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CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES

BUSHY PARK CONSERVATION AREA NO.77

Consultation Draft, November 2020

Note: Every effort has been made interest. Therefore, the omission of any a more detailed and up-to-date to ensure the accuracy of this feature does not necessarily convey assessment of a particular site and its document but due to the complexity a lack of significance. The Council will context is undertaken. This may reveal of conservation areas, it would be continue to assess each development additional considerations relating to impossible to include every facet proposal on its own merits, on a site- character or appearance which may be GARDENS contributing to the area’s special specific basis. As part of this process, of relevance to a particular case. 1 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Introduction

PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT The principal aims of conservation • Raise public interest and This document has been area appraisals are to: awareness of the special produced using the guidance set character of their area; out by Historic in the 2019 • Describe the historic and publication titled Understanding architectural character and • Identify the positive features Place: Conservation Area appearance of the area which should be conserved, Designation, Appraisal and which will assist applicants in as well as negative features Management, making successful planning which indicate scope for future Advice Note 1 (Second Edition). applications and decision enhancements. makers in assessing planning This document will be a material applications; consideration when assessing planning applications.

WHAT IS A BUILDINGS OF CONSERVATION AREA CONSERVATION AREA? TOWNSCAPE MERIT APPRAISAL The statutory definition of a Buildings of Townscape Merit (BTMs) A conservation area appraisal aims conservation area is an ‘area of are buildings, groups of buildings or to describe the special historic and special architectural or historic structures of historic or architectural architectural character of an area. interest, the character or interest, which are locally listed A conservation area’s character appearance of which it is desirable due to their considerable local is defined by a combination of to preserve or enhance’. The power importance. The policy, as outlined elements such as architecture, uses, to designate conservation areas is in the Council’s Local Plan, sets materials and detailing as well as the given to local authorities through out a presumption against the relationship between buildings and the Planning (Listed Buildings and demolition of BTMs unless structural their settings. Conservations Areas) Act, 1990 evidence has been submitted by Many other elements contribute to (Sections 69 to 78). the applicant, and independently character and appearance such as verified at the cost of the applicant. Once designated, proposals within a the placement of buildings within conservation area become subject Locally specific guidance on their plots; views and vistas; the to local conservation policies set design and character is set out relationship between the street and out in Chapter 4 of the Council’s in the Council’s Buildings of the buildings and the presence of Local Plan and national policies Townscape Merit Supplementary trees and green space. outlined in part 12 of the National Planning Document (2015), which The conservation area appraisal Planning Policy Framework (NPPF). applicants are expected to follow is an evidence base rather than Our overarching duty which is set for any alterations and extensions a planning policy document. out in the Act is to preserve and/or to existing BTMs, or for any This means that it is the main enhance the historic or architectural replacement structures. document for recording what is of character or appearance of the principal importance in terms of conservation area. character and appearance for each conservation area. However, the relevant policies are contained within the borough’s Local Plan, specifically Chapter 4 ‘Local Character and Design’. Refer to the Council’s website for the latest Local Plan.

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 2 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES CONSERVATION

\ AREAS I I � I Conservation Areas \ D \ m \ r,. ;, • CA77 . '•,.j Borough boundary �7

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\ CA77 ·-·:-, 58 - 't ...... ___ .---■ BOROUGH London Borough of BOUNDARY Richmond upon Thames SCALE 1:40,000 Scale 1 :40, 000 0KM ¼ ½ ¾ 0km 1;4 0MILES ¼ ½ Omiles Map showing Richmond Conservation Areas. Conservation Area 77, Bushy Park Gardens, highlighted.

1. Barnes Green 23. 45. Strawberry Vale 67. Parkleys Estate (Ham) 2. Green 24. Park 46. Rosecroft Gardens 68. Holmesdale Avenue 3. 25. Castelnau 47. Queens Road (Twickenham) 69. Sheen Common Drive 4. Richmond Riverside 26. The Grove 48. Amyand Park Road 70. Sheen Lane () 5. Richmond Hill 27. Lock 49. Crown Road 71. Fieldend (Twickenham) 6. Petersham 28. Broom Water 50. Sheendale Road 72. Hamilton Road 7. Ham Common 29. Belmont Road 51. Mortlake Green 73. Burlington Avenue and West 8. Twickenham Riverside 30. St Matthias 52. Avenue Park Road 9. Twickenham Green 31. Sheen Road 53. 74. Defoe and Ruskin Avenue 10. Trafalgar Road 32. 54. Waldegrave Park 75. Oaklands Estate 11. Hampton Court Green 33. Mortlake 55. Kew Road 76. Road 12. Hampton Village 34. Model Cottages 56. Beresford Avenue 77. Bushy Park Gardens 13. Christ Church Road 35. Queens Road (Mortlake) 57. Old 78. Cole Park Road 14. Mill Hill 36. Kew Foot Road 58. Platt’s Eyot 79. Cowley Road 15. 37. High Street (Teddington) 59. Normansfield 80. King Edwards Grove 16. Thorne Passage 38. Hight Street () 60. 81. Royal Road 17. Central Richmond 39. Blackmore’s Grove 61. Bushy Park 82. St James’s Avenue 18. 40. Pope’s Avenue 62. 83. Wick Road 19. St Margarets 41. Joanna Southcott Chapel 63. RoyaI Botanic Gardens 84. Broad Street 20. Crescent 42. Mays Road 64. Sheen Lane (East Sheen) 85. Church Road 21. Park 43. Strawberry Hill Road 65. Hanworth Road (Hampton) 22. Park Road (Teddington) 44. Mallard Place 66. Richmond Road

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 3 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Statement of Significance

Summary of special • The houses have similar back from the street with well architectural and historic proportions, massing and planted front gardens, adding interest of conservation area. architectural detailing but are to and enhancing the leafy varied in design, with many of character of the central green • The Bushy Park Gardens the properties retaining original space, and adjacent Bushy Conservation Area sits within timber windows, although Park Conservation Area; the setting of Bushy Park some have later timber Conservation Area (a Royal • The area boasts numerous replacements; Park and Historic England mature trees, both in the street registered park); • As important as the houses and central green space themselves, are the gaps (Other Open Land of • The area is a good example of between them and open Townscape Importance), as a fairly homogenous group of spaces around them, allowing well as in the private gardens, houses built around the turn of for views into rear gardens and all of which contribute to the the 19th century surrounding a Bushy Park beyond; distinctive character of this shared central green space in a conservation area. later Arts and Crafts style; • The houses in this conservation area are set

Bushy Park Gardens streetscene

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 4 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Location and Setting

General character and plan Bushy Park Conservation Area CA61. and gardens bordering Hampton form, e.g. linear, compact, The Bushy Park Conservation Area Court Palace but divided by dense or dispersed; important consists of 44ha of royal parkland Hampton Court Road. views, landmarks, open spaces, and includes formal gardens and a All of the buildings within Bushy uniformity. deer park of Park Gardens CA77 Conservation which was established during the Area have their focal point looking Bushy Park Gardens is a small, reign of Henry VIII in the 16th century. towards the central green or to isolated development of houses The Royal Park is registered as the entrance off Hampton Road. situated around a green space, a Grade I Park and , and Given their generous setting, the which leads onto Hampton Road to incorporates a number of landscape gaps between the dwellings are also the north and borders the extensive features, buildings and a fountain, important and allow views through grounds of Bushy Park to the south. most of which are also listed. The to the trees within Bushy Park. Bushy Park Gardens Conservation conservation area follows the Area CA77 sits within the setting of boundary of this historic deer park

BUSHY PARK GARDENS

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 5 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Historical Development

Stages/ phases of historical The Bushy Park Gardens estate mature trees and performs the role development and historic consists of a housing development of an attractive landscaped focal associations (archaeology etc) of 18 dwellings fronting an oval- point and green amenity space. which may be influencing how the shaped access road, which is built Historic OS Maps show that the area area is experienced. around a central green. had been separated from the Bushy Historic 1896 plans show a ‘tennis Park grounds adjacent from at least lawn’ to the centre; however today the late 19th century. the green space is planted with

1890s 1910s 1930s

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 6 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Historical Development

According to plans dated from 1896, the development adjacent to the tree-lined edge of the park was owned by a J.J. Mason Esquire. The surveyor for the marking out of the road and housing plots was Frederick Lea, with the dwellings designed by local architect A. Stokes.

1

1. Architectural drawings for twelve dwellings, 1906. (Source: 2 Richmond Local Studies Library). 2. Site plan for proposed development, 1896 (Source: Richmond Local Studies Library).

The houses on Hampton Road, either side of those at the entrance to Bushy Park Gardens, are not shown on the plan but were built as part of the development. The layout as built differs from this early plan of the estate.

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 7 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Architectural Quality & Built Form

Dominant architectural styles, All of the buildings have their focal and have a greater status in their the prevalent types and periods point towards the central green or design than those constructed of buildings, their status and towards the entrance off Hampton along Hampton Road (except essential characteristics, Road. However, given their for the two dwellings which mark and their relationship to the generous setting, the gaps between the entrance to Bushy Park topography, street pattern and/ houses are important and allow Gardens). Although No.26 is of or the skyline. Also important is views through to the trees in rear later construction, following the their authenticity, distinctiveness gardens and within the adjacent demolition of the original dwelling, and uniqueness of materials, Bushy Park grounds. it is considered to make a neutral design, form, texture, colour etc.) contribution to the area. The houses were all constructed at the same time (except for No.26)

Bushy Park Gardens streetscape showing boundary Bushy Park Gardens streetscene showing steeply pitched tiles treatments and front gardens. roofs and prominent chimneystacks.

Houses with generous porches, tall chimneys, gables, and Houses built around the curve of the close facing the central balconies above face the central green space. Architectural garden space. features such as mock Tudor timber detailing is present on some facades, and generous landscaped front gardens contribute to the street’s character.

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 8 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Architectural Quality & Built Form

Most of the estate was constructed windows, although some have later around the turn of the 19th century, timber replacements. in a later Arts and Crafts style, using Other shared features include an imported red facing brick and steeply pitched clay tiled roofs, half pebbledash render to all façades hipped roof slopes with dormers, and chimney breasts. gables, half timbering, hung tiles, The houses have similar generous eaves, tall chimneys, small proportions, massing and pane casement windows and doors, architectural detailing but are oriel and bay windows and timber varied in design, with many of the and brick porches. properties retaining original timber

Houses linked by single storey entrance porches, flanked by Bushy Park Gardens streetscape with timber verandahs set gables of differing design. above square bays.

Detached house with with asymmetric façade composition Detached houses displaying various architectural features, and half-timber detail, set below a central gable flanked by tall including balconies, a timber porch, bay windows, and chimney stacks. pebbledash painted render. These properties display generous, green front gardens which have been adapted to accommodate parking.

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 9 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Architectural Quality & Built Form

Some houses have had Boundary walls and fences are unsympathetic alterations such not original. However, they are all as the addition of uPVC windows low dwarf walls, picket fences and and doors and rooflights on front hedges, some with vehicular access, roof slopes, as well as side roof and enough room to maintain extensions. Several properties reasonably sized front gardens, have forward-facing balconies which contribute to the character overlooking the central green space. and appearance of the area.

Large, leafy front gardens enhance the character of the street and Detached house with deep front garden formed by the define the curve of the road. layout of houses following the curve in the road.

Bushy Park Gardens streetscape, showing Bushy Park Gardens streetscape. the relationship between houses and the central garden with its mature trees.

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 10 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Architectural Details

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 11 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Open Space, Parks, Garden & Trees

Private and public land, area, the dwellings are set back gardens, all of which contribute front gardens, trees, hedges from the street with well-planted to the special character of this and street greenery, parks, front gardens, adding to and conservation area. The central green civic spaces their sense and enhancing the leafy character of the is protected as ‘Other Open Land of contribution to the character conservation area, and adjacent Townscape Importance’ (OOLTI). and experience of an area. Bushy Park Conservation Area. The area boasts numerous mature Given the well-proportioned trees, both in the street and central scale, massing and grain of the green space, as well as in the private

The central green space. Large mature trees in the central garden enhance the setting of the surrounding houses.

Entrance to Bushy Park Gardens central green space. Views from the central garden towards houses around the perimeter change with the seasons.

Wooden gate to central garden.

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 12 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Management Plan

PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR PRESSURES ENHANCEMENT AND • Loss of traditional architectural RECOMMENDATIONS features and materials, and • Preservation, enhancement and loss of visual gap due to reinstatement of architectural unsympathetic alterations and quality and unity that is preferably extensions; based upon historic evidence; • Loss of boundary walls, fences • Seek the reinstallation of and garden space in residential boundary treatment and front areas for hard standing, front garden planting alongside lightwells and vehicular parking; planning applications for • Lack of coordination and poor refurbishment and seek that any quality of street furniture and lightwells are placed to the side paving; and rear of properties and that hard standing is reduced; • Poor quality and disproportionate roof additions; • Preservation of visual gaps between properties; • Use of poor quality products in building works such as uPVC, • Coordination of colour and roofing felt and GRP products. design and improvement in quality of street furniture and paving; • Seek to encourage good quality and proportionate design and better-quality materials that are sympathetic to the period and style of the building.

Streetscene: • Retain/ reinstate granite kerbs, channels and edgings; • Lamp columns to have green- black finish; • Other measures should accord with the Public Space Design Guide.

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 13 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES References and contributions

Text prepared by John Somers REFERENCES WEBSITES JS Conservation Management Historic England (2019) London Borough of Richmond and Town Planning Ltd. in ‘Conservation Area Designation, Upon Thames Local Studies conjunction with L B Richmond Appraisal and Management: https://richmond.spydus.co.uk Urban Design and Conservation. Historic England Advice Note 1’ Accessed December 2017. Published by Historic England, All site photographs by J Somers London. and LB Richmond Council. London Borough of Richmond Upon Thames (2017) ‘Hampton Wick and Teddington Village Plan SPD’ Published by The London Borough of Richmond Upon Thames. London Borough of Richmond Upon Thames (1991) ‘Bushy Park Conservation Area Statement’ Published by Richmond Upon Thames Council. Available at https://www.richmond.gov.uk/ media/13247/conarea61_a3_rgb.pdf

BUSHY PARK GARDENS 14 CONSERVATION AREA No.77 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES

LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Environment Directorate 2nd Floor Civic Centre 44 York Street Twickenham TW1 3BZ Tel: 020 8891 1411 Email: richmondurban.design@ richmondandwandsworth.gov.uk www.richmond.gov.uk Produced by Urban Design and Conservation Published 2020

If you need this leaflet in Braille, large print, audio tape, or another language, please contact us on 020 88917322 Civic Centre 44 York Street Twickenham TW1 3BZ

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BUSHY PARK GARDENS 15 CONSERVATION AREA No.77