Your Guide to Indiana History

What’s A Hoosier? Your Guide to Indiana History Distributed by:Distributed by: IndianaHouse House Speaker Republicans Brian Bosma www.IndianaHouseRepublicans.com [email protected](800) 382www.IndianaHouseRepublicans.com - 9841 (800) 382 - 9841 Table of Contents 3 Indiana Facts 4 Native American Heritage 5 Early Hoosiers and Statehood 7 Agriculture and the Hoosier Economy 8 Hoosier Accomplishments 9 Famous Hoosiers 10 History Scramble 11 Multiple Choice Quiz 12 True or False Quiz 13 Answers to Quizzes Information for this booklet made possible from: www.indianahistory.org, IN.gov and Indiana: The World Around Us MacMillian/McGraw - Hill, 1991 Indiana Facts STATE FLAG STATE SEAL POPULATION The star above the torch The State Seal depicts a Indiana is the 15th stands for Indiana, which pioneer scene portraying largest state. According was the 19th state to “how the early people of to the 2010 U.S. join the Union. The state Indiana overcame the Census, 6,483,802 colors are blue and gold. wilderness.” The seal has Hoosiers live here. been in use since 1801, adopted until 1963. but it was not officially STATE BIRD STATE CAPITAL STATE FLOWER In 1933, the The capital of Indiana From 1931 to 1957, cardinal was is Indianapolis. The the zinnia was the selected as the state Statehouse is located bird by the Indiana in Indianapolis. In 1957, the Indiana General Assembly. stateGeneral flower Assembly of Indiana. Indiana capital from adopted the peony as Corydon1813 wasto 1825. the first the state flower. Our Native American History|3 Our Native American Heritage Indiana means “the land of the Indians.” Early Native Americans lived like nomads. A nomad is a person who moves from place to place in search for food. Native Americans made spears from stone tips. They used these spears to hunt large animals, like the mammoth. Native Americans later learned to hunt faster animals with bow and arrows. Native Americans also found Eventually,food by fishing the Nativeand gathering Americans plants. stopped moving from place to place and settled down to become farmers. They grew plants like corn, beans, squash and tobacco. Because the Native Americans began to stay in one place, villages and towns were formed. Many different Native American groups lived in Indiana. These groups included the Potawatomi, Shawnee, Wyandotte, Piankaska, Delaware and Miami. Little Turtle The Miami were one of the most important Native American Miami Chief tribes. They lived between the Wabash and White Rivers, and often used canoes to travel down the river. This river route provided a way for people to trade who lived far away from each other. The Miami grew pumpkins, melons, beans and most importantly corn. They found that corn was easy to grow because of the long, hot summers and the fertile soil, near the rivers. Today, farmers in Indiana are still growing thousands of acres of corn in the Wabash Valley area each year. Kekionga was the most important Miami village. Kekionga was located in north-central Indiana between the Wabash and Maumee Rivers. It was near an important portage, or a path to cross land, where people can carry boats and goods from one body of water to another. This portage was important because the Miami used the rivers for trade and travel. Kekionga was located where Fort Wayne is today. The Native Americans were also builders of mounds. Mounds are large piles of earth. Archaeologists believe the mounds were used as places to worship and as homes for their chiefs. Mounds State Park in Anderson and Angel Mounds State Historic Site near Evansville offer a glimpse into the Native Americans’ past. 4|Answers Early Hoosiers and Statehood most famous explorers was Robert La Salle. He discovered a route from the Great Lakes to the KankakeeThe first people River, which to arrive helped in Indiana French furfrom traders Europe move were to FrenchIndiana furand traders. open trading One of posts. France’s The French befriended the Native Americans who were living in Indiana and began trading goods for valuable furs to send to Europe. The French often lived among the Native Americans and learned about their way of life. In turn, they taught the Native Americans the French way of life. Soon, the Native Americans began to depend on trade goods supplied by the French. To protect the fur traders, the French built forts throughout the area. Fort Ouiatenon was built on the Wabash River in 1717. It was named for the Wea Indians, a part of the Miami Tribe. This fort is still located near present-day Lafayette. Forts were also built near Vincennes and Kekionga, located near the Wabash River. The river became a major trade route for the French. In the 1750s, British fur traders moved into areas where the French were trading. While most Native Americans preferred to trade with the French, some decided to trade with the British. This competition upset the French, and the countries went to war. The Native Americans aligned themselves with the French and fought the British from 1754 to 1763. This was known as the French and Indian War. In Indiana, the British took control of Fort Ouiatenon and Fort Miami which allowed them to control the Wabash River and the fur trade. The war between the British and French ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. Now the British controlled the French forts, but the Native Americans did not like this change. since British settlers were using Indiana land for farming. Pontiac workedPontiac, toa Nativeunite all American of the Native leader, American decided tribesto fight in theIndiana British to Native American capturing Fort Miami and Fort Ouiatenon from the British. leader Pontiac fight against the British. The Native Americans were successful in Our Native American History|5 Early Hoosiers and Statehood However, once winter came along the Native American warriors needed to move back to their villages and could not guard the forts from the British troops. Eventually, the British recaptured the forts and the Native Americans began to trade with the British. The Native Americans agreed to trade with the British because the British guaranteed that they would not move west of the Appalachian Mountains. However, the colonists did not like being told what to do by the British government and they began to move into the frontier. The confrontations between the colonists and the British government led to the American Revolution, which lasted from 1776-1783. When the American colonists won the Revolutionary War, America’s borders expanded all the way to the Mississippi River. The American government called this new land the Northwest Territory. This land to the United States. was not officially recognized as individual states, but it did belong During the 1780s, pioneers from the eastern states began to move into the new territory. Again, the Native Americans became concerned because the new settlers were taking over and farming their land. Miami Chief Little Turtle organized more than 1,000 warriors to William Henry Harrison, Little Turtle decided that the Native Americans must seek peace Indiana’s first governor withfight thethe American settlers. Chief soldiers. Little After Turtle the Battleand General of Fallen Anthony Timbers, Wayne Chief signed the Treaty of Greenville. General Wayne promised to let the Native Americans live in the western part of the Northwest Territory and to pay them for the land the Native Americans gave them. The pioneers were then allowed to live in the eastern part of the territory. for 12 years. During this time, Indiana’s population continued to grow, and Indiana became the 19thWilliam state Henry on December Harrison 11,was 1816. named the first governor of the Indiana Territory and he governed In 2016, Indiana will celebrate 200 years of being a state. 6| Answers Agriculture and the Hoosier Economy Agriculture has a strong tradition in Indiana and contributes an estimated $25 billion a year to the state’s economy. Agriculture is part of every aspect of our lives, regardless of where we live through the basic essentials of food, clothing and shelter. Indiana’s Top Agriculture Products Source: IN.gov/isda CORN SOYBEANS HOGS DAIRY CHICKEN EGGS Indiana is part of the Indiana ranks 5th Indiana’s 2,000 dairy Indiana ranks 3rd in Corn Belt States and in the nation for largest producer farms produce more the U.S. with more ranks 5th among corn soybean production. Indianaof pork isin the the fifth- U.S. than 393 million than 23 million egg producing states in Indiana farmers There are more gallons of milk each layers (chickens the U.S. In a typical produce nearly than 3,000 pork year. A cow produces that lay eggs). Eggs year, almost half 10% of all soybeans farmers in Indiana. an average of 6.3 contain all the of all cropland in grown in the U.S. Soy Pig fat can be used gallons of milk daily essential protein, Indiana is planted ink is used to print in a variety of and 350,000 glasses minerals and in corn. Corn is a newspapers and products, including of milk in a lifetime. vitamins. Egg yolks major component textbooks. One acre weed killers, chalk, The average Indiana are one of the few in many food items of soybeans dairy herd has foods that naturally like cereals, peanut can produce wax, crayons 84 cows. contain Vitamin D. butter, snack foods 82,368 crayons. cosmetics,and antifreeze. floor There are roughly and soft drinks. 280 million laying birds in the U. S. Indiana is also the second biggest producer of popcorn in the country. Orville Redenbacher, from Brazil, Indiana, started one of the biggest popcorn companies in America.

Load more