Autonomous and Unmanned Systems in the Department of the Navy
Final Report Naval Research Advisory Committee 1 This report is a product of the U.S. Naval Research Advisory Committee (NRAC) Panel on Autonomous and Unmanned Systems in the Department of the Navy. Statements, opinions, recommendations, and/or conclusions contained in this report are those of the NRAC Panel and do not necessarily represent the official position of the U.S. Navy, or the Department of Defense. ii Table of Contents Executive Summary Page iv-vii Main Report Page 1-46 Appendices: Page 46-67 A. Terms of Reference B. Members C. Fact Finding Contributors D. Acronyms E. Glossary of Terms iii Executive Summary Autonomous systems, both mobile and “at rest,” are poised to revolutionize warfare as completely as have steel, gunpowder, electricity, aviation, and computers. If we do not radically change the path we are on, America’s adversaries may soon be able to defeat us in several potential arenas because of their rapidly increasing military capacity combined with their more aggressive fielding of autonomous capability. It follows that if the United States military does not lead in the development, fielding, and exploitation of autonomous technology, America is in danger of losing military pre-eminence. Numerous reports conducted for the Department of the Navy, the Department of Defense, and our sister Services have endorsed the importance of autonomy and unmanned systems. The commercial sector leads in the development of autonomous capabilities today. Advances in machine learning technologies, such as Deep Learning, underlie widely reported accomplishments such as the IBM Watson Jeopardy and AlphaGo victories over human champions. As the opportunities for financial gain or looming irrelevance become clear, industries as disparate as advertising, finance, automotive, cyber, medicine, aviation, and maritime transport are investing heavily in the development of autonomous and/or unmanned systems.
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