Journal of Clinical Medicine Article Angiopoietins, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors and Secretory Phospholipase A2 in Ischemic and Non-Ischemic Heart Failure Gilda Varricchi 1,2,3,4,* , Stefania Loffredo 1,2,3,4,* , Leonardo Bencivenga 1,5 , Anne Lise Ferrara 1,2,3 , Giuseppina Gambino 1, Nicola Ferrara 1, Amato de Paulis 1,2,3, Gianni Marone 1,2,3,4 and Giuseppe Rengo 1,6 1 Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy;
[email protected] (L.B.);
[email protected] (A.L.F.);
[email protected] (G.G.);
[email protected] (N.F.);
[email protected] (A.d.P.);
[email protected] (G.M.);
[email protected] (G.R.) 2 Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy 3 World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, 80100 Naples, Italy 4 Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80100 Naples, Italy 5 Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy 6 Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Via Bagni Vecchi, 1, 82037 Telese BN, Italy * Correspondence:
[email protected] (G.V.); stefanialoff
[email protected] (S.L.) Received: 1 June 2020; Accepted: 17 June 2020; Published: 19 June 2020 Abstract: Heart failure (HF) is a growing public health burden, with high prevalence and mortality rates. In contrast to ischemic heart failure (IHF), the diagnosis of non-ischemic heart failure (NIHF) is established in the absence of coronary artery disease. Angiopoietins (ANGPTs), vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and secretory phospholipases A2 (sPLA2s) are proinflammatory mediators and key regulators of endothelial cells.