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National Summit to Improve Understanding on Climate, Climate Change and Its Impacts on Agriculture and Land‐Based Sectors

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National Summit to Improve Understanding on Climate, Climate Change and Its Impacts on Agriculture and Land‐Based Sectors 2012 SUMMIT REPORT National Summit to Improve Understanding on Climate, Climate Change and its Impacts on Agriculture and Land‐based Sectors 12‐16 March 2012 Vanuatu Agriculture College (VAC) Luganville, Santo Island VAC 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report is a collaborative effort from the VMGD, SPC-GIZ, NDMO and DARD. The following persons are acknowledged for contributing to compiling the report From VMGD: Salesa Kaniaha, Philip Malsale, Silas Tigona, Mike Waiwai, Melinda Natapei, Kathriana Kanas, Kylie Lowson From SPC-GIZ: Dr. Christopher Bartlett, Thomas Putunleta, Isso Nihmei, Rebecca Bill From NDMO: Pete Turnbull, Alice Iarem From DARD: Peter Iesul All presenters, contributors and participants in the summit are acknowledged (Appendix). Special acknowledgment is given to Director Jotham Napat (VMGD), Director Benuel Tarilongi (VQL), Acting Director Tate Hannington (DoF), Acting Director James Wasi (DARD) and CEO Peter Napwatt (VAC) for their guidance, contribution and participation throughout the workshop. The PI-CPP provided a substantial financial support to this workshop and the contribution is acknowledged. SPC/GIZ also contributed financial support to the workshop 2 Contents 1.0 Background ....................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Summit Coordination and Participants ......................................................................................... 7 1.3 Overall Objective ........................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Outputs from the Workshop ......................................................................................................... 8 1.5 Format of the discussions and list of speakers/panelists ............................................................. 9 2.0 Climate Change, Variability, and Extremes ..................................................................................... 10 2.1 ENSO in Vanuatu ......................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Vanuatu’s Changing Climate ....................................................................................................... 11 2.3 Sea Level...................................................................................................................................... 12 3.0 Agriculture in a Changing Climate ................................................................................................... 15 3.1 The Department of Agriculture & Rural Development (DARD) and its extension roles. ............ 15 3.2 Observed impacts/opportunities of climate change in Agriculture ........................................... 17 3.3 Understanding Crop Thresholds and sensitive varieties (Group activities) ................................ 18 3.4 Building effective linkages with farmers to address climate change impacts in Agriculture ..... 18 3.6 Policy Directives Challenges ........................................................................................................ 19 4.0 Livestock in a Changing Climate ...................................................................................................... 20 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 20 4.2 Technical Knowledge on Climate and Livestock ......................................................................... 21 4.3 Question & Discussion ................................................................................................................ 21 4.4 Strategies for Adaptation ............................................................................................................ 22 4.5 Process‐mechanism‐structures ................................................................................................... 23 4.6 Policy direction/directive ............................................................................................................ 23 5.0 Quarantine in a Changing Climate .................................................................................................. 25 5.1 The roles and responsibility of Quarantine Department ............................................................ 25 5.2 Technical knowledge ................................................................................................................... 25 5.3 Q&A (Discussion) ......................................................................................................................... 27 5.4 Strategies/Actions ....................................................................................................................... 27 5.5 Processes‐Mechanism‐Structures ............................................................................................... 28 5.7 Quarantine Policy Directives ....................................................................................................... 28 6.0 Coastal Erosion Control through Forestry ...................................................................................... 29 6.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 29 6.2 National Guidelines for Addressing Coastal Erosion through Forestry ...................................... 30 6.3 Soft Protection Measures: Re‐vegetation and Forestry ............................................................. 34 6.3 Selecting appropriate beach rehabilitation species .................................................................... 37 3 6.4 Protecting Newly Planted Beach Vegetation .............................................................................. 41 6.5 Coastal Rehabilitation through Mangroves ................................................................................ 41 6.6 Coastal Forest Rehabilitation by Communities with NGO support: the Red Cross Experience .. 43 6.7 Coastal Re vegetation Summary ................................................................................................. 44 6.8 Proposed Policy Options ............................................................................................................. 44 7.0 Traditional Knowledge and Climate ................................................................................................ 46 7.1 Biodiversity as Climate Indicators ............................................................................................... 46 7.2 Local Knowledge ......................................................................................................................... 47 7.3 Vanuatu’s Traditional Climate Indicators ................................................................................... 49 7.4 Best approach for Collecting (Local) Traditional Knowledge and Calendars .............................. 50 8.0 Communicating Climate Change ..................................................................................................... 53 8.1 Information to the Last Mile ....................................................................................................... 53 8.2 Strategies for information dissemination ................................................................................... 54 8.3 The NDMO Cluster System & ENSO Early Warning..................................................................... 57 8.3.1 Integrated Agriculture ENSO Cluster ................................................................................... 57 8.3.2 ENSO Early Warning System ................................................................................................ 58 8.4 Memorandum of Agreement (MoA)among DARD, VMGD & SPC‐GIZ ........................................ 59 8.5. Harmonizing Assessment Tools for Collecting Impacts to Climate Change ............................... 60 8.6 Climate and Oceans Support Program for the Pacific (COSPPac) .............................................. 62 8.7 Coping with Climate Change in the Pacific Islands Region Programme (SPC‐GIZ) ..................... 63 9.0 Recommendations and Way Forward ............................................................................................ 64 APPENDICES .......................................................................................................................................... 65 Appendix: Summit Agenda ............................................................................................................... 65 Appendix Summit Participant List ..................................................................................................... 71 Appendix: ENSO General and Panel Discussions ............................................................................. 73 Appendix Traditional Crop Calendars in Vanuatu, an example from Tanna .................................... 77 Appendix Provincial Traditional Calendars ...................................................................................... 80 Appendix Provincial CC & DRR Agriculture Nurseries ...................................................................... 93 Appendix ENSO Booklet ................................................................................................................... 97 Appendix: Products and Services of the VMGD ..............................................................................
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