Colloquium Report
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
FUTURE INSTITUTION OF ENGG.&TECHNOLOYG, BAREILLY COLLOQUIUM REPORT ON Blade Servers MCA-611 Of MASTER OF COMPUTER APPLICATION SUBMITTED BY SUMIT KUMAR 1047614044 2012-2013 Under the supervision of Ms. Neha Agrawal Department of Computer Applications Future Institute of Engineering and Technology Bareilly NH-24, CERTIFICATE This is certify that the colloquium entitled has been carried out by Mr./Ms. Of M.C.A Semester-VI Approval No. as a partial fulfillment of the course, for the Academic Year 2012-2013. COLLOQUIUM OF MCA Academic Year Approved By Internal Guide Name and Sign (Examiners) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT One must be grateful for the co-operation and assistance given in ties self-oriented Individualistic world, which is very difficult from each and everyone. Even I cannot in full measure, reciprocate the kindness shown and contribution made by various persons in this endeavor, though I shall always remember them with high gratitude. I must, however, specially acknowledge my indebtness to Mr. Abhishek Saxena(Asst.Director and H.O.D. FIET, Bareilly) who provided me the opportunity to do my Research in FIET Bareilly. I am also very much thankful to Ms. Neha Agarwal( Internal Project Advisor appointed by the Department) who gave me his continuous guidance and encourage me continuously during my training. I shall always very much thankful to. I extend my heartiest gratitude for providing me the opportunity to be a part of an esteemed research like Blade Servers. Abstract Blade servers are self-contained computer servers, designed for high density. Slim, hot swappable blade servers fit in a single chassis like books in a bookshelf - and each is an independent server, with its own processors, memory, storage, network controllers, operating system and applications. The blade server simply slides into a bay in the chassis and plugs into a mid- or backplane, sharing power, fans, floppy drives, switches, and ports with other blade servers. Blade servers are self-contained computer servers, designed for high density. Whereas a standard rack-mount server can exist with (at least) a power cord and network cable, blade servers have many components removed for space, power and other considerations while still having all the functional components to be considered a computer .A blade enclosure provides services such as power, cooling, networking, various interconnects and management – though different blade providers have differing principles around what should and should not be included in the blade itself (and sometimes in the enclosure altogether). Together these form the blade system. In a standard server-rack configuration, 1U (one rack unit, 19" wide and 1.75" tall) is the minimum possible size of any equipment. The principal benefit of and the reason behind the push towards, blade computing is that components are no longer restricted to these minimum size requirements. The most common computer rack form-factor being 42U high, this limits the number of discrete computer devices directly mounted in a rack to 42 components. Blades do not have this limitation; densities of 100 computers per rack and more are achievable with the current generation of blade systems TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF FIGURES 1. INTRODUCTION 2. HISTORY 3. BLADE ENCLOSURE 1. POWER 2. COOLING 3. NETWORKING 4. STORAGE 5. OTHER BLADES 6. USES 7. BLADE MODELS 8. CONCLUSION 9. FUTURE ENHANCEMENT 10. BIBLIOGRAPHY INTRODUCTION A blade server is a stripped-down server computer with a modular design optimized to minimize the use of physical space and energy. Whereas a standard rack-mount server can function with (at least) a power cord and network cable, blade servers have many components removed to save space, minimize power consumption and other considerations, while stillhaving all the functional components to be considered a computer.[clarification needed] A blade enclosure, which can hold multiple blade servers, provides services such as power, cooling,networking, various interconnects and management. Together, blades and the blade enclosure form a blade system (also the name of a proprietary solution from Hewlett-Packard). Different blade providers have differing principles regarding what to include in the blade itself, and in the blade system altogether. Figure: IBM HS20 blade server. Two bays for 2.5" (6.4 cm) SCSI hard drives appear in the upper left area of the image. In a standard server-rack configuration, 1U (one rack unit, 19" [48 cm] wide and 1.75" [4.45 cm]tall) defines the minimum possible size of any equipment. The principal benefit and justification of blade computing relates to lifting this restriction so as to reduce size requirements. The most common computer rack form-factor is 42U high, which limits the number of discrete computer devices directly mountable in a rack to 42 components. Blades do not have this limitation. As of 2009, densities of up to 128 discrete servers per rack are achievable with blade systems. HISTORY Developers first placed complete microcomputers on cards and packaged them in standard 19- inch racks in the 1970s soon after the introduction of 8-bit microprocessors. This architecture operated in the industrial process control industry as an alternative to minicomputer control- systems. Early models stored programs in EPROM and were limited to a single function with a small real time executive. The VMEbus architecture (ca. 1981) defined a computer interface which included implementation of a board-level computer installed in a chassis backplane with multiple slots for pluggable boards to provide I/O, memory, or additional computing. The PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturers Group PICMG developed a chassis/blade structure for the then emerging Peripheral Component Interconnect bus PCI which is called CompactPCI. Common among these chassis based computers was the fact that the entire chassis was a single system. While a chassis might include multiple computing elements to provide the desired level of performance and redundancy, there was always one board in charge, one master board coordinating the operation of the entire system. PICMG expanded the CompactPCI specification with the use of standard Ethernet connectivity between boards across the backplane. The PICMG 2.16 CompactPCI Packet Switching Backplane specification was adopted in Sept 2001 (PICMG specifications). This provided the first open architecture for a multi-server chassis. PICMG followed with the larger and more feature-rich AdvancedTCA specification targeting the telecom industry's need for a high availability and dense computing platform with extended product life (10+ years). While AdvancedTCA system and boards typically sell for higher prices than blade servers, AdvancedTCA suppliers claim that low operating-expenses and total-cost-of-ownership can make AdvancedTCA-based solutions a cost-effective alternative for many building blocks of the next generation telecom network. The first commercialized blade server architecture[citation needed] was invented by Christopher Hipp and David Kirkeby and their patent (US 6411506) was assigned to Houston-based RLX Technologies.[15] RLX, which consisted of mostly former Compaq Computer Corp employees, including Hipp and Kirkeby, shipped its first commercial blade server in 2001[16] and was acquired by Hewlett Packard (HP) in 2005.[17] In February 2006, Blade.org was established to increase the number of blade platform solutions available for customers and to accelerate the process of bringing them to market. It is a collaborative organization and developer community focused on accelerating the development and adoption of IBM blade server platforms. It is no longer available. The name blade server appeared when a card included the processor, memory, I/O and non- volatile program storage (flash memory or small hard disk(s)). This allowed manufacturers to package a complete server, with its operating system and applications, on a single card / board / blade. These blades could then operate independently within a common chassis, doing the work of multiple separate server boxes more efficiently. In addition to the most obvious benefit of this packaging (less space-consumption), additional efficiency benefits have become clear in power, cooling, management, and networking due to the pooling or sharing of common infrastructure to supports the entire chassis, rather than providing each of these on a per server box basis. The research firm IDC identified [18] the major players in the blade market as HP, IBM, Dell, and Cisco. Other companies selling blade servers include AVADirect, Oracle, Egenera, Supermicro, Hitachi, Fujitsu, Rackable (Hybrid Blade), Cirrascale and Intel. Blade enclosure Enclosure (or chassis) performs many of the non-core computing services found in most computers. Non-blade systems typically use bulky, hot and space-inefficient components, and may duplicate these across many computers that may or may not perform at capacity. By locating these services in one place and sharing them between the blade computers, the overall utilization becomes higher. The specifics of which services are provided may vary by vendor. Power Computers operate over a range of DC voltages, but utilities deliver power as AC, and at higher voltages than required within computers. Converting this current requires one or more power supply units (or PSUs). To ensure that the failure of one power source does not affect the operation of the computer, even entry-level servers may have redundant power supplies, again adding to the bulk and heat output