Historic Inventory Form
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MINNESOTA ARCHITECTURE - HISTORY INVENTORY FORM Project: Local Historic Bridge Study - Phase II Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota Identification SHPO Inventory Number HE-MPC-04286 Historic Name Minnesota Soldiers' Home Bridge Review and Compliance Number Current Name Bridge 5756 (Minnesota Soldiers' Home Bridge) Form (New or Updated) Updated Field # Description Address N/A Slodiers Home Road over Minnehaha Creek Linear Feature? No City/Twp Minneapolis HPC Status: Unknown Resource Type Structure County Hennepin Architect/Engineer Bayne and Hewett Legal Desc. Twp 28 Range 23 Sec 17 QQ NWSW Style No Style USGS Quad St. Paul West Construction Date 1908 UTM Zone 15N Datum NAD83 Easting 483659 Northing 4973243 Original Use Transportation Property ID (PIN) Current Use Transportation Description Bridge 5756, also known as the Minnesota Soldiers’ Home Bridge, is located in the southeast corner of Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota. Built in 1908, the bridge carries Soldiers’ Home Road over Minnehaha Creek and provides access to the Minnesota Soldiers’ Home (now the Minneapolis Veterans Home) from Minnehaha Park. The bridge has a southwest to northeast alignment, extending between Minnehaha Park on the west and the Minnesota Soldiers’ Home on the east. The valley it crosses consists of dense woods, with Minnehaha Creek and trails near its bottom. The bridge carries vehicular and pedestrian traffic. Bridge 5756 is a steel deck arch structure of riveted construction with steel cross-bracing. The Soldiers’ Home Bridge is 626.50 feet in length with a main span of length of 288 feet and an out-and-out width of 31.33 feet. The substructure of the bridge consists of reinforced concrete abutments and eight reinforced-concrete footings. The superstructure of the bridge consists of nine total spans, one main span, two approach spans to the west side of the main span and six approach spans to the east of the main span. From west to east, Span 1 is a deck beam, Span 2 is a deck girder, Span 3 (main span) is a steel arch, Spans 4-8 are deck girders, and Span 9 is a deck beam. The approach spans rest on latticed piers resting on concrete footings. The main span is a three-hinged steel arch. There are 16 open-braced spandrel sections along the main span. The steel arch has riveted connections and latticed braces and supports. The supports are connected by steel cross braces. A modern metal pipe runs through the bridge cross braces along the length of the entire bridge. Seven steel stringers rest on the steel arch and support the deck. Installed in 2001, the deck material is closed grating and the wear surface type is monolithic concrete. The deck is protected by epoxy-coated rebar. The bridge steel is painted with organic zinc and urethane. The bridge has a 20 foot wide, two-lane roadway with four foot wide sidewalks on either side with a curb height of 0.75 feet. A four foot high ornamental steel guardrail is located along the sides of the bridge. The guardrail features a metal X-pattern on the upper half and a metal lattice pattern on the lower half. There are double angled-posts and square posts between the railing sections. An eight foot tall chain link fence with a curved top is located on the inside of the historic railing. An approximately two foot tall tubular steel guardrail is located on the inside edge of the sidewalks. There are four light standards running along on either side of the bridge. The light standards are located atop square posts placed along the length of the bridge and on the approach railing posts at the west end of the structure. The light standards have metal columns with acanthus leaf capitals and spherical globes. The light standards at the wing walls have four globes while the standards on the bridge have one globe. There are four foot high, curved concrete railings at either end of the bridge. The Neoclassical-style railings have square posts at each end and a single closed, recessed panel railing. On the west end, “Minnesota Veterans Home” is written in metal channel letters across these railings. A Minnesota Soldiers’ Home Board plaque and a builder’s plaque have been placed on HE-MPC-04286 MINNESOTA ARCHITECTURE - HISTORY INVENTORY FORM Project: Local Historic Bridge Study - Phase II Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota each of the eastern wing walls (MnDOT 2010; Ellerbe Becket 1997). Integrity - The Minnesota Soldiers’ Home Bridge remains in its original location in Minnehaha Park and retains its integrity of setting and location. The bridge was rehabilitated in 1999 (plans date to 1997). As part of the rehabilitation, the bridge was strengthened and reopened to vehicular traffic. The bridge deck and transfer girders were replaced in-kind, additional diagonal bracing was added to the ends of the main span, the abutments were replaced in-kind, the end spandrel columns and pier frame columns were strengthened, and some of the foundations were repaired (August 2, 2010 letter from Paul E. Steward, P.E., Vice President, Structural Engineering Services Thatcher Engineering, Inc. to Doug Kelley, Minnesota Real Estate and Construction Services). Additional railings were added to the bridge and the original light standards were replicated. The dimensions of the sidewalk and roadbed were also slightly changed (Ellerbe Becket 1997, Bernard Jacob Architects Ltd. 1993). A large pipe was also placed under the bridge deck, but does not affect the bridge design as it runs through the trusses and the attachment to the bridge deck is minimal. Based on an analysis of the rehabilitation plans and pre and post-construction (1997) photographs, the rehabilitation did not significantly alter the original design of the bridge, and all work appears to have been done in accordance with the “SOI’s Standards”, which stipulate that, “a property will be used as it was historically; materials and features for the restoration period will be retained and preserved; deteriorated features will be repaired rather than replaced; when replacement of a feature is required new features will match the old in design, color, texture, and materials (NPS 2013). Therefore, the bridge retains its integrity of design, materials, and workmanship. The Soldiers’ Home Bridge retains its historic use and function as it continues to carry the Soldiers’ Home Road over Minnehaha Creek, connecting the Minnesota Veterans Home with Minnehaha Park. Therefore, the bridge retains its integrity of feeling and association with the Minnesota Veterans Home. Therefore, the Soldiers’ Home Bridge retains sufficient integrity to convey its historical significance as a contributing resource to the Minnesota Soldiers’ Home Historic District and its individual significance within the context “Historic Iron and Steel Bridges in Minnesota, 1873-1945.” EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS Historical Context Historic Iron and Steel Bridges in Minnesota, 1873-1945 Historical Narrative Bridge 5756 was built in 1908 to provide vehicular and pedestrian access over Minnehaha Creek to the Minnesota Soldiers’ Home. The bridge was constructed by bridge builders Bayne and Hewett of Minneapolis, Minnesota. The bridge materials were fabricated by the Minneapolis Steel and Machinery Company of Minneapolis. The Soldiers’ Home Bridge was financed by the trustees of the Soldier’s Home with portions paid for by the Minneapolis Board of Park Commissioners at a cost of $40,000 dollars (The Board of Park Commissioners 1908:32). The Minnesota Legislature approved the creation of the Minnesota Soldiers’ Home in 1887 in response to a petition by the Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Minnesota, to provide relief for the Minnesota Indigent Veterans of the Civil War (Minneapolis Veterans Home 1992). Seventeen cities and towns throughout Minnesota offered land for the Soldiers’ Home, and after much deliberation, a site was chosen on the southeast fringe of Minneapolis, near the confluence of Minnehaha Creek and the Mississippi River. The 52 acres of land for the Soldiers’ Home was donated by the Minneapolis Board of Park Commissioners in 1889 (Minneapolis Veterans Home 1992; Smith 2008:167-168). The development of the Minnesota Soldiers' Home in Minneapolis was associated with the creation of Minnehaha Park. In 1883, the Minneapolis Board of Park Commissioners hired Horace W. S. Cleveland to design an overall park plan for the city. Cleveland was a park designer and advocate who lived in Minneapolis for over a decade in the latter half of the 1800s. The Grand Rounds is a series of parkways encircling the city and connecting lakes, rivers, creeks, and other natural features, and continued to be developed and expanded throughout the twentieth century. Development of the Grand Rounds included the construction of bridges connecting roads and paths between waterways. In 2000, the Grand Rounds were determined eligible for the National Register. As such, this bridge is considered a contributing resource to the eligible Grand Rounds Historic HE-MPC-04286 MINNESOTA ARCHITECTURE - HISTORY INVENTORY FORM Project: Local Historic Bridge Study - Phase II Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota District. Although the land around Minnehaha Falls was not yet a part of the City of Minneapolis, Cleveland’s plan included a southern terminus at the falls (Minneapolis Veterans Home 1992; Smith 2008:167-168). In 1885, the Minnesota Legislature authorized the creation of a park at Minnehaha Falls and a commission was established to select and appraise land to be purchased for the park. The commission selected 123 acres of land around the falls and along Minnehaha Creek to the Mississippi River. However, due to legal disputes with nearby land owners, the Legislature did not authorize the purchase of the land until 1889 (Minneapolis Veterans Home 1992; Smith 2008:167-168). Although a part of the Minnesota Soldiers’ Home, the Minneapolis Board of Park Commissioners had authority over the approval and construction of the Soldiers’ Home Bridge since it was partly within Minnehaha Park (Smith 2008:169-170).