000270

Bulletin 0/Malacology , Taiw酬 ， ROC， 只類學報， 24: 13 品 (20惡的 13

The Taiwan Inquisitors (:)

Chen-Kwoh Chang1 and Wen-Iung WU2 * 1. J3 73 ， PhelpsA缸 ，#8， SanJose, CA 95117, USA. 2. lnstitute ofZoology, Acade紛紛紛nica ， 為伊 i 115找 Taiwan

Chen-Kwoh Chang and Wen-lung W錢 (2000) The Taiwan Inquisitors (Gastropod其:Th rridae). BulIetin of Malacolo廓， Taiwan ， ROC, 24:13-26. Twenty nine specíes ofGenus lnquisitor from Taíwan Waters are reported wíth synonymy, dìagnos況， distributíon, dímension, remarks and colored pictures 鱷 Among them, one new specíes, lnquisitor taivaricosa 組d 22 species are new records ofthe Taiwan Inquísìtors.

KeyWord單: Inquísitor, , Thrridae, new record, n. sp., Taiwan.

INTRODUCTION Jnquisitor and Brachytoma of 翎討 ids are dis仕ibuted in Indo-Pacific. Jnquisitor are mainly found in West Pacific from Australia to Japan and South African Waters. Brachytoma are mainly found in Tropical lndian Ocean from Oman, India to South China Sea. Taiwan is located at the mìddle of the v.乍到 Pacific Link and near the end of the Tropical Indian Ocean Link. Taiwan is also located in the subtropical zone between the Philippines and Japan. Hence, a lot of Jnquisitor and some Brachytoma from both temperate zone and tropical zone are available ín Taiwan Waters. The separation of Jnquisitor and Brachytoma is the first problem to be solved when FarnHy Turridae is separated into Farnilies Turridae, Clavid尉， and Mange1iidae (Chang 1995). lnquisitor andβrachytoma have similar protoconch and shell morphology, both Thiele (1929心 935) and Powell (1966) put them as synonymy. Some βrac equ凶lÏ 討s i扭 limbs 戶j oi泌ne叫d tωo forrn a central channel. Kilbum doubted that the teeth may be modified wishbone teeth (Taylor et al. 1993). If so, both lnquisitor and Brachytoma should be combined together into a sìn容le group. There are many genera such as lnquisitor, " Pseudoinquisitor, Brachytoma, Ptychobela and Compsodrillia (Mammilaedrillìa) used for the group of shel1s whose conchological features are listed as follows:

1. Shell, medium sized, 11-65mm, elongate fusiforrn with tall spire of comparatively light built, 2. Scu1pture of stron忍 axials crossed by spiral cords and threads below a concave shoulder sulcus. Subsutural cord, strong, weak or obsolete. 3. Ape從ure ， narrowly ovate-pyriforrn contracted narrowly below to a short to moderately long anterior canal. Outer lip, thin with more or less a stromboid notch at the lower pa哎， 4. Sinus, U翩 shaped on shoulder slope with a parietal cal1us p揖 d. A dorsal varix, apart, near or at the sinus, 5. Protoconch, conical ofup to 5 smoo也 whorls ， usually 2刁 whorls ， 雀，瓜， 6. Color, white, yellow to chocola峙， mostly yellow, and ir--Eph-- 7. Opercul凶n ， leaf-shaped with terrninal nucleus.

The type of of 也早 se species m益y be modified duplex or tubular, toxoglossate-like. Thiele •• (1929) located these shells under subfamily Brachytominae (now belonging to ). Powell (1966) put them under subfamily Clavinae (now Clavinae + ). In 1988, Kilbum put those having modified duplex radula into subfamily Crassisipirinae and in 1989, he found that the tubular radula of some shells 挂re forrned from two compone泌的 afo口至1 of modified duplex typ然 not 仕ue

* :To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed. 通訊作者:]6.文降，中央研究設動物研究所，靈北市南海區研究院路 2 段 128 號 14 C. K. Chang and W, L Wu

了。xoglossate type (Kìlbum 198 旱， 1989). Hence, Taylor et al. (1993) placed this group of shells under subfamily Crassispinae of Family Turridae but not under his Conid配合忽略 eliìdae + ). It is so hard to separate those above mentioned 伊nera that many different genera have been used for a sin答 le species usually by the previous authors. In this papeζwe prefer use for all the other genera (Funa, Pseudoinquisìtor, Brachyton嗨 ， Ptychobe俗 ， Compsodrillia and Mammilaedrillia.

MATERIALS and M 在 THODS After detail checkin各 and comparison the shell collections and liter器ture in the Malacology Lab. ，也e Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Dr, C. K. Chang and some members of the Malacological Society of Taiwan, ROC多 29 species of Inquisitor from Taiwan Waters are reported with synonymy, diagnos怒， distribution invento哼， dimension remarks and colored pictures.

快ESU L.:τSand 口 ISCUSSION Only 5 species of Inquistor were recorded from Taiwan area, such as flavidu旬 ， jeffreysii, kurod衍， 如 wamurai and vexillum (Kuroda 1941 , Habe and 哀。suge 1966). In 街坊 paper ， we reported 22 new records and one new species of Inquistor from T.器iwan area, totally, 28 species of Inquistor could be fo滋滋 in the Taiw.an waters.

The list of Taiwan Inquisitor 1. Inquisitor flavidula (Lam轟rck ， 1822) 玉米捲管蟬 (Fig. la) Synonym and Records: Pleurotoma flavidula Lamarck, 1822 訟 Reeve (1 843):66, Bra羽achyt仿O仰， ma戶av叫Jidulωrα1， (札L挂ma紋rc唸k ， 詔草1 22均) inKu叮rod草 (19尋 l吟):126; in Ki設r揖 (1959):9 1.. Inqui.杖S必it紗，orj戶?αωv括叫i p抗〈矽ychobelaj戶7avidul仿'a， (ζar絞m吉nar，此ck ， 1822) in Springsteen and Leobrera (1986):268. Diagnosis: She lI，我lsiform wíth a tall spire and a moderate1y long anterior canal; 11 + mature whor1s, sculptured wíth longitudínally rather obliquely rounded axíals, 12-14 axi真Is on penultimate whorl, spiral cords knobbed on axials, subsutural cord, weak and beaded. Color, usually yellow. A varíation form of I. flavidula from 1:昌，泣， I-land Co. , Northeast Taiwan in Fig. lb having wider aperture and weaker spirals but not forming knobs on axi器Is. Distribution: off Kaohsíung Ci紗， sou位lwest T.揖iw在n at depth of about 5伽n and Ta-lî, I-land Co叮 northe昌 stem Taiwan. It is common found 企om Japan, Taiwan, the Phílippines to Australia. Dimension: 45x13 .5mm and 41xl1mm (variation form). Remarks: 甘le specimen with variation (Fig. lb) of I. flavidula belongs to Mrs. HτSun-Chang' s collectìon. Thís varîation form could be a new species.

2. Inquisitor angustus Kuroda et Oyama, 1971 攜塔玉米捕瞥輝 (Fig. 2) Synonym and Records: Inquistor angustus Kuroda et Oyama, 1971 in Kuroda (l971):pl. 56. Diagnosis: ShelI looks like I. flavidula but having (吋 taller spìre with 13+ mature whorls and shorter ape汰ure proportionally, (b) 器xîals raîsed leaving broader interspace. Distribution: North coast ofTaíwan at depth of 120m. Its fatherland is Sagami Bay, Japan. Dimension: 60.4xI6.4mm. Remarks: New record of Taiwan.

3. Inquisitor i建Ureysii (Smith, 1875) 傑氏玉米接管螺 (Fig. 3) Synonym and Records: Pleurotoma (Drillia) 先ffreysii Smi嶺， 1875 ìn Smith (1875):417. Brachytoma j吵reysi (Smìth, 1875) ín Kuroda (1941):126. Inquisitor jeffreysii (Smi綴， 1875) in Shikam章 (1964):127; in Habe and Kosuge (1967):100. Diagnosis: Shell looks like Inquisitor 戶'avidula but havìng (份 shorter axials, stronger at periphery, about 10 axials on penultimate whorl, (b) spiral cords not formín忍 knobs on axìals, ( c )如 subsutural cord. Color, yellow or whíte. The Taiwan Inquistors 15

Distribution: off Kaohsiung City, southwest Taiwan at depth of about 50m. It is common from Jap阻， the Philippines to Australia. Dimension: 57x19mm. Remark單: Inquisitor j吧。于砂'sii in Okutani (1975) could be I. 戶avidu 缸，

4. Inquisitor latisinuata (Smith, 1877) 中華玉米捲管螺 (Fig. 4) Synonym and Records: Pleurotoma (Drillia) 的tisinuata E. A. Smith, 1877 in Smith (1 877):494. Di 轟gnosis: Shel1 wi自 subturreted spire; 10 mature whor1s, with shoulder, angulate and sulcus, conc 在ve ， broad, irregularly streaked; sculptured of rounded axials and spiral cords and threads with two prominaI哎， whitish spiral cords on each whorls; 10-11 axials on penu1timate whorl. Color, light brown with 訊'0 whitish spiral cords Distribution: It is co忱的10n in southwest Taiwan at about 50m depth. Its fatherland is China and it is also found in New Guinea. Dimension: 54x19mm. Rem晶rks: New record of Taiwan. This common shell was not recorded in Japanese liter草ture. Thanks for Dr. Kilburn's identification.

5. Inquisitor laterculoides (Barnard, 1958) 葫非玉米捲管螺 (Fig.5) Synonym and Records: Drillia laterculoides Bamard, 1958 in Barnaτd(1958):129. Funa laterculoides (Bamard, 1958) in Kilburn (19路 ):269. Diagnosis: Shel1 with tal1 spire and short anterior canal, obliquely truncate; protoconch, 3+ convex smooth whorls and 9 mature whorl草， convex with 剝削 res ， impressed; sculptured of rounded axial皂， stronger at shoulder oveηiding spiral cords and 也reads bearing two whitish transverse nodules on axials each whorl; about 10 ribs on penultirnate whor1; no distinct subsutural cord. Aperture narrowly pyriform; outer lip, thin with varix at the U司 shaped sinus. Color, yel1ow. Distribution: off Ta-li, I-land Co., northeast Taiwan. It occurs in South Africa 例如-200m in depth. Dimension: 23x6.5 迎刃1. Remarks: New record of Taiwan Malacofauna.

6.伽.1仇伽Inq伊u叫i枷 pel叫i SyI泣lonym and Records: Inquisitor parculathrata Kuro銜， 1981 in Eisenber器 (1981):抖 .132. Diagnosis: Shell，恆的t brown, broad fusiform. It is distinguished from Inquisitor jlavidula by (叫做 broad form with subturreted spire ，你) axials raised, not so oblique as I. ß必vidula ， (c) no subsutural cord, (d) ape前ure ， broader. The immature shell in Fig. 6b is similar to this shell but with shorter body whorl co惚acted to a n在.rrow anterior canal. lts sinus, dorsal varix and pariental callus pad are not developed well yet. Distribution: off Kaohsiung City, southwest Taiwan at depth of 80m and Ta醬缸， I-land C。可 northeast Taiwan. This shell was found in Japan (Eisenberg 1981). Dimension: 58x2Omm and 48x15.5mm (immatured 勻的 imen). Remarks: New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna. This shel1 is scarcely found in Japanese literature.

7.11時uisitor vu月p仰的 Kuroda et Oyama, 1971 與玉米捲瞥螺(如g.7a) Synonym and Records: Inqu的 itor vulpionis Kuroda et Oyama, 1971 in Kuroda (1971 ):pl. 56. Diagnosis: Shell, fusiform with a tall subturreted spire; 12 mature whor1s, with broad concave sulcus irregularly streaked; sculpture of raised axials, stronger at periphery, not reaching bottom; about 10 ribs on penultirnate whorl; crossed by spiral cords; subsutural cord, not conspicuous. Aperture, narrow with 挂 short, truncated anterior can且已 inner 旬， heavily calloused. Color, yellow with brown spots and s虹eaks. A v當 iation of Inquisitor vulpionis as Fig. 7b has a similar shape and sculpture but gl 的 sy and colored white with reddish brown band on each whorl. Distribution: off Kaohsiung Ci旬， southwest Taiwan at depth of 50m and Ta-泣， 1-1and Co., northeast 16 C. K. Chang an吾有V. L. Wu

Taiwan. 功的 species orignal reported in Sagarni Bay, Japan (Kuroda 1971). Dimensio紛:“x15mm and 40x14mm (variation fonn). Remarks: N患有可 record of Taiwan 說 alacofauna. The specimen with variation belongs to Mrs. HT Sun“ Chang's collection.

8. Inquisitor 呵divaricosus Kuroda et Oyama, 1971 蠟帶玉米撞管鋸 (Fig. 8) Synonym and Records: Inquìsitor n獅lvarìco川 Kuroda etOy馴a ， 1971 in Kuroda (1971):pl. 56. Diagnosis: Shell, elongate fusifonn with a tall, sub心rreted spire; 10 mature whorls, f1at1y convex with concave sulcus below a narrow, be學ded subsutural cord; sculpture of rounded axials overriding spiral cords and 必reads; about 12 axials on penultimate whorl. Colo宮， light brown with a whitish spiral cord below shoulder on each whorl. It differentiates from b吵 havin忽 (a紛) 血rE泣10佼，re 翎and longer axi洽al誌s ，和-) a conpicuous narrow subsutural cord, (c) a whitish spir器 i cord below shoulder儡 Distribution: off Kaohsiung City, southwest Taiwan at depth of 5 做了1. Its fatherland is Sag轟 rni Bay, Jap認- Dimension: 46xI7.5mm. Remarks: New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna.

9. Inquisitor interrupω(Lamar毯， 1822) 皺頸玉主持警會螺 (Fig.9) Synonym and Record章: Pleurotoma interrupta Lamarck, 1822 inReeve (1843):5 1. Plωrotoma (Drìllia) interrupta L在marck ， 1822 in Kobert and Weinkauff (1887):129. Diagnosis: Shell, slender biconic with a tall subulate spire; protoconch of 3 convex smooth whorls; 9 mature whorls, f1at with a shallow concave sulcus below a weakly nodulous subsutural ∞rd; sculpture of raised whitish axials, stronger at periphery with broad, brown interspace; about 10 ribs on penultimate whor1; spirals, weak but becoming stronger from therniddle of body whorl to the bottom. Distribution: offTa-泣， l-land C。可缸。他告astTaiw扭扭di給 fatherland is Molucca. Dimension: 28x8.7mm. Remark章: New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna.

10. Inquisitor tuberosa 持綠嗨， 1875) 強鑽玉來撞管輝. (Fig. 10) Synonym and Records: Pleurotoma tuberosa Srnith, 1875 in Srnith (1875):418. Brachytoma tuberosa (Srni銜， 1875)inHabe(1961):76. Inquisìtor tuberosa (Smíth, 1875) in Habe and 哀。suge (1967):97. Di agno韋拉 Shell with a tall spire and short anterior canal; apex, domed and 11 mature whorls, sculpture of stron忠誠ials overridin忽略 iral 街reads; 11 ribs on penultimate whorl; subsutural cord, strong, nodulous. Color, whitish with brown intervals 肥d an apparent white band below the rniddle ofbody whorl. Distribution: offNorth Taiwan at depth of 10-20m. Its fatherland is Japan. Dimension: 25x7.5mm. Remarks: New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna.

11. Inquisitor aesopus (Sculpman, 1913) 最脊玉米捲瞥蟬 (Fig. 11 ) Synonym and Records: Drillia a的opus Sculpman, 1913 in Powell (1966):158. αesopω(Sculpma鈍， 1913) in Powel1 (1 966):76. Inquisitor aω opus (Sc u1pm帥， 1913) in Shuto (1970):63; in Kìlbum (1988):26 1. Diagnosis: Shell, fusifonn with tall spire and moderately long anterÎor canal; 11 值 12 mature whorls, wi枝1 a strong subsutural cords of sharp nodules; sculpture of crested axials from concave sulcus to sutures and bottom overriding spiral threads; about 12 ribs on penultìmate whorl. Outer líp ，位1in with dorsal varìx apart from sinus. Color, whitish ribs, nodules but reddish brown at the interspace; The Taiwan Inquìstors 17

an 蠶dditional whitish band below the middle of 街e last whorl. This shelllooks like l. nodicostatum, but having (的 longer anterior canal, (b)weaker spirals and 1-2 secondarγspiral between primaηr spirals, (c) parietal tubercle smaller, not overhanging the outer lip. Di器重ribution: 0缸 Kaohsiung Ci紗， southweast Taiwan at depth of 50-100m. It is di惚ibuted in South Africa, Taiwan and Solomon Is. Dimension: 34xl 1.5mm.. Remarks: New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna.

12. Inquisitor gracilispira (E. A. Smith, 1879) 美聽玉米揖管螺 (Fig. 12) Synonym and Records: Defrancia gracilispira E. A. Smi銜， 1879 in Smi街 (1879):pL XIX. 。 ia察nosis: ShelI, elongate fusifonn with body whorl and anterior canal as tall as the spìre; sculpture of vertical a注 ials ， weaker towards bottom overriding numerous spiral cords 蠶nd threads; about 12 axials on penul的nate whorl; no subsutural cord but numerous spiral threads on the sloping sulcus. Aperture, narrow with a short, oblique notched anterior canal; outer lip, thin, too俗 -like with a strong, dorsal varix at sinus. Color, yellow. It looks like Inquisitor parculathrata but having (a) longer slender body whorl, (b) narrower aperture, and (c) more spiral cords and 也reads. Distribution: offTa-泣， I-land Co 吋 no喘息 ast Taiwan. Dimension: 30x9mm. Remarks: New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna. This is an uncommon shell. The specímen ìs kept 血 Mr. YC Lee's collection.

13. Inquisitor sp. A 自去玉米搗曾聽 (Fig.13 ) Diagnosis: Shell having a tall spìre and a short, 的mc誰能d anterior canal. It looks like Inquisitor vexitomina shell but it has a rather large parietal callus pad under the end of suture. It has protoconch of 2-3 s血ooth whorls; 10 mature whorls, convex; subsutural cord, weak on the last two whorls but distinct on earlier whorls; sculpture of short oblique axials below sulcus; 10 騙 11 axials on penultimate whorl; nearly smooth between axials but with microscopical spiral straie on the last two whorls. Aperture, narrowly ovate; outer lip, th訟 with a strong dorsal varix near 設le apex of the U-shaped sinus; 在nterior c在nal ， sho泣， notched, oblìque to right. Color, whìte. It looks like l. dampier紹， but (a) shell has a taller and more slender sp宜院 (b) shell is nearly smooth whìle the l. dampieria has appraent spiral grooves in sculptu咒, 益扭Z巫ld (μc) 哎惱lÍ必s喵 shell 必is off white while the 正 dam訶zpi絃er衍ia 必i s 1i卸Vl站d-屯 Di泌草電絃ri泌bl肘l成ti泌01訟趴E衍: 0宜 Ba訟-dou心岫包e院， K立e巴elung City, north Taiwan at depth of 80m. Dimension: 22x7mm. Remarks: New record of Taiwan Mal在cofauna. 訕訕 is probably a new species. It is published here as Inquisitor sp. A because it is immature with the sinus is not well developed yet. This shell is kept in Mr. KH Chang' s col1ection.

14. Inquisitor rufovaricosa (Kuro傲， 1964) 花脊米攤管螺 (Fig.14 ) Synonym and Record 單: Drillia rufovaricosa Kuro啦， 1964 in ShikaIna (1964):127. Inquisitor rufovaricosa (Kuroda et OyaIna, 1971) in Springsteen and Leobrera (1986):269. Diagnosis: Shell, elongate fusifonn with a tall spire and anterior canal, moderately long; sc海ture of rounded axials from concave sulcus to sutures and bottom overìdden by sp仗義1 cords; about 12 ribs and 6 呼 iral cords on penul位mate whorl; subsuturalω持要 undul絢; varices on 中的， about 2 each whorl. Apertur皂， na叮ow; anterior canal, oblique to right; inner lip, heavily calloused; outer lip ，發1m; dorsal varix apart from sim統 Color， greenish white wi必 bottom ， brown and varìce丸 brown. Distribution: off Heng-chu妞， Ping-tong Co 龜， south Taìwan at d叩th of 140m. It is distrìbuted from Japan, and Taiwan to the Philìppines. Dimension: 45x13mm. Remarks: New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna.

15. Inquisitor intertincta (Smith, 1877) 自帶玉米權會蝶 (Fig. 間的 18 C, K. Chang and W. L. Wu

Synonym and Records:

Pleurotoma (Drilli的 intertincta E , A. Smith, 1877 in Smith (1877) 19:497. Inquisitor cf intε， rtincta (E. A. Smith, 1877) in Springsteen and Leobrera (1986):272. Diag泌的 is: This shelllooks lìke Inquisitor rufovaricosa but (a) whorl 喜， more convex, (b )Iess ribs and spirals, 7 axials and 是 spiral cords on penultimate who泣， (c) white ribs with interspace stained brown. A variation form of this shell from Ta品， I-land Co. , northeast Taiw轟n in Fig. 15b having a ridged fi在scíola at anterior end. Distribution: off Hen合chuan ， Ping-tong Co., South Taiwan at depth of 140m and Ta-泣， I-land Co., northeast Taiwan. It is distributed in the China Seas and the Philippines. Dimension: 35 位 2mm and 40x12mm (variation form). Rem益 rks: New record of Taiwan Malacofauna. 說le specimen in Fig. 的 b is Inquisitor habui (Azum誨， 1975) (有聽脊單米螺). It was 玄綽。從ed as Kurodallia 的bui n. sp. in 始終 us ， 33(4):157- 160.

16. Inquisitor recurvirostrata (Kuroda, 1964) 陵脊三五米捲管螺 (Fig.16) Sy瀉。nym and Record 事: Drillia recurvirostrata Kuro曲， 196是 in Shikama (1964):127. Diag險的 is: 質的 shell looks like Inquisitor nφvaricosa but having (吟吟 ire varices about one each whorl while 1. rufovaricosa, about 2 varices each whor1，和) axials, crested not rounded as 1. rufovaricosa, (c) parietal callus 伊拉 larger like a spu室， and (d) unicolor, brown. while 1. rufovarìcosa is greenish white with bottom, brown. Distribution: off Hen忠心huan ， Ping-tong Co., South Taiwan at depth of 180m. It occurs in Japan. Dimension: 37xl0.7mm. Remarks: New record ofTaiwan Mal在cofauna.

17. Inquisitor taivaricosa n. sp. 台灣玉米搏管聽 (Fig.17) Synonym and Records: Pleurotoma varicosa Reeve, 1843 in Reeve (1 843):65. Inquisitor cf varicosa (Reeve, 1843) in Springsteen and Leobrera (1幣 6):270. Diagnosis: Shell, biconic wíth rather tal1 spire and short anterior canal; 10-11 mature whorls, concave sulcus below undulate subsutural cord; sculpture of rounded axials and spiral grooves fo口ning nodulose axials; about 12 axials on penultimate whorl; 2-3 varices on each whorl. Ape紋ure ， narrowly ovate; inner lip, heavily callo1Jsed; outer 旬， th訟， seηate with a heavy dorsal varix whìch ìs apart from sìnus. Color, white wìth reddìsh brown maculatìon on spiral grooves, basal band 在nd left ofvarices. Distribution: off Hen必 chuan ， Ping-tong C。可 South Taìwan at depth of 140m. It is distributed Taiwan and the Philippínes. Dimension: Holotyp皂， 41x13mm (Inventory in ASIZ1999位， Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica). Remarks: New record of Taìwan Malacofauna. Sprìngsteen and Leobrera (1986) named it 泌1. cf varicosa. It is quite different from Pleurotoma varicosa. This shell has (a) broader shape ，告) more 昌xials on each whorl, and (c) axials cut by spiral grooves not overridden by spiral cords. Hence, a new name 1. taivaricosa is given here for this shell.

18. Inquisitor alabaster (Reeve, 1843) 白筍活米捧管螺 (Fig. 18) Synonym and Records: Pleurotoma alabaster Reeve, 1843 in Reeve (1 843):65. Pleurotoma (Drillia) alabaster 衷的V 缸， 1843 泌 Kobelt and Weìnkauff (1 887):132. Di謹 gnosis: Shell ，嗎rhite ， biconic with a tal1 spire and a short anterior canal; 12 mature whor1s, wìth spire varìces, 2-3εach whor1 and subsutural cord, stron慈， undulate; sculpture of rounded axìals and numerous spìral cords; about 13 axials and 8 spirals on penultimate whor1. Aperture, narrow; inner lip, heavily calloused; sinus, U騙 shaped with a larg 缸， f1at parìetal callus pad; anterior canal, short with ridged fascîola anterìorly. Distribution: off Hen合 chuan Pin合tong Co., south Taiwan at depth of 80司 100m on sand. It is distributed in Japan, Taiwan 昌nd the Philippines. The Taiwan Inquistors 19

Dimension: 34.8xlO.4mm and 55.5x 15mm (Variation form). Remarks: New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna.

19. Inquisitor vexillum (Habe et Kosuge, 1966) 高雄玉米捲管螺 (Fig. 19) Synonym and Records: Brachytoma vexillum Habe et Kosuge, 1966 in Habe et Kosuge (1 966):336. Ptychobela vexillum (Habe et Kosuge, 1966) in Springteen and Leobrera (1 986):279. Diagnosis: Shell, elongate biconic; 11 mature whorls, shouldered; sulcus, concave with numerous spiral threads; sculpture of short rounded axials; 9 on penultimate whorl; spiral cords, dominant from the rniddle of body whorl to 也e botton; subsutural cord, angulate. Outer lip, thin with dorsal varix at sinus; inner 1中， heavily calloused. Color, dark brown with whitish nodules and spirals. Distribution: off Kaohsiung City, southwest Taiwan at depth of 100m. Its fatherland is South Taiwan. It occurs in the Philippines, too Dimension: 30x12mm.

20. Inquisitor kurodai (Habe et Kosuge, 1966) 黑田玉米捲管螺 (Fig. 20) Synonym and Records: Brachytoma kurodai Habe et Kosuge, 1966 in Habe et Kosuge (1 966):335. Diagnosis: Shell, biconic; 11 mature whorls, convex and sutures, impressed; subsutural cord, narrow and undulate; sulcus, concave with numerous spiral threads; sculpture of rounded axials from sulcus to sutures and to the bottom, s仕onger at periphery overriding spiral cords; 11-12 axials and 5 spirals on penultimate whorl. Outer 旬， thin with dorsal varix at sinus; lnner 1旬， heavily calloused. Color, dark brown with a broad whitish band at periphery. Distribution: off Kaohsiung City, southwest Taiwan at depth of 100m. Its fatherland is South Taiwan. Dimension: 30xlOmm.

21. Inquisitor subochracea (E. A. Smith, 1877) 斜肋玉米捲管螺 (Fig. 21) Synonym and Records: Pleurotoma (Drillia) subochracea Smith, 1877 in Smith (1 877):493. P砂chobela subochracea (Smith, 1877) in Springsteen and Leobrera (1 986):270. Diagnosis: Shell looks like /. kurodai (Habe et Kosuge) but lacking (a)subsutural cord, (b)spiral threads on sulcus, and (c )peripheral white band. 一 Distribution: off Tong-kang, Ping-tong Co., southwest Taiwan at depth of 100m. It is distributed in Tropical lndian Ocean and South Taiwan. Dimension: 36.6x13.5mm. Remarks: Thanks for Dr. J Drivas's identification. New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna.

22. Inqu師ω r kawamurai (Habe et Kosuge, 1966) 河村玉米捲管螺 (Fig. 22) Synonym and Records: Brachytoma ka 1，1.叫nurai Habe et Kosuge, 1966 in Habe et Kosuge (1 966):336. Ptychobela km叫 murai (Habe et Kosuge, 1966) in Springsteen and Leobrera (1 986):270. Diagnosis: Shell, biconic with sutures, impressed; 6 mature whorls, convex; subsutural cord, indistinct1; sculpture of flexous raised axials from below suture to suture and to bottom overriding spiral 也reads; 9 ribs on penultimate whorl; Outer lip, thin with raised dorsal varix at the sinus. Color, yellow maculated with orange. Distribution: off Heng-chuan, Ping-tong Co., south Taiwan at depth of 100m. Its fatherland is south Taiwan and it is found in the Philippines, too. Dimension: 30x15mm.

23. Inquisitor carmen (Sowerb弘 1916) 卡門玉米捲管螺 (Fig. 23) Synonym and Records: Brachytoma carmen (Sowerby, 1916) in Springsteen and Leobrera (1 986):268. Drilla carmen n. sp. in Sowerby (1 916). 20 C. K. Chang and W. L. Wu

Diagnosis: Shell, light brown, biconic with anterior canal, moderately long; 11 mature whorls, no subsuturaI cord; sculpture of subangulate axials from concave sulcus to suture and to bottom, overriding spiral cords forrning transverse nodules on 絡站 s; 10 ribs on penultimate whorl. It differentiates from 1. kawamurai in having (a )more m益ture whor1s, (b )axials not so flexous as the 1. kawamurai. Distrib混ion: offnor位1 Taiwan. It is dis位ibuted in the China Seas雙 Taiwan and the Philippines. Dimension: 31x lO.5紛紛. Remarks: New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna.

24. Inquisitor insignita (Melvi泊， 1922) 歪盟玉米搪管舉 (Fig. 24) Synonym and Records: Brachytoma insignita (Melvi1l, 1922) in Dr. J Drivas' personal communication. Diagnosis: She11100ks like 1. flavidula but (吋 having shorter spire with less whor1s, (b) subsu給ral cord, obsolete, (c) whor1s, more convex, and (d) anterior canal ob1ique backward. Distribution: off Tung-kang, Peng 輛 tong Co., southwest Taiwan at depth of 100m. It is distributed in the South China Sea, Taiwa豆豆 and the Phi1ippines. Dimension: 39xI7.7mm. Rem鐘書'ks: New record ofTaiwan Malacofau制.

25. Inquisitor zonata (Gray, 1843) 白骨玉米捲管螺〈到 g.25) Synonym and Records: Pleurotoma zonata Gray, 1843 血 Reeve (1843):74. Diagnosis: She11100ks like 1. subochracea but having (a) smooth ribs overriding less and fmer spiral threads, (b) a white peripheral band, and (c) glossy with whitish ribs and reddish brown interspace. 。istribution: offTa-li, I-land C。可 no室也S昌 stTaiwan.τhis species orignal reported in Malaysia. Di me剃頭。 n: 42.5xI6.5mm. Remarks: New record of Taiwan Malacofauna. It is an interesting and uncommon shel1 (Reeve 1843). 報告 specimen is kept in Mrs. HT Sun-Chan話 's collection.

話 • Inquisitor variabilis 但. A. Smith, 1877)謝游車米捲管蟬 (Fig.26) Synonym and Records: Pleurotoma (Drillia) variabilìs E. A. Smith, 1877 in Smith (1877):495. Inquisitor (Funα)vαriabílis (Smith, 1877) in Ki1burn (1988):276. Diag紛紛 is: Shel1, biconic wÌth tall acute spire; 10-11 mature whor1s, subangulate without subsu似ral cord; sculpture of rounded axials, nodulose at periphery overridin終 spiral cords from shoulder to bottom; about 10 axials and 7 spírals on penultimate whorl. Outer lip ，也 in; dorsal varix, weak near sinus. Color, teddish brown with whitish nodules and spirals. Distribution: trawled near the Pratas Islands, southwest to south Taiwan at depth of 30m. It is distributed in India, Ceylon and the South China Sea. Dimension: 43x15mm. Remarks: New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna.

27. Inquisitor zebra (Lamarck令 1822) 幸運馬玉米捲管據 CFig.27) Sy肢。 nym and Records: Pleurotoma zebra L滋naτck ， 1822 in Kiener (1840):pl. 23 輛 5. Pleurot01閱 (Crassispira) zebra Lamar毯， 1822 in Kob釘t and Weinkauff (1887): 106. Diagnosis: She泣， biconic with protoconch, brown of 2-3 smooth convex whor1s; 8 mature whor泊， with subsutural cord, narrow, white beaded; sculpture of 9 rounded axials and 4-5 spiral cords on penultimate whor1; a double row of white transverse nodules on the periphery of each whorl. Ape技ure ， na汀ow; S lD肘， U仿haped; outer 1妙， thin with dorsal varix at sinus. Distribution: off Ba-dou-帥， Keelung City, Nor位1 Taiwan. It Ís common in Mauritìus, East Africa but uncommon in West Pacific and Taiw翻. Dimension: 17x6mm. Remarks: New record ofTaiwan Malacofauna. TheT:在 iwan Inquìstors 21

28. Inquisitor mammillata (Kuroda et Oyam龜， 1971) 乳帶玉米接管輝何地 .28) Synonym and Records: Compsodrillia (Mammillaedrillia) mammillata Kurod益 etOyama ， 1971 in Kuroda (1971):pl 55. Diagnosis: Shel1 with a tal1 spire and short anterior canal; 12 ma切 re who咐， convεx; subsutural cord, narrow and beaded; sculpture ofaxial ribs from concave sulcus, stronger at periphery overriding raìsed spiral cords; 10 ribs 在nd 尋 spiral cords on penultirnate whorl. Sinu丸 deep U-shaped with a raised parietal callus pad. Color, grayísh white sparkled with brown spots; a white band on the rniddle ofbody whorl. Distribution: off nor也 Taiwan. This species orignal reported in Japan. Dimension: 50.5xI6mm. Remarks: New record of Taiwan Malacofauna. Compsodrillia is found from Ca主ibbean and We從 America areas. It has s說泣 lar conchological feature as Inquisitor ofIndo-Pacific are器， but its radula is of rolled m星rginals. 甘ler程車re 制'0 Pliocene specie丸 nakamurai Makiyama, 1931 and torvita MacNeil, 1960 from Japan and Okinawa which were ascribed 紛也 is genus (Compsodrìllia) by 也eir authors. They would be better placed 必 Inquisitor (Powell, 1966). Kuro部 (1971) placed this taxon under subgenus Compsodrillia (Mammillaedrillia) without anatomical data. Hence this shell is treated in Inquisitor here. The spec益nen is kept in Mr. KH Chang's collection. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS τhe authors would like to express their deep thanks to Drs. RN 玄ilburn and J Drivas for identification some speci的. We also 也做lks to Mr. YC Lee ，謊言.玄H Chang and M惚 .HτSun-Chang ， members of the Malacological Society of Taiwan, ROC for their col1ections.

LIτERATURE CIτES Azuma 話 1975 Descriptions oftwo n sp. ofthe Family Trochidae and the Family Turridae from off Kii, J apan (Mollu鈴益 :Gastropoda). 始終us ， 33(4):157-160. Barnard KH 1958 Contribution to knowledge of South African Marine . Annuals of the South A戶ican Museum, p.129. ChangC玄 1995 Reevaluation ofthe classification ofTurridae. Bulletin ofMalacology , Taiwan ROC, 19: 43-50. Eisenberg 品1 1981 Seashells of the Wor.鼠， McGraw Hi11 Book Co., p1.1 32. Habe T 1961 The Shells ofJapan (11) 建 p.76. Hoikusha Publìshing Co., Lt丸。saka ， Japan. Habe T and 哀。 suge S 1966 New Genera and Species from the tropical and subtropical Pacific molluscs. Venus , 24(4):326 刪 337. Habe T and Kosuge S 1966 Common Shells ofJapan in Color. 悴 .97 輛 100. Hoikusha Publishing Co., Ltd. , Osa泊， Japan. Kiener LC 1840 Species general et iconographie des coquilles vivantes. Vol. 5, p1.25. Kilbum 致了可 1988 Turrid如 of Soutbern Africa and Mozambique. Part 4, Subfamilies Drillinae, Crassispirinae and S仕ictispirinae. Annual 入rata!. λluseum ， 29:pp.257-276; Fig. 213 輛 284. Kilburn RN 1989 Notes on Ptychobela and Brachytoma. Annual Natal. Museum, 30: 185-196. Kira T 1959 Coloured Illustrations of the Shells of Japan (1). Vii+240. Hoikusha Publishing Co., Ltd呵 llbFf:1:Vt.-7!!!。 sak盔， Japan. Kobert W and Weiukauff HC 1887 Conchylien 翩 Cabinet， Martini und Chemnitz. pp.108, 129, 132. Kuroda T 1941 A catalogue of moIluscan sheIls from Taiw孟n (Formosa) with description new specie氣 Mem. Fac. Sci. Agri. Tai主oku Imp. Univ. , 22(4):126. Kuroda T 1971 Se部， hells ofSagami Bay. pls. 55, 56 and 11O.Tokyo Jap船， Okutani T 1975 品1011usca 1, Gakken Co. Ltd., Japan. p.l 尋 6. Powell AWB 1966 The Molluscan Families Speightidae and Turridae. Bulletin of Auckland Institute and Musew紹， No. 5, pp.79-妞， pls.12 and 13. Reeve LA 18品 Monograph of P!eurotoma, Conchologia Iconica. Vol. 1 specì的:剖，肘， 66 ，丸， 135 and 14 1. Shikama T 1964 Selected Shells ofthe World Illustrated in Color (的 .Ho知勾ru-Kan Publishing Co., Ltd., 22 C. K. Chang and W L. Wu

Tokyo, Japan. Shuto T 1970 Taxonomical notes on the ofthe Sìboga-Collection, part 1.持 nus ， 28(4):63. Smith EA 1875 A list of the Gastropoda collected in Japanese Seas 點 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist吋 Ser.4 ，的 :415- 是 19. Smith EA 1877 Diaεnosis of New Specìes of Pleurotomidae in the Brìtish Museum. Ann. Mag. 均 tural Histo吵， Ser. 4, 19:488-501. Smith EA 1879 On Mol1usca from Japan. Proc‘ Zool. Soc. , London, 1879: 叩開 25. Sowerby GB 1916 Descriptions of seven n. sp. of mollusca belonging to the Genus Drillì旬 ， Clava紛紛， Epitonium, Cantheridus, Bittium, Fissurella and Cardium. Proceedings Malacological Socie砂 of London, 1916:74刁 6. Springsteen FJ and Leobrera FM 1986 Shells ofthe Philippines. pp. 265 幽 283 堅 pls.76-80. Taylor JD, Kantor YI and Sysoev AV 1993 Foregut 磊natomy ， feedin忍 mechanisms relationshìps and cla草草 ification of Conidea (Gastropoda). Bu/l. Nat. Hist. Mus. , London (Zool.), 59(2): 125 心 70. Thiele J 1929-1935 Handbook of Systematic Malacology. Tra那 lated and published by the SmithsonÌa錢 Museum ìn 1992, pp. 555-556. rhe Taiwan Inquistors 23

1a. Inquisitor flnvidll旬， 45x 13.5mm. 1b. Inqllisi/Or flnvidll旬， variation form, 41 x 11 mm. 2. IlIquisitor nngus側， ω4x 16.4 mm. 3. Inquisitor jeffreysii, 57x 19mm. 4. Inqllisitor latisinuntn , 54x 19mm. S. Inqllisitor Intercllloides , 23x6.5mm 個 • Inqllisitor pnrclllnthrn仰， 58x20mm. 6b.lnqllisitor pnrculnthrntn , immatu 悶， 48x 15.5mm. 7a. Inquisitor 叫，伊 ion 旬， 44x15mm. 7b. Inqllisi/or 叫咿 IOn 旬， variation form , 40x 14mm. 8. Inqllisi/or nodivnricoSlIs , 46x 17.5mm 24 C. K. Chang and W. L. Wu

9. Inq l/isilor inlerrupla, 28x8.7mm. 10. Inq l/isilor I I/ b凹的。， 25x7.5mm. 11 . Inq l/isilor aesopus, J4x 11.5mm. 12. Inquisilor gracilispi間， JOx9mm. 13.lnquisilor sp. A, 22x7mm. 14.lnquisilor rujovaricosa, 45xlJmm. 15a. lnquisilor inlerlinc旬， J5x12mm 15b. InquisilO r habui, 40x 12mm. 16. Inquisilor recl/rviroslrala, J7x 10.7mm. 17. InquisilO r laivaricosa n. sp. , 41 x 1Jmm . 18. Inquisilor alabasler, J4.8x 10.4 mm. The Taiwan lnquistors 25

19. Inquisi lO r ν exi l/llm ， 30x12mm. 20. Inquisitor kll /'Odai, 30xlOmm. 2 1. Inqui卸的 r sllbochracea, 36.6x 13.5mm. 22. Inqllisitor ka\Vamumi, 30x 15mm. 23. Inqllisiror carmell , 31 x 1O.5mm. 24. Inqllisilor insigni仰， 39x17.7 mm. 25. Inqllisilor zona的， 42.5x 16.5mm. 26. Inqllisilor νariabil旬， 43x15mm. 27.lnqllisilor zeb川， 17x6mm. 28. Inquisilor mal/llllillala , 50.5x 16mm. 26 C. K. Ch揖ngand W. L Wu

台灣的玉米捲管螺〈腹足網:捲管螺科)

張鎮盛 1 .巫文降 2 1. 1373, Phelps A紙， #8, San Jose, CA 95117, USA 2. 中央研究院動物研究所

本文報導台灣海域所擬的 29 曬玉米措管螺 (Taiwan Jnquisito芯，其中有 22 種島台灣海域的新記錄髓， 1 機為新輯) ，每種均詳竊論文起其貝殼處要特徽、蔑地互之尺寸大小、並各備有彩做幫像。其中一種?這新鹽， 命名講台灣玉米拷管蠟 Inquisitor taivaricosa n. 嚀。另有下列變釀的玉米揖管輯:玉米捲管螺 Inquisitor jlavidula (Lamarck) 、角玉米于是管蟬 1. vulpionis Kuroda et Oyama 、色脊玉米接管螺 1. intertincta (Smith)和白 玉玉米接管螂 1. sp. A 等自館，有可能t但是新髓，但播藝美詳加研究及補充更多的資料，甚至三於需要指鐘，才 能進…步有無定論，盟JLt本文暫立視為發績。本文的部分標本分別由李遠安靜、張昆煜及孫巨陸蔥蔥等諸位員 友擾供，特i比感髓。

聽聽翱:玉米攤管螺泠攤曹蝶輯、新龍鐘續、新轎‘台灣。