Practical Knowledge for a Fairer, Safer, Sustainable World Join the SDSN Join the SDSN
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SDGs EDITION 2021 PracticaContributorsl kn include:owledge for a fairer,Amina J.safe Mohammedr, sust • Jeffreyainabl D. Sachse world Maimunah Mohd Sharif • Preeti Sinha Peter Bakker • Miguel Ángel Moratinos Teresa Ribera • Johan Rockström Kirsten Brosbøl • Nebojsa Nakicenovic Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka Practical knowledge for a fairer, safer, sustainable world Join the SDSN Join the SDSN The Sustainable Development Solutions Network SDSN's National and Regional Networks (SDSN)The Sustainable mobilizes globalDevelopment scientific Solutionsand technological Network SpanningSDSN's National 6 continents, and Regionalthe SDSN Networks network is expertise(SDSN) mobilizes to promote global practical scientific solutions and technological for comprisedSpanning 6 of continents, over 1,400 the member SDSN networkinstitutions, is sustainableexpertise to development, promote practical including solutions the for consistingcomprised of of universities, over 1,400 memberresearch institutions,centers, civil implementationsustainable development, of the Sustainable including Development the societyconsisting organizations, of universities, and researchother knowledge centers, centerscivil Goalsimplementation (SDGs) and of the the Paris Sustainable Climate Agreement.Development committedsociety organizations, to supporting and the other implementation knowledge centers of the Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Climate Agreement. 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Membership Benefits | Free to Join Membership Benefits | Free to Join Join a Global Network Work With Us Advocacy & Awareness Join a Global Network Work With Us Advocacy & Awareness Access to SDSN Mobilize, our Collaborate with the SDG Elevate your voice and vibrantAccess members-onlyto SDSN Mobilize sustainable, our AcademyCollaborate, SDSN with Youththe SDG, brandElevate to your a renowned voice and developmentvibrant members-only community sustainable SDGsAcademy Today, SDSN, and YouthSDSN ,TReNDS academicbrand to aaudience renowned development community SDGs Today, and SDSN TReNDS academic audience Leverage SDSN expertise Participate in annual SDSN events: Contribute to SDSN forLeverage teaching, SDSN research, expertise and InternationalParticipate in annual Conference SDSN onevents: publicationsContribute to to SDSN advance local/nationalfor teaching, research, sustainable and SustainableInternational Development Conference (ICSD)on policypublications advocacy to advance developmentlocal/national projects sustainable andSustainable Global Solutions Development Forum (ICSD) (GSF) policy advocacy development projects and Global Solutions Forum (GSF) Access top-tier experts Gain access to international Participate in actions for andAccess young top-tier professionals experts processesGain access such to internationalas the UN's sustainableParticipate indevelopment actions for workingand young in sustainability professionals Generalprocesses Assembly such as andthe UN's aroundsustainable the world development working in sustainability ConferenceGeneral Assembly of the Partiesand (COP) around the world Conference of the Parties (COP) CONTENTS Contents 26 FOREWORD 16 Governance tested We must urgently innovate and democratize 8 Healing people and planet our governance structures if we’re to thwart The pandemic makes the SDGs even more the existential threats facing humankind. relevant, even more critical to ensure that we By Adolf Kloke-Lesch leave no one behind. By Amina J. Mohammed 23 Acting on science We need bold reform now to place science INTRODUCTION genuinely at the heart of decision-making. By Kirsten Brosbøl and Neena Joshi 10 A global roadmap for recovery The SDGs provide a ready-made plan for 26 Fostering innovation tackling humankind’s two greatest threats: The Decade of Action demands rapid COVID-19 and climate change. The solutions and impactful innovation in all areas to are within our reach. By Jeffrey D. Sachs make Agenda 2030 a reality. By Nebojsa Nakicenovic CROSS-CUTTING THEMES 30 Speeding up progress “Incubators for transformative partnerships” 12 Recovery built on the SDGs could be a critical tool to fast-track action on The SDGs provide the only possible path to the SDGs. By Carlos Mataix Aldeanueva, lead us from current crises to a future of long- Teresa Sánchez Chaparro, Julio Lumbreras term survival for our planet and inhabitants. Martín, Jaime Moreno Serna, and Miguel By Phoebe Koundouri Soberón SDG ACTION 3 CONTENTS HEALTH 48 Lessons from COVID-19 The pandemic has cruelly exposed social inequities and set back progress on the SDGs. But it also gives us critical insights on what must change in our global mission to build a more just, secure, and sustainable future. By Salim S. Abdool Karim and Cheryl Baxter 51 Tackling NCDs In current times, it’s easy to forget that over 70% of deaths worldwide are due to non- communicable diseases. How can we tackle their rise? By Nísia Trindade Lima and Carlos A. Grabois Gadelha 53 Better living through nutrition Despite the will, many developing countries lack the resources to deal with a problem that ravages at both the national and individual level. We need smarter, context-specific 10 solutions on nutrition that can catalyze sustainable change. By Namukolo Covic 32 Education to achieve the SDGs 56 Universal healthcare post-COVID Making the SDGs a reality will require people With the pandemic demonstrating that with new mindsets as well as new skills. By “no one is safe until everyone is safe,” the Chandrika Bahadur and María Cortés Puch case for universal health coverage has never been clearer. How do we achieve it? 35 A new era of multilateralism? By K. Srinath Reddy The last four years have seen a fractured and antagonistic approach to global affairs. Is a 59 Spending smarter on health new era possible? By Miguel Ángel Moratinos Achieving good health and well-being for all by 2030, while restoring public finances, will need 38 America back on board cost-effective spending on health. The US is once again committed to tackling By Zulfiqar A. Bhutta and Jai K. Das climate change. Can it succeed, and take the rest of the world with it? By Elena Crete, Helen Bond, Dan Esty, and Gordon C. McCord SOCIETY 41 At the turning point? 62 Building a more equal world After years of rhetoric and little action, is Post-pandemic, we must go beyond lifting this year finally the moment when political people out of poverty and tackle the deeper will, technological advancement, and ESG structural causes of inequality at all levels. investment combine to set the Earth on a path By Max Lawson to net zero? By Jeffrey D. Sachs 65 Equality for women 44 No alternatives to facts The pandemic is negatively impacting women Improvements in technology have made more than men, by exacerbating already information more accessible than ever. Then entrenched inequalities. We need bold, why has public debate in recent years been transformative action if we are to achieve overrun with false narratives, and what can be SDG 5 by the end of the decade. done? By Grant Cameron By Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka 4 SDG ACTION CONTENTS 68 Achieving the just transition 89 Bridging the growing finance gap The phasing out of fossil fuels must be fair to We must rapidly accelerate the take-up all, including those communities dependent of financial instruments for sustainable on polluting industries. By Robert Pollin development if we’re to meet the 2030 deadline. By Felipe Larraín Bascuñán and Luis E. Gonzales-Carrasco CITIES 94 Reinventing capitalism 70 Cities as vanguards for action Business leaders are rallying behind a bold This decade, we must transform how agenda for business action and long-term cities operate to drive global efforts on value creation, fully aligned with the SDGs and sustainable development, climate action, the Paris Agreement. By Peter Bakker and recovery from COVID-19. By Maimunah Mohd Sharif 96 Rooting out bad money From illegal pollution to terrorism, one critical 72 Greening older buildings way to curb nefarious action is to identify and While regulations for new buildings are cut off its finance. ByOlajumoke M. Akiode improving sustainability, the vast majority of existing properties predate these rules. How can we “fix” older buildings? ByAlexei Trundle 12 74 Towards emission-free mobility in cities For cities of the future, the car will not be king. Redesigning cities to promote sustainable and safer forms of transport must start now. By Alejandro Saniger 78 A new approach to waste We must urgently find ways to turn burgeoning waste from cities into a resource. By Stella Kasiva and James Mwololo 80 Reimagining cities For the world’s growing urban populations, the “new normal” must mean sustainable places to live and work, and ways to travel. By Barbara Norman and Peter Newman FINANCE 82 Long-term focus? Six years after signing up to sustainable development and climate action, are countries’ plans fit for purpose to make long- term change? By Guillaume Lafortune and Finn Woelm 86 Fair finance Development in low-income countries is too often thwarted by lack of access to finance. We must connect promising projects in these nations with the capital lifeline they need and 65 deserve. By Preeti Sinha SDG ACTION 5 CONTENTS 111 Respecting planetary boundaries Climate is just one of nine identified ‘planetary boundaries’, beyond which humanity’s future comes under threat. By Johan Rockström NATURAL RESOURCES 114 Sustainable mining How can we ensure