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Prepared by Cowlitz County Department of Building & Planning Cowlitz County Comprehensive Plan Update DRAFT March 7, 2014 Prepared by Cowlitz County Department of Building & Planning Planning and Operations Divisions Acknowledgements The Cowlitz County Comprehensive Plan Update Process has been one filled with challenges. Without the significant contributions and on-going support of the Cowlitz County Comprehensive Plan Steering Committee, the Cowlitz County Planning Commission, the Cowlitz County Board of Commissioners, past and present, and the staff of the Cowlitz County Department of Building and Planning completion of this document would not have been possible. Cowlitz County Comprehensive Plan Steering Committee: Joel Rupley, Chair Terry Aho Steve Brock Marjie Castle Chris Fritsch Margaret Lapic Darcy Mitchum Steve Moon Francis Naglich John Thomas Richard Von Rock Marlene Voss Mark Wilson Rick Winsman Paul Youmans Cowlitz County Planning Commission: Mark Smith, Chair Mark Koelsch, Vice Chair Marjorie Castle Chris Fritsch Odine Husemoen Scott Liljedahl Robert Sudar Michael Wallin Paul Young Cowlitz County Department of Building & Planning: Dr. E. Elaine Placido, Director Greta Holmstrom Nick Little Ron Melin Rebecca Samy Cowlitz County Board of County Commissioners Michael Karnofski, Chairman, District 1 Dennis Weber, Chairman, District 2 James Misner, District 3 2 Table of Contents Forward: 7 Introduction: 8 The purpose of the Comprehensive Plan 8 Community Plans and Community Planning Areas 8 Adoption Process (Under construction) 8 Vision and Guiding Principles: 9 Vision 9 GUIDING PRINCIPLES 9 COMMUNITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE 11 Introduction 11 POPULATION TRENDS AND PROJECTIONS 11 Annexation History 12 Population Distribution and Density 12 POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS 14 Migration 14 Age and Gender 14 Ethnicity and Race 14 Disability 15 Poverty 16 Education 16 Occupation and Employment 17 Chapter 1: Natural Environment and Resources Element 18 Introduction 18 Topography and Climate of Cowlitz County 18 Critical Areas and Best Available Science 21 Wetlands 22 Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas 22 Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas 23 Frequently Flooded Areas 25 Geologically Hazardous Areas 25 The Shoreline Management Act and Cowlitz County 26 Other Natural Environment and Resources Concerns 28 Watershed Resource Inventory Areas - WRIA 25/26 and WRIA 27/28 28 Stormwater Management 29 Air Quality 30 Natural Environment and Resources: Goals and Policies 31 Goal NER.1: 31 Goal NER.2: 32 Goal NER.3: 33 Goal NER.4: 33 Goal NER 5: 34 Chapter 2: LAND USE ELEMENT 35 Introduction 35 3 Population Patterns 35 Goals, Objectives and Categories 36 Land Use Categories 36 Urban Land Use Category 36 Goal LU 1 36 Goal LU 2: 36 Goal LU 3 37 Goal LU 4: 37 Goal LU 5: 38 Suburban Land Use Category 38 Goal LU 6 38 Goal LU 7: 39 Goal LU 8: 39 Goal LU 9: 40 Rural Land Use Category 40 Remote Land Use Category 42 Goal LU 14: 42 Goal LU 15: 43 Economic Resource Lands Use Category 43 Goal LU 16: 43 Economic Resource Lands – Industrial Use 44 Goal LU 17: 44 Goal LU 18: 44 Economic Resource Lands - Forest Resource Land 45 Goal LU 19: 45 Goal LU 20: 45 Goal LU 21: 46 Agricultural Resource Land 46 Goal LU 22: 47 Goal LU 23: 47 Goal LU 24: 48 Economic Resource Lands - Mineral Resource Land 49 Goal LU 25 49 GOAL LU 26: 50 Goal LU 27: 50 Chapter 3: Parks, Trails and Recreation Element 52 Introduction: 52 Existing Plans and Documents: 53 The Cowlitz County Comprehensive Park Plan Update (September 2010): 53 Cowlitz Regional Trails Plan (December 2006) 54 Toutle Community Rail Trail (February 2013) 54 Parks, Trails and Recreation Goals and Policies 54 Goal PTR 1: 54 Goal PTR 2: 54 Goal PTR 3: 55 Chapter 4: Transportation & Circulation Element 56 Introduction 56 Existing Conditions 56 Federal Highway 56 4 State Highways 56 County Roadways 56 Private Roadways 57 Transit 57 Freight Mobility 57 Transportation Goals, Objectives & Policies 57 Goal TC 1: 57 Goal TC 2: 58 Goal TC 3: 58 Goal TC 4: 59 Goal TC 5: 59 Chapter 5: Public Services, Facilities, and Utilities Element 61 Introduction: 61 General Goals and Policies 62 Goal PSFU 1: 62 Goal PSFU 2: 63 Goal PSFU 3: 63 Domestic Water Systems General Goals and Policies: 64 Goal PSFU 4: 64 Solid Waste Goals and Policies: 64 Goal PFSU 5: 64 Goal PFSU 6: 64 Sewer Goals and Policies: 64 Goal PFSU 7: 64 Fire Protection Goals and Policies: 65 Goal PFSU 8 : 65 Public Buildings Goals and Policies (Schools/Libraries/Civic/Community Centers): 65 Goal PFSU 9: 65 Goal PFSU 10: 65 Goal PFSU 11: 65 Goal PFSU 12: 66 Stormwater Goals and Policies: 66 Goal PFSU 13: 66 Electrical Facilities Goals and Policies: 66 Goal PFSU 14 66 Essential Public Facilities Goals and Policies: 66 Goal PFSU 15 66 Chapter 6: Implementation 67 Introduction 67 Community Plans and Community Planning Areas 68 Establishment of Zoning 69 Annual Review and Update of the Plan 70 Ongoing Ordinance Review 72 Implementation Goals and Policies 73 Goal I 1: 73 Goal I 2: 73 Goal I 3: 74 Goal I 4: 74 Goal I 5: 75 5 Goal I 6: 75 Chapter 7: Mapping 76 Appendices: 77 6 Forward: On November 1, 1976 the Cowlitz County Board of Commissioners adopted the County’s first Comprehensive Plan. In the years following that adoption the shape of Cowlitz changed, quite literally, with the eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 and the subsequent flooding and sediment deposits, and in more subtle ways as the incorporated cities of Kalama and Woodland in the southwestern edge of the County experienced a doubling in population. Despite that change and regardless of the passage of time, now nearly 40 years since its adoption, the words captured in the Forward of that original Comprehensive Plan still ring true today: Our expanding social, environmental, and economic needs have grown with an increasing force, to the point where we now realize that we do not have unlimited room or resources. We are beginning to see that many of our social, economic, and environmental problems stem from the same source; lack of comprehensive growth management. The consequences are inefficient use of human and physical resources, as well as economic hardship. We no longer live in a time when we can insulate ourselves from the impacts we visit upon the earth and its inhabitants, as the natural resources we once regarded to be so endlessly available and expandable, are now becoming increasingly scarce. It is therefore essential that sound growth management, which accommodates our wide diversity of values and concerns, be vigorously pursued as a means to direct and judicious use of our resources, and as a means to maintain a high quality of life. Now, as it did in 1976, the Comprehensive Plan reflects a review of human activities and environmental demands as they relate to the County’s resources. This plan is a product of an extensive public planning process that began with a community-wide visioning process, saw the seating of a Steering Committee appointed by the Board of Commissioners, the shift from an outside consultant to a fully ‘in-house’ written plan compiled and authored with the Department of Building and Planning. Finally, the Plan benefitted from the policy direction and oversight of the Planning Commission. After nearly forty years there were many revisions to be made and new directions to follow, and while at times it may have felt that the Update would take another forty years to complete, it is a true reflection of the dedication of the volunteers and staff involved that a quality Comprehensive Plan Update was completed in 2014. 7 Introduction: The purpose of the Comprehensive Plan A Comprehensive Plan is an official document that is adopted to guide policy decisions related to the physical, social, and economic growth of the County. The Plan provides a framework for decision-making for future growth and development. Ideally the Plan will serve as a guide for growth and development over the next twenty years in Cowlitz County. The Plan is designed to see annual amendments that will aid the document as it ages to remain valid and progressive. The Plan provides direction for the County’s future growth and development through a framework of goals and policies that the County should use to improve the quality of life, preserve the community’s assets, and safeguard Cowlitz County as a safe, attractive and prosperous place to live, work and play now and into the coming decades. The Comprehensive Plan is not in itself a regulatory document, but is intended to provide guidance that shapes development regulations and official controls. Community Plans and Community Planning Areas While the Comprehensive Plan is intended to shape the overall guidance for the County, it also recognizes that there are special areas within the County that will benefit from a more focused and community driven approach to planning. This Comprehensive Plan supports the future construction of detailed Community Plans and Community Planning Area documents. While Community Plans are, like the Comprehensive Plan, not regulatory documents, they can be used to provide more focused and detailed guidance for the development of regulations and official controls to be implemented within those areas. Potential areas for Community Plans and Community Planning Areas include, but are not limited to: The Mount St. Helens Recreation Corridor/SR 504, including Toutle and Silverlake Yale Valley Ryderwood Rose Valley Lexington Willow Grove Beacon Hill Adoption Process (Under construction) (Note: This section will chronicle the path to adoption) 8 Vision and Guiding Principles: Vision In 2030 Cowlitz County is a great place to live. We value our strengths, including our historic rural and small town character and our natural environment – mountains, forests, agricultural and mineral lands; streams, lakes, shorelines; and plentiful clean air and water.
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