CENSUS, 195 I
ASSAM
LUSHAI HILLS
DISTRICT, CENSUS HANDBOOK.
Edited By
R. B. VAGHAIWALLA, I.C.S. Superintendent, Census Operationa, AlSam, Tripura and Manipur.
CONTENTS Pages
1. Introducing the District i-viii Introducing the Statistics
2. The Primary Census Abstract (showing distribution of population by livelihood classes, 1-18 number of occupied houses and small-scale industries in villages and wards). 3. A.-General Population Tables- I.-Area, Houses and Population 19 11.-Variation in Population during fifty years 19
111.-Towns and villages classified by population 20
IV.-Towns classified by population with variation since 1901 20 V.-Towns arranged territorially with population by livelihood classes 20 4. E.-Summa;y figures for the District and Subdivisions 21 5. B.-Economic Tables- I.-Livelihood Classes and Sub-Classes ... 22-25
(For total population 26-29 II.-Secondary Means of Livelihood ~. LFor displaced persons 30 IlL-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers (For Total Population 31-38 by Industries and Services, Divisions and~ Subdivisions. l For Displaced Persons 39 6. C.-Eousehold and Age (Sample) Tables- I.-Household (Size and Composition) ...... 40 For sample population 41-43 n.-Livelihood Classes by Age Groups { For Displaced persons 44
IIl.-Age and Civil Condition 45-48 IV.-Age and Literacy ... 49-52
V.-Single Year Age Returns (For Sample population) 53-54 7. D.-Social and Cultural Tables- L-(i) Mother-Tongue 55-56 (ii) Bilingualism 57-58 H.-Religion •.. 59 III.-Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Anglo-Indians ... 60
IV.-Migrants ... 61-64 V.-Displaced Persons by district of origin and year of arrival in India 65
VI.-Non-Indian Nationals 66 VI I.-Livelihood Classes, by Educational Standards 66-68 8. Tribes by Religion 69--70 9. Census Abstract of Small-scale Industries- I.-Distribution of Small-scale Industrial Establishments by Subdivisions 71 n.-Employment in Textile Establishments 71 10. Index of Non-Agricultural Occupations 12-76
INTRODUCING THB DISTRICT LUSHAI HILLS
The district of the Lushai Hills is .ituated between 22° ~O' ~t;l ;,~ 27' N, 92° 20' and 93° 29' E, and co .en an area of a,U8'9 square mileJ. It is bounded on the north by the districts of Sylhet and ~har an :tJle State of Manipur, on the east and iouth by the f,Jhi.J} Hills; ()ll the south by Arakan and 00 the west by the Chittagonk lliJl Tracts in E. Pakistao and the State of Tripura.
For administration purposes, the district'is divicJe9 into two ~ubdivisions, Aijal and Lungleh. AUal is i. ,charge of tHe Superintendent of th~ district while there is a Subdivisional Officer in charge of LUQgleh sub division. For the purpos-es of jntcrnal administration the distric:;t is divided into 18 circles, 12 in the f\,ijal and 6 in the Lungleh subdivision. Each of these circles is pl~ced in charge of an interpreter ",ho Jives at some .cef\tral spot. ,Orders issued by the Superintendent· are transmitted to this' man for communication to the Chiefs. ~ is also required to submit every fortnig~t a report on the state of the, crops ~d the general ~onditioo ofaffain'within his circle. Society ill, however, organised on an aristocratic basis, and in ali minor matters the people are subj~t t9 their Chiefs The relations existing between a Chief and his people are described in a subsequent paragraph. Under the Constitution of India, a District Council with wi The whole of the district consists almost entirely of ranges of hills running in a north and south direc. tion, sepaxated from one another by narrow valleys, only a very small portion lying in the plaips. The gene ral height of these ranges is about 3000 feet. though here:: and there there are p~ks over 6000. feet in height -an~ the Blue Mo~ntain in the South Lwhai, Hills rises to a height of 7100 feet. The general.elevation of the.di:;trict rises tow~ros the east and in the Chin Hills there are several summits over 8000 feet above the sea lev~. the si~es of the hills are covered with dense forest or bamboo jungle, except ia those places where they have been cleared for cultivation. Heye,and tpere. amidst this junglj:: covered waste of hills and narrow valleys, there are plains, which are believed to have formed in'the beds of silted up lakes. They have, as a rule an elevation of ab.out 4500 f.ee~ and are .oovece<;!. with~ thick layer of rich alluvial soil. They are surrounded by hilis which slope geptly, to")'Vards .the plains but are generally very stc;:ep, often precipitous on the outer side. The largest of these plains is Champhai which has a lenith of about 7·miles and at the widest part is nearly l miles across. There il ahothet plain at Vanlaiphai, about 6 miles long and from a quarter to h~lf a mite in breadth. The slopes of the valleys ate gentle and uhdUlating, thds giving the plain tht effect of being wider than it really is. .Ripers.-T4e most impodant rivers are the Tlpng or the DhalesW'ari~ the Sonai, and the Tuivol, which p,r.ain the northern pprtion of the counu;y an? eventualiy fall into .the Barak. The southern hills are dfain~d by the Koladyne on the east, with its t,ributaries, the Mat, Tuichang, Tiao and Tuipui ; while the Karnaphhli at the mouth of which stands Chittagong, with its tributaries, the Tuichang, Kao, beh, Phairang and Tuilianpui, form the western drainage system. The drainage levels of the country are unusually complica ted. Ge~,_-The h~ .consist of san4, .stone. iUld slabs of Tertia,ry age, thrown into Folds, die axes pf which r-pn i~ a nearly .north .anCl south diTeCtion. The rocks are a continuation southwards of those forming the Patkoi range. Cli11Ulte and Rai!!faU.-The valleys are feverish and unhe.althy, and during the rains the climate, even in ~e lower hiUs, is moist and enervating. In the higher ridges. it is faitly cool and pleasant ev.en at the hottest $~~hs of the year. Iri March apd April, violent storms from the horth-west sweep 'over the hilb. "r.he ave ra:_ge rainfall.at Aija'l is 83 inches in the year; at Lungleb, 'Some distance to the south, it 'is no Jess than l~O m cb.es. •Owing to t~f sttep~ess of the hiitsides an.d the narrownes~ m tb~ vallIeys ,the Ti'l/'ers rise ~fter heavy rain WIth wonderl'u rat>Idlty. It bas beerl recorded tbat ihtt'lng the \ast " ;tays 'Of Ma+" 1.889 .aver '21 inclies of rain fell ih the :south Lushai Hills ~nd the level 'Of the KamapnuH rIver rose ..over 5:0 feet. FOR"ESTS Tbtre are no Forest Resetves in 'the Lushai Uifi. ~slTict 'eXcept approXimately 211 tlqllare miles of :tile lhnet tine Reser:ve h>nstituted irl1817 in 'the Cachar District under the previsions -Gf 'the A6sam lFox:est ito g~laiion wbiph no'f fall Within .t'h'e'boundaries -Of tHe lmShai Hills Diittict. Cet1;aia Forest Reserw:s bve been 'con~titb.ted ih 'flit: Liishai Hills District 'tlm~r the dtfClltive -orders t)f ttte Superintendent, :r;,utlhai Hills '. the most conspicuous of which is the Aijal Reserve'~ituated close to the headquarters station of Aijal. A strip half a mile on either bapk of strea~ns useful for,floating timber has also been reserved from jhuming under the exec\Jtive orders of the Superintendent but considerable destrucrian of the forests in such areas has. taken 'place because of liberal grant of permission to open orange garoens: There 'arc:: extensive areas of forestsi 'not con'stituted as ,Reserves within the Rams of Lushai Chiefs, in respect of the management of which executive rules were framed by tlIe Chief . Commissioner of Assam. in 1904. For, pur-poses of management the fore.st working of the northern Lushai Hills is done under the control of the Divisional Forest Officer, Cachar;while the forests of the other areas are exploited under the control of the Superintendent, 'Lushai Hills. In respect 'of the forests of the drainage area of the Boraharina river in the south Lushai Hills which iows into' East Bengal, prior to the partition of India there used to be a working arrangement between th'(! Goverhments of Bengal and Assam, wher~by the collc:ction of revenue was done by the Bengal Government who paid the Assam Government an agreed share of such collection. With the constitution of Pakistan, this arrangement was terminated and the revenue on foreit produce from this area i.'now collected by the Forest Department staff working under the control of the Superintendent, Lushai Hills. Approximately It lakh's of rupees of revenue are collected annually from the ,forests situated within the limits of the Lushai Hills District. The principal species of trees exploited from the forests of the Lushai Hills are Jarul (Lagerstroemia FlCs-Reginae), Cham (Artocarpus Chaplasa), Boroi (Heritiera acuminata , Champasunid (Michelia mon tana). Dhunarata (Canarium bengal~nse or resiniferum), Hatia (Chickrassia tabularis), Jhalna (Terminalia myriocarpa) andJ~m (Eugenia species). Bonak (Schima wailichii) occurs scattered over the forests on the ridges of the northern Lushai Hills and this species is very useful for plywood manufacture but very little ex ploitation of this species has take-n place. Fairly large numbers of the tree Taraktorenos Kurzii, from the seeds of whIch an oil is extracted efficacious for the treatment of leprosy, occur in the Lushai Hills and used to be exported to Chittagong in pre-partition days. Large numbers of bamboos of the species Muli (Melocanna bambus()ides) and Dolu (Teinostachyum dulloa) are' extracted from the forests of both the northern and southern Lushai Hills. One -of the greatest difficulties in respect of exploitation offorest produce from the Lushai Hills is the fact that many of the streams useo for transport of forest produce have rocks and rapids along their courses which cannot be passed by rafts. In respect of the southern Lushai Hills some improvement in this regard has been effected by the blasting of rocks by the Forest Department. Progress in'respect of this work in the northern Lushai Hills has been held up by the uncertainty in respect of the continued existence of wooded torrsts because of the practice of jhuming. An Assistant Conservator of Forests has been exploring the forests of the northern Lushai Hills for the last two years to choose areas which would be useful for constitu tion as areas dedicated to the practice of Forestry under the auspices of the DistrIct Tribal Council. It is expected that some progress in this regard will be made as soon as the Tribal Council starts functioning. Fauna.-Wild animals are numerous in the more llparsely populated portion of the ,district and include elephants, bison, tigers, leopards, bears and various kinds of dear. Bears are of two varieties-t}:le Himala yan black bear and the J\1alay bear and are unusually common. Small games include jungle fowl and several kinds of pheasants. Wild life of all kinds has been sadly depleted in the Lushai Hills District and except for occasional wild elephants, wild boar and the ubiquitous wild fowl and Doric pheasant there is little game surviving in the Lushai Hills, although it is reported that the wild goat stm manages to survive on the ridges of the steepest Hills. HISTORY The history of the district during t~e British period is largely a history of their raids into British territory and the effort of the Government to put a itop to this perpetual .annoyance by punitive expeditions by locating of outposts along the frontie~ and by diplomatic efforts. None' of these measures were, however, productive of anything more than purely temporary results and the tribes were never pacified till a strong force ~n the centre of the hills was establi!!h~d. The following were the most serious inroads into Assam fro.m the Lushai and Kuki tribes. ~In 1844, Lal Chokla raided Sylhet and took 20 heads. In 1847 upwards of 150- persons were killed by the Kukis in Tripura. In 1849, there were further raids into' Sylhet and Cachar, followed by Col. ' Lister's expedition into the hills, who retired after burning one village. There wer~ further raids in 1862 and again in 1868. I In 1869, two columns of troops were sent into the hills under General Nuthall, but owing to the inclemency of the w THE LUSHAIS General Appearance, Dress ..Tld Food.-The Lushais are distinctly a short Mongolian race, stoutly built, with very muscular legs. The men seldo m have any hair o~ the faces and if a man grow any moustache, he generally pulls out all the hairs except those growing at the corners of his mouth. The women pierce their ears when young and insert discs of baked clay, which are continually increased in size ,till the lobe of the ear ill distended, so that a ring It" in diameter can be inserted. In this hole an ivory ring is worn. The .hair of both sexes is drawn straight back and tied in a knot behind. Men wear a single cloth about 7 fe.et Jon, and five feet wide, wrapped round the body in such a way as to leave the right arm ,bare. Women wear a short dark blue petticoat, kept up py a brass girdle, and reaching nearly to the knee, and a :;hort, white cotton jacket. In the winter 'they'add a cotton wrap, while the men wear cotton jackets und~r their .hawls. Both, sexes;are fond of ornaments. Men sometimes weax: turlians. Both body cloths Bnd turbans arc .generally white but dark blue cloths with coloured stripes 'are worn by the better-off peOple. There is a particular pattern which only men who have killed two metna to feast tht: village are allowerl to wear . The staple food of the people is rice bu~ they will eat "lmost anything they will get eXcept rhinoceros and the hooluk monkey. They are n9t particular either as. to the state of pytrefactio~ that their meat has teacl:}ed. Milk, like the oth~r.hill tribes of Assam) they eschew. Bear made oFfermented rice is the nationai drink and is not \mfrequehtly taken to excess. Bot~ sexes smoke continuously. the men 4se pipes with ~~ boo bowls and a 10lig straight stem, the women's pipes have bowls of clay and are constructed on the pona pIe of the hooka. Villages and Hoizses.-Villages are generally built on the top of a ridge or spur and not on the slope of the hill as is the custom among the Chins. In form~r days the ~hoice of the village site was mUfh inHueqcecJ by its defensive capabilities; the migratory habits of the people precluding their constructing the dabprat~ defensive works found round the Chin village... The villa~es arq laid out in streets all radiating from so~ central open spot facing which is the Chief's house and the zawlbuk or guest house. The houses which are an constructed in the same manner and on the same plan an; built on piles, on ~he natural s10pe or the hiU~ and thus the flOal" of one house is offen higher than the roof of the bouse below it. Marriage.-The proportion of women to men is very large. larger In fact than in any othet district qt the Province-a phenomenon which is common to nearly all the tril;>es. though not in quite so marked a degree .' Each clan has a cegular fixed price lor its girls, and anyone wishing to marcy a girl must pay this price sooner or later. The price varies from three metna to ten according to the clan. 'th,e price 1s always stated in mana, but the actual articll"s given or the amount paid in cash is subject to arrangement. The father or the nearest male relative on her side receives the price, but the bridegr~om has also to pay many other persons. These sums are never paid at once-in fact,. some men never com: plete paying the pdce of their wives. . A young Lushai generally chooses his own wife, and sends a l>alai, or ambassador. to her parents to arrange the details of the price to be paid. The honds of matrimony are loose. If a "('ouple do not get on they can separate bv mutual consent, or if the husband does not like the woman he can simply send her back to her parents. In both these cases he does not recover any part of the price he may have paid. and the recipient of the price is bound to s!lPport the woman till sh~ is married again. If the woman commits adultery, or leaves her hUsband without his consent, her relatives have to refund. wh atever tpey received on her account. A widow is at liberty either to return to her own people, in which case her late husband's relatives take all his property and his ~hi.ldren, or she may continue to live in his house, in which tlase she retains his property in trust for his children, but :should she indulge ill an intrigue she is considered to be an adultecess, and her relatives have to pay back her price to her late husband's relations, who take all the property and also the children. Until a girl is married she may indulge in as many intrigues as she likes, bilt should she be<;ome pregnant her lover must }Yay a metna to 'her father; he will, however, be entitled to take the child When it is old enough to leave its nioUie~. In case the child is a girl, the (a:1her of course gets the marriage price in due ·course. If a man is willing at om:e to marry.a gil1 whom he has seduced he is not ,expected to pay more than the Usual m~rf-i'age price. All cla'ns intermarry, the ~hildTen takin~ the futher's c1im name. The marriage of lirst cousins is not common except amoqg the 'Chiefs who are anxious to marry 'their children to those of other Chiefs. Except his mother, sisters, daughterS aria aUnts, ~ man fua-y 'tnarry 1lny wdrrian he likes. Beyond thi!! Obviblm prohibition, there is 'o got without any work As wom~h dmnot go to war rior kil1 wild animais4 and are hot allowed to ~iv'e feasts, they can only reach this happy land lftheir husbahds take theine Existence in 'Mit-thi-khua is full of trouble and worry. After a cer:tain period ln one of -t"'h'est: two ,'a'bbtIes 6f departed spiritS,. 'the ~spiiit is Jg'a~n born as a hprne~, and after a time assumes the rorm of water, and if in tht: form of dew it 'falls On a man it IS re-born in "his chilCt. . v Occupatums.'-The occupations of the indigenous' inhabitants of the hills begin and end with agricul ture and are of no interest from the descriptive or statistical point of view. Agriculture was returned' as the means of livelihood of exactly 93 per cent. of the population in (1951. They practise jhum culti vation. Their livestock includes tame mithun or bison, pigs, goats and dogs. Dogs are used as articles offood; the pigs are carefully tended and treate~ almost as pets. The arts a,nd industries of the people are not of much importance. The women weave excellent cloths from theIr home-grown cotton and the men are clever enough in making baskets. Almo!!t every house in the~Lushai Hills has one or more -ordinary Lushai waist loom. In some houses such looms will be found according to the number of adult family members living in the same hOl,lse. According to the Superintendent, Lushai Hills, the figures' of band-looms in his district dilclosed by the Census of Small Industries may be taken to be reliable. Tribal IJrgani<;ation.-Col. Shakespear gives the following description of the Lushai' Chiefs and the tribal organization of the Lushai society:- The rise of tht Lushai Chiefs.-Some 200 years ago there lived a man, Thangurra by name, who dis tinguished himself above his fellows and become a powerful Chief, and to him all the present Chiefs tra~e their pedigrees. At Thangurra's time there: is but little doubt that the hills were dotted over with little hamlets, in which lived people all more or less closely connected. Thangurra's descendants by their prowess in war and wisdom in governing, gradually established their Fule from one end of the hills to the other, and their authority now is undisputed, even by the other clans. The most powerful branch of Thangurra's family is the Sailo, so named from Sailova. Each village is ruled by a chief, who is entirely independent. Even a young son will not admit his father's right to influence him, after he has once established a separate village. The chief is supreme in his oWn village, but the people are very democratic, and have a very easy remedy if a cheif oppresses them viz;. , to remove to another village. The chief settles all disputes in the villag'e, arranges where the jhum; are to be, and when and where a' village is to move. His house is the poor-house of the village, and all orphans and others who have no means of support are received there, and get food in return for their labour. Formerly, a person who had committed some serious crime could enter tht': cheif's house and thus ~scaped vengeance. When a child has been brought up in the chief's house, it is in some respects a slave. Girls are releas ·ed on marriage, but the chief receives the marriage price. Boys have to buy their release at the cost of a metna. A chief sometimes buys a wife for a favourite slave, and sets him up in a separate house, and three years after the man will be considered free, but his children are sometimes considered slaves. The chief's slaves are very . well off, they wear the chief's ornaments and eat the best food to be got, and do no more work than they would have tp do if they were n01; slaves. 'r_he chief has several advisers who are called Upa or Ramhual. They have the first choice of jhum land, and sometimes the chief allows them to get a basket of rice from each house. The other village -officials are the crier, who goes round the village after dark, shouting out the chief's orders, the blacksmith and the Puithium or sorcerer, who perfoms sacrifices in case of illness. These persons generally receive ~ donation of rice in baskets of varying sizes from each house in return for their services. Thet e is also a .sweeper to every fifty houses. . The chief receives from one to five baskets of rice according to the quality of the jhum land assigned to the cultivators; he also receives a hindquarter of every animal killed in the chase, besides some other 1Imall dues. INTRODUCING THE STATISTICS . In the past,. village statist~cs for e",:ch. dis!rict used to b~. printed aft.er the Census, giving the popu latIOn of each VIllage and showmg the dlstnbutlOn of commUmtIes and of lIterate persons. In view of the importance of the 1951 Censm, at which in apdition to the usual population data, valuable information was collected concerning the social and economic life of the people, it was decided to publish a District Census Handbook containing the more important Census abstracts and tables. The Primary Census Abstract gives the details of each village by the 8 Livelihood Classes. There are five general population tables of the 'A' Series, three economic tables of the 'B' Series five house hold and age (sample) tables of the 'C' Series, seven social and cultural tables of the 'D,' Series and one taLle 'E' giving summary figures for the district and tahsils. As far as possible, these tables furnish district data with break-up for Census tracts within the district. At the'1951 Census, the economic classification was substituted for the classification based on religion. The people have been divided into two broad livelihood categories, 'namely, the agricultural classes and the non-agricultural classes. There are four agricultural classes deuned as below:- 1. Cultivators ofland wholly or mainly owned and their dependants. II. Cultivators ofland wholly or mainly un-owned and their dependants. III. Cultivating labourers .and their dependants. IV. Non-cultivating owners of land, agri<;ultural rent receivers and their dependants. - Thl'te Me Simil:irly four noh~agrlciIltural dasses defined iis persons inclildin8 depentlants who dtrive their principal me:lO$ bf liveIihodtl frome.... V; Prodiidion oilier than cuHi~atiorl; Vf. t:ommerce. VII. Transport; VJII; Othef ser{7ites and miscellaneolls S{)urces: Tfie above elglii Classes nave been referred to as HvetiHocid- classes. Each of the above eight iivelihood classes has been divided into three suo-dasses with reference to tne economic status as below:- (i) Self,;suppbrting Per:Jons j (ii) Non-earning Dependants; and (iii) Ear:tdftg DepetiClarlU. '(i) it 'Seif-suppbiting Person' i~ one whO- earhs an iIicdme in calih tJf kina sufficient ~t least f6t };iis owii m (I) Em:pto~erS'~ (ii) Employees, and (iii) lli8e-pHitleHt \VorItecl. A person is treated as an 'Employer' only if he has necessarily to employ any person in order to carty on the businf'ss from which he secures his livelihood, provided tHat employee is regularly employed and der.i,v~s. hi~ .. P:in_ciJ?al M~a?~ ot Live!ihood .by ,such employ.I?t;nt,. 'par.~-time ~r c~sual ~XYl?loy~~nt which does not provlcie tHe Pqnclpal Means of LIvelIhood of the emp1Qyee should not be i_aken mto accd'unt. A pe'tson empl@)!ing a cook or oHief servants for domestic services is not·an empioyet. An 'Erhpl0'Yee' is ~ persoii whb> brtiinafily wdrks tmder soffit: tither )ierstlIi fdr a, salaT}' 6r wagl! itt c~h 0"'1 kind, as the means of e~rnihg his ~ivHiHddd. Mamtgers, Su:perinteritlents; Agentsl etc., and , T,he ~~i? ~epoJ."~., In addition to these Volumes there are National Registers of Citizens prepared for every village and 'ward Mdt! maintained in manuscript giving· ·important ctnAus details fflr ~l!E:h person. These registeH ate preserved as permanent recards in the·diStfkt heatiqUarters: From tlie dat~. coU.!!cted aLthe' Census ofthe ~maH-scale Industries, three tables were prepared which are included in the District Census IIandbo()k, giving village or wardwise distribution oJ small-scale i~.d1,lstria.~ Jest.a~l~s3~ent~, ~~p"l~y~~nt in textile establIshments for Gensus tracts and employment in non textile esfab1ishmenfs tor die same tracts. While the act'UftltJ ill tespett of the tletfLils actually.retorded l5y tli~ Etiumeratort t!ufitig tH~ 6ens~s of the Small1scale lti8ustries ha~ bti~h repoI'teti t6 b~ g~oti, tM Dihtict Officed \fete I)t tJ1e ~ie..v Hi~H tb~e was a tbndency towards liridbr-eriumlfratidti of th~ est£blishmenN, due to Hie failure of the eiHihieratiHg staff to make ihteftsitJi 4jfdrts 16 'di.tcotJer till ~sil:l/jlishrfM'hts Wi tliio- tlie atl!a~ !illott'!d td tHem. The fi~drds in. tW!1 tables for the Sn1all.;r!lcale Intlu~trie~ should; thereft;re~ be te§l!rded as {ittistrhfiv! (jf lh¢ hatUtt bf snhHl iddustries ptettalent in thl! difThrent pattS 6f the tlistrict and should not be relieti UptiH as ~iving tlccuffltt number of specific type of establishments in different localities. INSTRUCTIONS FOR TABULATION OF VILLAGE N0TBS Important infoqnation for every village was separately < recprdeq 1. Floods- Write ccf" if it is liable to flood of any Gategory. 2. Epidemics- . rot <:flfries Hke eholera, Sijiait-P9x, kala-azar, Malaria, \fiiie tJii., sp., ith:, or Mal. For iiIt other eptC1emics menffoned in diis column, enfer it in ftill. 3. Water Supply- {a) The village has a source of water supply provided by the Government or Local Board. (b) Natural squrces of supply like rivers and bils. ( c) Private supply. (d) Acute scarcity. Underlined, it will indicate that the quality of drinking water is bad. 4.. Medical Facilities- (0) The village has a Local Board or Government regular dispensary witHin 5 .miles radius. (b) There is no regular dispensary but a Public Health Dispensary within 5 miles radius. (c) There is no dispensary but a private qualified doctor within 5 miles radius. (d) No medical facilities of any sort. 5. Educational Facilities- 1. Served by a Local Board or Government School within 2 miles radius. 2. Served by a Private Venture School only within 2 miles radius. 3. No educational facilities of any kind (Mission Schools have been generally treated as private schools although in some areas where they get grant-in-aid they have been shown as Government Schools by Enumerators). CENSUS TRACT-SAMPLE POPULATION AND DISPLACED PERSONS Census statistics of the l'rban and rural population can be studied in various ways. The results of such studies in comparing the conditions and characteristics of the urban and rural people in the matter of births, deaths, sex composition, sanitation, levels of living, etc., would be of great value in economic pla.nning and development of social welfare work in the State and its different parts. Each district was, therefore, divided for purposes of the Census into a number of rural and urban tracts. according to the size of the population. viii I Preparatory to th'e sortin" add 'tabulation of census information, rural and urban areas of a district were. grouped into Census Tracts' on the basis of instructions issued by the Registrar General of India. With his approval the following rural arid urban tracts were formed in the caSe of Lushai Hills District. Tract No. Area in sq. miles Population 10 Lushai Hills ...... •.... Rural ... 8,145 189,252 " " ...... Urban (Aijal) 4 6,950 " Total 8,149 196,202 In several Tables the term "Sample Population" has been used. This sample was drawn accordini to the following instruction of the Registrar General of India. Enumeration was done on pads of 100 sUps each, a slip containing the record of an individual. "Break" each pad and stack the slips of the pad; and "cut" the stack as in a card game. Place the lower portion above the upper portion and then deal the slips into the pigeon holes. You should deal the slips into pigeon holes in the order of 1, 2, 3,4, !>, S, 6, 7, 8, and 9 successively. All the time, you should watch the slips of ' Displaced Persons'. If you come across any slip of a displaced person deal it in the pigeon hole separately labelled for 'Displaced Persons'. Thus there were three bundles; (ij General Slip~, i. e., Slips combined for holes labelled for 1,2,3,4,5,6 7,8 and 9, (ii) Sample Slips, t. e., Slips in the hole marked 'S' and (iii) Displaced Persons. ' Hence it will be seen that the sample is not a sample of the total population but of the latter excluding the'Displaced Population'. The check factors for the sample population are: 1,000 SIG Rural Total =110'87 1,000 S/G Urban Total =110'22 1,000 SIG District Total =110'85 A 'Displaced Person' was defined by the Registrar General of India, as follows: "A 'Displaced Person' means any person who has entered India having left or being compelled to leave his or Her home in Western Pakistan on or after the 1st March, 1947 or his/her home in Eastern Pakis tan on or after the 15th October, 1946 on account of civil disturbances or the fear of-such dist'urbances or on account of the setting up of the two Dominions of India ana Pakistan." ( ) *;)l{:>1!Jq AIJ IIJIM srooi'll .... J;)qrunll I1!'10.L .", .... ...... :'" • <0 o pUll I PdllMQ-I .....'" ....., '" .... .... ,...... <0'" .....,'"o ...... I1UOSJ;)d ...... , ....<0 ...... , a. "'0_ '" '" .... -..... ...... '" M~",~G m,...... Q\ ~CN~ INcq\O~~.... «:"I", lI'J I,Qit'--COQ\-O """'" ~",'I:ft\t') ~ _M ~ ..-..: ...... 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O\CO~\OIO COI"""1'oOI;-et) t,C"'1'~Q\O CNtnC'iCOI""""I \OO\~CN¢ '¢"I!!fI\O"'1I~ ",co ...... 00'l1l:lQ 1""""I~cr,)C:O\C :;,." t- ...... ~c::c1D ""',...... -1 ...... -.:fIt-COOC"'" CO¢IoCc-lr:- OC'tCOet::lM \Ct-~.c...-4 Ot-~=~ COll')~'DM ..... ~ ..,'" ...... <'4.., ..... -~I"'""1""'r-I ...... C' tr.)"'I!'CCC'l")Q ~\C)""'t-O 001C(o~O '<1'Q'" Q"''''''''O "'00<:0"11') &.1)1:'-('1")\0\0 ..... ('I')\O<:f\iN U)et)~l""'It:I") lI')~OO\I1':I cqOlIlNC"I1J') CNMCOlf:)"I!' "~\QCNI"""iI C'l1CC'QlOlI) :t)d)r"""!o'o:f"~ .., ...... (N-O\ Q\ ~~...... "" ... "" ...... '" ('I')::~~\() ~C'llJ';)\CIr-4 ~'" ,. ...... "" 14 .... .~ • or.. .' C:OCOC"lCOt OQ\Qt-cq ",,"",('I')et)~~ \ ..,.,..... '" - J l f s:>!W;}P!d;1 pUll spooTd ~ I 'S;)!l!lPIIJ ytmoplI:mp;) l pUll 11l:>!P;)W 'hlddns J;}lIlM 15 ..... r-r.cq~co \C)co('t)QO ["'"' a> 0\ t--o 0.'" 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CIQI~ C"l\Oe'lbot'1't:-a I ...... ,...... ~lI) l ..... r :..i o· J t S;I!l!l!:lllj 11lUOpll:>npd ~ '3 '3 '3 I pll'll Jll:>fp:lUl 'AJddns ~:llllM e ::Q::Q::Q l •(;j _ 0• ~z l' ( :Q .., I f; ...... '"co .. I~ ..."":t j;.:J - \0 e'I') lI'l .. co 'O!I § l- \0 ..... e'I') ...... t- tll_ V)~ ""'n t- ...... _of! .e. "'" n ...... :~ Of') ~ Of') II) co .... ""'~ ...... '".. '" ...... C"I ~ ;l ...... ~ co s ~ I~ ~ .. 'D" > + + "" "" + + + >0 :;- -0 7 ..... C .... c" l~ c~ .... 0 \0 ...... en ~ ::e ~ ~ c ..,. ~ I:- 01 0 (0::: .... ,_ "i ...... n C"I.. I ~ Ct:J~ ( _'" -0 'D ~ M CIS ;...f lI'l e ...... ,. lI'l l:- M· \0 e I I.e 2- M· ! "'" .....~ I;.:J g I I in o~ 1! I] ...... '""" "" p:: ...... '"cf '" -< fi ~ !1~1~ "" :>< ..,. 01 ..... C'I C'l Of') \0 co ...... :>< .§ ...... , ...... 0 \0"'" lI'l"'" \0", ~~ ~ ...... d ""," Of')'" .. ..,. ~ lJ:. :::. C' <:> ~ ...... II) ..,., Q Vi '¢o ...... "" '¢"".. < ...i jg .....' ... I ~ ..,., .,., e> :2 ~ I- "" "" 00 C' .... p., ...... M • ° 10 ... :> ...... C> ~ 0 z ..u '2 ...... '0 "'0 11 Total population Towns and villages with less than 2,000 population ~~ ~'~.,..-_- _____/~ __ ---.. ,------~~------~ -~~~ Total Less than 500 ~ .S f:-t 'j;: Persons Males Females .------"---.., ,----_---"----~ f:-t No. M F No. M F (1) (2) (3) (4) (.5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (ll) Rural Tract No.10 631 1,89,252 92,309 96,883 631 92,369 96,883 509 51,104 52,870 Urban Tract No.4 (Aijal) 1 6,950 3,767 3,183 District Total .. 632 1,96,202 96,136 1,00,066, 631 92,369 96,883 509 51,104 52,870 Towns and villages with less than Towr.s and villages with a popu 2~000 population lation of 2,000-10,000 ----- ,------~------~ Lushai Hills 500-1,000 1,000-2,000 5,000-10,000 ,..... _____..A.- ____~ .-______.A._. _____.., r------J.------. No. M F No. M' F No. M F (i2) (13 J (14) (15) (16) (17) (~8) (19) (20) (21) Rural Tract No.10 113 36,340 38,76U 9 4,925 5,253 Urban Tract !,!0.4 (Aijal) 1 3,767 3,1113 District Total .• 113 36,340 38,760 9 4,925 5,253 1 3,767 3,183 A.-IV.-TOWNS CLASSIFIED BY POPULATION WITH VARIATIONS SINCE 1901 Town Persons Variation Net Vari'ltion Males Variation Females Variation (1901-1951) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Class V-5,000-10,00O Aijal; 1941 4,7SCI 2,502 3,!!73 1951 6,95U +2,170 3,767 +1,265 2,183 +.,05 A.-V.-TOWNS ARRANGES TERRITORIALLY WITH POPULATION BY LIVELIHOOD CLASSES Livelihood Clas~es r--- ...... Non-Agricultural Classes Agricultural Classes --"---. --~ r--- ... Persons (including dependenis) who derive their ._...' '"... ., 'l:] principal means of livelihood from ;- btl>'"'01._ Q "3 01 ., ... r-- .., 0,...... t:: '" , bOO" ~~ OJ t:: Name of Population OJ 0 t::"'O'" t:: ..r::._ u-... '" .. ''''' =: cu ~~~ Town ...... -~:;.", CI)u ... 0 c 001 .... Q'-> ... ~.~"'''''' ::1 ~~5~ B~& 0'::: ~ 0 ~~.::.~ u ._:: :::I 0.. ... e~ ~- ...... , :::s !JI'J t'iS 0 ._:: bI)"'O. u " C e 01- -5"'0:::1" 'i t· E; oS -C:'"::J ...... "'0:::1= e §c':::"O Owl) 01 0 0= il Zit:::l los..r:: 0..r:: 0 I os = t:: >-IJ p; ... ~ .... IOU O! ...... I ...... , J ;> ;> >- >-...... -"----.., r--.A.------.. ,-__....__.., ~ ,-___..______, ~ r-----"----. ., ., ., ..... v u ..v ...'" '"I) ..c ~ ... (ij (ij 0 ~ ~ I:l ~ .., CO$ ... ~ ..!:l.. ~ '" (ij (ij (ij'" (ij 8 8 (ij I:: 8 e e os ~ I) " I) 5 ... I) I) ... 5 il-< ~ .... ~ ~ .... ~ .... ~ .... ~ .... ~ ... S "" .., (IF (2)' (3 ) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) PO) (11) ,(12) (13) (14) (15) (Hi) -Aijal 6,950 3,767 3,183 294 268 537 {>05 108 51 '2,024 1,561 ." 33 1& 771 ~S3 21 tN""""' ..... C"I_...... O ~lI':I\CI~t-\Ooo ..C'I";I ... t-1J').... , 0 ...... "'" II) 1'\1...... 4NP"""ItQ ..... ,.....~ MO\"I!fC"lQO"'I!f ..... ·\Oef;lCN\CIMc-tO ·~r:"IOt-t-Oll') lI)"'eQ"'C'i M"' ...... C'f ...... ,¢"O!fI~Oeo¢'1'-O C'l':ltI') CX) (,,7'\ 0 CO ~ • -.:;0 01 C'I") \C "d' _j, ,....r:-...o ....., ... G"'i- ~eI";I eo 0-.0\ \0..0 N M .... '--O ...... C"\I t-Ot-t-Ot-O • -.::f... t-." t- ~ >Q.. t- - .... • t-I.C 00\ t- COCO \CU') C'-1 ( I~ I~ t-~tnI..l')O~C'I \O\Cec:oc:o~co ~~ :O...... 'O:fI'OCO :~'" + I./) 0\\0 C'l')r-\OC"o1 "011 C'I ...... CO \C,..... \0 :~~ COIOO "'dII ~..... tt)c\'''t)~I'''''''I~O\ .. ('I? t-"I!!fI com C'Q 0 .,.....1""""'1 t- ~ ~ Oil" ."""" ...... ~ L l Ji I~ Iii I~ L 22 LUSHAI HILLS T_ble B-i-i..ivtlihood qlasses auf!! !iub.claSlses I to IV .---______,____ .A------""""\, Total Population All Clasg~s ~--'--. ,------"---~--. S.C.(I) S.C.(lI) S.C.(lII) -., Total r---~ ,----"---, r-:---;-"----. .,.....-_..A.. ___., S.el!;-support- Nop-earning Eatnlni de mg persons dependant pt:ndaftt P if F P M F M F M F F (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) flO) (11) (12) (13) Rural Total-Tract No.10 1,89,~52 921369 96,8M 1,80,94~ 87,855 93,092 36,605 25,47J 44,319 51,418 6,931 16,195. --- III--- Urb~n Tota.l-Tract No.4 6,950 3,767 3,183 1,50~ 804 698 S43 434 467 27 120 District total 1,96,202 96,136 1,00,066 1,82,449 88,659 93,790 36,948 25,590 44,753 51,885 6,958 16,315 Agricul~ural Classes. ~-----. "---1. Cultivation of land whol~y or mainlY owned and tl!eir II. Oultivators ofland wholly 'dependants . or mainly tlnowned and their dependants .+ ..A____ ~ _____-. r-----..!...A..------"'\ S.O. (I) S.O. (II) 3.C. (III) S.C. (I) 0.C. (Il)S.O. (IIt~ r---~--r---..A_--...... ,r--.A.-.-., Total ,----"'--v--..A-...r---..A..., Total Self-supporting Non-earning Earn~ng depend- Self-sup- ~on- Earnin~ perlolls dependants ants porting earning depend persbm depend- ants ants M F M M F' M F MF MFMF MF (14) (IS) (10) (17) (18) (19) (2\) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26 (27\ (28) (29) Rural Total-Tract N'0.1O _86,702 91,-7-S4--3Q-,-26-7- 25,-4-08-4-3-,60550,41~6;&301~33------ lJrban Total-Tract No.4 711 682 341 110 405 452 25 120 : .~ Agricultural Olasses-contd. r---- . _. J' J I .t IiI. Cultiva :M }' M F M F M F M F M F M F M F (30) (31) (32) (33) (34) (35) (36) (37) (38) (39) (40) (41) (42) (43) (44) (45) JlUral Totti-Tract No. Hi 3 '} 3 '} 1,150 1,329 335 71 714 996 101 262 , Urban Total-Tratt No.• 33 16 2 1 29 J5 2 • '} 337 Disttict total 3 3 9 ___1,183 -L.. 1,!}45 72 743 1,01l 103 262 23 LUSHAI HILLS , Economic Table B-I-Livelihood Classes and suh-classes-contd. V to VIII ___---A. All Classes ~-- S.C. II) S.C.(Il) S.C.(lIl) r----.-,A.--.-v---..A.---,r------"------.. Total Self-supporting Non-earning Earning Unclassifiable persons dependants dependants persons P M M F M F M F M F (46) (47) (49) (50) (51) (52) (53) (54) (55) (56) Rural Total-Tract No.IO 8,305 4,514 3,791 2,241 254 2,081 3,151 192 386 ----~------.------Urban Total--Tract No.4 5,448 2,963 2,485 1,514 147 1,419 2,178 30 160 District total 13,753 7,477 6,276 3.7~5 401 3,500 5;329 922 546 ------ , ______. ______Non-Agricultural..A.. ______Classes -, Persons (Including dependants who derive their principal means of livelihood from- ..A.. -, ..A-- V. Production other than cultivation VI. Commerce ,------"------, .A -, S.C.el) S.C.(Il) S.C. (III) S.C.(l) S.C. ell) S.C. (Ill) ~,..---A_.-...:..,,--..A. __-, r-'-,A.._-y- --A..-----..~..A-____ Self-support- Non-earning Earning Total Self-support- Non.earning Earning Total ing persons dependants dependants ing persons dependants dep~ndants M F M F M F M F 'M F M F M F M F (57) (58) (59) (60) (61) (62) (63) (64) (65) (66) (67) (68) (69) (70) (71) (72) .------ Rural Total-Tract No.10 565 490 320 30 201 399 45 61 575 • 4b2 219 49 324 367 32 ~6 Urban Total-Tract No.4 294 268 121 13 164 234 9 21 537 605 183 59 348 507 6 39- District total 860 758 441 43 365 633 54 82 1,112 1,067 402 108 672 874 38 85 .______Non-Agricultural ,A. Classes-concld_____ • (Including dependants) who derive their principal means oflivelihood from-concld . ..A.. -, VII. Transport VIII. Servic~s and other miscellaneous sources ,--. ~-~ ___ ..A.. __ S.C.(l) S.C.(II) S.C. (III) S.C.(I) S.C. (II) S.C.(IIl) ,..---.A.._____.,,---"--v--..A..--, r--.A-----_,--.~-.A.-_____., Self-support- Non-earning Earning S~lf-support- Non-earning Earning Total ing persons dependants dependants Total 109 persons dependants dependants M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F' (73) (74) (75) (76) (77) (78) (79) (60) (61) (82) (83) (84) (85) (86) (87) (86) Rural Total-TraetNo.10 134 88 91 2 38 76 5 10 3,239 2,751 1,611 173 1,518 2,309 110 269 --'------Urban Total-Tract No.4 108 51 81 1 26 45 5 2,024 1,561 1,129 74 881 1,392 14 95 ------,- District total 242 139 172 3 64 121 6 15 5,263 4,312 2,740 247 2,399 3,701 124 364 24 LUSHAI HILLS Economic Table B I-Livelihood Classes and Sub~classes Displaced Persons I to IV r------"------. Total Population All Classes of all livehhood Clas~es r----~--v- '---. S.C.(I) S.C.(II) S.C.(lII) ,-_-"---y--,A----y---..A.---. Total Self-sllpport-Non-Earning Earning Tract Nos. ,·---..A--,ing persons dependants dependants P. M. F. P. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7 (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) Rural Total .. Tract No.10 .. 775 410 365 737 390 ~47 180 102 160 174 50 71 Urban Total .. Tract No.4 ------District Total •• .. 775 '410 365 737 390 347 180 102 160 174 50 71 ._------_._--_:_ AgricuItuml Classes. ,- ___..A.._ , -. 1. Cultivation of land wholly or mainly owned 11. Cultivation of land-wholly or mainly and their dependants unowned. and their dependants ------..A..------,.--.,r--r ..A.. ______---. S.C'(I) S.C. (II) S.C.(IlI~ S.C.(I) 8.C.(1I) S.C. (III) ,----..A.._-y--_..A.. --'1(----"---"" r--..A..--y---A---v-...... --., Total Self-suppor- N'Jn-Earning Earning Total Self- Non- Earning r----"--, ting persons dependants dependants,-- .A.._-, supporting Earning dependants Persons dependants M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) (2) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24~ (25) (20) (27) (28) (2'.1) (30) Rural Total Tract No.IO 390 347 180 102 160 174 50 71 Urban Total Tract No.4 District Total 390 347 1~0 102 16u 174 50 71 Agricultural Clasaes ,----_-___ A.____ .______~ III. Cultivating labourers and their IV. Non-cultiv,ating owners of land, dependants agricultural rent receivers and , their dependants r-- . r- ~. ___A._ .' • -v+-- ~ S.C.(I) S.c.(lI) S.C. (Ill) S.C.(I) S.C.(II) S.C.(lII) ,- - ~--.,--!--A-----y--.A__--. ,-.---'---v------"--...... ,,--~ Total Self- Non- Earning Total Self- Non- Earning ,--.A.----., supporting Earning dependants,----- ...... --. supporting Earning dependants persons dependants persons dependants, M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) (2) (31) (32) (33) (34) (35) (36) (37)"(38) (39) (40) (41) 42.) ('4;3! (44) ('is) (46) Rural Tot!!l Tract No.10 Urban Total Tract No.4 District Total 25 l.USHAl' HIE.LS Economic Table B I-Livelihood Classes and Suh-classe$-contd. Displaced Penons V toVIII All Classes / (- S.C.(I) S.C. (II) S.C. (III) r------A----~-----,,-----_A__---__v__--~ Total Self-supportng Nno-Earning Earning Unclassified .. ---: persons dependants dependants pei'sons P. M. F. M. F. M. ) F. M. F. M. F. (1) (2) (47) (48) (49) (50) (51) (52) (53) (54) (55) (56) (57) Rural Total Tract No.10 38 20 18 8 12 17 Urban Total Tract No.4 Total 38 20 18 8 12 17 1 Non-Agricultural Classes Persons (including dependants) who derive their principal means of livelihood from- r------,~,------~ V. production other than Cultivation VI. Commerce r------v------"------....., S.C. (I) S.C.(ll} S.C. (III) S.C. (I) S.C. III) S C. (III) ~--"--______~ ,.--A-~~ Self- Non- Earning Self- Non- Earning Total supportigg Earning dependants Total supporting Earning dependants _.A.-----, persons dependants r-~ pt:rsons dependants M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) (2) (58) (59) .(60) (61) (62) (63) «(14) (oS) (66) (67) (6?) (~9,) (70 j, (71) (72) (73) "Rural Total Tract No.10 16 15 7 9 15 Urban Total Tract No.4 __,.,._-,..,..___._- Dist;r;ict Total ., 16 15 7 9 15 Non-Agricul tural Class.es Persons (including depfOndants) who derive their ptincipal means of livelihood from --A- VII. Trnasport VII. 8,,::rvices ap.d other Miscellaneous sources ____.A v .A..-______"' S.C.(I) S.C.(ll) S.C.{III) S.C (I) S.C.(II) S.C.(IU) ~ .A.~ ,----'----v----"-----v--~ • Total Self- Non- Earning -Total Self- Non- Earning " -____..___" supporting Earning -dependants ~ supporting Earning dependants perllons dependants persons dependants M. F M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) (2) (74.) (75) (76) (77) (78)· (79) (80) (81) (82). (83) (84) (85) (86) (87) (88) (89) Rural Total Tract No.IO- ., ... 4 3 1 3 2 1 Urban Total T~t No.4' .. District Total ..' 4 3 1 3 2 --I 26 LUSHAI HILLS TABLE B-II .....!-SECONDARY MEANS OF LIVEI,.IHOOD Number of persons deriving.____ their--A.- socondary means of livelihood from- Cultivation of owned land ------~~-~Cultivation of unowned land- Livelihood classes Total Self-supporting Earning Total Self.supporting Earning Persons dependants Persons dependants . (1) (2) (3) (41 (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) !13) Tract No. 10 M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. All Agricultural classes •• 6,829 16,Oll 6,829 16,011 1 1 I Cultivators of land 6,733 15,806 6,738 15,806 1 1 wholly or mainly owned. II Cultivators of lands wholly or mainly unowned. III Cultivating labourers IV Non.cultivating own 91 205 91 205 ers of lands, agricultu ral rent receivers. All non-agricu I t u r a I classes- person who derive their 254 354 102 17 152 337 princIpal means of live hkhood from. _V production (other than 79 54 41 8 38 46 cultivation.) VI Commerce 23 42 8 15 42 . , VII Transport 8 3 5 VIII Other services and 144 258 50 9 94 249 misce llaneous sources. Tract 4 All Agricultnral classes.. 18 100 18 100 I Cultivators of land 18 100 18 100 wholly or mainly owned. II Cultivators of land wholly or mainly un owned. III Cult~vating labourers IV Non-cult iva tin g .. owners of land agricul tural rent receivers. All non-agricultural dasses- Persons who derive their 43 28 3 15 56 princ~al means of live lihood from. V Production (other than cultivation.) ,2() 13 12 3 13 VI Commerce 1 17 3 I 14 VII Transpor.t . 1 1 VIII Other serVIces and 22 28 16 6 28 miscellaneons SOurces. ------District Total Total Agricultural classes 6,847 16,111 6,847 16,11~ I 1 I .. 6,756 15,906 6,756 15,906 '1 .OJ 1 II .. III .. IV .. 91 205 91 205 Non-agricultural classer 297 413 130 20 167 393 V .. 99 67 53 8 46 59 VI .• 24 59 8 3 16 56 VII .. 8 I 3 5 1 VIII •. 166 286 66 9 100 277 27 LUSHAI HILLS J'ABLE B-I1.-SEQONDARY MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD Number of persona deriving their seco1ldary means of livelihood from- ----~., Employment a. cultivating labourers Rent from agricultural land Livelihood classes r--- -J------v-- _-A--__------.. Total Sel f~supporting Earning Total Self-supporting Earning persons dependants persons dependaq,ts (14) (15) (16~ (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) Tract No.lO . M. F. 1\1. F .. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. All Agricultural classes . 1 1 1 1 ," 1 1 1 1 I Cultivators of land 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 wholly or marlily owned. II Cultivators of land ." wholly or mainly owned. III Cultivating lab()ut'ers IV Non-culd vat i n g owners of land, agricul tural rent receivers. All non-agricultural classes- Persons who dedve their 1 1 principal m.ean of live lihood from. V Production (other than cultivation. ) VI. Commerce .. ' VII Transport VIII Other services and 1 1 miscellaneous sources. Tract" - All Agricultural classes .. I Cultivators of land ," wholly or mainly owned. II Cultivators, of land " .. ' .: ." wholly or mainly un . ... owned. III Cultivating labourers ," ." IV Non-culti vat.i n g .. ' ,.0 owners of land, agricul tural reot receivers. All non-agricultural classes- Persons who derive their 2 2 prinCipal means of live lihood from. V Production (other than cultivation. ) VI Commerce VII Transport 1 1 VIII Other services and 1 1 miscellaneous sources. District total Total Agricultural classes 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II III IV Non.agricultural classes .. 3 3 V VI VII • o. 1 1 VIII 2 2 28 LUSHAI HILLS TABLE B-II.-SECONDARY MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD Number of person deriving their secondary means of livelihood from- r--- Livelihood classes Production other than cultivation Commence r- -v-- Total Self-supporting Earning Total Self-supporting Earning persons dependants persons dependants (26) (27) (26) (%9) (30) (31) (32) (33) '(34) (35) (36) (37) TracfNo.4 M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. ¥. F. A'll AgricultUral cJas~es .. 356 397 320 f 286 ,36 111 84 46 7S 6 9 40 I Cultivators of land 352 348 318 285 34 63 83 46 74 6 9 40 wholly or mainly owned. II Cultivators of land .. wholly or maIDly un- owned. III Cultivating labourers ., IV Non-cui t iva tin g 4 49 :I 1 2 48 1 1 owners of J.!lnd, agricul- tura 1 aent receivers. All non-agricu I t u r a I classe.- Perions who derive their 105 }]_6 100 5 5 .u 49 -20 31 1 18 19 principal means of live- lihoOd from. ! V Productioh (other than 81 .. -80 '" 1 ... -24 .16 .19 1 5 15 cultivation. ) VI 'Commel:ce '21 7 '·18 3 4 ·15 .4 11 • 3 \ VIr Transport ...... '- . .... VIII Other services' and 3 . 9 2 ·2 - 1 7 ·10 ·4 8 2 4 miscellaneous sources. Tract 4 All ,Agricul tural classes .. '18 19 ·11 1 • 7 '·18 5 3 2 I Cultivators of 'land '15 '19 ·10 1 ·5. ·18 5 3 3 wholly 01' mainly owned. -II Cultivatots of 1and .. .. '.. .. ' .. ', . wholly or mainly un- owned. In 'Cultivating labollrers ...... , ..., ...... IV'Non-culti vat i n g 1 .. 1 .. 2 '" ' .. owners of land, agricul- tural rents receivers. All non-agricultural classes- Persons who' derive their 23 '84 17 4 .6 80 ·17 .21 .11 1 6 21) principal means of live- lihood from. V Production (other' than 2 8 2 2 1 6 2 2 . 2 2 cultivation) . VI "Commerce 7 21 6 2 1 19 "4 5 4 5 VII Transport 1 1 4 1 3 VBI Other 'services and 13 54 9 • 4 54 11 .,10 •• 9 2 10 miscellant:ous sources_. District Total 'Total Agricultural clas~es 374 416 331 287 •• 43 129 84 '51 75 9 9 42 ~---- ,tI 369. 367 328 £86 ·39 81 83 51 74 9 9 42 1II 'N 7 • 49 3 1 4 48 1 1 Non -Agricultural classes 128 '100 117 9 11 91 ·66 41 42 "2 24 39 V '.. .. 64 8 82 2 2 6 • %6 .18 21 1 5 17 VI 28 28 24 !> 4 23 19 5 4 IS 5 VtI 1 1 4 1 3 VIII 16 63 11 2 5 61 21 14 17 4 16 29 LUSILU IDLLS 'FABLE B-II.-SECONDARY'MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD Number of persons deriving their secondary mean~ of livelihood from- Livelihood classes Transport Other services and miscellaneous sources Total Self-supporing Earning Total Self-supporting Earning persons dependant Persons dependants (38) (39) (40) (41) (43) (44) (45) (46) (47) (48) (4') Tract No. 10 M. F. M. F. F. M. ~ F. M. F. M. F. All Agricultural classes .. 6 2 1 2 247 45 196 13 51 32 1 Cultivators of land 6 2 1 2 233 36 190 13 n 23 wholly or mainly owned. 11 Cultivators of land wholly or mainly un owned. III Cultivating labourers IV Non-cuI t iva tin g 14 9 6 8 9 owners of land, agricul tural rent receivers. All non-agri cuI t u r a I cla8ses- Persons who derive princi 4 6 4 42 19 25 6 17 pal means of livelihood from. V Production (other than 1 cui tj va tion. ) VI Commerce 1 1 7 1 1 3 VU Transport 6 6 4 .£ VIII Other services and 3 3 31 14 18 5 13 9 miscellaneous sources. Tract 4 All Agricultural classes .. 9 7 2 .1 Cultivators of land 9 7 3 wholly or mainly owned. :11 Cultivators of land ~holly or mainly un owned. 111 Cultivating labours .. lV Non-cultivation owners of land, agricultural rent receivers. All non-agricu I t u r a I classes- Persons ;who derive their 1 1 16 5 IS 1 3 principal means of live • lihood from. :v Production (other than 6 • cultivation.) VI Commerce 1 1 -4 1 1 VII Transport .. 1 1 VIII Other services and 2 2 3 miscellaneous sources. District Total Total Agricultur&1 classes 6 2 1 2 5 256 65 203 13 53 32 I 6 2 1 2 5 242 36 197 13 45 2S II III .. IV r' 9 6 8 9 Non-Agricultural classea .. 5 6 5 6 24 38 7 2. 17 V 9 1 VI 2 2 3 II 2 3 1 VII 6 6 1 VIII 1 .£ S 3 17" 20 5 IS l'l r Ir r ...... l I .... l I,ro. . c ·.- f I StIOIJ:ld .litI!t.JOddns"jpS -{ l f t I I ...... C> cc I ...... = 1 U ! l~ - 1 ~ J1 ...... c!: L ...... I "0 0 f JBto~ 0 :S ] ..... cc co 0 ...... "" ...... 'S t · co ~ ~ l l I· I· ...... e-> ... "CJ' C- r:- r:- 01~ ! -- 0' "0 1~ s:: .liu!tIllIa ..3 0 stll'llptQd:lp .,u I .~., ! ...... e C> ..c: U) II) -c..c ... e 0, btl ·I~ Ul s:: a :S "C tl r "0 ~ l! ., "0 ...... S s:l u o po.. 2 0 f . e- · ~., Mo. ~ S tIOSJ:ld l1ultJoddnS"JI:lS "0 .a u ~I 'S. .. u· s:l g "S... .~ w jl «I r "'-l is ~I .~ ~ · '3 f~ J 0 } = 1 .! I ...... a e' .. r:- ~ j~ ret°~ ~-...... C> li ...... 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'0 LI) e ...... ~ <:> ....<:> ' {: CO) . _, M t- ... .., .. ~ ~ 5 .& e- ...... I:l ·i I u l~ '" ...... Sl 11 ...co ;f s::.,'" ~1 e 0 ...... s:l.. '!' :§l ~ ...... u IBlO,L ...... "U ...... '" (;i 0- t- ool' M f~ '" ... ~ /- Im0,L 'e- 1 {: ...... l .... co 'M .n t- .., ." ... 0.. l ~ Q ...... l~ 'e ... """'0 ..,.... a S.Ia:lJ:JOM e- l:3.. lUllp~d;JpUI ., ( ." ... .., c:o 0- co .§ .... ." 8 ... {: ._,. j~ "" ., '" 'E r s~,{OIdwg ~ i Po £ ., ...... s:l.. 'C co ., .8 .,.. CO> ~, '" ...... ~ .S l~ e- "; to s:: I 8 ;:I e a ... .F;)'{OIdw3: ...... a c:Q s:: ..c ... 11> ... ..,. '0 ...... r:os a "'0 ... I. s:: .., I'l {: e ... os .., 0\ ... co Il8 os ·r ~ '" ~I. "1., ~ e- J5 I~(l,L 1 ) u ...... = i I , co;- (;i rfJ ... ~ 001' \0 co ...... =CI " ~ ... po< e .., e a :j = ~ :a 0.. l ·l ~ ~ =~ IBlO,L ...... m ... III ':" l ...... t- ~ ., :I: ...... '" f,I ,J:J. '" {: e- ... ta ~ -m ~ ...... <: a co tl ::r: Col r ...... rfJ ... 8' ...... 8 SJ;)'lJOM e -5 .... c ..,., J~ C a SJ;)l{JOM Col ;: e- ::s I ~tlllpu;;!d:lPUI ~ ..,. 3 8 . f lUllpU;)d;)pUI 1~ ~ .8 ... '" s c , l~ e 0; f,I ...... bO 0- ... I :~ ~ c::> .S l~ e ~ -< u (" ...... S "'0 'C. .Q ...... s:l ... ' . J co ..,...... os I~ e I:l .~ 1 ...c::> ...... s;;!;).{Oldwg 0 £ s;);),{o[dwg J~ ..... ilos ~ ...... t::L •!:l ... C> e- t; 0 ...'" ... t~ ... I _, '" N -5u s l~ '" ..u os 0 .. u Q I ! .( ...... "U'" ;- .e; ...... , 11> .., t:i C> ...... t; ...... 0.. ~~ e. ... e. .g IBl0,L ,..... d3 )mo,L {~ ...0 ..,. Po I ... Q\ ... t- ..,. ... '"0 ...... 0.. ~ ... 6 l~ e. - e 0 l l I:l s:: 0 I:>oi I:l :~ ..c.. ..::s ...c 0 .,....on ...... p." ...... ,Q C> ...... ,. I ~ 0; 1 1 1 1<.> .... u u ~ osu S os £:-0 ~. :c; ~ ~ ~ £:-0 .~ .: .ti .: f ..cos .. ~ ~ ::s .. .!i .. ·3 p:: ;::> Q ~ ;::> 39" LUSHAI HILLS TABLE B-IlI-EMPLOYERS ; EMPLOYEES AND INDEPENDANT WORKERS DISPLACED PERSONS All Industries and I)ervices Division-O . Primary Industries not ------~~------~ elsewhere specified 3 ~ r-----.A.. P M F M F M F M F M F M \ F (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) '7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) District Total 8 8 ..' 1 7 7. 7 Rural Tract--l0 8 8 1 7 ... 7 Urban Tract-r(lNil) •. 0'3 Plantation Industries Divisioo-8 8'Z Educational services and Education and Public Research ...... Administration ~ ...... ....: II II ~~ u u fl~ >. >. .... 0 0 oS e-!:l -; p. 0. ... "Of;: .: .. e e ~ '"1 ~ r"I l 1';1 r--'------I ~ r--~ ,..------A...--...... ~ r--A----.. M F M F M F M F M F M F (IS) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) I DiJtrict Total 7 'f 1 1 .. 1 1 llural Tract-II) 1 1 1 a- 1 ... • - • - l1r~ Tract-' (Nn). W. C-I HOUSEHOIm (SiZ£tAND, COMPOSITION) SAMPLE HOUSE HOLD ::>ize of Household ,------.~------ Total Total household population SamJle house- Small MediulIl Large .A_ number r- ~ hoI population 3 members 4-6 7-9 of or less members members House- 8-0 hold Person Male Female ..,_gro- 0) cu r----J. ~ r--"---. ,..---""'"--_ ..<::'"... ::l 'S~ ... -0)os- 0) 0) ~ t -;a. .0 ..0 oP- a 0) IS § g ~ s .. 8 E-t ..0) ::l '" ~ 5 t ~ ~ "'" i P-< Z P-< i P-< (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) / ll)-Lungleh-Aijal :n,699 1,119,2.52. 92.,~69 96,8&3 48 2401 12.'1 1140 2() 409 IS 92. S 400 (Rural Tract) 4-Urban Tract [Nil] off CotnPll~itipn. Household ---... (Very large Head of Infants age Infants non-aduls Civil condition <- 10 members household "0- o less than and adults -"--- and their , ro.., 'S- one year (Sample household) or above OJ ~"O ,.Q"O i'l-o wives ..::l >- • ...,- 0 0 '-'0 ... ~ ""-----"\ ,J:l 0..<:: ";l] f""'-~ , Unmarried Married Divorced ... cu ~ OJ 5 60 43 35 51 39 27 40 3 4 66 51 58 59 is 57 48 53 6 4. :<1 •• r. ~. J •• .. ~.. Dl'STRd£T~.LUSHAI.:HIlJLSI CoD-Livelihood Classes by Age groups Agricultural classes I II III IV Cultivators Non-cultivatilJi Sample P9Puiatlon Cultivatd):"S'o£llaM. ofland Culti\ (1) (2) C3} ,(4) \ (5) (6) ('Q (8) (9) (10) Cll) (12) o 330 199 131 179 99 3 '1-4 2;540 1,212 h55 1,]50 12 10' 5-14 5,210 2,635 2,575 2;443 2;4I6- 33 27 15-24 3,970 1,291 2,079 1,743 1,918 11 26 25-34. 2,9!5 1,474 1,451 1,346 1,364 11 19- 35-44 1,840 873 967 779 924; 13 IG 45-54 1,352 659 693 611 646 6 11 55-64 750 403 347 374 311 8 5 65-74 354 173 181 159 164 2 5 75-and over 110 56 54 51 52 2 -Age not stat~ •. 120 120 120 Non.Agric!ulturat tlasses Persons (iiicludmg dependants) who derive "their principal means of • livelihood from- Age groups -..-- V VI VII vIIr t Production of- Other services and other than Commerce Transport Miscellaneous cultivatiSn sources ,--..A. r--~ r----..A.-~ M· F M' F M F M F (1) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) o 2 U 2 3 2 11 27 1-4 4 14 18 13 1 ," 78 a5 ··5-14 11 16 35 29 1 2 112 85 15-24 7 10 16 18 8 4 116 103 25-34 9 11 18· 12 5 2 85 43 35-44 12 8 21 5 4 1 43 19 '45-54 8 5 6 5 1 27 26 55-64 2 1 5 8 14 22 1 . 65-74 3 3 5 .. ' 6 6 75-and over 2 2 1 Age ;not stated .. \ ______...... J..o. ______• ______;___~_. , __ ~,._ ___ _.._... UiStnct 'I'Otal ':. 26 ,-:tOO' ·9 483 416 42' C-1I LIVEI.1IHOOD CLASSES BY AGE GROUPS Lushai Hills District Agricultural Classes -.... I II III 'Number and name ,Age group Sample Population Cultivators ofland Cultivators of Cultivating of Censu, tract wholly or mainly land wholly or labourers a.d owned and their Clainly un- their depeQ- dependants, owned and dants their dependants .----""-- ,..... Persons M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (61 'J (7) (8) (9) (10) District Total 19,501 9,631 9,870 8,840 9,164 1 Rural- 10-Lushai Hills •• 0- 316 193 123 179 96 1-4 2,451 1,221 1,230 1,146 1,145 5-14 5,039 2,540 2,499 2,418 2,404 15-24 3,791 1.792 1,999 1;112 1,893 25-34 2,820 1,419 1,401 1,335' 1,358 35-44 1,777 831 946 773 917 1 45-54 1,319 639 680 606 640 55-64 731 393 338 372 307 65-74 340 165 1'15 15'1 160 75 and over 107 55 52 51 52 Aie not stated 120 120 120 ---- Total 18,81\ 9,2,48 9A63 8,749 9,092 1 -J_--______VrbMl- -- 4-Aij31 town 0- 14 6 8 3 1-4 89 47 4:2 9 5 5-14 171 95 76 25 12 15-24 179 99 80 31 25 25-34 105 55 50 11 ,6 J 35-44 63 42 21 6 7 45-54 33 20 13 5 6 55-04 19 10 9 2 4. 65-74 14 8 6 2 4 75 and C1'I~ 3 1 2 ... Age Jlot stated .. Total 690 383 . 307 91 72 ~4.,.4 r '" .-{ ...,_ ~ I .... Gj~"i'Z • \., ...... - ... :, I .... '" 01 s:l " ;> t ~ ~ ! .g 9] g .... ' .' ... ~ O·;;:·i!l {~ ~i a ';: 8 "0 ~- 01" t~- -q, ~. -01 i~ a vs::0. .. 51 "001 " -C! J bIl" .... bIl s:: 8 ;> :0- '. . :;j 01 _0. 0I {: • 1 g:a.. ~ ...... __...;:: II . §;§ \I) ") ~ \I) §~ I" ~ .... I£: -43 ;;> ·t~~~ f:~ " .' ~.g .g ... :::; r o~ . '« \I) c" ...;. ~ ... .. ct'05 t:il . ... ~- 1ft 1~]f! ..!t"'O~'I'J A. :So.!!E~§~~ :>- I~ u:J 1-1 e'bIl'0 1l .::.s '" [ ~.9 Vl or: d r:·o 5 :j I z.~ ~ If ei~ oS 0. " I l:i t-4 II: i ce ._ .....ff "" .....~ ~cc:s .; :, < a .... .. I ., \I) = IJ " to- ...... 0- eo .... to .... ~ g ~Oi LI1S.l«oM: UI~}qS) C-UI-Age and Civil Condition Sample Population Age ----~~-A------_v___A___v____~~ Total Unmarried. MarIicd. Widow.cd_or Total Total D"TnA_ • N1IIDlbor....,df',';':) ..- _...,r:><; "nf Divqr..c!:Q ~J.usTract ,-----....__---y"'I=~~--v--....--~~~'" .p M Ii' zv.I. Ii' M F M F. M F ~F (1) (2) (3' (4) (5) (6 ) (7) (8) (9) (l(» (11) (12) (13) (14) 9;8ro. (i.,093· 5,535 3;1~- 3'76 1;016 .. "". Rural-lO. . • 18,811 9,248 9,563 5,824 5,350 3,057 3,219 367 994. 193 1%3 1,221 1,230 4--Aijal Town 690 383 307 ~69 185 105 98 9 24 6 8 4.7 42: Age 5-14 ""'ge 15-24 ,.-._ __.,_...__._ • _ ..A.-_ -v- -.., Total Unmarried Married Widowed 0" Total Unmarried Married Widowed or Number-an 2,575 1,891 2,079 1,551 1,177 306 803 34 99 ~~ic!--Total ..-, ~,~35 2,~J5 2,~3.$ ._. RurilblO '.' 2,540 21499 2,~40 2,4.991 .. .'. 1,792 1,999 1,465 1,131 293 7.9 11. -¥jal Town•• 95 76 9JJ. 76 .. 99 80 86 46 13 Age 25-34 Age 35-44 r=~------_-- -~~ ~~~~--~.. ~~~~----.------.~------'Tbtltl'l Unmarii'el:l AJaffiea~ 'Wid&welr~r TbtU" Unmafrietl Married Wido\Ved; Divo.rced • Difo,teed' ~~-:-~-v'--~~~~ * P'l M P. M ~ M p. M P' M p. M F M F ~ (BiV (Yifl (3~f (34~' (39)' {36~1 (37P (38)" (3~}, !40), (41} (42j' (43) (44) «45) (46) :Rural.:....l •• · • .: 1,419 1,461 314 l~i 1,016 1,078 89 179 Sil 946 53 49 719 704 11. Ajjpl To~ • ,. 5§. 59. 21. II, ~ 3oli. 4 4~. 2.1 • 6 1 34 13 7. 4.6 LUSHAI HILLS--concld. C-W-Age and Civil Condition Age 45-54 Age 55-64 r-Total Unmarried Married Widowed or Total Unmarried Married Widewed or Number and name of Divorced DivOI"ced Census Tract ~~-"-----v--.A-v--~~ M f M FM F M F M F M F M F M F (47) (48) (49) (50) (51) (52) (53) (54) (55) (56) (57) (58) (59) (60) (61) (62) (1) District-T~tal 659 693 27 28 571 451 61 214 403 347 10 12 325 162 68 173 Rural-l0 639 680 23 28 558 443 58 209 393 '338 9 11 320 157 64 170 4 •. 13 8 3 10 9 1 1 5 5 -4, Aijal Town 20 13 Age 65-74 I , Total Unmarried Married Widowed or Number and name of C~sus Tract Divorced r---A--....---y----A- v "'--_." "- M, F M F M F ~ F (65) (1) (63) (64) (66) (67) (68) (69) ('~O) 173 Ial 7 5 130 60 36 District-Total 116 ·165 175 4 5 125 -57 36 RUral-It. 113 8 , 5 S 4. Aijal- Town • Age 75 and over Age not stated Total Unmarried Married Widowed or Total U~ Married Divorced or Divorced Widowed Number and name of ~~---J.- >-~ Census T.ract -M F M F M F M J! M F M F M F M F (73) (74) (75) (76) (77) (7PJ (79) (80) (81) (a2) (83) (34) (as) (a,) (1) (7~) (72) 2 1 27 II 27 42 j to, 120.. 120 .. Distnct-Total 56 54 2 I 26 II 46 120 12. Rural-IO. ., 55 S2 ~7 'I '2 .1.' > • i I ! 4. Aijal TOWIl J '2 .. .. •• ~1 L USHAI HILLS C-lll-Age and civil £ondition of the Divorced Sa~ple population --;---"\ _Name apq NU!llbe~ of Total Age 15-24 Age 25·34 Age 35.44 Age 45·54 Age 55·64 Ale (JS·74 Census Tract ..-J'----. ,---'------~ ~"::'\ ,----'---..... ,----Person---"------M_ F. 'M: F. M. F. M:' F. M. F. "M. F." '-~M. . -(1) (!!) (3) (4) (5\ (6) (1) (8) (9) (10) ell) (12 (13) (14) (15, {16) ----- Grand Total 50S 166 339 28 79 57 1~~ 24. 6b 17 47 9 14 31 , Rurl\J-W 494 164 330 28 79 57 121 23 64 16 45 9 13 :n a ~WTOWD-4 11 2 9 ~ 1 2 l 2 1 1 C-W-Age Displaced persons Age 0 Age l·U Number'an91 Narn,c;.of ,..---- ~------..... r---'-'-..... ,.----A--. Census TT~~' Total Unmarried Matried Widowed or Tptfll Tplal ,....-_---..:A. ____---, Divorced ~ ,....-~ , .. -..A.._.-. ,-=.A._..... ,....-.A.-., Persons Malea Famalea' M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. J(l) (2) '(3) (4) (5) (b) (1) 't8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) ~--~--r District Total .. 775 410 ~ 365 235 171 168 177 7 17 4 -----.....---7 33 34 Rural-lO 775 410 -365 . 235 171 168 177 7 17 • -4 'I:. 3i 3* Urban Tract-4 Nil Nil Nil Nii Nil Nil Nil Nil •• Nil . Nil Nil Nil :(jiJ., ~ge 5·14 A~e 15·24 Nl\l.1\e ~d Number of ~ ,....-- .~ Total l}nmarried Unmarried Married Widowed or CeoIUa, Tract Matried W~<1QWlXl or TgtaJ l v, DivorceR rJivorced ,--.A-.--. ,--.A-.-..... r--.A.....-., ~ ~ ,--~ ...---"--- ,...---A---., ¥. :t;. M. ~. ~. P. ~~ f· ¥. F. M. F. M· F. r)'M. F. (1) (15) (16) (1 i) (18) (19) (20) '(21{ (22); -{23) it") (2.S) ~6-{ (27 1 (18) (2') (30) --_--_. __ . _------Distrjct T Qtal ~44 ~11 144 ~10 -I 73 81 1," 20 29 60 ! R';ral-10 144 III 144 110 1 73 81 44 20 %9 611 '1 Urban Tract-4 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil lii! 48 CIII-Age and civil condition-contd. Age 25-34 Age 35-H Name aad Number of r------.A-__ -.. r-- ~ Census Tract Total' Unmarried Married Widowed or Total Unmarried Married Widowed or Divorced l:ivorced ,..---A.--.. ,...---"--.. ,--A--... ,---..A..___-.. ,--.A._-.. r---"---.. ,--.A-..-.. ,...-_-"----. M. . F. M. F. M. F . M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) (31) (32) (33) (34i (35) (36) (37: (38) (39) (40) (41) (42) (43) (44) (45) (46) Distdc~ ::r otal 67 59 9 57 59 1 .. 31 38 29 32 1 6 Ilut;al-l' 67 59 9 57 59 1 31 38 1 29 32 1 , Urh.n Tract---4. ~il Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Age 45-54 Age 55-64 , ______.A.-_- ______, _--A-----______----. Nallle and Number of C~sus Tract Total U omarried Married Widowed or Total Unmarried Married Widowed or • * Divorced Divorred •.-----A---.. ,----"---.. ,--.....____, ,...-----'--.. ,...-_.A.----, r----A-, ,---"--, ,...--_.A.-_-.. M. F M. F. ~. F. ¥. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. '1) (47) (48) (49) (50) (51) (52) (Sa) (54) (55) (56) (57) (58) (59 (60) (61) (62) --_------~ District T ota! 36 23 34 21 2 2 13 8 12 2 1 ---b Jtural-10 36 23 340 21 2 '"2 13 • 12 2 1 , Urba. Tract-4.' Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil ·Nil Nil Nil Age 65-74 r-- :.....A..,---,,---- Name and Number of Total Unmarried Married , W'ido~ed or Census Tract Divorced r--"""_-~ ,..---A--, ~..A...__-...._ r---.A.---. M. :F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) (63) (64) (65) (66) (67) (68) (69) (70' ---_-- Dis trict Totkl •. -______.:------,4 ------.3------,..--_ 1 1 Rural-II 4 3. 1 1 Urban Tract-40 Nil Nil Nil Nil ,Nil Ni! Nil Nil Age 75 and OVer Age not stated .A.--____-----. _ ___..A.._ Name and number of Census Tract Total 'Unmarried Married Widowed or Total Unmarried Married Widowed or Divorced Divorced ~-. ,...--.A.----, ,--"------, r---"------, ~ ,----A----,..--'--, ..----"--, M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (lJ (71) (72) (73) (74) (75) (76' (77) (78) (7~) (80) (81) (82) (83) (84) \85) (86) I ' , DistrIct Total ---5 3 4 1 1 2 Rural-II 5 3 4 1 2 Urban Tract-4- N.I Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil., , ' • Incll)de one divorced female. 49 LUSHAI HILLS C-IV-Age and Literacy Total population Sample population _------"------~ -"Number and Name of Tract Total Literates Illiterates" Total Literate Illiterate r------J------.,-----'-----y---.A..---...---.A.--._,.--A----v--"'--"""' a• ~ ~:J ~ l ~ M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. '(I) (2) (3) (4) (5) ~6) (7) (8) (9)" - . (10)' (11) (m (13) (14) •. '1,96,202 96,136 1,00,066 44,375. 16,7111' 51,761 83,348 9,631 9,870 4,392 2,381 5,239 7,489 Grand Total -__,.--- I.ural-l0 .. 1,89,252 92,369 96,883 41,814 15,210 50,555 81,673 9,248 9,563 4,213 2,239 5,035 7,324 ----<-.: Aija,l Town-4 6,950 3,767 3,183 2,561 1,508 1,206 1,675 383 300 179 142 204 165 Sample population ,-- _,.___ -.. Age 0-4 Age 5-' Age 10-14. ,----A._ -"------r- Number and Name ot Tract Total Total Literate Illiterate Total Literate Illiterate------r--~..._-v---.A.---,,--.A..--y- ----"----v-----"--~ "'----,,---"""""__-.. M. F. y, F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) (15) (16) (17} (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) -pran!;! Total 1,467 1,403 1,399 1,380 5011 86 899 1,294 1,236 1,195 665 '1,144 571 51 Rural-l0 1,414 1,353 1,349 1,332 483 71 866 1,261 1,191 1,167 627 1,120 564. 47 .f>.ijal Town-4. 53 50 50 48 17 15 33 33 45 28 38 24 7 4 Sample population Age 15-24 Age 25-34 ,------__.A.. ______-v-- _____,A.______-, Number and Name of Tract Total Literate Illiterate Total Literate 'Illiterate r---.A..---v---.A..--v---"A.._--v---.A._...L.-v--"'___-v---~ M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. i (I) (29) (30) (31) (3Z) (33) (34) (35) C36}' (37) (38) (39) (40) -Craud Total .... 1,891 2,079 1,266 645 625 1,43.4 1,474 1,451 923 314 551 1,137 ------_ -or-- Rural-l0 -. , 1,792 1,999 1,215 585 577 1,414 1,419 1,401 888 283 531 1,118, _.------Aijal Town-4.· 99 SO '51 60 48 20 55 50 35 31' • 20 1'- 50 C-IV-Age an4 J4uta.:9Y, "'l\Wai Hills-contd. r-- Sample~ J.-.__ population______... Age 35-44 Age 45-54 r----- .----r------...... ------... Number-and Name of'Iract Total Literate Illiterate 'lotal Literate Illiterate- M. F. M. F. M. F... M. F. M. F. M. F. (l) (41) (4~) (~3) (44) (45\ (46) (47) (48) (49) (5Q) (51) _ (52) Grand Total ;.!. . .. 113 967 497 120 376 847, 659 693 307 56 352 637 ----- Rural-lO 831 !l46 479 III 352 835 b39 680 296 53 343 627 Aijal Town-' 42 21 18 9 24 12 20 13 II 1~ 3 -----9 ______Sample population..A.______,. Age 55-64 Age 65-74 r------~-.A-----____.,r_-----...... ------_,. Tot'll Literate Illtierate Total Literate Illi terate r--_.__-y-~.A---v--:.---~--A-_,r;--.A.-_y_--...... --, M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (I) (S7) (~8J (59) (60) (61) (62) (63) (64) \ ~p4 333 173 181 72 2 101 179 . f.. Rural-It 393 338 131 14 262 324 ·165 lq5 71· 2 94 173 Aijal Thwn-. 10 9 8 2 9 8 . 6 7 Sample population '---' ...... _ \ Age 75 and over Age not s:aled r------.-.A------v------"------_, Number fl.Il M. _.if· M· f . M. F. M. F. M. F. ),1. F. (I) .'m (.Ii?) '0.7-), ~8) (69) (70) (71) (7t~ (73) (74) (75) (76) 56 "·0 ~4 23 33 54 120 ~~ 55 $2 23 32 52 . 120 ~.t M'~_· -.- 0t- .. 1 2 , .. ;: 1 2 ... ~1 ( I I I ... , I '" ~\ ~~ ~I I I I lf I <:> "" J1 ~ ~I ~~ 1 z; l ..... ~ ... ( ~ I 1 == ~i - ... 1 C\ .., 1:~ I :: ~ CD .. 1 E 01 ~ ~ 53 ...... <::> ....." ...... ! ...... ...... '" .. ...... .... ~ ...... ...... ee ~ U') .... • ..... U') ...... .....o til ...... eo o o .... ... co ...... 0, eo ...... , '" .... co f 1 .. .. ~ ...co ...... o ...... os:: • .... Co 0\ ::> "0 0\ 0\ 0\ Q tJ U .... l:lIl'" v <.5...... -...... W) ...... co "" '" ...... '" ... -, ..--. Q 0\ co Q co ... IN ...... '" ...... '" '" ...... ( _, ...... • ...... ~ ,~- .... et:I "11) "'t- '~ co 0: IN '<1' co C'I":I ~ C'I":I 1"""4 ..... -::= ...... IN <0 .... { .Q Q 0: 0\ .... • ;:; ...... '<1' III .... "" Q 0- i...,. "" .... t 11) ... ..--. '"...... k e. ....'" UI f .... a at) cwo ~- .... l-o- Q co <0 ...... ~1 ....'<1' .....co co ...... "" ...... W) .... 11) 0:- ...... (J11 I"U' ("" ,... f, .. '" = ..... c-. C'I1 ;'I .... 0\ Q ...... 1"""4 J""Of C't C"'I 4NI " ~ ... IN ...... l '" '" ... 55 [ [ N ~ f= at) It- ...... ; .... '" t- ::: ..; e'" - I '" '" I !I'Bllu::lg I I ~ t- It- !q~'BW 0 I ~ -0 G' .... -0 I~ .... t- I ~ N .... ~ .e e. I I ILl') ~ ...... 11) .... 0 0 ,..; I/) ..; .,. e. '" l~ e "" ::IM'Bd (~!.A) ...... ~U'Bm 0' ...... 11) ·1 :;; ~ ~ '"LI') .e e."" : ILl') i '" '" ..-... ",- .... '0:' ...... ~ ~ ~!~ ..; ...... ; '" .... ~ e.'" '" "" '" "" H'Bd:lN I ::Itr.!w-essV ",10 ~ ..-...... ~ eo .... ~eo ~I~ ~ ~ '" ... ~ ~ "" ft 'i e. eo I""n "" Il r ..-... ,,-,.t- .... "" 1I)1~ ~ eo e. ..0'" ~ "" I..; ....ft I"" I !I'B~U'BS ~, tf) :ll!'Bd 0 .... -0 ~ ...... '" ~! eo'" ....l 0 ""t-;, ~ ...... (I> t-;. .... "" ....l ::r e. .... 5 I rl ~~ nj~ ::r: ~ bO -0 ,,-,. - 0 \0 0 U') ~ ...... s ..-... 0 ~ ~ <: ~ ~ ",ft ~..s : I~ I So e. ",ft '" '" 1-+ '" ...:I ::r: 0 a .J::Il(q'e'] rn A...... :I ~U'Bd 1 ~ 0 .... ~ ~ lI) lI) ..-... '" ~ co ....l ~ , ""0 0 ~ ~ e ",ft .... ~ l ~ ~ ...... \0 .... ~ 1-+ t:. ~. ~ \0 0 ~ '" ~ '" '" ...... -I "l. '"""ft ....'" '" ~ C) !Od "" f-I co .... lI) n~'BW at) en at) 0 ~ ..... §: "" .... lI) ~ lJ)"" Lt')'" Q. ~ .,;"" ",ft ... ~: ..-... r ~ ;:..; "" '" ...... " e '"""ft ""ft"" I;:"; """ lI) ~ 'e1ID['BqO (~P13d)!Pd ~ 0 ...... 0 '" It) '"0 0 0- \Oft ~ ...... \Oft "" "" l~ ~ '""" eo'" <0 -0 ,... "" "" ~ ...... '" '" .... \0 \0 e: "".; '"~ I rr: ._.'" ...... f~ t- ~ft I !-eqm'I .... co ...... '" ,8U'eI~~.I. .... \0 co'" c;o ...... '" ""ft ..oft ...... e ' ...... I ,.... CI\ ~ ... . ::!. . f . ~I~ f I~ ~"" !qv[und I~ f t{i!P:JAlg. I .¢ ...... ~ ~ :i .:!. 1 . ~ 1~ .~ l~ I ...... t- on I." ...... , ~ :!. f~ .~"" 'elOll'I If>lt:l.I.!l '10 ~ ::!. ~ ~ • C'I ... I... ! ~ ~~ i~l in ~ I ~ ... '--' ""'" !,md!U'eW J~ ~ !.rey:>'e)l ...... 1~ ~ ...... _,~ ~ 0 .... 1 .... "" I~ ~ , l -...... "" ~ CI\ ~:I .:!. I:'" r~ e !llIq)l H'IlIlfnn { ~ . ;. ~ ...... co .....,... '";:l! II ...... 1;3 t-I~ ~ e ~ ~~ ~ ::I I ...:l bO° '" ...... lI) .....:.: ...... III> ...... t- ~ 'rUln[~~:) ~ '~ '!f.. :I t>D !l ~~Un;)~ nE'e.!. l::l 0 I ,....., ....._ 0 ~ .... E-I-t ..._,... : i . ;:g e .... 1 t 1 rI~ 11 --. \ CI\ ...... at :* e ~ e ~ U!qQ {~ rCO' co ,to .lOON ~ ...... i e ...... :i e ttl l~ ~ ...... r . t::- ...IN "le ..., ...... I~ .._,... ~ ~ ,!pu!H j ...... ~ ..... <>1'vn ...... C"I ,:i t- ;! 0'0, .,.. e e ~ ~I i~ I I ...... IN -... . I I .".., CI\ ...... ~ .._ "" J~ e t{!f![gua as:lup:U~ ,jO ,.~ ~ .... u> ...... ~1~ e ..... - l~ e0 .... l 0 'S (J e n-l-(ii) 13iIiiigliID!gih 'Tot~l persons (i) Subsidiary Lan:uages ret~nc:d ~ -.J spii'akIng • liIumber and Tqtal a 1,l\D8U~~ , CI subsidiar tb ,~ '!Rme bT ~other 'i:d. 5~'eakers ; ;) .... Tract that shown t '"; . .... !l) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) \f.P,) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14.) (15) " Rural-l0 Lushai .. 153,.721 13 6 4 3 Chakma 11,43'5 60 3 ;;57, .. Poi 8,~ 367 23 ,. ~44 Lakher 6, '4'7 121 :fm 5 Paite 3,344 49 4? Nepali 2,670 77 17 4 5 51 Pawi " I,SIt8 J. ,. '.'" Bengali .• .. 362 59 2 53 4. Tlautlang 1}32 2 ·2 padhi 299 Matu 187 Pang 183 16 16 Santali '123 U. ~2 ' ...... " Assamese I't 1 30 2 3 1 Riling ~~ .. .. n , ... .'. Maghi .. '37 6 '3 3 .... C4in 21 .. ) Hibtli 19 ' .. .> Telenga .. 15 Enltlish •• 10 7 '1 ' .. '" ,J. Khasi ..' 7 Manipuri 3 Garo 2- ... A i 'j a 1 Lu~hai 5;576 128 128 Town-4. Nepali 798 404 237 3 163 1 Beligali 242 85 51 " 30 2 2 0). Pui 108 2 2 Sal1tali 56 30 28 2 ," .'. Assamese .• 33 24 19 • 0' S English 28 24. 19 5 paite 24 8 8 ,,,. Hindi 18 7 2 4 1 Khasi 11 3 1 2 Manipuri 10 9 4, 5 .'~ Lohta 9 7 '1 Matu 8 1 .. 1 ," Punjabi 7 '1 .. ' 7 .Chinese 6 2. .2 . Garo 5 4 4 Lakher 3 1 1 Maghi 2 1 ] Mikir 1 1 "i Tatnil 1 1 } II ... Gqjarati .. 1 1 1 Kachari '•. 1 1 • 1 ' .. French 1 ,SWedish" •• 1 I- ...... 1 58 D-I-(ii)-.subsidiary Langpages (i) Subsidiary Languages Total persons . .-- ~ returned as Total Speaking a iJWmberand 0 Name of Mother Tongue Speakers language .~ ... !:l .~ I:l .~ .~ .g DistrIct subsidiary to ::l OJ 8 -; :a .;i ..l'l to that shown ~ gp 0.. ..<:: '5' .S j 0) 1 in column II ::r: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Z :.:: 0 £ (1) (2) (3) (4) (5, (6) (7) {8) (9) (10' (11) ( 12) (13) (14) (IS)' , I..usbai Hills Lusha i 159,297 141 134 4 3 Chakma •• 11,435 60 3 57 { Poi '8,548 369 2' 23 344 ..I ( f ~ • Lakher 6,350 122 117 5 Paite 3,368 57 57 Nepali 3,468 481 254 4 8 214 1 Pawi 1,548 Bengali 604 144 53 83 6 2' Tlantlang 332 2 2 Pdi 299 Matu 195 1 1 .. ~'" .. , $ Pang .183 16 16 Santa Ii ).79 42 28 14. Assamese 129 61 20 30 .. 7 3 1 Riang 51 Maghi 39 'I 4 3 12 English '" 38 31 19 Hindi 37 7 2 4 1 Chin 21 Telenga 15 Khasi 18 3 1 2 Manipuri 13 9 4 5 Lohta 9 '7 7 Punjabi 7 'I 7 Chinese 6 2 2 .. Garo 'I 4 4 Mim- I 1 1 Tamil 1 1 1 Guzrati 1 1 1 ... Kachari 1 1 1 ;... French " •• 1 •• . Swedish '" 1 00 .. .. 1 59 _....., (~ ... I~ J. r:lt'nu~d: e I ~I~ '~I § 1 1IO{1'J'i ;f;" { :.:: I Z e pt I ' f I I ... i 1 ;., :J Ji/-I S:II "!!W:ld: c:4' .... 11 ~ e ./ , 0 1,::: 1 I IE- t:- ~ S;)I"!!W:ld: -;0 .... r e. '" I: a-< I"" ~I -0 I", ~ .... '" <:> ::s 1 S:lI"!!J'i "" I ...... ::a ~'" '- ( 19 1 fI':J S;;)I"!!W;)d: ~ I ,~ -< ~ ~ ...... :I ~I ..... 1-1 81 M tIl S:;>I"!!J'i .::::. I \!)'" ....J r:I ~l _....., "" "" 'Q !l v, ... r S;)IEW;)d: ;:! 1 btl ~ j ~ ~ iH <:> fI':J ...... "01 ..,. "" ""I ~ GI ~ '" "'I ]1 S:lI"!!N '-:I' 1:·1 \ :;;1. =: pq L e. ~ I ... ( _....., <:> .... I S:lIEW;).'{ I ~ I :I a~ "'~ ...... ~ ,~ 1 ,...... ~ ~I S:lI"!!N e- I :I .~rn L .... I ...... ~ I .Q r 1;lIEW;l.!l '::.. .]{ ...... I ~I ~ V11 S;lI"!!W 0 co <:> L "".... u: f '" _....., ""~ ItIN SJI"!!W:l.!l ~ ..,. .g~ ...... -0 ,5 I co <:>. co"" ~ ",," .... «C" ::tl S:lI"!!W !::.. -0 L co co co"" ...."" l:g ~ ( I' , ~ S:lI"!!will ~ 05' .,.,' .~ I '" r:- I ~'I '-:I .., ~ '" r:- I'" ].~ S:lI"!!N e """,," .,.," Q. I~ ... 0 '", SUOSl:l([ € '"eN ",' '" 3l~ ....co ..,' J! I? I ,0., i Z ...... ~ ... "8tj ~ .. f! ''0 <:> E-< 1)8 } ... ~ ..e .1 ~ tj ..... ~ ~ !~ ~~ & -< ~ 60 DISTRICT-4. LUSHAI HILLS D-In__:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Scheduled Castes -, ______ScheduledJ .. Tribes ----"--- Number and name of Tract Persons Males Females persons Males Females (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) . (7) Rural-IO 141 141 182,878 89,140 93,731 Aijal Town-4 31 31 5,362 • 2,719 2,643 District-Total 172 172 188,246 91,859 96,381 D-UI-Backward and NOll-Backward .. _ Backward--"-__ -- ___" ___,_____ Non-Backwards..A. ______""'- Persons Males Females petsors Males Females Number and name of Tract' (lj (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Rural-l0 18 18 6,211 3,087 3,124 Aijal Town-4 .. 1,550 1,0ll 539 District Total 18 18 7,761 4,098 3,p63 D-UI - Details of Anglo-Indians ___Anglo-Indian--A-- ______~ r-- Persons Maleo; Females (1) (2) (3) (4) Rural-lO 1 3' Aijal Town-4 1 District Total ------11 7 61 ...... I ...= : / f ...... ~ I : 1 i I~ f~ ;!...... I I I a- ... liE f! .... i~ I . '0 .... I~ I: ...... I 1 .~ i~ I.... ::!...... I I e c3 I . co llloo ... I ~, l-;i ...... ~ , Illloo . ...,a- ...... i l~ ~ I r:;-. I ...... f . co ~ .!!, Co "" I~ I .... e I~ , ~ f~ ...... i ...... I l~ ...... lI) Co"" 1- l:.a J~ ..,r- I~ 1.-'; ...... IZ v> I~ I~ I ...... -- ... I l...:l G' l~ - ~ I ., lllooI~ e. t- It- I \ I I ...... \ ~ ... co 1- I...... I 1 .... g r lI) . 1I~.!!r~ 1!:;:: I / - o , e I ...... ! r ~ ...... ~::c . a- ~t I . ~ I :::::."" t- 10 .... - I"" j ~-~i ~ ~ 1::::'ll.~5 ...... "'~ I CN ~/ a- I_ i I~~ rp.; t- I~ I ...... , Co .... I a- I ...., ./ .... HI .... I I I ~ l~ e I I ]1 r ...... I I t- -.. - lI) .... ! ... 1 11 f ...... ,~I ....'" I'" I I ! e I~ I tf) s- a- ~-<"5 ~ a- ..,., o bIJ '\ ~ I EJ ~ ~ ....:I J: ..0 '" . e ~ .... 18 ., J~ I ....:I ....., ..a I~ I . ~ ...... I I .~ \ lP. e .... t- r lllii:i 0 ~ "" I ~ j ;: .., - l~ ~ ....,1 iSl .... ~ .... l ., ~ co <.> < ...... ""a- " I ., 0 i ...... :I ...t ..,., bIl ....<:> I",I .... I~ ...... = I ~ ""<:'I a- ~ I I ::t: r~ "" ~ !2 ~~ t:: co~ ...~ ...... t-t co I~I ,Z lp; .... I;:: 0 Iiil:>- I~ "" .... t- ~ I~ = <:> 1 t- I I ;:l ...... t-t 1 "" ..,.,~ I tf) l...:l '"""~ "" . ~ ~ t- ,r~ ;::!."" l~ ....~ _I :::J A i ...... ,., - ...., .... I~I i ...... '1I ('e t- ... "" I,~ ., ;> I ~ I :a I~ ...... ~ / ....~ 0 I B I"m e ""~ I " ... ;::!. t- ...... e -.o~ I"Ill) I It ""A ~~ I e J~ ...... I l~ t-A CO~ 1 ...... 1- I I~ l~ ...... - ...... I I~ I I l , I ...... N ..... = ~ ...... ~ ~ I ~.... ~ 1.1 ..., ....IN \~ ..., ...... \~ I ... ) Ie:> .,., .... \~ 1 ...... ,co IN I~ .... ) ...... I:.: ...Lt) II~ .... I I co I 1 co J I ~ I ... Lt) ,.,'" hi II I .... .,., ~ 1 ...... I...... ~ ~ .... o<>J' • ...... I.§ 1 ~ - I~ I . e:>...... , ltl~ ...... ...... 1 < 1 ..... Q District-4, Lushai Hills'. Asiatic Countries-Outside India. States where born r------~ Total Pakistan Nepal Burma Tibet District of Enumeration, ,-..--.A.....--..-v--~------"---.r----"-----v----"--~ "lo. and name of <1)'" Tract § '"<1) 'iii ... 'iii e '"<1) <1) p., ::s ... ,P. M. F. p. M. F. ,Po M. F. P. M. F. (1) ,(2) (~ (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) lO-Rural Tract 9,226 3,926, 5,300 6,396 2,565 3,831 1,287 1,244 43 1,543 117 1,426 t 4-Aijal Town 560 422 138 116 72 44 346 257 89 94 91 3 4 2 Z ------_-- District Total B 9,786' 4,353 5,438 6,512 2,637 3,875· '1,,633 1,501 ,132 1,637 208 1,429 4 2 2 ~~--l-______"----'-"- EUropean Countries ,-______State .A..where ______bC)rn ...... Total British Isles r------A------...,------"------~ persons Males Females Persons Males Females (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1.0:._!tural Tract 6' 1 5 6 1 5 4-Aijal Town 14 7 14 7 7 ------'7 District Total C 20 8 12 20 8 12 --..--~__.._ ------ .AJnerican Countries States where born r;-----~~ Total U. S. A. r- ---V__:..---~-__,. , Persons Males FcShales Pefsons Males Females (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) IO-Rural Tract 1 I 1 1 4-Aijal Town- S '3 2 1> 3 % District Total E 6 3 3 '6 3 3 64 TABLE D-IV District-4, Lushai Hills. Subllidiary 'I able: Total Manipur State Tripura State West Bengal Bihar "- --tt -" ~--"--~-V-.....-.A.-.-~, Livelihood ,---" " Classes '" District §'" ~ "";s'" ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I'< p. M. F. p. M. F. p. M. F. p. M. F. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 19) (10) (ll) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17)' Lushai Hills I 171 73 98 132 49 83 27 15 12 11 8 3 II .. III .. ), IV V 2 2 2 2 VI 6 .2 4 J 3 VII 39 39 39 39 , • VIII 331 316 15 5 5 107 .102 5 43 41 2 144 144 ------~--- Total 549 430 119 U7 49 88 134 117 17 59, 49 10 183 183 ------~------ Orissa Uttar Pradesh Madhya Bharat Punjab Bombay Madras r----.J..--~,--.A.--...,.--.A.--::-r_---"-.- ----r---..A----..r-__.A-- -~. P. M. F. p. M. F. p. M. F. p. M. F. P. M. F. P. M. F. (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) (31) (32) (sa) (34) (35) I .. .' . 1 1 II III IV V VI VII ... VIII 5 5 16 16 ., 9 6 3 1 1 1 1 ------~--.-..------.....------Total - 5 5 19 18 1 1 1 9 6 3 1 1 1 1 .. 65 ...... ( I I S' I ~""" ~ .... .1 I~ ... I", I I I~ .::::, I . I ...... 8t61 .I~qm~Y.lQ I ...... I''''' I 1 0561 .I~qm~AoN 1 ~ I ~. co ~ ~ .... co ... ~ IN · I...co I e '" ·1 '" ~ I~ . I 8"61 AJ1!nlq;).!I ...... J! t'- M Q .", I", I C'I ... ~ 8- 6t61 .I~qm~:l~Q ! ~ e .S •'" ...... I'" ...... ~ .... ~ ...... ~'" I~ e -...;;. 8t6I A.I1!I'!.U1!f I ~ I I' 100 ...... I 100 ;;;- 6t61 I!Jdy , ~ ...... """ e c...= t~ ~ ·1 ....""" :-' 0 I ...... IN S' ~ ."...... I~ C- ·0..... /"" \~ e """ !:II £t6I.l;jqm;):l:>Q 6t6 I t{:l.I1!W ~ ...... ~l I~ ...... ! .... / .., tI.l ,,1:1 ~ 8-'" ...."'" .... ~'" ~ -= , """ ~ ...... • ~ r:I ..... '0 i co ...... , ... ~ "" ~ '" II:- OIl , I~ '" '" "'"I ...100 £t61 J;)qopO ...... """.... 6t61 Aunlqll.i[ t'- <: ..... '() I ~ .... 0 ~ ~ e :r: c... "" I "" ·'" .... tI.l 0 '" ~I ,...... , ::> .... 0 .... G' ~ u .... ~ co ...... 8- co ~ e '" ...'" I 100 '" £t6I t{:>l'BW I ~ 6t61 Al'BnlI1!f "" 'o:fI .... III ...... '0 ... e co ""co ~ .!:!.'" 0 CI L I '" ·."" I""'" ...... ,.Q co co ..... 0 ~ ...... t- eo •r:I Lt6I Alvnlq;).!I 0 III ...... Q>' • co Ii '0. 100 ~ 3 "" 0 ct ...... = E-o... "C e : I :@> .~' CII Lt6! 0 ...... U "nm~f I~ ...... 0 ~ = ll"> ~ ... i!- "a. ' 'I~ ...... "" u ...III .;:: good CI ...... I I ~ bD~rn ~ is t;01 "o.u .. 'M o....<:l "".... : '1,""1 ,J:l ...... J ....c- OE-oO ...... I tI) • • 'll"> CI eo """"" . ~ ...... I ...... '0 I:lo t::..<:l 1J.~ ...... ~OI ·c°.: (II" ., ...... t; ~ 0 t:o ~ iJ E-o is :E.,e..-5 "S OE-oO .~ b ~u ...... •!!l "COl ~ "C A 1'1 .... ~A 010 ...... ,u ...... , 8 «I e. .0" .a"'~ 1 S I 01 OJ. ~z i .... 0 ~~ ;:l .... p::: ..... p::: 66 D·VI- NON-INDIAN NATIONAL~ District-4-Luihai Hills Number and Name of Total Pakistan Nepali Burmese I British Amer'iean Australian Tract r--.A.:...---., r-- -..A.---y---"---,r--.A.__--...--.A.._:.....y-,.---A..---.--~ ., is rl '" .!! '"OJ .!! rl ~ 0 '" ~ '"OJ ~ !3 t IO-Rural 706 389 317 347 200 37 34 4 51 1 31 1 4-Aijal Town 74 59 15 3 4 42 10 9 3 2 1 District Total 7S0 448 332 350 204 37 34 46 51 11 40 3 3 1 D-VII-LIVELIHOOD CLASSES BY, EDUCATIONAL STANDARD DistrictL--4-Lullhai Hills-'-District'1' otaI Educational Standard Agricultural Classes Non-Agricultural Classes r-~------'~------'------~------~------~ I II III IV V VI VII VIII M. F_ M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Literate 37,768 13,449 2 1 531 449 404 244 511 436 87 23 2~1 1538 Matriculate or S. L. C. 15 3 8 3 1 23 6 1 127 23 Higher Secondary. Micidle School 1,313 194 182 34 47 24 17~ 65 8 3 885 195 Intermediate in Arts or 1 14 1 , Science Degrees or, Diplomas, Graduate in Arts or 1 1 14 2 Science. Post Graduate in Arts or 1 Science. Teaching .. 2 Engineering 6 Agriculture Veterinary 1 Commerce .'. 1 Legal ,.' Medical 16 Others 1 Total " 39,096 13,646 2 1 .22 4B3 455 269 709 507 95 27 3,219 1711 FOREl'GN British 5 10 American 1 Other Foreign 1 " Total 7 14 District Total 39,096 13,646 2 1 722 48~ 455 269 709 507 95 27 3,296 1785 ------~------~------~------67 DISTRICT -4t-LUSHAI HILLS D-VU-Livelihood classes by Educational Standards Agricultural classes Non-Agricultural classes Number and Educational o.amc of tract Standard I II III IV V VI VII VIII M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. P. M. F. (1) (2) (3) (4) (~) (6) (7) (8) (9) (1O) (11) (12) (13) (14) (IS) (16) (17) (18) 10-Rural- Literate 37,373 13,224 2 1 522 440 244 127 243 170 41 10 1,241 939 Middle School 1.. 203 170 166 30 15 11 53 11 5 1 581 -5S Matriculate or IS 3 7 2 1 13 66 5 S.L.C. Higher Secondary. Intermediate in ...... 1 2 7 Arts o~ Science. Degrees or Diplo- mas. Graduate in Arts 1 3 I or Science. Post-Graduate in Arts or Science. Teaching . Engineering Agriculture .. .. Veterinary .commerce Legal .. Medical 8 a Others Total .. 38,591 13,403 .. .. 2 1 695 470 262 139 312 181 46 11 1,906 1,001 FOREIGN British S American 1 Continental Japanese Other :Foreign Rural Total .. 38,591 13,403 • _ •• 2 1 695 470 262 139 312 181 46 11 1,90' 1,005 68 D-vn-Livelihood classes By Education Standards-concld. Agricultural classes Non-Agricultural classes Numbct and Educational name of tract Standard I II III IV V VI VII VIII' ---- M. F. M.F. M.F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) (2) (3) (4J (5) (6j (1) (8) (9) (10) hI) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17)1 (18) 4-Aijal Town. Literate 395 225 9 9 • 160 111 268 266 46 13 980 599 Mid(!!e 8'chool 110 18 16 4 32 13' 111 54 3 2 304 14Z Matriculate or ~ . 1 1 10 6 1 61 27 S.·L.C. Higher ..' Secondary, Interrnediate in " .. " ., " .. 2 .. \ .. 1 1 Arts or Science. Degrees or Dip!o- mas. " , Graduate in Arts ., 1 11 1 or Science. . Post-G raduate in .. " . . .. 1 Arts or ScienCf'. Tl!achiog " 2 , Engineering " .. .. \ 6 Agricul ture .. " V.terinary· ...... 1 Commerce " " 1 , .. Legal . .. " " Medical " " " .. " 8 Others .. " " .. '.' .. ", 1 Total 505 243 " ...... 27 13 193 130 397 326 49 16 1,383 710 FOREIGN British 5 7 American 1 3 Continental Japanese Other Foreign 1 Total 505 243 27 13 193 130 397 326 49 16 1,390 780 ------69 :.., I 1 : I ~ '"...... j .... I I "'\~J.... j I '" Wi<:"1 70 0 ...... CCI r ... CCI r r a- I~ o I ~ ~ ~ ~~ °C I "" .. ;j I o I 1 "" : ~ ..,~ npU!H~ ...... I ,,",ppnat e;;- M ... I ~ ..;< ...... ""~'" '"..,~ ~I e ...... 0 ...0 CCI ...... 01 0 0 0 I "" .::!. eo~ I eo~ e ]~ t ",",,,,,J UllIlSJIqD~ ...... ~ t- t- 8~ ...... ~I ~ 0 0\ eN '01' o 0 :!l -= °1 l ::!- ..; I ..,r;~ c3 l ~ I ...... CO CO ( 0 00 .::!."" ... •t- -=0 I "" ~ "" ~s!qppng ... I ~I "" npumi Oii' ." I~ I ~ CCI '"CCI t- .::!. ... CO ~ --- ""t- I I II ~ I~ -;;- ( ...... t r .::!. L"" I "" ~s!qppng~ ~"" I tI) tI) ~ tI) tI) ...... eN ... t- t- ." ... ~ ." eN I ~s!qppna I ~ ' .::!. I~ 1-4 npmH~ "" o I ...:I ...... I ... i p;J I 0- \0 I I ~ e -.... ~ ~ I~ I I !>< t 00 s:Q I e I en I ~ "" p;J ." I ~S!llPpng ...... t- .... ~ l ...... 1-4 I ~ e I ~ .~ I r 0 t- 8 ~ I ;;; ...eo ... I~n e ~~ ~ 1::.Ml- i I "" .... I'" o § UllIlS!JllD I ...... co 0 ." .... c::; I ~ ...t- e ..,~ .9 I~ I t ~ ~ I e I : I I "" ~... I npulHl e t- . l ~ ... I~ ... U 01 ....~ .,0 e01 I:: ...... "tI e- =o! I I. ~ 0 0 ~ .... 3:= ... 0 ;:; ... 0 -; -u Eo< u Eo< "0 OJ '0 f! .. -; f-o -:~ Eo< -; < l -;.. 1 l3 .~ ::l 1 .g ~ J ~ ~ Q ~ ;·71 JD1S'IlUCT"'-LV8aAI..-a.JILS I. DISTRIBUTION OF SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRIAL ESTABLI~HMENTS Total No. of No. 01 No. of Handlooms in Textile No. of Non-Textile Textile Establishment Subdivision Establishment Establishment Establishment r·------"---- Without Flyshuttle, With Flys,huttle- (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Aijal 20,503 20,503 31,741 10 Lungleh 8,398 8,398 14,146 3 Total District 28,901 28,901 45,887 13 TABLEU '~Employ):Dent in Textile Establishment Number of pers~ns employed ..A. __ r- T'" ..... - Total Males Female. Number of Industry group Establish- Total ---v-- "'"'I (Code No. and name) ment Number Total boys men Total Girls Women (I} (2) (3) l4) (5, (6) (7) (8) (9) 2'62-Cotton spinning, 28,901 47,682 47,682 690 t ~,992 sizing and wea- ving, District Total 28,901 47,682 47,682 690 46,992 72 INDEX OF NON-AGRICULTURAL OCCUPATIONS FOR SELF SUPPORTING PERSONS ONLY Lushai Hllls Divisions Subdivisions and Groups Persons Males Females All Industries and Services (excluding non-productive 4,1~5 3,753 392 activity) . Primary Industries not elsewhere specified Division 0 207 185 22 0'1 Stock Raising ),7 11 6 O.ll Herdsmen· and Shephards II 11 0'10 Breeders and Keepers of other animals including trans 6 6 port animals. 0'3 Plantation Industries-Owners, managers and workers in- 176 163 . 13 0'31 Tea Plantation '" 42 42 0'30 All other plantations, but not including the cultivation 134 121 13 of special crops in conjunction with ordinary cultivation of field crops. Forest~y and collection of .products not elsewhere specifi~ 6 3 3 0'40 Planting, replanting and conservation of forests (includ 3 ing forest officers, rangers ar.d guards). 0'43 Wood-cutters 3 3 0'6 Fishing 3 3 3'60 Fishing in Sea and inland waters including the opera 8 8 tion of fish farms and fish hatcheries. ~Division 1 Mining and Quarrying 2 2 1'5 Stone-quarrying, clay and sand pits 2 2 2'1 Grain and pulses 2 2'13 Grain parchers and makers of blended and prepared flour 2 2 and other cereal and puls~ preparations. 2'2 Vegetable oil and dairy Products ... 7 '1 2'23 Milkmen, makers of butter, cheese, ghee and other '1 "7 dairy products., 2'6 Cotton textiles 1 1 2'62 Cotton spinning, sizing and weaving .. , 1 1 2'7 Wearing apparel (except footwear) and made-up textile 55 51 goods. - 2-71 Tailors, milliners, dress makers and darners ... 53 3 2'73- Fur dressersand dyers 1 1 73 Divisions Sub.divisions and Groups Persons Males 2'74 Hat-makers and makers of other articles of wear from 1 1 textiles. 2'8 Textile Industries otherwise unclassified 3 3 2'83 Silk reeling, spinning, wisting and weaving 3 3 Leather, Leather products and footwear 4 4 Cobblers and all other makers and repairers of boots, 4 4 shoes, sandals and dogs. Division 3 Pro-.:essing and Manufacture-Metals, Chemicals and 77 77 Products thereof-- Manufacture of metal products: otherwise unclassified 66 66 3'01 Blacksmiths, horse shoers and other workers in iron 66 66 and makers of implements~- 3'2 Non-ferrous metals. (basic manufacture) 1 1 3'3 Transport equipment 1 1 3'32 Manufacture, assembly and repair of railway equipment, 1 1 motor vehicles and bicycles, (railway fitters are in cluded in this group). Machinery (other than electrical machinery) including 2 2 engineering workshops. Basic Industrial Chemical~, Fertiliser and Po"Ver 6 6 Alcohol. Dyes, explosives and firework- 6 6 Manufacture of chemical products otherwise undaS!li 1 1 fied. Soaps and other washings and cleaning compounds 1 1 -nivision 4 Processing and rpanufacture-Not elsewhere specified 126 il3 13 Manufacturing industries othc;rwise unclassified 11 3 8 PhotograI?hic and optical goods 10 2 8 Repair and manufacture of watches and clocks 1 1 Wood and wood products other than furniture and 102 101 1 fixtures. Sawyers. 4 4 4'62 Carpenters, turners and joiners 98 97 1 4'9 Printing and allied industries (emplyees of Government 13 9 40 Printing Press are classified under this subdivision) 4'91 Printers, lithographers, engravers 13 9 -Division 5 Construction and Utilities 303 297 5'0 Construction and maintenance of works-otherwise 224 224 unclassified. 5'1 Constructions and m,aintenance-Buildings 27 27 5'U Masons and bricklayers 9 9 Subdivilions and, Groups Persons Males I Females. Division 5 5'10 Other persons enggaed in the construction or maintenan- 18 18 ce of buildings oth'erl than building made of bamboo or similar materials- 5'2 Construction and maintenance-Roads, bridges and 21 15 6 other tr..ansport .w orks- Construction and maintenance operations-Irrigation ... ,4. 4. and land improvement wor'ks- 5'6 Works and services-Domestic and Industrial 4 4 water supply- 5'7 Sanitary works and services-Including scavengers 23 23 Division 6 .commerce 510 402 108 Retail trade otherwise classmed- I 362 304 Sa. Hawkers and street vendors otherwise unclassified 5 6'02 Dealers'in drugs and other chemical stores 23 21 2. 6'03 Publishers, booksellers and stationers ... 3 2 1 6'00 General storekeepers, shop-keepers and persons 331 276 55 employed in shops otherwise unclassified 6'1 Retail trade in foodstuffs (including beverages and 137 95 42 narcotics)- 6'1l Retail dealers in grain and pulses, sweetmeats, sugar 109 89 20 and spices, dairy products, eggs and poultry; animals for food; fodder for animals; other foodstuffs, vegeta bles and fruits- 6'12 Vendors of wine, liquors aerated waters.and ice in shop 10 2 a. 6'14 Hawkers and street-vendors of drink and foodstuffs -10 4 6 6'15 Retail dealers in pan, bidis and cigarettes 8 a. 6'2 Retail trade in fuel (including petrol) 6 1 5 6'20 Retail dealers (including hawkers and street vendors) 6 1 5 in firewoon charcoal, coal, cowdung and all other fuel except petroleum 6'3 Retail trade in textile and leather goods Retail trade (including hawkers and street-vendorsJ 3 3 in piece goods, wool, cotton, silk, hair, wearing apparel, made-up textile goods, skin, leather, furs, feathers, etc, 6' 4, ,Wholesale trade in foodstuflS Wholesale dealers in grains and pulses, sweetmeats, sugar :'. 2 and spices, dairy p~oducts, eggs and poultry, animal for food, fodder for animals, 'other fobdstuffs whole sale dealers in tobacco, opium and ganja. 75 Divisions Subdivilions and Groups Persons Males Females Division 7 Transport, Storage and Communications- 363 3~5 8 7'1 Transport by road OWners, managers an 7'2 Transport by water- Owners and employees, officers, mariners, etc. of ships 37 37 plying on inland and coastal waters, persons employed in harbours, docks, rivers and canals, including pilots, ship brokers. 7'6 Posta! Services 180 175 5 7'7 Telegraph Services a .' Division 8 Health, Education and Public Administration 1,953 156. 8'1 Medical and other HealtH Services 50 53 8'U R~istered medical practitioners 16 3 8'13 Dentists 1 1'14 Midwives 1 1 8'15 Vaccinators T 7 8'16 Compounders 21 21 8'27 Nurses '" 45 1 44 8'10 All other persons employed in hospitals or other public 9 4. 5 or private establishments rendering medical or' other health services; but not including scavengers or other sanitary staff. 8'2 Educational Services and Research 583 502 81. g. 21 Professors, lecturers, teachers and research workers employed in Universities, Colle~es and Research Insti tutes. 8' 22 All other professors, lecturers and teachers ... 572 497 75 g'26 Managers, clerks and servants of educational and 11 6 research institutions, including Libraries and Museums etc. g'3 Army, Navy and Air Force 297 2 S'31 Army .. ~ 297 2 8'" Police (other than village watchmen) 701 693 8 16 Diyisioa Subdivilions and G,roups Penons Males Females 8'6 Employees of Municipalities and Local Boards (but not 26 23 3 including persons classifiable under any other division or subdivision), 8'7 Employees of,State Governments (but not including per 385 384 1 sons classifiable under any other division or subdivi sion) , 8'8 Employees of the Union Governments (but not including 6 2 persons classifiable under any' other division or sub division), Division 9 Services not elsewhere specified 382 305 77 9'0 Services otherwise unclassified 117 109 8 9'1 Domestic services {but not including services rendered by 56 31 2S members of family households to one another~, 9'11 Private motor drivers and cleaners 8 8 ,9'12 Cooks 18 -16 2 9'13 Gardeners 1 1 9'10 Other domestic servants 29 7 22 9'2 Barbers and beauty shops-Barbers, hair dressers and wig 10 10 makers, tatooers, shampooers, bath houses. 9'3 Laundries and Laundry services-Laundries and laundry 7 7 services, washing and cleaning. 9'4 Hostels, restaurants and eating houses 9 7 2 9'6 Legal and business services ". 23 140 9 9'62 Clerks oflawyers, petition writers, etc, 7 7 9'65 Managers, clerks servants and employees of 'Trade 16 7 9 Association, Chamber of Commerce, Board of Trade, Labour Organisation and similar organisation of employers and employees, 9'8 Religious, Charitable and Welfare Services 160 127 ~3 9'81 Priests, Ministers, Monks, Nuns, Sadhus ,Religious 138 110 28 mendicants and other religious workers. 9'83 Managers and employeef of orgaI}isations and institu 22 17 s tions rendering charitable and other welfare services. Persons subsisting on Non-productive activities Beggars _._ 3 , .. Pensioners 13 A.G.P~ (Census) No.7/52-110-10.5-1952.