1880-81.

VICTORIA.

R E .. P 0 RT

OF THE

INSPECTOR 0}' LUNATIC ASYLUMS

ON

THE FOR rl1HE. INSANE

FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31sT· DECEMBER

18 8 0.

l'RI•:SENTim TO DOTH HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT PURSUANT TO ACT 31 VICT. No, 809, SEC1'ION 56.

li1] autbotit!!: HOBT, S, DRAIN, ACTING GOVERNMENT PRINTER, . Nu. a. ;'

APPUOXIM.A.TE COST OF REPORT. £ s. <1. }lrcparn.tion-N(Jt given. llriutillf! (850 COI}iCS) 41 .o 0

" DEPARTMENT OF HOSPITALS FOR THE INSANE,

Melbourne, 28th March 1881.

237.

SIR, In accordance with the provisions of the 56th section of the Lunacy Statute,

No. 309, I have the honor to transmit for your information the accompanying Report on the state and condition of the Lunatic Asylums, Licensed House, and Lunacy·

Wards in the Colony of for the year ended on the 31st December 1880.

I have the honor to be, Sir,

Your most obedient servant, E. PALEY,

Inspector of Limatic Asylums.

The Honorable the Chief Secretary.

REPORT.

THE first of the following tables gives the number and distribution of the insane in Victoria on the JISt December. On the 1st January I 88o there were 2,768 patients in the public asylums, and 234 on leave ; at the end· of the year there were 2,803 under care in the asylums and 245 on leave, an increase of 46 altogether-35 in the asylums, and I I on leave. At the Cremorne licensed house there were 22 on the books in January, and only 14 in December; and there has only been an increase of I in the lunacy wards during the same period. This gives the total increase of insane for this year 39 persons, the lowest that has occuned for a number of years. TABLE I.-Showing Distribution on 3 I st December I 8So.

I Males. Females. Total. In the public lunatic asylums at- Yarra Bend ...... 470 25I 7ZI Kew ...... 42I 324 745 Ararat ...... 228 189 4I7 Beech worth ...... 153 193 446 Sunbury ...... 22I 253 474 Out on probation from- Yarra Bend ...... 45 4I 86 Kew ...... 55 74 IZ9 Ararat · ...... 10 11 ZI Beechworth ...... 3 2 5 Sun bury ...... 3 I 4

Total number of registered lunatics in public asylums . .. I 1,709 1,339 3,048 In Cremorne Licensed House ...... 9 5 . 14 In Lunacy Ward, Bendigo ...... Castlemaine Hospital ...... 2 ... ~ " ", Geelong Infirmary .. I I . " ......

Total number of registered lunatics in the colony ...... I17ZI I,3f4 3,065

TABLE II.-Showing the Admissions, Re-admissions, Discharges, and Deaths during the Year r88o in Public Lunatic Asylums. I Males. -Females. Total, I In 'the asylums on 1st January 88o ...... I1719 I1283 3,002

Males, Females. ! Total.

Admitted ... {For t.he.first time ...... 284 Z%4 508 Re-admitted ...... !8 ZI 39 Transferred during the year ...... 72 246 3I8 Retaken ...... ZI I 22

Total admitted ...... 395 492 887

Total under cm·e during the year ...... 2,114 •·775 3,889

llfales. Female~~. Total. Discharged, removed, &c. :..:...... Recovered ...... 154 116 Z70 Improved ...... 8 41 lZ Not improved ...... I ... I Transferred ...... 71 243 314 Escaped ...... Z2 I Z3 Died ...... I44 66 210 Died while on leave of absence ...... 5 6 l I - Total dischat·ged, died, &c., dul'ing the year ...... 405 436 841 Remaining in the asylums on the 3 Ist December I 88o --- (inclusive of absent on trial, males and females) ... 1,709 1.339 3·048 Average numbers resident du:-ing the year ...... ~~~ I, I93 2,810 ~· , ' "~ ...... -.' ~ 6

'l'AnLIC III.-Showlng the Admissions, Discharges, nml Deaths, with the Mean Annual Mortality; and Proportion of Recoveries, &c., per Cent. on' the Admissions,. for the Years I 868 to l 8 8'o, in Public Lunatic Asylums. · · ·· · · ·

Discharged.

. I . l!C,!Xlve~ed; •.j Hel!evcd,; Tnn•fcrred. ·.1-1 1- I' ·.~.~. rh ~~ ,.,. ll{ ~z:,· ·~ 'j:li ·~'. ·rti ~ 1-~· .. t;, .£.. · ~ :.s :s . .=: s ·s l 'eJ s ·~ ·;:. s ,·:s · ~ · · s· s · ·3 .~ ,, ~ c ;. .::! · ~t~ -o./3 G.J. o .9 <:.~ • o ~ ~ ~ o _·._ 2' ~ ~ _:::_ ~..: _:::..·.~ ~ !..::.~ ~ ~ ;__:__ _:::. ~-. ~:.. :_...::._ .. ~. ~ ~ 1 ~86•8 ~~3 194 S~~ 1•01 . 6s 169!1~ 2I~~OII;; 171 32.8 78. ao _98! 9 :~.o 636 I556 868.· 5.72 1441 38';~145_'871·4;'2: 8·.~8' ·3':9 .~·:So 1 1869 JIO 225 ~35 121 104 2,:!.~ 1 12 17 29 :!.I 15 36 94 34128 _999 706 1705 956 66911626 42'90 53'77 47'47. 9'8:3 )'08 7"87 1 1 1 1 187o j47 i19 566119109 US 26 22 48 55 41 90 96 39135 1094 7-55 1849[1025j 720:1745 41'78 59··8'1 :48·76 9:j6 ;5.41 7'73 1 1871 333:1.13 546 II5 76191 1617 33 33 ·· •1j 34101 3I 1311: u 92· 845 20J7iH24 i 7781902 39·3'3 43'66 41'02 8·98 3'98 6·94 1872 357 214 571 Jl6 167 183 9 H 20 1J2 70 202 108 133 141 1314 949 22631260 845 2107 35'01 36·44 35'55 8'57 • 3'90 6·69

1873 J60:25 5S~,149 ;35 ~~4 r8 22 40175 2051380 n8j40 1681370 976 234611339 9~~ 2255 ,46·~~ 69'_7._7 5,n~ ;9:~? j +'3~ 7,'f5 1874 326 2,26 552 125 roo 225 26 37 63 7 . 8[15 u4 54 168 1427 Ioii 2438'1339 928 2270 46·31 6o·6z 52·17 8·-so •_s·Sr 7'4o

·~t~ :349228 ~iTsz ~>~~~~:~w -~ rs 63 s 71_121 51 1i2 1487 105~ im/1399 976 zm 46·42159'65 ~~-6~ s-~~ ,p2 7'23 1 1 ~7~ ~5t37 ~8;I66(I51Z,~~ .•. •7 z.o 37.1· 76. 68!.144 135:5o 18~ 1513 uoo 2613·. 1463 10o6 2471 ~2.'28 56·96 54-·f~~- ~-~~ ,4.'97 ns 1877 3451225 570 142 i1612581 2 I 3 35 37 72 134163 197 1573 II46 2719,14841 1056 2541 41'74 52'QO 45'7.9 9'03 5196 .7'-75 1 1SiS 318 242 ~q6 122 ,91·~!3• 5 9 14 is1_ 95 276 II4 63 177 i643 1223,:i866.·1537 IIo8 2645 39'93. 41'J2J~·5'3r 7·4:~ ~-68 6·69 1 1 187.9 371 ~·14 h_· ~ 123 is1 ~~~ ~ ~~·. 721 6ol132 161 64 22.5171 9 1:!.8~ 300211Sgo IIJO 2.7ZI ;;.04,42'0S J?'61 l·O,;J~ ·s:66 8•27 . . I 1 7 . I I I I I . " .g~o 302 1 2~5 ~~7 1541.jr6:{:7o1 8 4 ~~ · 71 243 1 3~4 149 72 zz.~ r7o9 IJJ~ ::io48[1616 ·;~93 z81o 53~·64! 48·98; 5.~·5~:·'.'9;~~ 6,o3 T86

.~ .. ") ~ ' ~.' r .; ~. ·. i " .... '· ' . ·.l T~BLE IV.7Si1owing the Causes of Death ·in Public Lunatic Asylums dUI·lhg the Year '1 ~So .

Cause ol Dcnlb. liio.les. · · ~'emolcs. Totru. __.;....;;·:.;.·::_· ---'------·---··------1------' ~ . ·~

Cerebral or ·spimil di~eases :- ..

:A p~plexy and paralysis ...... • . . .. s T 12 · and convulsions •...... ••• ... 3 3 General paresis •.• •. • . •. • .. . ,. • . •. 7 IZ s : Mal)iacal imd melancholic exhaustion or decay ...... · : .. 4 2 6 Inflammation and other diseases of the brain, softening, tumors, &c .•.. 62 22 84

.. I· Thoracic diseases :- .. I Inflammation of t.he lungs, p!eurm, and bronchi ...... 26 I 27 i Pulmonary consumption •...... 12 11 23 Dis~ase of. the heart... •.• ...... I 5 4 19

Abdomi9o.l disease~:- ; ' .. Iufl~mmo.tion and ulceration of the stomach, intestines, or peritoneum ... 4 5 9 Dys:entery and diarrhooa ...... •.. ..• . .• 5 ... 5 Bright's disease •. . ... ••• •. . ••• •· · I ' ... 1 Acute rheumatism ...... 1 I Gangrene of the log ...... I, l Pymmia• ...... 1 1 Cancer ' ...... 1 4 5 Suicide · ...... l ... 1 Died while on leavt) of absence ...... 5 6 1I

Total 149 22I .. .. 7

TABLE V .....;Showiug the Length of Residence of those Discharged Recovered, and of those who have · Died in the Public Lunatic Asylums, du'ring the Year 188o. ·

.. Recovered . Died. : .. .. Le~gtll of Rea!dence •. Males.' Females. Total. Males, Females. Total.

Under 1 month · ...... 10 2 12 7 '7 If From I to 3 months ...... 28 !6 44 13 2 IS .6 16 2 3 " " ...... 27 43 IS 17 " 6', 9 ...... 22 13 35 20 I 21 " 9 12 ,," ...... 21 18 39 18 8 26 " I " 2 years ...... 31 2S s6 23 14 37 " 2 " ...... IO ; Il 21 18 6 24 " 3 " " 3 s ...... I IO. 11 I I . . 10 ZI .. ", s "· 7' " ...... I 3 4 s s IO ... " 10 " ...... I I 2 '4 . 7 '" " s 9 .", -.10 ~, 12 ...... J. . ... I I 9 IO , I 2 ,, IS " ...... I ... I 6 ... 6 Over" I S years " ...... I I '8 3 II ------Total ...... IS4 116 270 149 I 72 221 t ... . ' ..

: ~ TABLE VI.-Showing the Ages of Admissions, Discharges, and Deaths during the Year ISSo in the Public Lunatic Asylums.

Dlschlll'ges: Admissions. Deaths. :Recovered .. :Removed, Relieved or AgC!l. . ' otherwise.

Males. Females. Total. Males. Females.! Totnl. ·Mn!es. jFemales. Totn!. Males. Females. Total. -----: ----- From 5 to 10 years ... 3 I 4 ...... 3 ... 3 ... . I I

~ ...,_. 2 .. I .. I L J . .. - I I ,, 1.0 " IS -" -·~· ·- . - 5 ... 7 ...... 20 ... 22 s IS ... 2 " IS " IS 37 7 3. 3 3 .. s 20 " 30 ... 67 S2 149 32 33 . 6s 16 35 SI 14 7 .~.I " 30 , 40 " ... 91 I 3 I 222 40 36 76 25. So 105 IS 19 34 " ·40·, so ";,·t ..... S4 119 203 34 23 57 33 54 S7 35 19 54 ;'', " ~ ...... ,.,. so·, 6o " t ~ 54 59 II3 19 5 24 14 43 57 34 10 44 ·" 6o 70 ... 26 26 52 5 2 7 I 14 15 22· .6 2S 70 " .So ",. 7 9 16 1 ... I ... 2 2 16 I 17 " So ", 90 ...... 2 2 ...... I ...' I 2 ...' 2 " 90 and upwards •.." ...... Un,lmown.. ·I: .... :. ' ..... 43 39 S2 15 9 24 .s .. il7 25 s 6 14 '• .. ., ------. .. -- .Total ...... 395 492 887 154 116 270 102 248 350 149 72 221 •I . '·

TABLE VIII.-Showing the Admissions, Re-admissions; Discharges, and Deaths during the Year· 1S8o in the Lunacy Wards.

~, Males. Females. Total.

In: the wards on 1st January 1 88o' ...... 2 ... 2 Admitted for the first time ...... 48' 26 74 Total under care during the yef!-'r ...... so 26 76

Males; Females. Total. Discharged, removed, &c. :- Recovered ...... 25 10 35 Transferred· ...... 21 J6 37 Died ...... 1 ... I - I ' ~~---- Total discharged, died, &c., during the year ... 47 26 i3 .. Remaining in the wards on the 31st P.ecember 188o} (inclusive of absent on trial, males and fe;nales) . 3' ... 3

~ l . " ... : 8 By reference to Table II. it will be seen that the following changes have taken place this year :-On the Ist January the number of registered lunatics on the books of the VHrious asylums was 3,oo2. . There were 508 new patients admitted, 39 re-admitted, 3I8 transferred, and 22 out of 23 escaped patients were retaken, giving the total under care 3,889, an increase of 279 on the previous year. The discharges were-removed, 270; improved, I2; not improved, r; transferred, 3I4; of whom 296 were sent from Yarra Bend and Kew to the , 2 IO died in the asylums, and I I while on leav.e of absence, the number remaining· on the J Ist December being 3;o48 ; and, in addition to these, there were I 7 patients· under care at Cremorne and the lunacy wards, making the total in the _colony 3,ci6 5, or 3'3 I per I,ooo of the population, estimated on that date at 925,5I3, this being a slight reduction on the previous year, when it was 3' 36. In England the proportion is 2 ·7 9 in each I,ooo (Thirty-fourth Report, Table II., page 11). In the l'>roportion is 2'74 per I,ooo (Report for I879, page 2). In· New Zealand (the Maori population being excluded) it was 2 '24 per I,ooo (Report for I 879, page I). In the Queensland asylums (Report for I879, page I), it is 2'29 per I,ooo, and in South Australia the proportion is only 2·05 per I,ooo (Report for I 879, page 6 ). The new admissions for the year were-to public asylums 54 7, to lunacy wards 74, of whom 37 were transferred to the public asylums and are included in the number 547; and to the licensed house 66; a total of 65o, or I in every I,423 persons, as against I in every I, 2 I 5 in the previous year. · . From Table No. Ill. it is seen that the proportion of persons recovered and relieved to the admissions is 5 I· 55 in each I oo, and the mortality 7 · 86 per I oo of the daily average numbers resident, both results being very satisfactory when compared to those of the previous year,. the former contributing somewhat to the very low increase that has t::~ken place in the twelve months under review. The causes· of death are-from cerebral or spinal diseases, 78 men and 39 women; thoracic diseases, 53 men and I 6 women ; abdominal diseases, IO men and 5 women ; I woman from acute rheumatism ; I woman from gangrene of the leg ; I man from pyremia ; I man and 4 women from cancer ; I man by suicide ; and 5 men and 6 women while on trial. The number of stated recoveries for the year is 2 70, out of 54 7 admissions, or 49·36 in each 100; and I find, by reference to the last report, No. 34, published by the English Commissioners in Lunacy, page 83, that "Excluding the. various idiot asylums as not receiving curable cases, and eliminating the transfers, the. total recoveries for the year I 879, as compared with the admissions, gives the percentages 37'25 for males and 43'54 for the females, or 40·5o for .both sexEls." In the reportfor I 879, issued by the Commissioners for Scotland, page xxviii, the proportion in the Royal and District asylums (eighteen in number) was 35'9 for males and 46·8 for females. In the private asylums (seven) it was 24 for males and 44'I for females. In parochial asylums 33'3 for males and 37'9 for females ; and in the lunatic wards of poor houses the proportion is so low as I4·6 for males and ro·8 for females. In the neighboring colonies the following figures are given :-New South 'Vales, 39·o8 ; New Zealand, 47'I I ; Queensland, 34·58 ; and South Australia, 36·4. The mortality, 7·86 on the average number resident, though somewhat less than in the previous year, when it was 8·27, will be found about equal to the average since I868, as during this period the highest ratio is that just quoted, and the lowest is 6·69, which is given for two years, I 872 and I 878. The total number. of persons ·under care was 3,889, and the mortalityeaJ.culated on these figures is 5·68 per cent. ·In England (Report 34, page 25, Table VI.), the mortality.on the daily average numbers resident is I o· 4 7.. per 100, and on the total number under treatment 8· ro. In the New South Wales asylums it was 6·47 on the average numbers resident, and 5'02 on the numbers treated. In New Zealand it was 7'07 on the numbers resident, and 5·46 on the numbers under care. In the Queensland asylums it was·6·99 on· the numbers resident, and 5'57 on those treated; and in the South Australian· establishments the ratios were I I· I ou the num hers resident, and 8 ·40 on those trea;ted. ·· Numbers Remaining and Increase.-On the 3 Ist December the actual number of patients in the asylums was 2,8o3, the increase for the year being only 46; and I 9 furnish the following information of the admissions and proportions per cent. of recoveries and deaths, as illustrftting their effect upon the yearly increase since I868 :-

1868.

Admissions ... • 582 53 1 I 555 577 587 Recoveries per 100 ... ·41·22 48'76 1'64 7 Mortality per Ioo .. . 6·8o 1 7'73 7'23 7'48 Remaining (increase) 276 1491 144 99 76

It is here seen that the admissions each year range from the minimum 53 I to the maximum 587, a difference of only s6 in the thirteen years, so that their influence upon the numbers remaining cannot be sufficient to account for either any important increase or reduction in the annual accumulation, but when the next line is examin'ed it is observed that from the' years I 868 to I 872, when the ratio of recoveries varied from 35'55 to 48·76, the average being 42·8o, the numbers added at the end of each year is. equal. to an annual increase of I g6f. During the next eight years, however, when the average admissions and mortality are nearly the same as in the preceding five, the rate of recoveries is much higher, ranging from 3T6I to 55'37, the average being 48·6o; the average number added at the end of each of these years is only g8-!, and, further, during the years I873, I874, 1875, 1876, and 188o, when the recoveries exceed so per cent. of the admissions, the annual accumulation is always under a total of 100; and, on the other hand, in the years 1877, 1878, and I 879, when the recoveries are somewhat under so per cent., the annual additions exceed Ioo persons. From these figures we see that although the admissions and mortality may slightly affect the yearly increase to the asylum population, yet the amount of increase in any particular. year is principally governed by the amount of recoveries in the same time. In 1879, when the admissions were 58 5, recoveries 37'6 I per cent. on the admissions, and deaths 8· 27 per cent. of the average numbers resident, the increase was 13 6, and in the present year, when the admissions were somewhat less, 547, the recoveries 51'55, and the mortality T 86, the annual increase only amounted to 46, and left on the 3 I st December 3,048 registered patients in the public institutions, of whom 24 5 were on probation. In Table No. V. it will also be seen that of those discharged recovered, 154 men and n6 women, no less than 108 men ap.d 65 women were discharged within the year, 3 I men and 2 5 women after periods of between one and two years' residence, and the remaining 41 were older patients. There is nothing specially calling for mention so far as regards the deaths, as it will be seen that they have occurred amongst all classes of residents, and the proportion of those admitted in the year is not unduly large. · Accommodation.-In my last Report I gave a return of _the number of patients under treatment, and the accommodation provided for them on the 31st December I 879, and now, owing to the small increase that has taken place in the past year, it will be seen that no material alteration has taken place beyond what has occurred by transfers to Suubury. In I 879 the number of patients under care was 2,768, and there was accommodation for 2,92 8, or available space for an increase of 16o persons. The following gives the numbers and accommodation on the 31st December I88o :- : Number of Patients. Accommodation .

Asylum. Males. Femnles. ._) Total. Males. Females. Total.

Yarra Bend ...... 470 251 721 479 242 721 Kew ...... fZI 324 745 .500 400 900 Ararat ...... 228 189 417 164 140 3°4 Beech worth ...... 253 193 446 294 190 484 Sunbury ...... 221 2 I 53 4i4 237 282 519 1·593 1,2 I 0 . 2,803 1,674 1,254 2,928 : I . 10 From this returiL:lt appears that on the· Jist December last there was avaihible'space in the present buildings for. 8 I men and 44 women in addition to those under care on the 3 I st December, hut it must be remembered tlutt on that date there were no less than 245 persons out of the asylums on trial, and although rio reduction has taken place in this direction since I 8 7 5, the numbers having increased· in that time from 1 I 2 to 24 5, yet in I 87 4 no less than 46 out of I 6o remaining from the previous year were . unexpectedly returned, and ariy such change taking place at this time would very much curtail the present vacancies for new patients. The Yarra Bend is a little overcrowded on the female side, but nothing to cause present inconvenience. · At Kew the numbers of both the male and female patients have been reduced considerably below the accommodation. At Ararat, however, no change has been made during the year ; there is considerable overcrowding there both on the male and female sides ; and at the Beechworth and .Stmhury Asylums there are still some vacancies for men and women. I did not think it absolutely necessary to make any tr~nsfers ·from Ararat during the past· year, as although it is very. desirable to make a reduction in that establishment, yet no urgent representation of immediate action being necessary was made, and it was desirable to avoid all but absolutely necessary expenditure in the department. In calculating space in these institutions it has been the practice for some years past to allow 500 cubie feet of sleeping room for 'each person in ordinary wards, and I ,ooo cubic feet in the hospital wards; and as I find that Mr. Hayter in his Year-Book for I 879-80 states, "Dr. Paley in his report on the Hospitals for the Insane for I 878 mentions 500 feet for each patient in ordinary wards and I ,ooo feet in hospital wards as the proper allowance," it may, perhaps, he well to point out that when these figures were first adopted in the department in .connection with the Report for I 873 the following reasons were given for taking ~o low a standard. "In calculating the space for the accommodation . Of patients, I have adopted the smallest scale . allowed for a similar class of patients in England." This scale was first used by Dr. Robertson, who was Acting Inspector during the time of my absence in England, and I believe. ~he space he quoted as the lowest was that provided for patients in lunacy wards of workhouses, not that for patients in lunatic asylums proper. Though always making use of these figures, I have not absolutely adopted them as perfectly suitable for this colony, and bearing in mind the pressure for additional room that has ·been felt for many years past, I never thought of asking for more, but used every endeavour· to carry on the a~ministration of the department with that amount, which is very much below the standard adoptec;l by the Boa:rd of Health, and below even every public institution in the colony except ·one, the Eye and Ear Hospital, which contains only 4 dormitories and 22 beds. The Central Board of Health in their regulations give I,ioo cubic feet to each individual in the· ward of a hospital or other institution of a like nature ; and I find that in the gene~al hospitals throughout the colony the average accommodation provided for each person is 1,072 cubic feet, in the Lying-in-Hospital I 1 I32 feet, in the Blind Asylum 1,104 feet, and in all the otht:r charita.ble institutions the amount varies, gradually decreasing to 57 5 feet in the lunatic asylums. Observing the great dis~ crepancy that exists in the figures quoted by Mr. Hayter, it is important to know the basis upon which calculations are made in these institutions, as I am under the in1pression that in many of them-perhaps in all ,except the asylums for the insane-itis the practice to take into consideration the full space of the day rooms as well as the sleeping. rooms in· computing accommodation. In order, however,_ to furnish full information on this point in regard to these asylums, the ·following figures f

normitories and single sle~piug rooms. Day rooms.

! Allowance Estimated Asylum. for amount of DOrmi­ Cubic Single· Cubic i' Total cubic hospital sleeplug ac- Cubic tories. contents of rooms .. contents of contents of at: space. commodation. Wards. contents of all No. dormitories. No~ single rooms. sleeping rooms. - dAy rooms. No. of No. of · ~atients. patients . . ~-----··-~-~ ---1----1---1----1------1--1--- . '. Y arra Bend' ... 144 J4.z,z76.. ISO IZ I ,o87 463,363 i 13 7ZI 33 Z.7Z,515 Kew ... 44 46z,3z7 · 186 I8f,95Z 647,279 ,IOZ 90~ I6.. 4~8,893 Ararat •.. 30 I36,973 6o 57,548 194,521 · 30 394 10 219,599 Beechworth .. . zS zq,on 98 97,658 3Io,7z9 40 484 13 307,669 Sunlmry .. . J 1 .zs z65,o39 I8 z3,4oo z88,439 1 z9 5 9 .IS 150,0S7 ·Total ... -.-..-l--.- .. -,1,904,33 I _,-.-.-••-I-Z,-9-ZS-_.-'! ... l,438,733 H

li'rom these it will be seen that, after mal~ing allowances f(w single i'ooins and hospi~ls·,~ there is sleeping space in all the buildings for 2,92 8 patients, allowing each 500' cubic fe.et in the ordinary wards and I ,boo cubic feet in the hospitals. The total space il'i'''the·. sleeping rooms is I,go4,331 cubic feet, and of the day rooms 1,438,733 cubic feet, or an average of· I, 142 for each patient ; and, in. addition, the wards are· provided with store-rooms, bath-rooms, sculleries, and lavatories, the measureirii:mt of which is not taken into account. The warders' rooms are also excluded, and there is no spact; taken into consideration except that occupied by the patients. · The figures given for Kew show space for I,oo8 patients; but as the full height of thero.;>m's has been takeri in making the calculation, and having found by experience that the floor space of the dormitories was not. sufficient for the proper accommodation of the beds, I made reduction to 9oo, as given in the return. At Sunbury, where there will be ve,ry few hospital cases, if this class of accommodation is excluded, it might be possible to:provid'e. for some extra patients. ;-- · . · · - · , The Sunbury Asylum was handed· over to me ready for occupation by,.ma]~ patients on the rst December 1879, hut during the following six monthsdis-. the. remainder of the building was made cready for use, I was able to reduce 'all over- crowding in the metropolitan asylums; · . : · · . .. · .. · . . ,:,· .: In England the Commissioners in Lunacy-have fixed the miniirium of sleepiri~f space at 6oo cubic feet to each patient in ordinary wards of lunatic· asylums, and I,ooo cubic feet in the hospitals; and if it were practicable to obtain, either by additional buildings or by the adoption of the boarding-out system as a means of reducing the:· present number of inmates, that amount of accommodation for the patients in-:our asylums, I think such a scale might be advantageously adopted in Victoria. , ·· · . .; . Not any of the .various works that were mentioned in my Rep,o:rt for 1879 as· being necessary to ensure accommodation for the future have as y~t. Heen dealt with,, and, as I am still of opinion that they should at least be considered in any scheme for the purpose, I again beg to. bring them under notice. "To make. separate provision for criminal lunatics, to provide one or two detached cottages at Y arra Bend, and to erect a number of single rooms attached to tw.Q ·of the large wards at the. s~tn!<;l establishment. For so.me time past the wa:pt of single rooms has been greatly felt both at the Y arra Bend and Kew Asylums;· o'ut, as I do not think it· advisable ·to increase the size .of. Kew,J have sugge~ted that ~ll the extra space required i,11 .the Melbo'urne district at present should·:, be·. p:t'ovided at Yarra Bend. * : *i: " • '$ • . When .. the B~llarat Asylur,n "Ya.s. opeJ?ed, on the 29th August ~ 877! ;I p1:~po,s~,~ removmg to It all the young. IdiOts from the other asylums, and m~lnrig a,n_ effort to ameliorate their condition .. after collecting them together in· the' new building, an'd entirely separating them from the adults; bu:t in.r 878,-in consequ~Iice,of1the withdraw~! of the feinales from this pl:;tce, and the uncertainty. of being able t.o retain possessio'n of the building as an asylum, I decided to make np further transfers to it, and I now reg:et to say that I have been utterly ~nable ~9:(;a,ry out my vie~s .respecting the~e patients. If, however, my recommendatwnJo ere.;:t cottages at the 1' arra· Bend Asylum should be carried out, I will still endeav~Jtir-to make the separation, and see what 'can be done towards training them up to. sori1e kind of work. · · To provide space for· the excess in num hers at Ararat * · * * to construct the following buildings ;-:o:r' { 1) detached hospital in· each division tp receive Jo men ( 10 in single roorps), an(2q;> women ( 5 in single rooms) ; ( 2) a cottage at the . homestead for 20 .farm workers, with attendants ; ( 3) a cottage' for 20 nutle imbeciles and idiots, with•: attendants. I would·further suggest the erection of a cottage for 20 women,, so :sitt1-ated .in .. the reserve that it might form one of a series to be constrticted'~fhnn '·ti,me·. to. time according to necessi~y. This would effectually relieve the" overcro\vding and1 pro'\ide a little margin for i1i(:rease of numbers. • · It Inay be convenient that I should take the opportunity of stating here my firw conviction that to add small cottage buildings' .to each of'the existing establishment~. from time to time is .a f3:r better and ~ore economical plan of providing. fo':r: irici'e~si~g numbers than pmlt1plymg asylums m the colony, for thus, by a moderate outlay, patients would be so placed that. they could be managed by the ~xisting administrative staff; ·with the additional help of only a small number of wardyrs, w.hereas every additional asylum entails large extra expense inits separat~ adininisti'ation." ·:· · · .: Patients on Proba~imi.-On the 1st .Januarythe total number on ..probation'was 234-107 men and 127' women. During the year 293 additional .pntients-.149 men ;:t:Pd ~44 wom<;n-vvt;:re ;1llowed tp kfLY0 the asylums, giving a total of 527~256 JDen . . 12 and 2 7 1 women-who were absent from various periods during the twelve months. The number of those who were discharged recovered was 129-62 men and 67 women; relieved, 6-3 men and 3 women; died, r 1-5 men and 6 women; and 70 men and 66 :women returned when their leave had expired. On the 3rst December 245-II6 men and r 29 women~remained under care of their friends outside the asylums. In many of my previous Reports I have .urged that, in order to provide for the constantly increasing number of insane persons who require to be placed under care, the boarding-out system should receive a trial, as, judging from the number of patients who are constantly out of the asylums under the care of their friends and relatives, as provided by the 6oth section of the Lunacy. Statute, and upon whom ff}lls the entire burden of their maintenance, it is considered probable that a much greater number could be placed out in the same way if a small sum were paid by the Government towards their cost in private houses. There is nothing new to be urged upon this subject ; but seeing how soon it will again be absolutely necessary to make some extra provision for the growing insane population of the colony, I think this matter deserves immediate attention. If, as I anticipate, material increase can be made to the number on trial by a system of payment, the result will he practically the making of all necessary provision for future increase in the most inexpensive manner. The space many patients now occupy in the existing buildings would be rendered vacant for the receptiQn of new cases, and may not be filled up for a considerable time to come. Patients Received .fiom Gaols, Hospitals, and Benevolent Asylums.-! furnish the following information respecting these patients :-. .

Name cl (Initial). .SI·I ~El From whence received. ~Ientnl Condition. Bodily Condition. I ltesult. ~ .&: <"' ------~ ----·------J.F. 5% Melbourne Gaol ... , with general pa· In feeble bodily health, and Died ralysis has an old cicatrix on back of right leg and ulceration of leg in same part C.J. J6 Ditto Mania In good bodily health and con· Recovered dition E. F. [ 49 Ditto Delusional insanity In delicate bodily health and Still an inmate feeble condition J.S. 40 Ditto Fair bodily health and condi- Ditto tion, but has sores about the sacrum F. G. B .... 45 Ditto Dementia and general In feeble bodily health, but Ditto paralysis and has delu- fair condition sions E. A. ... 51 Ditto Religious mania with de- In good bodily health and con- Ditto lusions dition M.C.McM. Ditto Religious mania and sui- In fair bodily health and thin Ditto cidal condition E. F. 37 Ditto Delusional insanity In satisfactory bodily state ... Ditto M. G. ... z6 Ditto Mania Delicate ; has wounds on Ditto · right wrist and bend of left arm, self-inflicted .prior to admission H. E.• ... Ditto Chronic mania Of average powers Ditto W.B. ... 55 Ditto Epileptic mania Delicate •.• Ditto A.S. 2.3 Ditto Parthtl dementia In a satisfactory state Ditto H.S.H.... Ditto Congenital imbecility Of average powers Ditto E.R. 17 Ditto Dementia In good bodily health and con- Ditto dition G. D. 64 Ditto ... Imbecile In feeble bodily health and Ditto condition J. c. 45 Ditto Delusional insanity Of average powers Ditto G.R. 66 Ditto Dementia In feeble and delicate bodily Died health, and severe cough and diarrhrea A.H.W. Ditto · Dementia Feeble and emaciated Still an inmate P.B. ... 57 Sandhurst Gaol Dementia In feeble bodily health and Died poor condition A.D.... 69 Geelong Gaol Mania Delicate, and has injury of Recovered the ribs on the left side from a fall on board ship at Wil- liamstown P.J. zS Ditto Mania Delicate ... Still an inmate J.D. 6o Ditto Mania Of avera.ge powers Died M.McQ. 36 Ditto Dementia Delicate Stilhn inmate M. D. 69 Ditto Mania In good bodily health and con- Ditto dition .A..S. 40 Ditto Dementia In a feeble state and has ge- Ditto neral paralysis J.P. i 34 Kyneton Gaol Mania-a-potu ... Of average powers Recovered A.Y. 40 Castlemaine Gaol ••• Delusional insanity Delicate ... Still an inmate T.M. zS Ditto Imbecility Of average povvers Ditto F.O. 30 Melbourne Hospital Dementia In feeble bodily health and Ditto poor condition, and also lame from an old injury to the right hip 13

PATIENTS Received from Gaols, Hospitals, and Benevolent Asylums-continuea.

I • I Name ~ I j ., I (Initial). !ti From ~hence received. Mental Coud!tlon . Bodily Condition. Result. ----- :;a·~------·------T.P. ... I ... I7 Melbourne Ho~pital Dementia ...... In delicate bodily health and Recovered poor condition G.P. ... I ... 34 Ditto ...... Dementia ...... In a very feeble sta.te and has Still an inmate paraplegia A. G.· ...... I 41 Ditto ...... Dementia ...... Much enfeebled by paralysis Died M. D...... I 40 Ditto ...... Delusional insanity ... In a feeble state, and has cur- Still an inmate vature of the spine, with partial paraplegia E. B...... I 19 Ditto ...... Hysterical mania ... Delicate ...... Ditto J. McL.... I ... 36 Alfred Hospital ... Reported to suffer from In feeble and delicate bodily Died and epilepsy, health and poor condition ; but insanity cannot. be has hemiplegia of left side, traced, and has had no and one ugly unhealthy sore fits as yet on the top of his head, where it is said the bone was trephined, Is completely bedridden M.R...... I 24 Lying-in Hospital ... Puerperal mania ... In a feeble state ... Still an inmate T.F. ... I ... 45 Benevolent Asylum Delusional insanity ... Delicate, and has lost his sight Ditto from the effects of a gun- powder accident five years ago E. B...... I 46 Ditto ...... Dementia ...... In feeble state ; has disease Ditto of the heart F. V. ... I ... 29 Ditto ...... Dementia ...... Much enfeebled by paralysis Ditto R.F. ... I ... so Immigrants' Home Mania ...... Feeble ; has chronic disease Died of the lungs E. M...... 1 3I Ditto ...... Mania, epileptic ... Of average powers ... Still an inmate H.B.R.... I ... 55 mtto ...... Del usional insanity ... Delicate ...... Died c. c...... I 52 Ditto ...... Delusional insanity ... Of average powers ... Still an inmate D. D. ... I ... 27 Penal Department... Shows no sign of insanity In a satisfactory state .. . Ditto at present, but, consider- ing his prev:ious history at Pentridge, it is pro- posed to keep him under observation for a time W.O'B .... I ... 40 Ditto ...... Religious mania ... Feeble and delicate, and has Ditto a bad sore on the right but- tock .and old cicatrix on left b1·east J.A. ... I ... 30 Ditto ...... Mania ...... In feeble state ...... Ditto G. F. ... I ... 15 Geelong Orphan Idiot ...... Paralysed, with great distor- Died Asylum tion of the lower limbs, and superficial bed-sores on ad- mission· A.S...... I 19 Abbotsford Convent Dementia ...... In a feeble state ...... Still an inmate R.H...... I 42 Melbourne Home Delusional insanity ... Delicate ...... Ditto G.W. ... I ... 6o Pleasant Creek Hos- Dementia ...... In feeble bodily health .. . Ditto pital G. G. ... I ... 45 Ditto ...... Dementia ...... In feeble bodily health ... Ditto E.J...... I 75 Ballarat Benevolent Dementia ...... In feeble bodily health ... Ditto Asylum R.W. ... I ... 72 Ditto ...... Dementia ...... In feeble bodily health .. . Ditto J.G. ... I ... 76 Ditto ...... Dementia ...... Died the day after admission Died J. J. s.... I ... 63 Ararat Gaol . ... Dement.ia ...... Paralysed, and in very feeble Ditto health H. c...... I ... Ballarat Hos;rital .•• Dementia ...... In feeble bodily health ... Still an inmate J. B. ••"• ... I ... Ballarat Gao ... Mania ...... Good bodily health .. . Ditto W.J. ... I ... 42. Ditto ...... Mania ...... Good bodily health .. . Ditto L.McK.... I ... so Amherst Ho4ital .•• General paralysis ... In feeble bodily health ... Ditto W.D. ... I ... 35 Beechw.orth aol ... Paralytic dementia ... Unsatisfactory state of bodily Died health A.P. ... I ...... Ditto ...... Melancholia .. . Good bodily health ... Still an inmate J.B. ... I ... 70 Ovens District Hos- Delusional insanity ... Died from chronic disease of Died pi tal the heart four days after ' admission H.S. ... I ... so Castlemaine Benevo- Dementia ...... Feeble and bedridden ... Ditto lent Asylum R. M...... I 2.0 Melbourne Orphan- Imbecile ...... In good health ...... Still an inmate age H. C. ... I ... I8 Industrial School, Partially demented ... Epileptic ...... Ditto Melbourne

· The total is 6 5, including one man who was brought by the police, but who had only been discharged from a public hospital about a week prior to his admission to the lunatic asylum ; 36 were received from the gaols, 19 from hospitals and bene· volent asylums, I from the Lying-in Hospital, 4 from the Immigrants' Home, 3 from orphanages and the Industrial and Reformatory Schools, I from the Abbotsford. Convent, and I from the Melbourne Home. No less than 20 of them wm·e over so years of age at the time of admission, and I 4 between 40 and so years-many in advanced stages of bodily disease. Only 4 men were discharged recovered, and 14 died before the end of the year. · Prisoners, ,who. beconie insane are transferred fi·om o·aols .to lunatic a.svlums under authority· of your -'warrant,· but .inmat~s ·of other p~blic i~stitutions ar~ sent on an order and certificates in accordance with section I I of the Lunacy St.:

, .. ·, cosT oF MAINTENANcE. •r' ; ,,;• TABLE vni.,Sh6wing the" Total. Receipts and." Exp~nditure of the. r)'~partment: of Hospitals. fOI' the , , .. ,,, . ·:; , . ; . , " Insane dm:ing the Year 1 88o. r, .. ~ · :· ~ o: o>,.J>u:r · · Receipts. •' : t. • L • ..... f 1 .. " I , , ·,· • , : .. : ·. \, • •• ;·:t' ;/ ''·•', ,\ • •,f ''1 ;i,, ... J' •,.::'!; Collections made by the Mastcr-in-Lunncy.'for maintenance·of patients at- •": .£' s.. (f Yarra iBend Lunatic Asylum .. i·• •· .... · I;8551 2 I I Kew ' ,, · ,~::..:·: .·: · ... , . ''·· I ,4 I 7 I 3 :I 0 ., ' t' • ~~ • I • t '+ • Ararat , 275 0 7 Beechworth· · , '· 499 \6 II ·sunbury:-; · · , , . · If! I 8 0 Amount of fi'nes and sales, &c. p8 15 I 8

;>:I Total

Expenditure. . £ s. d. General expenses . . . · .. . . I, $09 I . 5 J14aintenancc Yarra Bend Asylurp .. . · ..... 26,3I3 7 10 , · J{cw · ,' , 23;286 12 8 , Ararat , 13,107 6 0 , .Beechworth ,; ·I 3,496 If 9· ,.. . ,,· ... 'Sunb.ury .·. ,, . . :. 9,504 2 , Lunacy Ward, Castlemainc ·54 3. o· , , Sandhurst !62 0 0 ; •: · ', · · . . · , · · -; Gee long .. . . . : . . . · ... 62. S o E;iP,\'ln~e.s in c.onl1~et,ion with COIIlm~ttals of lunatics from J~!Y to Dece~ber 6fi If 9

<:. •"'' ~ 1:: ,•;: t 1, "f( ~.8,137 7 6

TABLE r::x:..:..."showing"thc Total" Cost bf Maintenance against each,Asyiu_tn,_ the Sums Expended .against .. .'::.!.'. ,· .• , i . , each Vote, :mul the ~rl1~nnt of General E.ftp.erises, for the Y ?ar I 88o. _ ·

J)ail)' Fees to Allowance. to Allowance to rrovislons fl n!l .Averag-e 'fotnl Cost of ~nlrtrics. Lunatic Asylum. Ntlmbcrs !\lnintcnn.11CC. Ofllcln I Y!sltors. Stewards. Chaplains. l~xtra Articles. ' Hcsidcnt. "" -. - -· ------·------. ·. .£ ..,, .. ,.,£ . . s. ·d. s . d. £ ·•S. d . £ s.d.- £ s. d, .£ s. d. 7,i .. a_ 10 2 Y aria· B;en.il ... 78~ . z6,3 '!·3 I 1,542 1 I 7. ... ·65 0 0 74 8 6,9?-0 ·4 10 6;8~6 11 KeW:\.;.i, ... .s1 8 · -23,286 IZ 8 10,12 I 16 4 ••5' 35 '• 0 0 74 8 9 Iq9 8 10 :1.' Ararat ... 'LJ-07 . I 3,~07 6 0 s,sn 0 3 ...... 4·378• . s ;\ 0 0 66 13 6 4,502 IO 2 Bcechw~vth ... '· 45& 13,496 14 9 6, Ill .19 0 ... 35 . I - ... 62 I 8 0 Sp.nb,~i~,: . , ... ,)45 9.5°4 2 1 i z,641 4 ... 3> 57 3 3 I s I - . I ...... \" Gell(ii:al 'expenses ... I,S09 so8 6 8 8f8 ol { ' ~ . . ' . . . '1·- -·------; 2 I 0 I .8 25.744 8 I ·Total '" .... 2,810' 8 7,21. 7--:;-;1 39,soz I 5 8f8 o[1·3s 0 1387

'·' l ·'' TABLE IX.-Showing the Total Cost of Maiutcmauee, &e.-contln·aed.

Clothtng-, HclhHng l\!cdicnl Lunatic Asylum. 1 Fuel, I~lght, nuu : ·~tcllicincS nud and .:\Iaterhtis Stores. "·ratcr. ::\Icdical Comforts. :F'oragc. Incidcntnls. AUcndnuce for :i\Innufnc:turc. i Suubuty+ --- --· £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ .~. d. I £ s; d. £ s . d. £ s. d. y arra Bend 3,206 If 7! 827 If 2 2,532 8 10 8fO 5 10 f6 I2 f 257 12 f ... K ew ... 2,2f8 3 f 574 5 8 2,0I3 17 3 897 9 3 8f 17 3 35° flO ... A rarat ... I, I :fi 0 10 278 I I 1 I,09I 3 3 341 0 3 f5 1 lO I65 17 3 ... B ee\)hworth I,J37 3 I 369 I6 6 695. 9 0 If5 IO 8 ss 3 0 17f 910 ... sunbury ... 2,327 8 I 64f 10 0 535 0 0 f IO 2 32 6 9 200 OIO *338 !6 8 G'cneral ex-

1 ! I ••• ' I2 . penses. ... !______I 3 I 2 ...... I ...... I39 7 ... ------I I , Total .... ,10,240 9 I I 2,707 I 5 7 6,86? ~12,228 I6 2 !267 -I-2-~ I,287 17 8 ..... I "' Included in Sunbury salaries.

'''

TABLE X.-;-:~howing the Avemge Weekly Cost of Patients for the Year 188o.

Dally Clothlug. Lunntlc Asylum. Average .Total Cost of I Salaries. ! Allownnoo to Allowance to I Provisions n~

Fuel, IAght, and \ ~fediclnes nnd I Lnn11tic Asylum. Stores. ., Water.. ! Medical Gomtorts. . ~'oruge. Incidentals. Weekly Cost. -. --·---.------.---~-·-.--.-- --,------,---:------1---·--- £ s. d. £ J· d •. £ s. d. £ s:· d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Yarra Bend ... 0 0 5 0 I 3 0 0 ; 0 0 o;t 0. 0 lt 0 IZ IIt Kew ... 0 0 3! 0 0 I It 0 0 5 0 0 o! 0 0 2 0 IO IIt Ararat ... 0 .0 lt 0 I o! 0 0 3~ 0 0 0 0 If 0 I2 4a Beech worth ... 6. 0 0 0 0 .o It 0 0 102 0 0 Ifi 0 I I 3~ 7 I I f Sun bury- 0 S.l .0 0 0 I 0 ... .o 2 7! ! ... 0 ot I 2j/; 0 10 7 ; -.------·1-----·1------~1---·-- Total ...... 0 11 8! General expenses ...... 0 0 24.l' j

- . ' Amount collected 15y the Master-in~Luriacy for maintenance at_; £ s:· a: Yarra Bend Lunatic Asylum.. · ...... I ,8 55 2 11 Kew Lunatic Asylum ... ' ...... I,fi7 I3 IO Ararat Lunatic Asylum ...... 275 0 7 Beechworth Lunatic Asylum ...... f99 6 I I Sunbury Lunatic Asylum ...... If! 18 0

Total ... £f,I89 2 3 0 0 6~ ------Average weekly cost of patients in public asylums, less amounts of maintenance collections and.general expenses ...... 0 II Z . I '

,. The total cost.ofmaintenance in the year I 879, for an average of 2, 72 I patients, was £89,2 I 8, and th~ general expenses amounted to £I ,470 2s. 1 od. In the present year, for an average of 2,810, m· increase of 89 pcrsonsl the cost was only £85,708 Js. 4d., a reduction of £3,509 I 6s. 8d. ; the general expenses £I,509 Is. 5d., an increase of £38 I8s. 7d.; or a total reduction of £3,470 r8s. rd. In I879 the avcrarre weekly 0 maintenance rate was r 2s. 7id. per patient; in the present year it is only 1 IS. 8id., a reducti9n of IOtd~ per week for 2,8Io persons, and eqmtl to £6,392 I ss. for iliev~~ · \ ol The following tabulated return shows how this decrease has occurred:- : Item. 1879 1880. Increase. Decrease.

--·----~-~ -~·

£ 8. d. £ 8. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Salaries ...... 3·bf90 I I 35.99f 8 6 I,50f 7 5 ... Allowance to stewards ... I35 0 0 I35 0 0 ...... Allowance to chaplains ... Z93 3 IO 387 I 8 93 I7 IO ... Provisions, &c...... Z9,7If 3 0 z5,744 8 I ... 3,969 If 11 Clothing, &c...... to, I 98 5 8 IO,ZfO 9 I I fZ f 3 ... Stores ...... z,8z6 3 I z,69f If 5 ... I 3 I 8 8 Fuel, light, and water ... 7, I I Z f 6 6,867 I8 f ... 24f 6 z Medicines, &c...... z,75 I z 5 z,zz8 I6 z ... 5Z2 6 3 Forage ...... 325 2 7 .2.67 I z ... 58 I 5 Incidentals ...... I,372 13 IO I,lf8 5 I ... 22f 8 9 General expenses ...... I,f70 2 10 1,509 I 5 38 IS 7 ...

Total ...... 1,679 8 I 5·150 6 2. Less increase ...... 1,679 8 I

Total decrease ...... 3>f70 18 I

It appears that a total increase of £t,5o4 7s. sd. has been made to th~ expenditure under the head of salaries. When compared with the tables for the preceding year, it will be seen that· increase has only taken place at the Ararat, Beechworth, and Sunbury Asylums ; at the two former establishments it was due to the payment of annual increments to the staff, and' at Sunbury to the fact that a number of warders were transferred to it from Yarra Bend and Kew, with patients, and to the filling up of some new offices. The reductions at Y arra .Bend and Kew are due to the transfer of staff to Sun bury; but, on the whole, the total increase has occurred by increments to salaries throughout the department and increased staff in the new asylum at Sunbury. The increase in the chaplains' expenses is entirely due to the fact that additional (Presbyterian) clergymen were appointed during the year, and in some instances, where tl1ey were performing the duties before official appoint· ment, they were paid for service in I 879, which had either to be included in the cost this year or altogether omitted. The other increases are principally o'ving to the addition that has taken place in the number of patients. The principal reduction has taken place in the expenditure under the head of " Provisions and extra articles," and it is mainly the result of the unusually low rates at which supplies were procured und~r the various contracts since the 1st July.· In June, at the older and higher rates, for thirty days' rations and other necessary expenses the cost was £2,3 I 6 6s. 6d.; and in July, for thirty-one days and slight increase in numbers, the cost was only £1,956 I Ss. 10d.; and in December, notwithstanding some further increase of numbers, the expenditure was further reduced to £I ,94 7 I 6s. 2d. The following shows the cost of each asylum for the past seven years, and perhaps will illustrate in a tolerably clear numner what reductions are gradually being made in the average maintenance cost:-

Cost per Pntiert per week. - ! 187"4. 1875. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880.

s. d. s. d. s. d. 8. d. .~. d. s. d. 8. d. Ynrra Bend ...... 14 7t If 7! 15 Of 15 5 If 10§ 13 zt IZ lit Kew ...... 15 3 11 11 IZ Of IZ 3 12 8 I2 0 10 IIt Ararat ...... I4 5! 15 t! 15 94 I6 ff I 5 Si I 3 71 u f! Beechworth ...... 14 ro! !6 l I2 ut I3 1ot 12 IO 12 z! 11 f Sunbury and Ballarat ...... 18 9~ I I 5 IO 7

A ver11ge over all ... If 10 I 3 Ioi 13 8! If 2-} If 0~ IZ 7i I I 8~ Do. do. do., less collec- IZ Ot' 11 1. tions ...... I4 f! I I 3 4~ I 13 of I 3 6~ I 13 ft

Though there are large differences m the maintenance rates of the various asylums that are attrilmtable to a variety of causes, the reduction· that has taken place in the average. cost. is deserving of notice, as in I 874 it was (without any 17 deduction) IfS. 10d. for each patient per week, and in the present year it is only IIS. 8-!d. In 1877 and 1878, when the maintenance rate ·was somewhat higher than in the two preceding years, it is explained that such increase was in a great measure due to the opening of the new asylum for harmless imbeciles and idiots at Ballarat, where the maintenance in I 87 8 was so high as 18s. 9-id. per week. This establishment was broken up in r 879, and transferred to Sunbury, where the cost of maintenance was reduced to liS. 5d. in 1879, and to lOS. 7d. in r88o. It is impossible, however, up to the present time, to give a reliable statement of the cost of this new asylum, as the building was only partially filled this year; and, in addition to the stock that bad to be purchased for its use, it was necessary to send to it surplus goods from other asylums, as much for the purpose of reducing stock where it was not immediately required as for the purpose of saving expense in connection with the newly opened asylum. As further showing the directions in which both increase and reduction of expenses are annually taking place, I furnish the two following returns:-

RETURN OF EXPENDITURE FROM -1S73 TO ISSo.

Average Year. Numbers Total Expenses. Salaries. Fees to Otllctnl Allowance Allowance Resident. Visitors. to Stewards. to Chnplnins.

£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. IS73 2,2 55 S2,SS 1 19 11 27,54S I 5 I I S66 5 3 IS2 6 I 215 I 6 IS74 2,270 S9,I69 I I 0 2 9·2 2 l 7 4 900 0 0 135 0 0 ISO 0 0 IS75 2.377 S7,291 !6 9 30,476 10 3 S99 19 I I I35 0 0 327 10 0 IS76 2,4-7 I s9,6I7 9 7 3I,8S4 0 6 S99 I9 10 135 0 0 260 0 0 IS77 2,541 9 5.397 I2 6 32,97S 3 2 S?O 6 2 135 0 0 257 IO ·O IS7S 2,645 9S,ozS I? 5 34·245 I6 9 935 12 6 I35 0 0 262 IO 0 IS79 2,72 I 9o,68S 2 10 J4,9S2 !6 4 9 19 4 4 I 3 5 0 0 293 3 IO 1SSo 2,S1o . S7,2 I? 4 9 36,502 15 2 S4S I 0 I35 0 0 3S7 I s

I Ycnr. Provisions, &c. Clothing and Stores. Fuel, I..ight, and 1\Iedicincs, &c. Forngc. Incidentals. Bedding, &c. Water. ------I ------£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d.' £ s. d. £ s. d. IS73 23,225 4 10 IO,S99 I 3 3>05 I I 2 7 5·999 19 I 3,696 12 s 206 I 7 99° 19 2 IS74 2 5.997 I! 3 19,242 6 I 3,2oS 6 3 6,122 0 s 3,205 17 11 248 5 10 735 I 5 s IS75 2 5,91 I 11 0 I5,I9S 4 2 3,025 I 3 5 7>443 19 s 2,815 I 5 6 260 s 4 797 4 6 IS76 2S,326 IS 7 14·499 I 3 5 3,012 I 3 9 7,o6S 3 5 2,oS6 6 11 27S I 5 I! I, 171 I? 3 IS77 31,65 I I! 4 14,66! 19 10 3,1 ss 2 11 7,520 0 4 2,607 17 2 3°5 12 9 1,251 s IO IS7S 3 1·957 10 I 14.4 13 s 7 3,59 I I4 7 7,S92 0 5 2,923 12 7 303 IS s I,367 I3 3 . IS79 29·7 14 3 0 IO,I9S 5 s 2,82S I 7 7,1 I 2 4 6 2,7 51 2 5 325 2 7 I,42S IS 7 ISSo 25,744 s I 10,240 9 11 2,707 I 5 7 . 6,S67 IS 4 2,22S !6 2 267 I z I,287 I? s

RETURN showing the Amount of Departmental Expenditure authorized by the Government, and the Amount under my control.

Year. Daily Averngc. Total Expenditure. Amount of Expenditure not Amount of Expenditure under under control. control.

£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. IS73 ... 2,255 S2,SS1 19 I! 49,037 13 7 33,S44 6 4 IS74 ... 2,270 s9,I69 11 0 53.506 IS 7 35,662 I 2 5 IS75 ... 2.377 S7,291 16 9 54.750 11 2 32.541 5 7 IS76 ... 2,471 s9,6I7 9 7 5S,5o5 IS 11 31,1 I I IO s !877 ... 2,54I 9 5·397 12 6 62,S92 10 s 32,5o5 I IO IS7S ... 2,645 98,ozS 17 5 64,536 9 4 33.492 s I IS79 ... 2,72 I 9o,68S z 10 63,4ZS 6 s 27. 259 16 2 1SSo ... 2,810 8?,2 17 4 9 6o,617 5 I I 26,599 IS 10

From the first it is seen that maintenance has increased from £82,881 r9s. 1 rd. in I 87J to £87,217 fS. 9d. in I88o, the maximum total in 1878 being £98,028 IJS. 5d., and thnt in the last two years very brge reductions have been made. The expenses of sn bTies, provisions,. fu~J, forage, and incidentals ~1~ve been gradually increasing each year ; but, consrdenng the brge annual addiilOJlS to the average numbers resident, from 2, 2 55 in 1 87 3 to 2, 8 r o in the present year, such increase is ouly reasonable. It is also to be observed that there are lnrge reductions in the cost No. 74. B 18

of .clothing nnd bedding, iito;·es., and of metlieiues. Tn ·the year I S74, ·when ail increase occurred in the cost of clothing·, it wa::; due to the provi~ion that had to be made for the Kew Asylum then being filled up, and to 'Which establishment there were· . transfened 3 7 8 IM.tients in I 87 3, and no less thnu 469 new cases were admitted to it in the following year. The inerease in forage is due to purchase of horses for new asylums ; the increase in the cost of fuel, light, and water is also due to the opening. of new establishments; and the decrease from £7,892 OS. 5d. in 1878 to £7,I I2 4S. 6d. in I 8 7 9 was owing to this-that. scarcely any fire,vood wa& purchased at Kew, the necessary supply having been obtained by clearing up the reserve of dead and fallen timber. -· In the second return I have endeavoured to show as nearly as possible the exact direction in which the departmental· expenditure is always increasing~ and for that purpose I have phtced side by rsiile for each y.ear the total of those expenses which are incurred under·approvedregulntions·sanctioned by the Government with those which· I regard as being under my own control. . The former are salaries, allowances to chaplains and stewanls, fees to officL'll visitors, and· provisions in accordance with the authorized scale ; and it need scarcely be stated that over any of those items I can exercise no control whatever--my duty here is simply to pay the money as it becomes clue. · The totals of these expenses appear iu the column "Amount of expenditure· tiot ·under ·control," and it· is shown in the clearest mariner possible that they have · been i,iicreased each year up to' I 879and I 88o, when reductions haye been made .that. are in a great measure due to the low rates at which contracts ~mve been taken up for· the supply of bread, meat, potatoes, general groceries, and some other artieles. In the o~her column, however, " A mount of expenditure under control,'' .it. is to he obser:ved that, notwithstnnding an iiwrease of 55 5 patients in eight years, those. expenses under ~ny control-in fact in the only direction open to me for the purpose of exercising any economy ·of management-! have effected a reduction in the' annual COSt ofthe department from £35,662 I 2S. 5d. to £26,599 I 8s. IOd., the latter amount being for the past year, and the lowest in the return. ' In other words, speaking of the year just past, oi1t of a tota.l expenditure of £87,217 4s. · 9d., £6o;6 I7 ss. nd. is · expended :under the sanction of the.. G.overnment, and I can only be held responsible for the sum £26,599 I Ss. 10d . . The dothi~g vote has be~n reduced from £I9,242 6s. Id. in I874 to:£Ib,240 9s. 1 id. in I 8 8o, and, for the purpose of illustn~ting ho'v far economy is practised in this di1:ection, I explain th::1:t this large suni is only equal to an annual outlay over the average 2, 8 I o patients who were resirlent throughout the year of £3 I 2s. 10d. each; and,· when I take further into consideration the number of patients who annually leave the asylun!S On trial, and those r.ecoverecland improved, who ai·e each fur~shed'with a . suit of 'clothes, it )vould he fonilCl that fOl' the past two years at least the patients ar(~. maintained in clothing and bedding at an annual cost to the Govei·nment of about £3 per h~ad, a sum· that will hardly admit of even one single suit of clothing with. a change of linen in the year to each patient.. In relation .to the expenditure of the various asylums, I have for many years past given the subject very careful attention, although even in the annual Reports I have -not thought it necessary to make you acquainted with details of what was-being done .;• hut th~e reduC:tions that I have just been referring to. are principally due to the manY" a.i':rat1gehients :that I '·have· made fron1 ·time to time,: having :in view the I'ar)i(] growth of the department both in numbers and expense. That my sys~m has been fairly· successful cannot for a moment, I think, be doubted, after perusal of these fig-ures ; and, if the clmTge against the country for maintenance of lunn,tics, I Is. zd. e·~eh per w.e.e~c, is still regarded to be too high, I think it must he apparent that no reductioit of much consequence c::w in the future he made to those iterris of expense that I hitve classed as being under my O'Nn control-they will have to 'be made to tlwse expenses aJready fixed by tl~e Government, and I presume would, if necessary, be dealt with in connection 1-vith the general scheme for re-arrangement of the. public s~Zrvice which.I believe it is now in contemplation to bring· forward. Arnmgenients have, however,: been made to effect a certain amount of reduction in the salaries by reducing the number of warders from the proportion one to ten to one to twelve p~ttients ; such reductions, . however, will only be made as vacancies occur, and, cakulating on the number under care on the 3Ist December, 2,8o3, this is equal to a future r-eduction of 4 7 members of the staff. . 'l'hef(Jllowing compal'ison of cost is mnc1c ·with other nsy_lun~s where_ reportso,f the latest cbtcs have been received :~ · · .. · ·. . · · ·

Colonial Asylums. English o.nd. Scotch A!'ylnms.

.Asylum. W cckly Ccst • Asylum. W cckly Cost.

--.. -~--~-- ·------·- " ...... c •• ·'·· s. d. s. Victoria- Englund- Avemgc for five asylums ...... II 2 A vcragc county asy I urns .. ... 9 5! borough , ...... IO '.ll . •'~ '94 . 61. " So1~th Australia ...... II 4 Berks asylum ...... 1,0 .8! Chester asylum ..• ...... I I 0~ New Zealand ...... II 4-i Cornwall asylum ...... 11. . I Hull asylum ...... II '4f· Queen~land ...... I4 zi Ipswich asy lnm ...... 'j 1 ! I j\ Iol. l~t;icester asylum ...... IO' 4· New Sonth'Wales- City of London asylum ...... 13 . 3 A Ycragc OYel' all · ...... I 2 I Sixteen lunatic hospitals,: from ... 14 o4. Gladesvillc (the lowest) .. 11 2 To ••• 42 o. Scotlan(l- !loyal and district asylums ... ·8 . sf . 'I I i .. To ... z'j '

. . , In placing hefore you the figures giving the· cost of maintenance in· I 87o (I JS. :I rd. per week '''ithout deductions) it was pointed ·out that the asylums of this · colq~y ,· appeared to stand about mi,dway 'in e30st betwe:en the lu1_1atic )wsp~tals: of Englapd and the county and borough asylums, where the .lowest rate in tlie foiiner was. I J1S,. s;!cl., and the highest in the ]atter I JS. 6d., for each patient per Week ; lmt·now it is shown that. in the past ten years the maintenance in Victoria has heen brought• down to a snin almost equal to the average of the pauper asylums of the old country, and. wer~ below many of them, although it is aFthe same -time deserving of notice that tl?.e highest English rate has in the 1i1eantime only been reduced frori1 IJS. 6,d. to 1 Js~ 3d...... : · · · · . 1 . Maintenance Collections.-The amount collected in the past year was £4, I 89 . 2s. Jd.,; an increase upon the surn received in the pi"ecedin'g year· of.£ I I I I ss. 4d. A riew system of collection has recently heen initiated, and it is hoped that it will produce a very marked influence upon the cost of maintenance in future by materially

reducing the annual amount expendedby the Government. · ' .•: · ·: ·· · . ·,, . .= ... (

-. ~. • 1 .::.1 LuNATIC AsnuM,· YArtRA. B.EN:D. · t·· .. · : :·.~·::.::,, - • • , 1 •• , t", ·,. • 1 ·' ·• • ~• ··! .t• .!£ rr:~ 1 :1 ~·.~- ·..: T~-~L~ I:TShowing t~l.e Admissions, Re-admissions, Discharges, ~nd Deaths dm:ipg the Year I8.~o.-! -.:

,; ( ' d ; ·.•! ; ' '... . ''· ., t: ,:lllales.. F~males. , ;,otal..- '!

. In the asyhim on ·1st January t88o ..... · "539 349 sss·-• ; . I.. ' . ; ., ;; . Males. Felllilles. Totnl.

Admitted for the first time :1.37 ' I ~ (' Re-admitted . ·Transferred (b}ring the year.:. '" , ~.·. '>< ' t ~ ~·,. .. , Retaken • ...... • n, ~' l;

. i • : • Total admitted ... . ;t;·.\ ·,·,_.:.:! ' Tota! und~r eare. during the. year, ..

Discharged, removed, &c.:- Recovcrc

Total diseh,trgcd, died, &c., during the year I7Z R\'maiuing in tJ_,e asylum on the 31st December 18So. (inclusiv~. of)-:--- I ' ' . ·absent an tn:d, males and females) ... · :;. . · ... · ... ' 515 . 1

A,·cragc numbers resident during the year 493

:a2 20

TAnu H.-Showing the Adfuissions, Discharges, and Deaths, with the Mean Annual Mortality and Proportion of Recoveries, ·&c., per Cent. on the Admissions, for the Y cars I 848' to I 8 S'o.

lJisclmrgcd. Remaining , Axerage Percentage: of Percentage of Admitted. Dtcd. on the Numbers Cases Uccovered and Deaths on the A vern.ge p st neccm bcr Reshhmt. HecoYererl. llclievcd. Transferred. in each Year. Qll :~~[;1~~~~?oos. Xumbers Ucsitlent.

.;;l ~ ~ * 00 ~ - ~ ~ ~ • ~ :ci I ~ ri ~ ri ~ ri I' ~ :§ § ~ -:1 § ~ ~ ~ .s .a 5 ~ ~ g ~ :§j5 ·~ d ~ ~ ~ 5 ~ ~ § ~ --~-=--~ :t4 ~-~~~ _ __:___::_ ~ ;., 8 ~_:: _ _::_~_)_: _ __::_~~-=-~-~-·---: __ ,~ ___:__,~_ ~ 1848 !2 13 25 I I 2 I I 2 I ••• I 9! Il 20 7 9 IJ 16·66 I)'38jr6·oo 14'281 ... 5'88 1849 22 !2 34 I 2 3 I 3 4 3 I 4 26 17 43 I3 12 25 9'09141'66 20'58 2J'OJ: 8'33 I6'oo r85o . ro 5 15 7 1 8 I .. I I 1 2 27 zo 47 25 r8 44 8o·oo \2o·oo 6o·oo 4·oo, 5'55 4'54 r851 22 I9 41 9! 11 2o ... I I 4 3 7 35 24 59 33 26 59 40 9o 63·15 51'21 12'12111'53 11·86 1852 9 26 35 2 8 10 4 2 6 I 2 3 36 38 74 36 29 66 66·66 38·46 45'71 2'77 ~ 6•89 4'54 1853 109 35 I44 29 IS 44 1 2 3 15 '4 I9 97 52 I49 69 43 113 27'52 48·57 32'63 21'73, 9·3o r6·8r 1854 79 4I 120 33 IJ 50 3 3 6 I6 4 20 122 68 190 103 56 160 45'56148·78 46·66 I5'5317'14 12'50 1855 Ill 48159 39 20 59 4 2 6 ...... 23 5 28 162 89 251 IJ2 74 206 3873 45 83 40·88 IJ'4I 6'75 13'59 1856 Ioo 49 149 43. 19 62 I 5 6 ...... 27 6 33 190 ro8 298 r67 97 264 44'0o 48'97 ;45·63 t6'I6 6·18 12.'50 1857 74 65 IJ9 Z2' 27 49 6 I 7 ••• ...... 25 4 29 208 l4I 349 194 121 JI6 JJ'83 43'07 40'28 12·88 3"30 9'17 1858 I6o 99'259 44 33 77 5 7 12 ...... 48 16 64 267 I84 451 ...... , 412 3o·62· 4o·4o 34'36 •.. ... 15'53 1859 167 89 256 34 29 63 6 6 12 .,, ... 55 12 67 337 227 564 ••• ... : 490 23"95 39'32 29'29 ,.. .•. IJ'67 r86o. I04 8I I85 34 38 72 u 9 2o ...... 42 r6 58 351 245 596 347 244! 592 43·26 58·o2 49'72 12'Io 6'55 9'79 r861 I78 g6 274 49 31 So 9 15 24 ...... 46 13 59 .;.zo 282 702 400 266 667 32·58 47'91 37'95 II'5o 4·88 8·84 1862 · 137 76 213 25 43 68 16 15 31 ...... 49 I4 · 63 464 286 750 436285 722 29'92 76·31 46·47 II'2J' 4'9' 872 1863 158 122 280 )I 26 77 Il 14 25 ...... 52 12 64 501 355 856 498 p6 825 39'24 32'78 36'42 !0'44 3'68 7'75 r864 208 I42 350 37 48 85 19 24 43 ...... 88 26 114 562 398 g6o 539 374 913 26·92 so·7o 36·57 16·32 6·95 12·48 1 1865, 178 132 JIO 37 42 79 J 13 20 .... 1 59 59 79 23 102 610 393 I,OOJ 587 397. 984 24'JI' 41'66 JI'9J 13'44 5'79 10'36 1866 So. 76156 26 38 64 15 13 28 ... , ...... so 19 69 596 399 995 604 39611,ooi 51'25 6po 58'97 8'27 4'79 6·89 1867· · 95; 69164 18 23 41 11 19 30 50 15 65 29 20 49 583 J90 973 599 401 1,001 30'52 6o•86 43'29 4'84 4'98 4'89 1868. 14.2 1 88 230 36 27 63 7 9 16 IJOII.55 285 45 12 57 512 350· 862 539347 886 30'28 40'90 34'34 8·34 3'45 6·43 r869 I93 J38 3J.I 52 61 ll3 8 "g 16 !6 6 22 48 23 71 s87 399 986 5501369 920 31'08\so·oo 38'97 8'72 6'23 T7I r87o 242 1·64406 82 62 144 15 II 26 55 39 "94 55 2.5 So 615 428 1,043 590 412 1,oo2 4o·o8 44'51 41'87 9'32 6··o6 7'98 !871 233,163 39.6 66 ss 124 IJ 10 23. 73 41 114 s6 25 Sr 641458,1,099 624440 I,o6s 33'90 141'71 37'12 8'97 s·68 T6C I8j2" i8I 186 467 81 57138 5 5 IO 121 69190 67 20 87 662495 I,157 598 415 1,013 30'60 1 33'33 JI'69 11'20 4'81 8•58 187.3' 245 158 403 104102 2.06 12 14 26 69,147 216 85 21 106 634 368 I,ooz 607 473 98I 47'34 73.'46 57'56 I4'00 5·63 ro·8c 1874 .... , I I I JI 15 46 20 29 49 ... 5 5 32 12 44 558 3II 869 547 391· 849 ... ·•• ... 5'85 3· 98 5·1£ 1875 :.'i •'s, 'J 14. 8 22 5 I 6 2.3 .. 23 33 13 46 510 302 8!2. )08 286 795 ...... •.. I 6'49 4'54 5'7~ 1876 'iv"' 8 ;15, •9 ·3 12 10 5 15 ... '"I'" 25 5 30 483 2991 782 481284 765 ...... ):19 1'76 3'9l 1877 . 4 . 7 II ... 6 3 9 I I 2 5 21 7 Ib 20 38 467 297 764 466 290 756 ...... ·•• . 3'86 "6•89 fOl 18781• ~S .. 35 $d :7''4 !I 3 3 21 1 31 2418 24 425I0340 8)0462296 75815'5520'0017'50 3·89 8'10 5'5~ r879 136 115 251 291 23 52 3 4 7 40: 59~ 99 40 22 i 6z 539 349 888 522 328 Sso 23'53 23·48 23·51 7'66 671 7'2! r88o ,1331231256 591 •P lOO 4 I 5 1 sg'u2117I 44 3'' 7> 515 292,1 807 493 289 782 47'36 34'14 41'01 8'g2 10'72. 9'5! . Stcdistics.-At this asylum the number on the books has lJeen reduced. in the twelve months from 888 to·8o7, 8I6 of the former number being .under· care and 72. oir leave on theIst January; and of the latter 72 I were under care and 86. on leave on the 3Ist December. The total number of fresh patients admitteq was 237; re-admitted, 19; transferred from other asylums, I4; and 6 escaped patients, who were retaken·; giving a total population for the year of I, I 64, as against I, I 22 for the previous year. The numbers discharged were as follow, viz. :-Hecovered, 100-59 men and 4I women ;c · impi·oved, 5-· 4 men and 1 woman ;· transferred, I 7 I....:_ 59 men and I I 2 women (I 70 to the Sunbury Asylum and I to Kew) ; and 7 5 who died -44 men and 3 I ··women, 5 of the latter while on trial ; leaving on the books at the end of the year sI 5 men and 292 'vomen, of whom 4S men and 4I women were on triaL On the 31st DecemlJer IOS are returned as curable patients-7 S men and 30 women; 70 epileptics "-so men and 29 women; 27 harmless imbeciles-Io men and I7 women; 20 adult idiots--6 men and 14 women.; 2.1 idiot children-12. boys and 9 girls. There were I 3 Chinese patients in the asylum on the same date. · Of the total. admissions. and re·· admissions for the year, 2S6, the poli'ce brought in 124, 76 men and 48 women ; friends, 83-27 men and s6 women; and 30 men and I9 women were received from gaols, hospitals,· and benevolent asylums. The proportion of cases recovered and relieved,

h~ve hanged himself to a beam, by means of ~he bandage which had been on his hand. A coroner's inquest was held, and a verdict returned that the deceased committed suicide when in a state of insanity, the jury adding that, in their opinion, no blame was attached to any one in the asylum. Wodc.-As will be seen from the first table of the Appendix, there were, on an 300 232 averao-e 1 male and female patients eno·agecl in various occupations during the year.;:, The quantity of vegetables produced was IJo,o69 lbs:, at IJd. per :pound, estimated to be worth £8 I z I 8s. 7~d., a return almost IdentiCal with that for the previous year. The following :figures are given, shi:rw~ng the. value of the farm as a riwans of effecting savings on the rotes, all articles hemg estimated at contract rates as far as possible :-

FARM AccouNT ,FOR THE YEAR r88o.

Dr. 1\.mount. Cr. I Amount. 11 ii £ s. d. £ s. d. Wages ...... 330 0 0 Barley, 90 bush...... 1 I 5 0 :Farm Bailiff's expenses ... I9 If IO Butter, z,IOf lbs...... 6I 7 4 Seeds ...... I· 44 11 I I Straw, 16 tons ...... 52 5 f Repairs· to farm implements ... I I 12 0 Potatoes, 3 3,ooo lbs ...... f5 0 7 Repairs to saddlery ...... 7 I 0 Mangold, 306,300 lbs. ... I36 If 9 Horse shoeing ...... If I 5 6 Green food, zz,9oo bdls. ... 95 8 f Oats, bmn, and straw ...... 57 5 10 Wl1eat, f,9zo lbs...... 23 19 8 Potatoes, 33,ooo lbs...... 45 0 7 Eggs, 387/:r doz...... ~ z6 I 3 0 Mangold, 306,300 lbs ...... 136 LJ. 9 Carrots, 8,960 lbs...... 4 0 0 Green food, 22,900 bdls. ... 95 8 4 Hay (oaten), 16 tons ...... 6f f 3 10 8 Hay, 56 tons ...... 224 '4 li Hay (grass), 40 tons ...... 160 !8 Ba.lance . ••• ... 869· 8 I Oats, z,ooo lbs...... 7 f Milk, 69,700 quarts ...... 1,161 13 4 Rye, 30 bush...... 4 ,10 0 Sale of hides ...... 0 I7 2 .~ --·--- 1,8 56 7 9 1 ,s56 7 9

Conditionrffthe Building.-The condition of these buildings is very far from being satisfactory ; scarcely any works of importance have been carried out during the year, although many very urgent repairs and alterations m;e absolutely essential for their preservation and the safety of the patients. Some yea:rs ago an endeavour was made to carry out works to supply the lighting of this asylum by means of gas, but I regret to say that, owing to want of funds, they had to be postponed ; and colza and kerosene oils are still used for the purpose. Lighting by gas would eftect .considerable saving in the cost, and I trust something can soon be done towards the complet\on of these works. The following are the most important, and will, ·I hope, receive immediate attention, viz. :-Laying on gas, re-construction of portions of farm buildings, building a new kitchen, as well as miscellaneous repairs in various parts of the establishment. Official Visitm·s' lnspection.-This establishment, as well as the Kew Asylum and others in the Melbourne district, is inspected by a hoard consisting of E. Barker, Esq., M.D., Chairman ; R. Youl, Esq., M.D. ; ,V. H. Carnpbell, Esq., M.RC.S.; s~ lftla, Esq., L.F.P.S.; F. C. Mason, Esq., .M.P.; and E. J. Dixon, Esq.; who make · report of its state and condition to you once in each quarter. These reports have · severally received consideration and attention, and effect has been given to the recom­ mendations contained in them so far as it has been possible to do so. Some suo·gestions respecting repairs to buildings have been carried out; and others will b<;! ex~cuted at an earl v date. V 22

/• -.- .. , ·.I,. ·~ ·..

L · J~ t.~ , ·. TALH,E I.-Showlng th~ Admis~ions, Re-n.dmissio~s, Discharg~s, and Deaths during the Ye1tr z'88ci. · ' ·, . ,, ~ ... .• ...... · ~·cmulcs. Tol.lll • In the asylum on:Ist January I88o ...... 493. • .53 I ' ,I,o;.t,, ·r·...... ' L Males. Fcmulcs, Totul. ~ • '' I '. ( ... '• ; ,., 1~dmitted for the first time ...... 78 .. He,admitted ...... 70 148 ' 6 ! • !. : Transferred durlng'ti;e yen,r ·· ·· ...... I3 19 ...... 5 3 8 1 • .:. '· .. He taken'; .•. ' · ;,; ·· ...... IO ... IO .. Totn,J admitted · i ...... Io6 79 i8 5 ., ~·: ·' ' Totltl under care during the year - ...... 599 6to I 1Z09 ,:: \ ; '· Pischarged, removed, &c. :- l\Iulcs. Fcm<>lcs.! orutat. ., •'. • · He covered .. •. ••...... I ...... 52. III ·' ,'. ·. · In,1proved· · 59 " ...... " ...... r ••• 4 3 7 _ Not improved ...... I . I "' ' Transferred ...... i .. . 4 IZ9 I33 I• . , , . l~scaped ~ . ~· ...... II II '· ·' : ...... " nied ::.' ...... 4I Z7 68 Died while on ~~~vc of ~bsencc· . ' ...... 3 I 4 .. , ,•, . .. i Total discharged, died, &c., during the year .•. ... •.. 11.3 212 335 Hcmaining in the asylum on tlie 31-st December i88o (inclusive of · absent on trial, ma:Ies an~ females) ...... 476 398 874

:·),!'>'- Average uum.bers resident during the year ...... 432. 386 8I8 ;

TABI.E II.-Sho\;ing the Admissions, Discharges, And Deaths; with the :Mean Annual . Mortality and ProportiOn of Hecoveries, -~~.,.per Cent. on 1tlte Admissions, for the Years 1872 to 1880.

<' - ~! _.Adll'!ittcd. ' y~~r. ·!,;

t•{

·~7~ !51 84 1)6 ~'19 ·' :,:6<; ·,7 ·~73 59 43 101 i7 34 I J 4 '2 15' 11, 219 .00 435 30'$0 4'6·5• . 5'331· 15-97 ·~74 27} 196 40 76 70 146 2 6 6 ,:,7 61 l'·. '93 458 413 871 191 346 739 18'57 J8'77 )2'83 15'56• ·9C14 ; ·~:ss 1875 301 100 501 Ill Ill 122 4 39 g 47 72' 31 104 5JO• 400 990 480 410 ll<)o )8'10 56'00 4s:JO 15'00 T8o n·68 r876 Z9Q '9' 490 1]6 99 135 4 10 14 7< 64 13) 84 31 . 115 SJ! 449 g8o i 499 401 .900 46'81 57'06 SO'S! .16'83 7'73 u'n !877 265 196 ->6• IOJ 90 193 I .. I 17 57 67 37 104 599 487 416 938 i9'14 45'99 4>'08 11'83 8•8<) tt•os !878 101 158 359 77 73 57' So 50<) 504 ::::; ::: 430 946 44'56 8'45 ICO 493 53• 10141458 430 889 11'14 i88o I s·so

Statistics.-The numbers remaining from the previous year were 434 men and

45 I women under care, and 59 men and 8o women on trial--:-a total of I 1024. ~'he admissions were 7 8 men 'and 70 women for the first time, I 3 men and 6 women re~admitted, 5 men and 3 women· transferred, and I o out of I I patients ·who escaped ri~~a,l,~n; giving the total under· care I,2o9-599 men and 610 woman. · 5.9 men and 52 women were discharged recovered, 4 men and 3 woman iniproved, I man not improved, 4 men and I29 women transferred, 4I men and 27 women died in the asylum, and 3 men and I woman died while absent on trial; leaving on the 3 Ist December 4-76 men ai1Cl 398 women; 'of whom 55 men n,ncl 7·4 women we1~e on leave with their friends; and s~wwi1ig a reduction for the twelvemonths of 17 men and I33 women. Of those r.;maining under care at the end of the year ( 42 I men nnd '324 wqmen) 46 men and 74: women are sHpposed to be curable, 5 I men and 3 I women are epileptics, 58 men and 58 women are harmless imbeciles. There were 4 female adult idiots and 4 male and 3 feni{tle. idiot .children under care on the same date. The number of Chinese patients in the asylum was 23. Only I man was allowed to leave the asylum with-his friends, who e1~terecl into the customary bond to provide for his care and safety. .Of the numbers admitted and re-admitted in the year ( 9 I men and 76 women) I I men and I 5 women were received under orders in accordance with section I I of the Lunacy Statute, from either their frien9.s or relatio'ns, 7 8 men and 6o wo~pen were brought by the police under mtthqrity of ma~istrates' warrants ; and I feeble bedridden man, so years of age, -was received from the Castlemaine Benevolent Asylum; I imbecile girl, 20 years of a.ge, from the Melbourne Orphanage ; and I partly d.~nwnted aud .;pilepti<; boy, I 8 years of ~@e, from th~ Mt:llbPl.ll'lW Inqnl?tdn-1 fS<;hooJ. ' . . · · · • . The number of patients who were out. on trial on the rst of January was 59 men and 8o women ; during the twelve months ensuing 55 additional men and 56 women were allowed to leave·; making a total of I r4 men and 136 women for the year. Of those, I 22 men and 32 women were discharged recovered, 3 men and 1 women died, and 34 men and 29 women returned when their terms of probation had expired; leaving, on the 31st December, 55 men and 74 wwnen in the care of their friends outside the asylum. · · ' The percentage of cases recovered and relieved, calculated on the admissions, is 7o·6 5, and .this is the highest rate of recovery that has yet taken place in this establishment. The mortaJity-8·8o in each 100 of the daily average members resident in the asylum-is a very satisfactory diminution of the death rate of the preceding year. The causes are as follows, viz. from apoplexy and paralysis, I from epilepsy and convulsions, 3 from general paresis, 3 from maniacal and melancholic exhaustion or decay, 36 from inflammation and other diseases of the brain, softening, tumors, &c~, .4 frmp inflammation of the lungs, pleurre, and bronchi, 7 from pulmonary consumption, I from disease of the . heart, 5 from inflammation and ulceration of the stomach, intestines, or peritoneum, 2 from dysentery and diarrhrea, I from pyremia, 2 from cancer, and in the 4 cases of death that occurred outside the asylum the causes have not been stated. · · · . Seclusion, g.c.-The ·amount of seclusion and. restraint has been on the wholj:.l .v~ry moderate, and there has been nothing of importance to .report under this head·. · Wm·k.-ln the tables of AppendiX A will be found the number of patients .employed during the year, and some retmns of the work they perform .. The garden return shows the total production of vegetables to have been I 26,o98 lbs., and fruit I,350 lbs., a total of I27,448 lbs., valued at I-~d. per lb., to be worth £796 I IS. ·This is a very considerable falling off when compared with the returns of previo~s year, and the attention of the gardener has been specially called to the matter. The -farm account shows that a saving has been effected to the extent 0f £I,353 3s. 3d. on the following articles :-3,514 lbs. beef, £q 2s. 7d.; 21 141 lbs. butter, £62 Ss. 1 rd. ; 5,21'4 eggs, £29 qs. 5d.; 469!~ tons firewood, £r87 r8s. 4d.; 59,736 quarts milk, £995 r2s.; ro,529 lbs. pork, £51 6s. 6d.; 885lbs. Yeal, £4 6s. 3d.; sale of 34 hides, £4·. r IS. 3d. The cost of working the farm ·is -estimated at £546 3s. The want of farm buildings in .a convenient position is very much felt, and the temporary structures in use for stables, piggeries, cow-sheds, and fowl-houses are specially unsuitable on account of their separation from each other.

LUNATIC ASYLUM, ARARAT.

TABLE I.-Showing the Admissions, Re-admission~, Discharges, and Deaths during the Year 1880.

Males. l.,emn.les. Total. i In the asylum on 1st January 188o ...... ! '21.7 184 411 ..

Males. 1!-..cmulcs. !: Total. Ailmit.tcd for tl1e first time ...... 6o 38 98 Re-ailmitted ...... 'fmnsferred during the year ...... Retaken ...... I ......

Total admitted ...... 6o 38. I 98 : Total under c.are during the year ...... 287 222

I ~!ales. Females. Total. Discllil,rged, removed, &c. :- •---'---- - Hecovcred ...... 20 14 34 Improved ...... Transferred ...... I ... ., Escuped ...... Died· ••• ...... 28 8 3"6

Total discharged, died, &c., during the year ~...... 49 • 22 71 Remaining in the asylum ou the 31St December 188o (inclusive of abseut on trial, mal~s and females) : ...... 238 200 . 438 Average umnbers rcsideut during the year ...... 223 184 ·I. 407 - ... 24

TAULE H.-Showing the Admissions, Discharges, and Deaths, with the Mean Annual Mortality and Proportion of Recoveries, &c., per Cent. on the Admissions, for the Y cars I 867 to I SSo.

Discharged. I Remaining 011 I J>crccntngc of I Percentage of Admitted. I------,------,------Died. Ithe 318t December Average .Numbers· Cases Hccovered and Deaths on the 'l'ra.ns- I in each Year. Hesldcnt. Uelic_ve~ Avcrn.gc Numbcr:i Recovered. Uclieved. fcrred. on AdmiSSIOns. ncsidcnt.

-.-~- ----

Year. I I 1 I ~~ · ~~c;~~~ai~-ai~~ m~ g? ~ oo ~-= oo ~ ------,------~~~~~~~~i~~~~~i ~ ~ j ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ 1867 37 14 51 I ... I 21''' 2 ...... I ... I 85 17 102 64 8 72 8"10 ... I 8•88 1'56 .•. 1'38 1868 82 53 135 27 22 49 7 3 10 ... ··· ··· 15 3 18 158 112 270 127 go 217 41·46 4TI6' 43'70 11'81 3"33 8'29 1869 63 46 109 37 18 55 '17 8 ••• ••• ·•• 26 8 34 156 12) 281 154 117 271 6o'JI 54'34! 57"79 16·88 6·83 12'54 1870 89 44 133 27 34 61 1013 13 ...... 19 12 31 200 141 341 174 127 JOI 41'57 84·09 1 55'63 10'91 9'44 10'29 1871 74 42 116 39 15 54 2 5 7 ...... 2) 2 27 206 161 367 204 151 356 55'40 47"61 52' 58 12'25 1'32. 7"58 1872 41 19 6o 13 2 15 4l 3 7 ...... 16 8 24 215 167 382 206 162 369 41'46 26·31 36·66 776 4'93 6·5o 1873 26 l3 •39 15 10 2514 5 9 I ... I 9 5 14 211 161 372 208 159 368 73'07•Il5'38 87"18 4'32 3'14 3·8o 1874 32 18 50 9 9 18 I I 2!. I 2 3 12 9 21 219 158 377 210 156 367 31'25155'55 40'00 )'71 5'76 5'72 1875 21 '5 36 '7 11 28 ... 3 3!' ... ' 1o 3 13 212 156 3ii8 216 '5' 368 8o·95 93·33 86·11 4·62 ,.98 3'53 1876 22 19 41 6 8 1413 2 5' ... I I 10 6 16 215 158 373 212 153 366 40'90152'63 46·34 4'71 3'92 4'37 1877 46 16 62 17 12 29 ...... 1 I ... I 30 4 34 212 159 371 207 152 360 36•95 75'00 46•77 14'49 2'63 9'44 1878 44 37 81 19 10 29 ...... 1 I 1 2 22 7 29 215 179 394 211 162 373 43"18 2TCJ2 35·8o 10·42 4'32 7"77 1879 77 32 109 26 18 4411 2 ... 2 1 I ... I 36 9 45 227 184 411 214 !76 390 36·36156·25 42'20 16·82 5'11 11'53 1 1880 60 38 98 20 14' 34 ...... 1 I ... I 281 8 36 238 200 438 223 184 407 33'33 36·84 34•69 12 55 4'34 8·84 I I

Statistics.--On the rst January there were on the books 411 patients--227 men and 184 women-including 8 men and 10 women who were absent on trial. The changes that have taken place during the twelve months are as follow, viz. :­ Admitted for the first time, 6o men and 3 8 women; discharged recovered, 20 men and 14 women; I man was transferred to Y arra Bend, and 2 8 men and 8 women died ; . leaving on the register on the 3 rst December 238 men and 200 women, including 10 men and 11 women who were out on trial-these figures showing an increase for the year of 1 1 men and 6 women. The proportion of cases recovered and relieved to the admissions is only equal to 34·69 in each 100, this being the lowest ratio that has been obtained at this establishment since it was opened; and the mortality is 8·84 in each roo of the daily average number resident, as against 1 1·53 in the previous year. The causes of death are as follow, viz. :-2 from apoplexy and paralysis, 1 from epilepsy and convulsions, 1 from general paresis, 19 from inflammation and Dther diseases of the brain, softening, tmnors, &c., 1 from inflammation of the lungs, pleurre, and bronchi, .6 from pulmonary consumption, 2 from disease of the heart, one fi·mp gangrene of the leg, 1 from cancer, and 2 died while on trial, the causes of death not being stated. There were under care at the end of the year only 51 patients ( 2 8 men and 23 women) supposed to be curable; and at the same time there were in the establish­ ment 6o epileptic patients, 17 harmless imbeciles, 4 adult idiots, 3 idiot children under fifteen years of age, and 1 5 Chinese patients. On the 1st January there were 8 men and 10 women absent from the asylum on trial, and during the year 22 additional men and 10 women were allowed to leave, showing that a total of so patients out of the entire number under care, 509, could be maintained for various periods during the ·year amongst friends and relatives. There were 20 men and 9 women who returned when their leave had expired, 5 men and 6 women were discharged cured during their leave, and 2 of the men died. Of the total admissions, 9 8 ( 6o men and 3 8 women), only 2 men and 6 women were sent in under orders from friends, 5 I men and 2 9 women were sent by the police, and 7 men and 3 women were sent from benevolent asylums, hospitals, and gaol,s. · . . Seclusion, 9-c~-Strenuous efforts have been made to reduce the amount of seclusion and restraint at this asyhun, and I am glad to be able to report that in the past year very little of either have been employed in the treatment of the patients. Casualties.-'Though the asylum was very much overcrowded, on the whole the general healthl of the patients was good, and no deaths or accidents occurred from preventible causes~ There is only one accident to which I think it is necessary to call attention here. A female patient, E. W., fell on the floor of the day room, on the 3rd August, suffeHrig thereby a fracture of the left femur; the patient made a good recovery, but died on the 11th November following from "Exhaustion from disease of the brain and epilkpsy." The matter of the accident was brought under the notice of the board of official visitors, but they saw no reason to make auy special inquiry, and did not consider the case of sufficient importance to bring under your notice in their report for the month. 25 Amusements. -There. is nothing special to report respecting amusements, which have been carried on as usual. The Asylum Dramatic Club gave two per­ formances and the Ararat Club one during the year. Some of the male patients attended the local races, and males and females were from time to time allowed to visit the various sports that were held in Ararat. Religious SeTvices.-Religious services have been regularly held throughout the year by the cha.plains of the Church of England, Roman Catholic, and Presby­ terian denominations. Work.-The dam which was made some ago for supplying the new vegetable garden with water has been considerably enlarged, and pipes have now been laid fi·om it both to the garden and cricket ground, the latter having been fenced in. ·A new dairy has been erected by asylum labor, the airing courts improved by planting, and outside closets have been put up at some of the wards. The value of the articles of clothing and bedding made up nnd repaired by male and female patients is not given, hut .the Appendix A contains the usual returns respecting this part of their labor. The supply of vegetables received from the gru·den in 1879 was 59,677 lbs.; in the past year it was 86,253 lbs., an increase of 26,576 lbs. I again estimate the value of this produce a.t I~d. per lb., and find the year's yield to be worth £539 Is. 7~d., a result that is attained at an expense of very.little beyond the wages, £9 5 a year, and the allowances received lJy the gardener. The yield from the farm, showing its value to the department and cost of working expenses, are given in the following return:-

Dr. I Amount. Cr. Amount.

£ s. d. £ s. d. Wage~ of farm bailiff ...... lOO 0 0 3 I ,2 I Si qts. milk ...... 6so 6 6 Value of allowances to do. do. ... 35 0 0 2 59 i~· doz. eggs ...... 12 19 4 '\V a.ges and allowance to carter ... 95 0 0 3, 52 5 lbs. pork ...... 44 I 3 Cost of seeds ...... 25 11 10 420 lbs. beef ...... 5 5 0 Cost of shoeing ...... 12 12 0 I 63 lbs. veal ...... 2 0 9 Cost of forage ...... 43 12 I I Sl~le of hides ...... 2 I I I Purchase of stock ...... 37 IO 4 Produce grown and consumed . .. 531 I 5 0 Stores and repairs ...... 25 10 6 Produce consumed ...... 531 IS 0 Balance ...... 341 IJ 2 ----- 1,248 9 9 1,248 9 9

. The followino- a.re the articles of produce valued as above at £531 15s., viz.:- 3,6oo quarts of mifk for feeding calves, 32~ tons of turnips, So tons of mangold, 86 tons of green fodder, So tons of hay, 10 tons of straw, 24 bushels of wheat, 250 bushels of oats, 8 bushels of grey peas, 4 bushels of tares, 16 bushels of rye grass . seed, 30 pounds of mangold seed, and 14 pounds of turnip s~ed. Inspection.-The following entries are taken from the Asylum Inspector's book 11th March. *-Visited and inspected the whole of the asylum. Found it to contain 217 males and 181 females, while, according to Dr. Paley's calculation, it has -accommodation only for 164 males and 140 females. Notwithstanding its crowded state, the dormitories and day rooms were clean and in good order. There were a large number of hopelessly imbecile and helpless inmates, but only 2 males and 2 females actually confined to bed. Of the males, I was suffering from strangulated hernia; and the other was a case of advanced consumption, only admitted on the 17th February. The females were under treatment, I for paralysis, and the other for a slight cold. . Sufficient hose is not provided for the protection of the buildings in case of fire, and I directed Dr. McCreery, who accompanied me throughout my inspection, to send in a special requisition for what was required. · In No. 2 yard the closets were not so clean as they should have been. The male refractory yard was not occupied ; this was accounted for by the fact of some of the warders beii1g absent on leave. This yard is very bare, and requires to be protected both from the heat in summer and the cold winds in winter. Dr. McCreer,y suggested that a helt of trees should he planted on the slope inside the

* By the Acting Inspector of .Lunatic Asylums. 26 walls ; hut to do this with advantage it would he necessary to fence in: the slope from the pv,tients, to preveut their getting. at the .trees and destroying them. I would recommend the doctor's suggestion being approved and carried out. The la:rge recrentioiH'oom is not only used as a place where· amusements· are held, but also as a chapel and likewise a dining-room. · Divine services of the different den_ominations are regularly held, and it was reported to me were well attended by the patients and attendants. T.here were about I 40 men dining in it this day. I saw them all take their places without anv disorder or confusion. In the femnle division the laundry was in good order,. and a" number of patients washing quietly and industriously. The &ame may be said of the work~room. . · . Many of the· wards where the better class of patients were confined were made bright with pictures, flowers, birds, and the inmates' needlework.. . .. I was much struck wit~ the quietness that prevailed throughout the asylum. There was not the slightest sign of restraint, no patient even being confined in a camisole or wearing gloves. · · . I inspected the stores under the charge of .Mr. V allance; they were ·all properly kept, the provisions being fairly up to contract samples. . , ; ;. _In the, cook-house· I considered the meat prepared for the n1ince was .veqr. m'!lc'J1 pv~I:d.one,. and remarke~. so to th,f? ~()qk.. H~ thought it .. was all right) as gle.liqvo.rGip ,WhiCh the. ;meat was boiled was given to the patients., ~ would .r,~CO,~(C)Jld; that .m.qre care be taken in the preparation of the mince. The head cook, it is only fair to state, was absent on leave on the day of my visit. Some means should be taken to keep the meat warm after it has been taken from the coppers; before it is cut up and distributed into rations it is quite cold. If materials were supplied, the s·uperintendent considers the engineer .and the carpenter of the establishment could effect what is-required .. :· The gardens were producing far more vegetables than on the Inspector's last visit. A party of pati.ents, under the superintendence of. the' gard~.mer, were enlarging the dam made by the brickmakers when the asylum was built. The idea is to make it an artificial lake, which will be a great improvement to the appearance of the place, and at the same time give a larger supply of water for garden purposes. . · .The farm buildings were in good order. A suffi~i.ent quantity. of milk for the use of the establishment was being obtained from the dairy. The piggery was clean, and contained a number of pigs of all classes and descriptions. · · This asylum is not naturally so favorably sittiated as either Kew, Yarra Bend, · or Beechworth. The soil is very poor, and the planting of trees was not carried on till some few years back. Care is evidently now peing taken to plant trees in every direction, so as to protect the yards and buildings from the winds. In a. comparativ.ely short time considerable improvement in the appearance of the grounds and the comfort of the inillates should' be the result of this creditable expenditure ·of patients' lab~r. . 24th June.-During yesterday and to-day. I have made official inspection. of this ;asylum. Since the 1 Ith .March the following changes have taken· place·:­ Admitted, 2 I men and 4 women; discharged, 3 men and I 1vonian.; died, ~ men and I woman ; . allowed on leave, 5 men and 3 women; returned from leave, 4' m:en ; remaining, 2 2 8 in{m and I So women. · 'The building is estimated to hold I 64 men an.d 140 women, so that the excess of numbers over accommodation is Io4, viz., 64 men and 40 women. This is a very important fact, and involves niost serious consideration respecting the provision of increased space. I have on many occasions pointed .out the necessity of additional buildings to relieve the present overcrowding, so objection­ able in every respect, so detrimental to the. best interests of the patients, ·and :so obstructive to the efforts of the staff' for their amelioration. In my Report for the year 1879 I have made the following recommendations on this subject :-(I) To build a detached hospital in each division for 30 men and 20 women. ( 2) To erect a cottage at the homestead for 20 patients with their attendants ; and also a cottage for 20 male imbeciles and idiots with attendants. I further suggested the construction of a cottage for 20 female patients, so situated in the reserve that it might form one of a series to he put up from time to tinie according to necessity. T desire here again to urge these suggestions and recommendations on the attention of the Government, as' I believe them to be all-important for the physical and mental well-being of the inmates. The patients were mostly confined within doors at the time of my visit on account of the very wet and cold weather, . but nevertheless they were quiet and orderly, and appeared well cared for in respect to personal ·cleanliness and dress. · I found 6 nt~H ~n b(?d ?P accq'!lnt of paptlysis pr delfHit;r: co:r-se~uent ?P:~ cn~?ni~ b_:~~n

;rr.. .0 >! •' 'J il . disease;· and 2 womcti from the saine cause, one of the latter having tl ~p1~ained knee from an accidental falL No one was iu restraint or seclusion, and I find from the medical journal that the cases are now few in number and of short duration. All the deaths have arisen from natural causes ; no epidemic or cqntagious disease has pre~ vailed, and the casualties have been of an unimportant character. . . · With regard to works and buildings, in addition to thos~ mentioned above, the f~llowing are urgently required :~Repairs to sculleries and bath-rooms; an associated bath-room and scullery in each division on the ground floor, and detached from the main building ; fire ·hose for every ward ; outside closets. for D ttnd I 0 wards, on the plan·: which Dr. McCreery has successfully carried out at a very small cost for two of the d(nvnstair wards ; these last can be effected by asylum labor as soon as supply can he· rnade'· of the requisite material. · . . ·Planting and general improvement of the airing courts ·have been done to. a considerable extent, and it is proposed to go on gradually with operations ip thi~ direction; · · · · · · The state of the farm and garden may he referred to in terms of commendati()n. A' large dam has been made near the new garden, and another on the farn:i. It is anticipated that in seasons of ordinary rainfall these will be filled naturally, and will affor~ ample tne:ws of irrigation without the expense of pumping machinery.. .· ··. · ·For about twelve months past all the milk r~quired has been supplied· from the farm, in· ~ddition to a considerable quantity of pork, eggs, &c. ; and there is a marked improvement in the yield of vegetables from the garden. · . · ,. ··. ·The stores arid provisions were carefully examined,. and I found no cause of con;pl~int.~ · · · · · , · · . . . . · . . · .... The recent orders of admissions were in proper form, also wer

About I I 5 men and 90 vwmen are employed daily in various ways about the asylum. · . There is nothing new to report concerning amusements, and it is still a matter of regret that medical superintendents are forbidden to spend any money for the recreation of patients beyond the asylum bounds. A large amount of pleasure might be given at a very small cost ; and it is very certain that an occasional break in the monotony of asylum life in many instances exercises a wholesome and curative influence. I have had under consideration the question of water consumption, and, in: conjunction with Dr. McCreery a.nd the engineer, have agreed upon a plan whereby tank water can be used for laundry purposes, to the saving of that now supplied from Langi Ghiran reservoir, which is paid for at the rate of 2s. 6d. per I,ooo gallons. The statutory hooks and recent orders have been found in proper form. Official Visitors' Inspections.-The reports of inspection by the official visitors, Messrs. Gaunson, Banfield,. Tohin, and Hewitt, ar~ submitted for your perusal each month. V m·ious suggestions for the improved ventilation of the building and the prevention of disagreeable odors in parts of some of the wards have been adopted with satisfactory results. Other works recommended will he carried out as soon as funds are available. The remarks of the visitors relating to old feeble persons who were forwarded to the asylum from other public institutions are referred to in a previous part of this ~~ . ·. . . .

LuNATIC AsYLUM, BEECHWORTII.

TABLE I.-Showing the Admissions, Re-atlmissions, Discharges, and Deaths during the Year 188o.

I Males. :Females. Total •. - In the asylum on ISt January t88o ...... 2.71 1 99 470 1 :i\falcs. .r'emalcs. Total. Admitted for the first time ...... 17 8 25 Re-admitted ...... I ... I Transferred during the year ...... Hetaken ...... 2 ... 2. Total admitted ...... 20 8 28 Total under care during the year ...... 291 207 498 Males. _I Females. Total. Discharged, removed, &c.:- 1--~- Recovered ...... I5 8 23 Improved ...... Transferred ...... I ... I Escaped *••· ...... 2 ... 2 ' Died ...... I7 4 2I Total diseh:trged, died, &c., during the year ... .. • ...... 35 . I2 47 Remaining in the nsylum on the Jist December r88o (inclusive of absent on trial, males and females) ...... 256 I95 45I

Average numbers resident during the year· ...... 262 196 458·

TABLE II.-Sho~ing the Adn:issions, Dischal'ges, and Dea~h~, with the Mean Annual Mortality and· Proportwn of Recoverws, &c., per Cent. on the Adm1sswns, for the Years 1867 to 188o.

Dischnrgctl. · : llemaining : :d~~~bcral Pcrccntngc of Percentage of Admitted. :----'-,-·-----,------. Died. i on the JISt '1, Average Cases ltccovcr(;d and Deaths on the· December in Ucildenl. llclieved Average Number Recovered. Rcllcvcd. Trunslcrrcd. each Year. :, on Admissions. 1tesident. ----~-!-~----·------! ·-~~~ Ycnr. gj i

• I l•.: "' By the Acting InspectoJ;" of Lunatic Aaylums. - locks he piaced upon them·, so th~lt the attendn.nts' keys will open them. ; this . may prevent a setious delay if ever there wa"" ~t necessity for using the hose. There was no out-door work going on to-day (Saturday), so thn.t I did not visit the farm bailiff. The medical superintendent, Dr. w· atkins, was away on le:;tve. Dr.. Spring­ thorpe accompanied me througho1it the institution, ·and I have to thank that gentleman for his care in showing· me everything necessary for my making n thorough inspection. · Inspected and signed the statutory books of the nsylum. The waiTants for the patients admitted since Dr. Paley's last visit were exnmined by me, and found to be correct, also the nece~sary ::tuthorities for the patients discharged. 7th 1lfar·ch, Sunda;y.-Visited the gardens, which were in excellent order, and full of fruit and vegetables ; the gardens, in fact, seemed so prolific that I wondered how all their produce could be satisfactorily disposed of. Passed through a field of m::ti~e ; the crop was much deteriorated in consequence of the land between the drills being covered with wire-weed and sorrel. \Vould ask Dr. Watkins to call the farm bailiff's attention to this.· 8th March, JWonda_y.-Visited the farm, and saw the patients at work'trenching. ~he piggeries in g~od o~·der, and th~. pigs _well looked after ; the farm bailiff seems to be very successful m th1s part of h1s busmess. Found that altogether 27 acres had been.taken into cultivation. Inspected the laundry and women's work-rooms; these reflect credit upon the matron. Saw Mrs. Sharpe's quarters; they are uncomfortably situated, the windows imtnediately overlooking the refractory yard. The bed-~·oom if? .also much tqo small, and in an aspect that must make it very hot in summer. Would ask Dr. -w atkins to suggest if any desirable alterations can be made. I 8th June.-During yesterday and to-'day I have inspected every part of this asylum, examined the patients, and talked to many of them. The rooms were scrupulously clean, the clothing of the inmates comfortable; and though the weather was very cold and wet, and the patients were consequently for· the most part within doors, there was little exciteiJient amongst them, only one vodferous female disturbing the peace of the refractory ward. The following changes ·have taken place since last record, viz: ;-·Admitted, 3 men and 3 womeii'; returned from leave, I man and I woman; ·retaken, 2 men; discharged, 2 men; escaped, I man; died, 2 men;· allowed on leave, 6 men and J women; leaving in the asylum 263 men and 197 women. Twelve p·ersons-8 males and 4 females~are now absent on trial.. The bedding throughout the building was clea.n and sufficient in quantity. There were good fires in most of the rooms, ·and a genial temperature pervaded the esta1)lishment, in spite of the inclemency of the clay. Seven men and 6 ·women were confined by various trifling ailments, 5 of the latter having slight attacks of facial erysipelas, ft·om which they appear to be making a good recovery. Of the provisions and stores there ·is nothing special to remark, except that a few of the patients had some bad potatoes served for dhmer. · The bulk were of good quaJity, and instruction was given to issue no inferior ·ones. The patients beirig kept fi·om out-door work by the '\"\ret, the gardei1s ·and farm were not visited, but it appears fi·om the returns that 3,332 quarts of milk, 17-Q- dozen eggs, 836 pounds of pork, 3 It pounds of poultry; 40,958 pounds of vegetables, and 1,462 pounds of fruit have been sent to store during the ~onths of March, April: and May. . . · · With regard to the building, there is much need of painting and whitewashing throughout, not only for the sake of appearance, but on the score of health. A general overhaul of roofs and outside walls is also required; slates havino· become loose and c"ment coating having scaled off in many places, the wet penetrat~s, and the stru~ture is Periously damaged in consequence: Many of tbe sculleries and bath-rooms are in a deplorable state of disrepair, ~lnd it has become necessary to discontinue using them. These should have immediate attention, and so mauy of them should be put in th.orough or~er as will meet present requirements, at lenst until associated bath-rooms, with scullenes attached, can he built on the ground floor, ·when the present rooms might be dismantled and converted into dormitories, therebv increasing the available space for patients. The old wooden fence at rear of the m~le division'should also be removed, and a brick wall substituted for it. The same necessity exists on the ferriale side. The roads around the asylum are in bad order in many plac~s, and a lar_o·e supply of metal is needed for them,, and gravel is also required for paths in the airi~:, courts. . The various statutory books and recent orders of ndmission have been e~amined, and. found in order. On the whole, I have satisfaction in stating my opinion that the establishment is tinder good and careful management. · .· · . 32 . . qth, September.-During yesterday and to-day I have made an inspection of tlns asylum. The following are the changes in numbers since the last visit, viz.:­ Admitted, 8 men and I woman; returned from leave, 8 men and 4 women; discharo-ed, 5 men and 3 women; escaped, 1 man; died, 9 men and 1 woman; allowed on le~ve, 4 men and I woman; remaining, 26o men and 197 women. . The establishment is clean and in excellent order in every part, and the fresh modorous atmosphere which pervades the building gives evidence of effective veutil~tion. I found only one patient (a male) confined to bed, and no one was in restramt or seclusion. The patients generally were quiet and contented in their derneanor, and I heard no complaints fi·om any of them. About I 37 men and - IOt women are reported to be employed daily in various useful ways, and I saw many engaged in their respective works. The deaths during the past three months have been above the average; but they all appear to have arisen from natural causes, therefore ~he fact demands no special comment. Casualties have been few in number and slight m character. There has been a marked diminution in the amount of restraint; and it is. satisfactory to record that in very few instances and for very short periods has a camisole been used or a patient been placed in seclusion. 'Vith reference to the buildings, the following works mentioned in the last Report, but not yet executed, are absolutely and urgently necessary, and should be taken in hand without delay, to preserve the health of the inmates, to admit of efficient working, and to prevent further damage to str"ucture :-(I) Painting and whitewashing. ( 2) General overhaul of roofs and outside walls. ( 3) Repairs to sculleries and bath-rooms, many of which have now become unfit for use. ( 4) Replacing the old wooden fence at the rear of the quadrangle by a brick wall. · Sufficient time has not yet elapsed since the lately appointed gardener entered upon his duties to admit of a definite judgment being formed as to his capabilities, but the ground under his charge appeared in good order, and seems so far to have yielded satisfactory results. Farming operations have been somewhat more successful than heretofore' and I found the buildings and stock in good order and condition. The following were the main supplies to the store during June, July, and August :-Milk, 3,4I6 quarts; pork, 974 pounds; veal, I44 pounds; poultry, I3 pounds; eggs, 75 dozen; vegetables, 42,520 pounds; firewood, 147 tons. It is still necessary to purchase a large quantity of milk, .and a large saving might be effected on this item if sufficient grass land could be acquired for the keep of an increased dairy herd. I have advised Dr. Watkins to submit a proposal for the rental of some eligible land near Beechworth. The seyeral statutory books have been seen and signed, and the recent orders of admissions have been found on examination to be in proper force. 9th DecembeT.-During yesterday ahd to-day I have inspected this asylum. The following changes have taken place since the last visit, viz. :~Admitted, 4 men and 2 women; retumed from leave, 3 men and I woman; allowed on leave, 3 men and 4 women; transferred, I man; and died, 4 men and I woman; leaving remaining in the asylum, 253 men and I95 women.· · The building was clean and in good order throughout, but many repairs which have been mentioned in previous Reports are still unexecuted, though there is very urgent need of them. A special list of these has now been prepared to be submitted for the immediate attention of the Public Works Department. The patients generally were in good health, and their personal appearance gave evidence of care and attention at the hands of those who are entrusted with their charge. One man and I woman were in bed, and I man wore a camisole on account of maniacal excitement and exceptional dangerous tendencies. No one was in seclusion. The amount of seclusion has been small, and restraint has been resorted to in only a few instances, in several of which it was applied for surgical reasons. The deaths have been from ordinary causes. A magisterial inquiry is held in every case; hut there is no coroner's inquest nor any post m01·tem examination, unless the medical superintendent gives notice to the coroner that there appears to he necessity for an extended· investigation. The practice at other asylums in .the colony is to have a post · rnm·tem examination on every deceased patient; and I think it highly desirable that this practice should he resumed here or altered elsewhere., .so that there may be, at all events, uniformity of procedure throughout the department. The stores were examined, and found of good qunlity; and the dinners to-day were of beef, potatoes, and cabbage, in ample quantity, heartily eaten by the patients. The farm and gardens l1ave a satis- 33' factory ·appearance, and in the past three months have yielded the following supplies viz. :-7,548 ·quarts of milk, I ,368 pounds of pork, 1 8o pounds of veal, 92 dozen eggs I I 4 pounds of bacon, . 5 pounds of poultry, 6 5 tons firewood, I o,9 I 3 pounds of vegetables, and I, 7 59 pounds of fruit. . The several recent orders of admission have been examined, and the statutory, books seen and signed. There is nothing new to report on the subject of amusements. An average of I 36 male and I 02 female patients is employed ,in various useful ways about the farm, the garden, the laundry, and other parts of the ground, and the building. Official Visitors' Inspection.- The local visitors- Messrs. Turner, Stevens, Lang, and Crawford-have regularly made monthly inspection, and report to you on, the condition of these buildings, the patients, and other matters deservin~ of notice. I do not find that, in the whole twelve months, they have made any complaint ; and all their reports tend to show that the management is satisfactory.

LuNATIC AsYLUM, SuNBURY • . TABLE !.-:Showing the Admissions, Re-admissions, Discharges, and Deaths during the Year I88o.

Males: ! ~'emales. i Total.

In the asylum on 1St January 18So ...... 189 ~0 Z09 ---Males. Fctnales. Total. Admitted for the first time .•...... Re-admitted ...... Transferred during the year ...... 58 Z38 2.96 Retaken ... · ...... 3 I .4 Total admitted ...... I po Total under care during the year ...... 250 259 509 Males. · Females. I Total. D ischarged, removed, &c. :- Recovered ...... I I 2 Improved ...... Transferred ...... 6 2 8 Escaped ...... 3 I 4 Died ... ·...... 16 I 17 Total discharged, died, &c., during the year .•• ...... 26 5 3I Remaining in the asylum on the 31st December r88o (inclusive of absent on trial, males and females) ...... 224 254 ! 478 --- Average numbers resident during the year ...... 206 138 r~45

TABLE ll.-Showing the Admissions, Discharges, and Deaths, with the Mean Annual Mortality and Proportion of Recoveries, &c., per Cent. on the Admissions, for the Years I 877 to I 88o.

Discharged. I :Remaining Percentage of Percentage of on the JISt Avernge N urn bers Cases Recovered Deaths on· the Admitted. Died. December ln Uesldcnt. and Uelleved Average Number.• .,, each Year . on Admission. ' ltesident. I Transferred. ! Year. ,; ,; ,; .. ~ ul I gi " ui .; • ,!!! ri .; 'd .....: .. I I ull ';;!" ..; ill ?. .,; 8 .'! " 8 Cl ~ 3 ~ 8 !l "' "8 :g 5 - 8 ~ ~ ~ ~.;; o ~d: I ~o ~o 0 ?."' 0 Q Eo;~ I';" Eo;0 "' Q &; );! ;" ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ..:::_ ...:::._...:"_I :a ._, I Eo; :!1 :a ..." ...... - --- "" Eo; - "" _I_ --" J877 I ...... I I ...... 20 OI IZ 11 23 ...... 11 I 2 J878 .... ~·. ... I ...... 5 49 54 IO 2 I2 I36 Ij~ 8I 34 115 ...... I2'34 5·ss I0'43 J879 ...... 5 ... 5 I ... I I ... I 5 ... 5 I89 20 127 ... 127 ...... 3'93 ... 3'93 I88o ... ' ...... I I 2 ...... 6 z 8 I6 I I7 :1.:1.4 254 1:~§ 206 q8 345 ...... 7'76 0'72 4'92 I

Statistics.-On theISt January there were I 89 men and 20 women under care. There were no fresh cases admitted, but 58 men and 238 women were transferred to it from Yarra Bend and Kew Asylums, giving a total of 509 persons for the twelve months. Two were discharged recovered, 8 transferred to Yarra Bend and Kew, and I7 died, leaving under care on the 31st December 478 patients--224 men and 254 women. The average number resident for the year was 345, and the mortality was equal to. 4'92 per Ioo on that number; the causes were-apoplexy and paralysis, I; general paresis, I; inflammation and other diseases of the brain, softening, tumors, &c., I o ; inflammation of the lungs, pleurre, and bronchi, 2 ; disease of the heart, I ; and dysentery and diarrhrea, 2. Of .those remaining at the end of the year only I woman is returned as supposed to be curable; the remainder are principally composed of harmless imbeciles. and idiots, who do not require any special treatment beyond the care and ·shelter that is here provided for them. In January there were 2 men out on probation, and 6 more were allowed to leave during the year; I of these was discharged recovered, 3 returned on the expiration of their trial, and 4 were absent on the Jist December-J men and I woman.· No. 74. c 34 Work.-The tables of the Appendix give the results of the yarious labors th3;t have /been carried on during the ·year; but, as neither the farm or :garden can yet be considered in fair working order, I do not give particulars respecting the variod, is now going on satisfactorily; but the serv,~ce-pip·es require to be relaid, o:wing to their bad co.ndition. · , .· ...... I 1th November.-( Special visit to examine the proposed 1:1ites for the morgue.) Went through· most of the wards and dormitories, which were thoroughly clean and in good ·order. I also saw many of the patients at dinner, which was neatly served, and the food appeared sufficient in quantity and of good quality. · Seats in the airing yards are urgently required, and supply should be, :r;nade without delay. · . · · . · There are to-day 223 males and 254 females. The staff of warders consists of I 5 of each sex ; there are 8 servants, a senior head warder in charge, a clerk, and a head nurse. No patient was in bed, nor was anyone in restraint or seclusion, at the time of my visit." · ; · .

LICE~SED HousE FOR THE INsANE, CREMORNE. On the I st J an~~y · ther~·. w~re d men an~ I I wome~ unde~ . ~a~k ·.PI:: thi~ establishment. Thirty-four men and 8 womeri were :admitted for the fir~t--time,. and there were -2 2 men and 2 women re-admitted, giving a total of 8 8 for t~e twelve months- 6 7 men and 2 I women. There were 53 men and I o women· discharg~4 recovered I man and 3 women'-improved,.I man and 3 women were-transferred to·the public asylums,· and 3 men died during the year, leaving u~der ~are on tlie~ ~'uit' December 9 men and 5 women. · · · · ·. . ·· ·· I visited and inspected· the house·twice, on the I 5th June and 2 sth August, 1and on both occasions· the patients were under ca1·eful treatment. The Board of YisitOrs al~o inspect~d frequently; a~d they have made report to the following effect:-·." !~e patients at the Cremorne pnvate asylum appear. to be well care.d for·; ~~e·bmlclings were in good order, and well adapted to the reqmrements of the mmates. 'E. PALEY,: · ·.. · ·. Inspec_tor Qf Lunatic· Asylui:ns'. · .·

,. By the Acting Inspect~r of

t•. 35

APPENDICES. }.

APPENDIX A.

RETURN showin'g the Average Number of Patients Employed during the Year I88o.

Males. Females. ·•

Yarrn .1 Beech· Sunbury. Oceupn.tions. Yarru Kew. Ara.rat. Beech- I Occupations. Bend. Kew. Ararat. worth. Bend. worth. Sunbnry. ------Farm and garden labor go go 24 70 67 Fancy. work ... 2 2 10 ... 2 Household work ... J86 I09 87 51 JO Household work ... 40 so z6 40 46 Workshops ...... 15 10 4 14 6 Laundry work .. . 40 45 15 2.0 30 Miscellaneous ... 21 ... 12 10 Sewing ...... ISO 14 42 42 9 -- 73 Totals ...... 300 230, 115 1'147 IJ3 Totals ...... 2J2 170 6s 102 120

RETURN· of Produce from the Asylum ;Farms during the Year I 88o.

Item. Yarra Bend. ! Kew. Ararat. Beechwortb. Sunbury. -----·------1------1----·-·------.-.----- Baeon I 14ibs. Barley go bshls. 40 bshls. Beef soo lbs. J,514lbs. 41.0 lbs. 1,712 lbs. Butter 2,104 " 2,141 " 70 " Cabbage I8,40i) , Canary seed Carrots S,g6o lbs. 30,334 lbs. 7 tons Eggs 387,\ doz. 434?! doz. zsg~ dozen 243 doz. Firewood ... 469U tons 213 tons Green· food ••• n,goo bdls. zo, soo bdls. 86 tons 24 " Hay ; s6 tons 75 tons So , zz " Mango id J061JOO Jbs. 185 " So , So , Milk )<••• 6g,7oo qts. s9,736 qts. 34.81s! qts. 19,560 qts. . .. Oats so bshls. 250 bshls. '. ~. Pease 3J bshls. ..8 " Pork 4,244-lbs. 10,529 lbs. .3.525 lb~. 3,178 lbs. . 1,340 lbs. Potatoes' .•• 33,000 " ~ , 'sma_ll 790 lbs. 1.20 lbs. Poultry Sz "· Rye 30 bshls. Seed,. rye grass 16. bshls. Straw r6. tons Si tons 10 tons Tares· ·4 bshls. Turnips ...... 32! tons Veal s6 lbs. 163 lbs. szo lbs. 6o lbs. Wheat z4 bshls. Seed, mangQ!d 30 lbs. , turnip 14 "

RETURN· of Produce from the Asylum Gardens during the Year I 88o.

Item. YarraBend. Kew. Arnrnt. Beech worth. Snnbury.

lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs. ------lbs. Beans ...... 4,965 2,076. 3.4-z"s z,64z 1,18 5 Beet ~· ...... 335 ...... Cabbages ...... so,8z6 57,195 15,194 2414:t0 4,719 Carrots · ...... 7,S76 4.596 14,063 9,038 ... Cauliflowers ...... 2,823 ... I 6,014 824 ... Celery ...... 765 14 z,53Z ...... Cress ...... 79 ...... Cucumbers ...... , ... 1,904 301. 1 73 ...... K ohl-rabi ...... Z92 ...... L ettuces...... 338 359 I,ozs 120 ... Marrows ...... 7,980. 13,196 I2.,263 z6,185 ... Onions · ...... I6,Z9S 7,446 6,888 957 ... p arsley...... 1,149 ...... p arsnips ...... 7,Ij8 7.639 3,173 18,928 ... p ease ...... 485 180 1,394 58z Pumpki~s<.; ...... 5,313 IJ,Hi ... 30,735 ... Radishes ...... 2,045 4,80? 394 144 ... Rh'ubarb: ...... 1,104 S49 424 2,020 ... s oup vegetables ...... M4S ...... So ... T omatoes ...... 790". 2,9.07 1.401 s86 ... T urnips and tops ...... 13,798 10,397 18,657, s,ou lOS F ruit, melons, &c...... 1,979 1,350 ... . 9,91.8 ... '• ·• 36

RETURN of Clothing Made up and Repaired by Male Patients the Year 188o. I Yarra Bend. Kew. Arnrat. Beech worth. Sunbury. Item. Made up./ Repaired. 1\fade up. Uepaired. Made up., Uepn!red. Made np./ Ucpalred. Made up. Repaired. --·····--····------1--· ------.------

Bags-letter 2 water I I B~its ... · Boots-men's 350 2 628 soled 97 , soled and heeled 958 341 .women's 13 117 ".. soled sole

RE:rURN of Clothing Made up and Repaired by Female Patients ·during the Year 1 88o.

·1 Yarra Bend. Kew. Ararat, Beeehworth. Sunbu,.Y. Item.

----·~---~.~. ______I Made up. UcP~tired.l~~~ UcP!li~ed. Made up. Ucpa!red. Made u~ UeP~tlrc~: Made up. Repaired.

Aprons ...... 26 ..·. 32 ... 25 ••• Blankets .., 77 140 68 395 74 Blinds-holland 20

Bonnets-sun 2,082 so so 542 200 1,811 Coats ... 393 573 Covers-hat 6o Curtains •..

Chemises-cotton ... 303 173 140 2,68o. flannel " 97 ss 2,004 1,6o4 Drawers ... 1.3 626 23 Dresses-canvas and duck .. . 376 s8o 147 , Iinsey and print .. . $20 959 3,248 2.,931 Gowns-night 5 30 344 Jumpers-canvas ... I$9 2,027 Petticoats-cotton 436 :1.51 791 120 2,146 IOO , fianne\ 245 143 815 95 2,033 2 ! 93 Pillowslips 242 s8o 120 99 31.0 685 662 Rugs lOO 66 Sheets 910 1,613 IOS :z.,539 Shirts-cotton 737 5.379 6n :z.,687 , serge •.. t6o 613 990 Socks and stockings 8,120 511 IO 3.934 4.778 Shrouds· ...... 3 Shawls Tablecloths 139 433 ~ricks-bed 97 120 834 221 , pillow 90 654 Towels 1 39 86 8o 302 Trousers .... :z.,os6 494 Tunics-boys' 9 ... Vests ... 626 ... 1,047 , flannel 237 n8 5s6 IOI Wool jackets 7 182. 37

APPENDIX B.

BENDIGO GOLD DISTRICT HOSPIT AL. TABLE I.-Showing the Admissions, Re-admissions, Discharges, and Deaths during the Year 188o.

Males, I Females. i Total. ___ , ___ , __ In the ward on rst January r88o

I Males. Females. ' Total. Admitted for the first time ...... Re-admitted ...... Transferred during the year ...... Retaken ...... :::ITTT I Total admitted ...... 16 I 8 Z4 ---1------Total. under care during the year ...... 17 I, 8 zs

Males. Females. I, Total. ______I ___ Discharged, removed, &c. :- Recovered ...... 6 3 9 Improved ... ,...... Transferred ...... io 5 15 Escaped ...... I Died ...... I ... I I Total discliarged, died, &c., during the year ...... __~_7 _ 1__ s _ __~_s_ 1 Remaining in the ward on the 31st December 188o, (inclusive of absent on trial, males and females) ......

CASTLEMAINE DISTRICT HOSPITAL. TABLE II.-Showfog the Admissions, Re-admissions, Discharges, and Deaths during the Year 188o.

Total. ~~~~:::. --- In the ward on ISt January 1.88o ...... J ... I ----Males. I Females. Total. Admitted for the first time ~ ...... 17 7 Z

.Male$. Females. Total. Discharged, removed, &c. :------Recovered ...... 8 2. 10 Improved ...... Transferred ...... 8 5 13 Escaped· ...... '. Died ......

Total 'discharged, died, &c., during the year ...... 16 7 2.3 ---- Remaining in the ward on the 31st December r88o (inclusive of absent --- on trial, males and females) ... · ...... 2. ... 2. 38

GEELONG INFIRMARY AND BENEVOLENT ASYLUM. (' ~ .. ~ "I rJ 'T ",. w if • ,.. t i TABLE IlL-Showing the Admissions, Re:adini~'sion~,· Digc:lharges, and Deaths during the Year 188o.

Males. Feme.les. TotaJ..

:: :'~ t .. Admitted for. the first time I I 26 He~admitted .. , Transferred during the year .... Hetaken ...

,l··•,.tl T9tal admitted ,..--'I-.5'--'---I----I-I'-'-· i:_· '. :z~_, ' Totalnnde~ care.during the year: 15 n ·-)t:·ii6:-·,:r ·;. ·i '•"' 'l', Males. Females. Total. Discharged, removed, &c.:- Recovered · II Tmpr'oved, '• . Transferred ''6 •' Escaped Died ••• • t. • ' '. t , •• ~.

Total disc~ged, died, &c., d~ring the year Remaining in the ward on the.3 1st December 188o (inclusive of absent on trial, males and females) .•• · ·. . ,,,,,

APPENDIX C.

TABLE showing the Number of Patients Visited and the Number of Miles Travelled by the Inspector of Lunatic Asylums during the Year t88o. r. Number of Number of Number of Miles Number ol Miles Pat!onts at Date !•t• j , · Patients at Date ~ ' I Travelled.· · Tiaveued; · Place and Date of VIsit. oi'Visit. Place and Date of Vts!t. of Vtsit.

·•·' Number. Total. Number.! Total. Toto.!. Number. Total. ----"------:------1·---.--~j------··----·+---- l '>: Y arra Bend Asylum.* Beechworth Asylum : ' . ) Kew Asylum : 6th March f ... 464 3SS 17th January t ... ' SSi ' 8 ISth June ...• 4(j0; ·t :; • P 355 '• t;i:ri!., :z.Jrd January t ... 886 8 I 7th Septe_m ber 4.57 ... 355;1: ~-i •• , I :z.gth January ... 887 ' t If gth Dece~jler ..... 448· ·.! • t: 11:355 r"i ~.. to:/~ 5th February t ... 883 8 ~ 118.29 ' .. . 1,4:z.o;; 6th February t ..... 883 8' Ioth Feb:ruaryt ... 88I 8 Sun bury Asylum: :z.:z.nd February t ... 884 "8 13th March t ... 887 8 I7.tll.,Fe}lr,uaryJ 1 . ..1.14. ·.'I i 5th March t ... 885 8 zgth September ' 431 5th May ...... 839 2 nth November 474 21st September ... 780 9th November ... '776 . -;' und November ... 744 ~; Cremorne Licensed House : ---- 11,096 :So ,, ~ .. 'I• ~5th June ...... Ararat Asylum : ;. t .:-;: ~-· :' 75th Augvst ...... j, Jlf.,_~ ,!~: 11th March t I 8" ... 398 ... t 32 .. 2.4th June ...... 408 pS 24th September 4I1. 328 "· ., Tot11-ls ...,, ·16th December ... I 416 rzs •'' 1,634 :1, • ~ .• ; t .I< •• ' ...

*. ylsited by .Board .of .. O,ffieitJ.l ..V!sitors-Dr. parker, Chairman; Drs. You!, Campbell, and lffia; and Messrs. Mason and .Dixon.... --··· t Visited by Acting Ins])(lctor. 39

APPENDIX D. .. LICENSED HOUSE FOR THE INSANE, CREMORNE. TABLE I.-Showing the Admissions, Re-admissions, Discharges, and Deaths during the Year 188o .

" .. Mllles • Females. Total. .. ; In the. licensed hon~e on 1st January 188o ...... II Il :z.:z...... ---Males • FemaleS. Toto.!; Admitted for the first time ...... 34 8 4:1. Re-admitted , ... ' ...... 2:1. 2 24 Transferred during the year ...... " Ret~e'n .•• · :•: ...... ·I ...... Total admitted ...... s6'" 10 66' ---. Total under care during the year ...... 67''' 2.1 88

Males. Females. Total. Discharged, removed, &c. :- .. Recovered ...... 53 10 63 Improved ...... I 3 4 Transferred ...... I 3 '4 . Escaped ...... ' ...... ; ... .. ,; ,, ·'" Died ...... , .. 3 I· 3 •c . ' • •• J . : .. ! Total discharged, died, &c., during the year ... ss 16 74 ---.:i ·Remaining in the licensed house on the 3ISt December 188o (inclusive of absent on trial, males and females) ... 5 I4 : .. ' . I A,,verage n~mbers resident during the year ...... -+-I 6 I5

LICENSED HOUSE FOR THE INSANE, CREMORNE. ' ~. . . TABLE !):-Showing the Admissions, Discharges, and. Deaths, with the Mean .Annu~l Mortality and Proportion of Recoveries, &c., per. Cent. on the Admissions, for the Years 1867 to t88o.

Dis~l)argcd. .. I Average Percentage of Admitted. Died. 0 Numbers and Deaths on the t ~~;~ilber Resident . /c:"Reli~~~ Average Numbers Reeovered. i . Relieved. i Transferred. . Year. Resident. i

Year. ! I I ! 00 1 .. .; .; .; ~I ~ ~ : ill "' 'd d ill j ill <3 I~ ~ 'd ill ~ i ~ ill ill ~ gj d i 8 s 8 ~ 8 3 3 ''d s ~ d 8 8 ~ 8 d "s 0 ., 0 ~ 0 0 0 0 0 d '3 <: " ~ ::;; ~ )l1 0 ~ ~"' .., ~ ~ ~ ~"' :; ~'" ~ ,_ :a ~ ... I'<'" ... I'<"' ... ~ '" --- - 1-- - i-"' - i--,-"' --"' - "' -"' ·-i------" --.-·----"' "' I867 3 ' 4 7 3 :!. s I I • ~ s 7& 78 6 n I868 :1.5 IO 35 :!.:!. 6 :!.8 3 ""' :1.3 .. SI SI ...... 5 II 5 :1.3 ~~ ...... I8f>9 33 B :1.3 15 38 I I :!. 3 I 4 4 I s 7 8 IS 7 7 14 ...... I870 36 ""'IS 51 zs 14 39 :!. .. :!. 4 :!. 6 :!. .. :!. 10 7 I7 8 7 IS ...... 1871 37 7 44 :r.8 6 34 4 .. 4 5 1 6 ':!. .. :!. .7 8 15 8 7 IS ...... 1871 35 47 :1.5 II 36 :!. .. :!. 4 I 5 I .. I IO 8 IS IS ...... !873 "9 ""6 H ::.6 8 34 4 I 5 ...... 8 4 ~ ~ 14 ...... I874 4I 15 ;6 41 8 1 :!...... I .. I 7 9 ""r6 7 6 13 ...... 1875 z; a 37 I9 9 ~ 1 I :!. 1 I :!. 1 .. I [0 9 19 7 7 •4 ...... 1876 ;6 u 48 3:1. !0 4:1. s I 6 :1. .. :!...... 9 IO 19 9 8 17 ...... 1877 39 10 49 "9 6 l5 4 .. 4 I :!. 3 ...... •4 n ::.6 !0 II :1.1 ...... •878 44 8 sz 42. s ' 47 5 :!. 7 3 I 4 ...... 8 II I9 [0 lO :1.0 ...... 1879 59 17 76 49 3 ':I. s 3 :!. s I .. [ [[ 9 li 88'14 88·:1.4 88-l6 Il'll .. '3 I 6:1. n j •• •o s 188o so 10 66153 10 63 I 3 4 I 3 4 3 .. 3 9 s 14 9 6 •s 1)6"42. 130"00 101"51 33'33 .. 10'00

LICENSED HOUSE FOR THE INSANE, CREMORNE. TABLE III.-Showing the Causes of Death during the Year I88o.

Cause of Death. Males. Females. Total.

Cerebral or spinal diseases :- Maniacal and melancholic exhaustion or decay ...... 3 .. . 3 40

LICENSED HOUSE FOR THE INSANE, CREMORNE.

TABLE IV.-Showing the Length of Residence ·of those Dischnrged Recovered and of those who have Died during the Year 188o.

Recovored. Died. Length of Residence. i Males. ~·emales. Total. Males. Females. Total.

Under I month 44 X 45 From 1 to 3 months 4 5 9 " 3 " 6 " 3 X 4 u 6 " 9 Jl z 3 5. Jt 9 ,, 12. " , r , . :t years ,, 2. ,, 3 " " 3 " 5 ... u 5 J) 7 " u 7 '' IO " , IO » 12. , I:t , 15 ,. Over 15 years .:.,._---1---·--''-""i____ ------Toto.l ... 53 IO .I 3 3

LICENSED .:a OUSE . FOR THE. INSANE, CREMO.ij,NE.

TABLE V.-Showing the Ages of Admissions, Discharges, and Deaths during the Year tSSo.

DisCharges. Admissions. Deatha. Ages. Recovered.

TotaL Males. Females. I Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. ---- From 5 to Io years IO I5 " I5 " zo " ... , zo ",, 30 " 3 z 5 z 3 5 I 30 40 " Z4 3 Z7 ZJ 4 Z7 z 3 ", 40 " so " ZJ 4 Z7 Z4 z z6 so " 6o " 5 X 6 4 ·x 5 :t " 6o " 70 " ... I ·X •' J. " 70 " So " ... " So " 90 ,," ...... 90 "and upwards" Unknown ------Total ... 56 10 66 53 IO 6 .8 3 3

By Authority: RonT. S. BRAIN, Acting Government Printer, Melbourne.