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H Shooting Sports - Impact 2017 Vermont 4-H Lesson Sheets: Shooting Sports 4 –H Shooting Sports - Impact Different Types of Bullets Non-Expanding Expanding Frangible Non-expanding (FMJ) bullets Expanding or "controlled expansion" Frangible bullets break up into bullets are designed to deform or typically retain their general very small pieces upon impact "mushroom" as the bullet penetrates shape as the bullet penetrates and passes through the target. Almost with the target or the back- and passes through target. The all big game hunting bullets are of the ground. The penetration of this penetration of this type of bullet expanding type. The penetration of an type of bullet is limited and the is usually much greater than expanding bullet may be measured in inflicted damage is typically frangible or expanding bullets inches or feet, depending on the bul- near the surface of the target. because the frontal area of a non let's design, the bullet's sectional den- They are the safest type of bul- -expanding bullet does not in- sity, the expansion medium the bullet let to use in semi-populated ar- crease as it penetrates. hits, and how fast it is traveling when it eas, as the risk of ricochet is hits the expansion medium. minimized. http://www.chuckhawks.com/ http://www.chuckhawks.com/ http://www.chuckhawks.com/ bullets_beginners.htm bullets_beginners.ht bullets_beginners.htm Can you tell what types of IMPACT are shown below?... ____________________________ ____________________________ ___________________________ University of Vermont Extension State 4-H Office 655 Spear Street, Burlington, VT 05405-0107 802-656-5433 or 1-800-571-0668 (toll-free in VT) www.uvm.edu/extension/youth Word Search T C X M I M P A C T E T U U Q G A E R Y J U N H R I F L E I T W R P L K F M W I J K K E L E E H G E L J K D G L I L Q K Z R M Y E O P S S G H Y M Z J X V U Y R T S A F E T Y E A F A Z W B U L L E T R F H L V A O M D W I S A Q E R S E O I G I D M P Y Q K Q P I A F P Y U P F O U R O E P L W G I K T N S G I D N Y W I W C O R M Q P H S I C E I Q D Q X U E E W O E H W X P L T S D X T A Q O W L L Q P H M F I S A L R Z I D L J P A F Q M F O G E M Z U E Y N L Z T P H L F N W O V R R E M J Z A E D J G K F L L Y B R D S C P X S F J A C S R E D E C T P Q Z Q A H T B P E L S D X A W E V P R I M E R P K H X R X O Y Q P T L Y O E Q H J BULLET GUNPOWDER SHELL FIREARM PRIMER RIM RIFLE TRIGGER SAFETY TARGET IMPACT Can You Find The Secret Word? Wiki Bullet Identification http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullet Bullet Kinetic Energy Calculator http://www.firearmexpertwitness.com/customguns/calcnrg.html Bullets for Beginners http://www.chuckhawks.com/bullets_beginners.htm Expanding Bullet http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanding_bullet Non-Expanding Bullet http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_bullet Frangible Bullet http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frangible Impact Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nM8X7ejRjXE 4 –H Shooting Sports - Trajectory What Is Trajectory? In physics trajectory is the path a moving object follows through space as a function Trajectory of time. The object might be a projectile or a satellite, for example. It thus includes the Time / meaning of orbit—the path of a planet, an Distance asteroid or a comet as it travels around a central mass. A trajectory can be described mathematically either by the geometry of the path, or as the position of the object over time. 1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajectory What Do We Use Trajectory For? Trajectory Scientists use trajectory everyday to calcu- late or predict with mathematical accuracy where an object will hit and/or land. For Time example, before astronauts landed on the moon in 1969 they had to calculate the tra- jectory they would use to land safely; their calculations took years of work and simu- lated practice. You also use trajectory when playing basketball. In order to shoot the ball and make a basket you must choose your trajectory and use repetition of that same Trajectory Time path to keep making shots. If you stray from your successful trajectory you will miss your next shot. University of Vermont Extension State 4-H Office 655 Spear Street, Burlington, VT 05405-0107 802-656-5433 or 1-800-571-0668 (toll-free in VT) www.uvm.edu/extension/youth 4 –H Shooting Sports - Trajectory Draw a line for (Time/Distance) and (Trajectory) to each target Word Search Bullet Gun Ammo Safety Can You Find The Secret Word? Trajectory Time Distance D I S T A N C E V C W Y A H U O P M N B A T F J I G U N B U Q G E Y O T W T E L P A T H Z K E G W L X M Y I I S R H Q E Z M P Z M A T J S T X O T S U E P K A X V G R Q H F O I S Z Y R O T C E J A R T 4-H Shooting Sports - Velocity What is Velocity? How do you measure Velocity? In physics, velocity is the measurement of the rate and direction of change in position of an object; both magni- tude (speed) and direction (time) are required to define it. Muzzle velocity is the speed at which a projectile leaves V = _∆D the muzzle of the gun. Muzzle velocities range from ap- proximately 800 ft/s (240 m/s) for some pistols and older ∆T cartridges to more than 4,000 ft/s (1,200 m/s) in modern rifles with high-performance cartridges to 5,900 ft/s (1,800 m/s) for tank guns. The velocity of a projectile is highest at the muzzle and drops off steadily because of air V= Average Velocity D= Distance resistance. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velocity T= Time Chad is a member of the Green Mountain 4-H Shooting Sports club and loves to shoot rifles. He got to shoot his rifle three times. The first time he shot his rifle it took 1.3 seconds for the bullet to hit the target. The second time it took 1.9 seconds. And on the third try it took 0.6 seconds. Chad was standing 500 feet from his target, what was the Veloc- ity of the bullets Chad shot? 1st Bullet ___________ 2nd Bullet ___________ 3rd Bullet ___________ University of Vermont Extension State 4-H Office 655 Spear Street, Burlington, VT 05405-0107 802-656-5433 or 1-800-571-0668 (toll-free in VT) www.uvm.edu/extension/youth Kelly is a member of the Green Mountain 4-H Shooting Sports Club and loves to shoot archery. She got to shoot three times. The first time she shot her bow & arrow it took 3.1 seconds for the arrow to hit the target. The second time it took 2.7 seconds. And on the third try it took 3.4 seconds. Kelly was standing 100 feet from her target, what was the Velocity of the arrows Kelly shot? 1st Arrow____________ 2nd Arrow____________ 3rd Arrow___________ Word Search Distance Time Velocity Measurement Projectile Rifle Arrow Muzzle Seconds Speed Physics Can You Find The Secret Word? M A S P H Y S I C S O P U E F G H J Y R H L R R Z Y A R R O W Y U V I O Z B P S E C O N D S F J L O I O U L I B V C L E E W T O K R T D X X E C T Y I Y J L E H S B K T S F M G Z Z H M P V M I S D E K G X J S E D N L V E L O C I T Y E N V E K R S F G H T H D F T S Q Y D I S T A N C E J A Chronograph Data Sheet How to use this data sheet: Use the chronograph to measure the velocity of the bullet/arrow you shot. Do this 5 times. At the end you can calculate your average velocity by adding the speeds of all 5 shots and dividing them by 5. What is your average velocity? 1st. Shot:______________________ 2nd Shot:______________________ 3rd Shot:_______________________ 4th Shot:________________________ Va :_________________________ ( Average Velocity ) 5th Shot:________________________ University of Vermont Extension State 4-H Office 655 Spear Street, Burlington, VT 05405-0107 802-656-5433 or 1-800-571-0668 (toll-free in VT) www.uvm.edu/extension/youth 4 –H Shooting Sports - Resources Impact Resources Wiki Bullet Identification http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullet Bullet Kinetic Energy Calculator http://www.firearmexpertwitness.com/customguns/calcnrg.html Bullets for Beginners http://www.chuckhawks.com/bullets_beginners.htm Expanding Bullet http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanding_bullet Non-Expanding Bull http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_bullet Frangible Bullet http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frangible Impact Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nM8X7ejRjXE Velocity Resources 1.
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