ICAC Recorder International Cotton Advisory Committee
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June 2020 Volume XXXVIII, No. 2 The ISSN 1022-6303 ICAC Recorder International Cotton Advisory Committee S.No. CONTENTS Page Editorial Special Issue 3 1 Impact of Covid-19 on Commodity Prices, Textile & 4 POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF Apparel Trade, Retail Sales & Other Factors 2 Can Cotton Survive the Great Lockdown? 18 3 The Impact of COVID-19 on the Global Textile 23 COVID-19 Industry 4 COVID-19 Shakes the Ties that Bind the Supply 26 ON THE COTTON SECTOR Chain 5 Potential Impact of COVID-19 on the Cotton Sector 30 in Major Cotton Producing Countries 6 Impact of COVID-19 on the Cotton Sector in Latin 39 America and the Caribbean 7 Potential Impacts of COVID-19 on African Cotton 45 Sectors 8 Possible Impact of COVID-19 on the Global Cotton 49 Sector 9 COVID-19 Impacts on Africa and Global Cotton 51 10 COVID-19 and the Indian Cotton Industry-Impact 53 Analysis and Revival Strategies 11 COVID-19 Impact on Indian Cotton 60 12 Possible Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cotton 65 Cultivation in North India 13 Challenges to Cotton Value Chain during COVID-19 66 14 Possible Impact of COVID-19 on Bangladesh 68 15 Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Brazilian 71 Cotton Sector 16 Argentina: COVID-19 & Cotton Situation in 2019-20 76 17 Impact of COVID-19 on Cotton Textile Sector in 79 Egypt 18 COVID-19 and Cotton in Sudan 82 19 Possible Impact of COVID-19 on the Global Cotton 83 Sector: The Kenyan Perspective 20 Possible Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the 86 South African Cotton Sector 21 Impact of COVID-19 on Cotton Production in 88 Mozambique 22 Potential Effects of COVID-19 on the Cotton Sector: 90 A General Perspective. 23 The Role of Cotton in Face Masks 92 International Cotton Advisory Committee www.icac.org The ICAC RECORDER, June 2020 3 Mars 2018 Volume XXXVI, No 1 The ICAC Editorial Recorder Comité Consultatif International du Coton We are witnessing an unbelievable event in our own lifetimes. Suddenly, within a span of a few days, the whole world has been forced into a stupor, into terror, into isolation, and the world soon became suspiciously untouchable. A tiny invisible thread packed in a small invisible protein dot has been able to create terror in the hearts of the most powerful men and caste, breed, creed, age or gender, but it knows precisely how to infect humans. It is present everywhere — and, pretty muchnations. like It theposed Almighty a threat — that all nopervasive. military Itcould waded fight. its Itway doesn’t through differentiate continents between with ease continents, and has bull-dozednations, borders, the world. colour, In - short: The tiny invisible thread called ‘coronavirus’ has brought mankind to its knees. Is it evil? It can’t be, because accord The fundamental characteristics of life are metabolism and self-sustaining replication. Viruses do not satisfy both criteria ing to scientists, it has no life; the coronavirus is a small, lifeless ‘non-living’ particle. - Table des matières • Éditorial ..........................................................................................................................................................3 and• arePratiques detherefore production cotonnière – Extraitscategorised des données globales, 2017 as.............................................. non-living;4 so, by this definition, viruses truly are dead chemical molecules. It is interest propensity• Compte rendu et recommandations to threaten de la 13e réunion life!du réseau de l’ICAC sur le coton pour ing, however, les régionsde la Méditerranée that et du Moyen-Orient these ................................................................................. ‘dead molecules’15 have developed their own design to be able to dictate lives. In fact, they have the But• whyAnnonces ......................................................................................................................................................27 replication. They are parasitic in nature. Viruses are tiny threads of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acids (RNA). Interestingly, do viruses interfere there is nowith life life? without The answer:DNA or RNA;They butwant these to multiply independent by using DNA the or hostRNA cell’svirus nucleicparticles acids (virions) for their are considered non-living. range of potential host organisms. For example, a virus that infects bats may also infects humans — but not any other formsViruses of infect life such all formsas cows, of dogs,living insects things orbut bacteria. they are Each very virus specific has toa character organisms, of althoughits own. Each there species sometimes of virus are appears a narrow to The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) gains entry only though eyes, nose or mouth — not have evolved very specific mechanisms to gain entry only through specified molecular routes into organisms. through skin or any other route. The virus has specific receptors to which it binds to gain entry into the organism and find its way into cells and start multiplying. After multiplying, the viruses find their way back out and infect others. Only God knows how they developed such a highly evolved mechanism and ironically still be called as ‘dead’ chemical blobs! Interestingly, viruses continue to multiply in the host cells without killing the host organisms, at least until they exploit the Generally, RNA viruses multiply by gaining entry into cytoplasm of host cells whereas DNA viruses target the nuclei of cells. SARS-CoV-2 causes the disease COVID-19. The World Health Organisation (WHO) declared it as a pandemic that could be host completely. A virus’s life cycle is indeed fascinating — but can it really be called a ‘life cycle’ if it’s a non-living particle? prevented mainly by reducing human-to-human contact and by enforcing social distancing. The world responded with - activitieslockdowns, related curfews, to food social and distancing healthcare and were restrictions exempted on from social the life. lockdown Offices and and markets a few governments were closed. also Road, exempted rail, air andagricul wa- ter transport were halted. ‘Normal life’ was severely disrupted. Manufacturing, trade, and sales ground to a halt. Essential The textile industry has been the worst hit. Demand for fabrics and apparel crashed, created a cascading effect on the tural operations. Millions of people around the world lost their employment, savings and livelihood. upstream supply chains and value chains; the prices of raw cotton and yarn crashed, and stocks piled up in consuming countries. Under the current predicament of low prices for cotton and low demand for textiles, with better prices for food especially depending on whether they were net importers of food or if there was government-assured support for cotton. crops, will farmers be motivated to choose cotton over food crops? Different countries have reacted in different ways, I invited articles from researchers across the world. Almost everyone responded with excellent analytical reports on the current status in their respective countries; staff of the ICAC, Bremen Cotton Exchange and FAO have offered their global perspectives. The articles provide a comprehensive coverage on the global impact of COVID-19 on the cotton sector. We are chronicling our times. We are recording history. We are documenting our experiences today so some day, we will be able to recollect in posterity how we survived the pandemic — some bruised, some badly hurt and none unscathed. -Keshav R Kranthi The ICAC RECORDER (ISSN 1022-6303) is published four times a year by the Secretariat of the International Cotton Advisory Committee, 1629 K Street, NW, Suite 702, Washington, DC 20006-1636, USA. Editor: Keshav Kranthi <[email protected]>. Subscription rate: $220.00 hard copy. Copyright © ICAC 2020. No reproduction is permitted in whole or part without the express consent of the Secretariat, 4 SPECIAL REPORT: COVID-19 IMPACT ON THE COTTON SECTOR Mars 2018 Covid-19Volume XXXVI, No- 1 Impact on Commodity Prices, Textile The ICAC and Apparel Trade, Clothing Retail Sales and Recorder Other Factors Affecting Cotton Comité Consultatif International du Coton Lorena Ruiz and Parkhi Vats International Cotton Advisory Committee, 1629 K Street, NW Washington DC 20006 The COVID-19 pandemic has not only im- grew by 2.98% in 2002 and 4.28% in 2003. pacted the health of millions of people Things have changed since then, with worldwide, it has also generated a slew of different socioeconomic shocks. Some of these shocks include disruptions to the China’s contribution to the global economy supply chain, declining demand, liquid- statussignificantly and has larger. held Inthat 2010, position the Asian ever since. giant Table des matières Insnatched 2018, ChinaJapan’s accounted second-largest for an estimatedeconomy • Éditorial ..........................................................................................................................................................and the 3 global economy, and sharply de- • Pratiques de production cotonnière – Extraits des données globales, 2017 ..............................................4 16% of global output ( • Compte rendu et recommandations de la 13e réunion du réseau de l’ICAC sur clinedityle coton pourproblems, overall capitalconsumer flows, spending. effects on trade les régionsde la Méditerranée et du Moyen-Orient .................................................................................15 data) and 31.9% of global textile and ap- • Annonces ......................................................................................................................................................27