applied sciences Review Biomimicry in Bio-Manufacturing: Developments in Melt Electrospinning Writing Technology Towards Hybrid Biomanufacturing Ferdows Afghah 1,2 , Caner Dikyol 1, Mine Altunbek 2 and Bahattin Koc 1,2,3,* 1 Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey 2 Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey 3 Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, 34906 Istanbul, Turkey * Correspondence:
[email protected] Received: 30 July 2019; Accepted: 22 August 2019; Published: 28 August 2019 Featured Application: Tissue and Organ Engineering, 3D Bioprinting. Abstract: Melt electrospinning writing has been emerged as a promising technique in the field of tissue engineering, with the capability of fabricating controllable and highly ordered complex three-dimensional geometries from a wide range of polymers. This three-dimensional (3D) printing method can be used to fabricate scaffolds biomimicking extracellular matrix of replaced tissue with the required mechanical properties. However, controlled and homogeneous cell attachment on melt electrospun fibers is a challenge. The combination of melt electrospinning writing with other tissue engineering approaches, called hybrid biomanufacturing, has introduced new perspectives and increased its potential applications in tissue engineering. In this review, principles and key parameters, challenges, and opportunities of melt electrospinning writing, and