APPENDIX 1 [Available As a Download] List of Animal-Derived Fibres and Materials*

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

APPENDIX 1 [available as a download] List of animal-derived fibres and materials*: Animal Materials & Fibres Colourings & Dyes Glues & Waxes Leather, Suede Wool / Animal hair Shell Ingredients derived Milk or egg protein Waxes from To note: Shearling including but Alpaca Capiz (mollusc) from insects Albumen animals wax is made by either not limited to: Angora Chitosan (crustacean) Carmine / Casein paint (milk Arachidyl bees or secretion of Exotic skins such as Boar bristles Nacre / Mother of Cochineal protein) propionate (similar the sebaceous glands Alligator Camel hair pearl Kermesic acid Casein glue (milk to lanolin) of wool-bearing Sheep / Lambskin Cashgora Pearl Lac protein) Beeswax animals - sometimes Goat Cashmere Sea shell Shellac Chinese Wax found in fabric Pig Guanaco (llama) Tekhelet (snail To note: (insects) softeners or water Cow Horsehair Horn / Bone glands) Urea (Urine from Lanolin / wax from resistant finishes Calfskin Huarizo (alpaca) Horn Tyrian purple (sea mammals) can be wool Buffalo Karakul (sheep) Bone Char snails) used to dissolve Shellac Wax To note: Catgut (type of cord Kemp (sheep) Ivory dyes Spermaceti Gelatin and Isinglass made from walls of Llama Inks from animals are Fur Glues from animals sheep / goat intestines) Merino Sepia sometimes used to Chamois Mohair Any animal fur Octopus ink Bone glue thicken adhesives, Pashmina Beaver or Urea Fish glue made from animal Silks Pantholops Otter fur Hide glue bones or fish Anaphe (moth) (antelope) Rabbit skin glue Antheraea (moth) Qiviut (muskox) Feather / down Gelatin Byssus (sea silk made Rabbit Hair Feather Isinglass from mollusc) Shahtoosh (antelope) Down Doupioni Suri (alpaca) Eri Vicuna (llama) Honan Yak Milk/casein fibre Muga Sea Silk Tussah Silk * This list was compiled December 2019 to be non-exhaustive and can be updated to reflect change in trends. 6 - Voluntary Guideline on Veganism in Fashion.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Spider Silk: Structure and Application Prof
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 10, Issue 4, April 2020 467 ISSN 2250-3153 Spider Silk: Structure and application Prof. Bashir Ahmad Karimi Department of Physics Samangan’s Institute for Higher Studies Samangan province-Afghanistan DOI: 10.29322/IJSRP.10.04.2020.p10055 http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.10.04.2020.p10055 Abstract- the nature is full of mysteries and thread is stored as a highly concentrated liquid. It engages the full minded persons and scholars to itself transforms to a solid thread when it leaves the body [2]. throughout the world, the nature presents these mysteries This silk is made of a fiber protein called fibroin, this on a wide variety of events and inside the complex world protein is full of Amino acids of alanine CH3CH (NH2) of different creatures. There are millions of creatures that COOH and glycine which is produced by a special gland have individually strange characteristics and life on its abdomen called spinneret. [5] condition. There are things that are in-depth scientific and Spiders use many form of silks from an array of debate-raising facts with these creatures which most of structures, which range from simple life lines to shelter them are hidden and need to be discovered. Spider silk for moulting, from egg sacs, webs and to ballooning. and webs are one of this mysteries. Due to low rate of Orb-web spinning spiders produce different types of degradability, toughness, elasticity and biosynthetic multifunctional and high performance fibers. This nature characteristics, the spider silk evaluated to have many production has mechanical, biomechanical and scientific uses and application.
[Show full text]
A Research on Yarn and Fabric Characteristics of Acrylic/Wool/Angora Blends
(REFEREED RESEARCH) A RESEARCH ON YARN AND FABRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ACRYLIC/WOOL/ANGORA BLENDS AKRİLİK/YÜN/ANGORA LİFİ KARIŞIMLARINDAN ÜRETİLEN İPLİK VE KUMAŞLARIN ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA Gamze SÜPÜREN MENGÜÇ * Ege University, Emel Akın Vocational Training School, 35100, Bornova-İzmir, Turkey Received: 05.01.2016 Accepted : 09.03.2016 ABSTRACT Acrylic fibers are one of the most commonly used synthetic fibers and due to its low thermal conductivity, good shape retention and durability properties, they have a large application area in knitted garment industry. Acrylic fibers are also used in blends to benefit from more prominent features of other fibers. Wool with having good wrinkle resistance, moisture absorption and warmth is a good blend material for acrylic. In order to get superior tactile properties, luxury animal fibers can also be used in acrylic blends, despite there are spinning difficulties and production limitations for these fibers. In this study, acrylic fiber and its blends with wool and Angora rabbit fiber were investigated for their yarn and fabric properties. According to the experimental results and the statistical analyses, it was concluded that, blending acrylic fiber with wool and Angora rabbit fiber, increases the CVm, thin/thick places and neps of the yarn. Yarns containing 100% acrylic and 70% acrylic/10% wool/20% angora have the highest tensile strength. In case of yarn friction coefficients, 70% acrylic /20% wool /10% angora containing yarn has the highest coefficient of yarn to pin and yarn to yarn friction values. However, 70% acrylic/30% angora and 100% acrylic yarns have lower values, supplying smoother yarn surface.
[Show full text]
2019-The Benthic Sea-Silk-Thread Displacement of a Sessile Bivalve
The benthic sea-silk-thread displacement of a sessile bivalve, Pinctada ANGOR UNIVERSITY imbricata radiata (Leach, 1819) in the Arabian-Persian Gulf Giraldes, Bruno Welter; Leitao, Alexander; Smyth, David PLoS ONE DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215865 PRIFYSGOL BANGOR / B Published: 01/05/2019 Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Cyswllt i'r cyhoeddiad / Link to publication Dyfyniad o'r fersiwn a gyhoeddwyd / Citation for published version (APA): Giraldes, B. W., Leitao, A., & Smyth, D. (2019). The benthic sea-silk-thread displacement of a sessile bivalve, Pinctada imbricata radiata (Leach, 1819) in the Arabian-Persian Gulf. PLoS ONE, 14(5), [e0215865]. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215865 Hawliau Cyffredinol / General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. 28. Sep. 2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE
[Show full text]
Simulation of a Badminton Racket a Parametric Study of Racket Design Parameters Using Finite Element Analysis
Simulation of a Badminton Racket A parametric study of racket design parameters using Finite Element Analysis. Master's thesis in Applied Mechanics ELIAS BLOMSTRAND MIKE DEMANT Department of Applied Mechanics CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Göteborg, Sweden 2017 MASTER'S THESIS IN APPLIED MECHANICS Simulation of a Badminton Racket A parametric study of racket design parameters using Finite Element Analysis. ELIAS BLOMSTRAND MIKE DEMANT Department of Applied Mechanics Division of Solid Mechanics CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Göteborg, Sweden 2017 Simulation of a Badminton Racket A parametric study of racket design parameters using Finite Element Analysis. ELIAS BLOMSTRAND MIKE DEMANT © ELIAS BLOMSTRAND, MIKE DEMANT, 2017 Master's thesis 2017:52 ISSN 1652-8557 Department of Applied Mechanics Division of Solid Mechanics Chalmers University of Technology SE-412 96 Göteborg Sweden Telephone: +46 (0)31-772 1000 Cover: Illustration of a smash sequence for a badminton racket. Chalmers Reproservice Göteborg, Sweden 2017 Simulation of a Badminton Racket A parametric study of racket design parameters using Finite Element Analysis. Master's thesis in Applied Mechanics ELIAS BLOMSTRAND MIKE DEMANT Department of Applied Mechanics Division of Solid Mechanics Chalmers University of Technology Abstract Badminton, said to be the worlds fastest ball sport, is a fairly unknown sport from a scientific point of view. There has been great progress made to get from the old wooden rackets of the 19th century to the light-weight high performance composite ones used today, but the development process is based on a trial and error method rather than on scientific knowledge. The limited amount of existing studies indicate that racket parameters like shaft stiffness, center of gravity and head geometry affect the performance of the racket greatly.
[Show full text]
Sea-Silk Based Nanofibers and Their Diameter Prediction THERMAL SCIENCE: Year 2019, Vol
Tian, D., et al.: Sea-Silk Based Nanofibers and Their Diameter Prediction THERMAL SCIENCE: Year 2019, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 2253-2256 2253 SEA-SILK BASED NANOFIBERS AND THEIR DIAMETER PREDICTION by * Dan TIAN, Chan-Juan ZHOU, and Ji-Huan HE National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China Original scientific paper https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI1904253T Diameter of sea-silk based nanofibers prepared by electrospinning is closely re- lated to the concentrations of sea-silk solution. A mathematical model is estab- lished according the mass conservation law in fluid mechanics to predict the di- ameter of fibers, and the MATLAB software is used to fit the experiment value. The results show that the fitted equation is quite accurate and efficient for estimating the diameter of fibers with different concentrations. Key words: electrospinning, sea-silk, mathematical model, nanofiber, fiber’s diameter. Introduction Electrospinning is an effective way to prepare nanofibers, it is a fabrication process that uses an electric field to control the deposition of polymer fibers onto a receptor [1-8]. In electrospinning process, the diameter of nanofiber is determined by many factors, like volt- age, viscosity of solution, receptor’s distance, environment temperature, environment humidi- ty, etc. [9, 10]. Nanofiber’s diameter and morphology can also be controlled by additives [11]. The sea silk is one of the oldest natural silks, which has a history of more than 5000 years [12-16], and now we can produce artificial sea silk through Mytilus edulis. To this end, we extract protein from Mytilus edulis and then use it as an additive for electrospinning, this maybe has some effects on the morphology of fibers.
[Show full text]
Attachment Properties of Blue Mussel (Mytilus Edulis L.) Byssus Threads on Culture-Based Artificial Collector Substrates
Aquacultural Engineering 42 (2010) 128–139 View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE Contents lists available at ScienceDirect provided by Electronic Publication Information Center Aquacultural Engineering journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/aqua-online Attachment properties of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) byssus threads on culture-based artificial collector substrates M. Brenner a,b,c,∗, B.H. Buck a,c,d a Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany b Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany c Institute for Marine Resourses (IMARE), Klußmannstraße 1, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany d University of Applied Sciences Bremerhaven, An der Karlstadt 8, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany article info abstract Article history: The attachment strength of blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) growing under exposed conditions on 10 differ- Received 25 May 2009 ent artificial substrates was measured while assessing microstructure of the applied substrate materials. Accepted 9 February 2010 Fleece-like microstructure attracted especially mussel larvae, however, most settled individuals lost attachment on this type of microstructure with increasing size during the time of experiment. Sub- Keywords: strates with thick filaments and long and fixed appendices were less attractive to larvae but provided a Spat collectors better foothold for juvenile mussels as shown by the results of the dislodgement trials. In addition these Offshore aquaculture appendices of substrates could interweave with the mussels, building up a resistant mussel/substrate con- Offshore wind farms Mytilus edulis glomerate. Our results show that a mussel byssus apparatus can withstand harsh conditions, if suitable Dislodgement substrates are deployed.
[Show full text]
Natural, Artificial and Synthetic Fibres: Because There Are Differences...There Are Many...And It Is Important to Know Them
Deepening T.SILK | Natural, artificial and synthetic fibers. Because there are the differences… there are many… and it is important to know them Natural, artificial and synthetic fibres: because there are differences...there are many...and it is important to know them. Natural fibres are those obtained through simple mechanical processes that do not modify the structure. They differ between natural fibres of animal origin (wool, angora fur, camel fur, cashmere fur, mohair fur, alpaca fur, llama fur, vicuna fur, bison fur, qiviut fur, sea silk, down) and vegetable (cotton, linen, hemp, jute, ramie or nettle, sisal, coconut, broom, hibiscus, manila, straw, bamboo, soy, kapok). - Silk Chemically: • Fibroin – highly biocompatible and biodegradable natural polymer protein (carbon 47.6% Hydrogen 6.39% Nitrogen 18.33% Oxygen 27.68%) • Sericin – natural protein with a unique affinity to other human proteins (carbon 46.50% Hydrogen 6.04% Nitrogen 16.50% Oxygen 30.96%) Amino acid components: GLYCINE (Helps to trigger the oxygen release process) - ALANINE (Important source of energy for muscle tissue) - SERINE (Source of glucose storage in the liver and muscles) - ASPARTIC ACID (Helps the expulsion of harmful ammonia from the body) - GLUTAMIC ACID (Considered as a natural "food for the mind") - VALINE (Stimulates mental vigour and muscle coordination) - PROLINE (Important for the correct functioning of joints and tendons) - THREONINE (Important constituent of collagen) - LYSINE (Ensures adequate calcium absorption) - ARGININE (Improves the immune
[Show full text]
The Peculiar Protein Ultrastructure of Fan Shell and Pearl Oyster Byssus
Soft Matter View Article Online PAPER View Journal | View Issue A new twist on sea silk: the peculiar protein ultrastructure of fan shell and pearl oyster byssus† Cite this: Soft Matter, 2018, 14,5654 a a b b Delphine Pasche, * Nils Horbelt, Fre´de´ric Marin, Se´bastien Motreuil, a c d Elena Macı´as-Sa´nchez, Giuseppe Falini, Dong Soo Hwang, Peter Fratzl *a and Matthew James Harrington *ae Numerous mussel species produce byssal threads – tough proteinaceous fibers, which anchor mussels in aquatic habitats. Byssal threads from Mytilus species, which are comprised of modified collagen proteins – have become a veritable archetype for bio-inspired polymers due to their self-healing properties. However, threads from different species are comparatively much less understood. In particular, the byssus of Pinna nobilis comprises thousands of fine fibers utilized by humans for millennia to fashion lightweight golden fabrics known as sea silk. P. nobilis is very different from Mytilus from an ecological, morphological and evolutionary point of view and it stands to reason that the structure– Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. function relationships of its byssus are distinct. Here, we performed compositional analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate byssal threads of P. nobilis, as well as a closely related bivalve species (Atrina pectinata) and a distantly related one (Pinctada fucata). Received 20th April 2018, This comparative investigation revealed that all three threads share a similar molecular superstructure Accepted 18th June 2018 comprised of globular proteins organized helically into nanofibrils, which is completely distinct from DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00821c the Mytilus thread ultrastructure, and more akin to the supramolecular organization of bacterial pili and F-actin.
[Show full text]
This Lightweight Scarf Feels Like a Dream. the Mohair and Silk Yarns
Weave Weave Weave This lightweight scarf feels like a dream. The mohair This lightweight scarf feels like a dream. The mohair This lightweight scarf feels like a dream. The mohair and silk yarns used in the warp and as the weft give and silk yarns used in the warp and as the weft give and silk yarns used in the warp and as the weft give this scarf its softness, while the other yarns add a lot this scarf its softness, while the other yarns add a lot this scarf its softness, while the other yarns add a lot of fl air and interest. of fl air and interest. of fl air and interest. YARNS YARNS YARNS Tahki Stacy Charles lace, DK, and worsted weight Tahki Stacy Charles lace, DK, and worsted weight Tahki Stacy Charles lace, DK, and worsted weight yarns. yarns. yarns. WEAVE ON WEAVE ON WEAVE ON THE CRICKET THE CRICKET THE CRICKET LOOM BY LOOM BY LOOM BY SCHACHT SCHACHT SCHACHT STRUCTURE WARPING STRUCTURE WARPING STRUCTURE WARPING Balanced plain weave. We measured Luna, Stella, Balanced plain weave. We measured Luna, Stella, Balanced plain weave. We measured Luna, Stella, EQUIPMENT Crystal and Eclipse yarns seper- EQUIPMENT Crystal and Eclipse yarns seper- EQUIPMENT Crystal and Eclipse yarns seper- Schacht 10” Cricket Loom; ately on a warping board. See Schacht 10” Cricket Loom; ately on a warping board. See Schacht 10” Cricket Loom; ately on a warping board. See 8-dent Cricket rigid heddle reed; “warping plan” below. Thread 8-dent Cricket rigid heddle reed; “warping plan” below. Thread 8-dent Cricket rigid heddle reed; “warping plan” below.
[Show full text]
Judging Wool and Mohair
AS3‐4.058 Judging Wool and Mohair Contents WOOL ........................................................................................ 3 Shrinkage and Yield .................................................................... 4 Scoring ........................................................................................ 4 Bulkiness ............................................................................ 5 Length ................................................................................ 5 Soundness and Purity ......................................................... 5 Quality ................................................................................ 7 Character ............................................................................ 7 Color ................................................................................... 7 MOHAIR .................................................................................... 7 Grading ....................................................................................... 7 Scoring ........................................................................................ 7 Fineness and Uniformity .................................................... 7 Staple Length.................................................................... 10 Character .......................................................................... 10 Softness ............................................................................ 10 Luster ..............................................................................
[Show full text]
ATR 61 Cover Yellow Red.Jpg
Current Research in Textile Archaeology along the Nile Nosch, Marie Louise Bech Published in: Archaeological Textiles Review Publication date: 2019 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (APA): Nosch, M. L. B. (2019). Current Research in Textile Archaeology along the Nile. Archaeological Textiles Review, 61, 26-28. Download date: 09. Apr. 2020 Contents Archaeological Textiles Review Editorial 2 ATR is published by the Society Friends of ATN, hosted by Centre for Textile Articles Research in Copenhagen. Editors: Spinning for the gods? Preliminary 3 Eva Andersson Strand observations on prehistoric textile production Karina Grömer at Hierakonpolis, Egypt Jane Malcolm-Davies Anne Drewsen Ulla Mannering Textiles from Zawaydah, Naqada, Upper Egypt 14 Margarita Gleba, Mathieu Boudin Scientifi c committ ee: and Grazia A. Di Pietro John Peter Wild, UK Lise Bender Jørgensen, Norway Late Antique textiles from Egypt in the 24 Elisabeth Wincott Heckett , Ireland Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen Johanna Banck-Burgess, Germany Cecilie Brøns, Ina Vanden Berghe and Irene Skals Tereza Štolcová, Slovakia Heidi Sherman, USA Blue dyed textiles in Early Iron Age Europe: 42 Claudia Merthen, Germany Accessible or exclusive? Christina Margariti, Greece Patricia Hopewell and Susanna Harris Layout: Karina Grömer The Textiles of Üzüür Gyalan: Towards the 56 Cover: Charlott e Rimstad identifi cation of a nomadic weaving tradition in (Image: NCG Collection ÆIN 956, the Mongolian Altai Copenhagen – Late Antique textile) Kristen Rye Pearson, Chuluunbat Mönkhbayar, Galbadrakh Enkhbat and Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan Print: Grafi sk University of Copenhagen Time looms over us: Observations from an 71 experimental comparison of medieval English loom-types Subscription information: To purchase Gwendoline Pepper a copy of the latest Archaeological Textiles Review, please visit: Nets – Knots – Lace: Early 16th century www.webshophum-en.ku.dk/shop/ 88 archaeological-textiles-333c1.html.
[Show full text]
Catgut Enriched with Cuso4 Nanoparticles As a Surgical Suture
Nanomed Res J 5(3):256-264, Summer 2020 RESEARCH ARTICLE Catgut enriched with CuSO4 nanoparticles as a surgical suture: Morphology, Antibacterial activity, Cytotoxicity and Tissue reaction Ali Alirezaie Alavije1, Milad Rajabi1, Farid Barati1, Moosa Javdani1, Iraj Karimi2, Mohammad Barati3*, Mohsen Moradian4 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran. 2 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran 3 Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran. 4 Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Catgut was enriched with copper sulfate nanoparticles (CSNPs@Catgut), in order Article History: to develop a new composited suture with antibacterial and healing properties. Received 02 Jun 2020 Introducing copper sulfate nanoparticles to catgut was performed using a reverse Accepted 23 Jul 2020 micro-emulsion technique. It is an interesting method because of easy handling Published 01 Aug 2020 and relatively low costs. In the revers micro-emulsion medium, nano-spherical structures containing the salt solution are created. The nano-spheres penetrate Keywords: into catgut fibers and precipitate after drying to form the salt nanoparticles. The Catgut suture prepared CSNPs@Catgut was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Copper sulfate X-ray diffraction (XDR) technique, tensile strength, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxicity tests. XRD and SEM confirmed the CuSO nanoparticles formation Micro-emulsion 4 and grafting on catgut surface. Antibacterial properties were illustrated by Nanoparticles E. coli inhibition zone and CSNPs@Catgut showed a significant antibacterial Wound healing activity compare with catgut. Results of cytotoxicity tests showed no difference between CSNPs@Catgut and catgut.
[Show full text]