DOCSLIB.ORG

Equal Access Networks for Real Broadband Access 2773 EAN Wp V4 10/11/03 9:34 Page 2

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Equal Access Networks for Real Broadband Access 2773 EAN Wp V4 10/11/03 9:34 Page 2 2773_EAN_wp_v4 10/11/03 9:34 Page 1 White paper Equal Access Networks for real broadband access 2773_EAN_wp_v4 10/11/03 9:34 Page 2 Contents 02 The importance of real broadband The importance of real broadband Metropolitan economies are important to the national 03 New opportunities for economy. To make a real contribution to national prosperity, service providers cities need to increase levels of economic growth and become 03 Benefits of an Ethernet-based more competitive. They must also improve the way they are infrastructure governed and managed. 04 Cisco’s ETTx solution Connecting real broadband to a city can change the way whole 06 Benefits of intelligent networks areas work, play and learn. That gives municipalities real 08 Infrastructure for Equal opportunities to deliver better service to tax payers, attract Access Networks more businesses to the area and improve overall prosperity 09 A complete provisioning and competitiveness. solution Metro Ethernet from Cisco is an ideal foundation for real 09 Supporting efficient broadband. Today, almost all network traffic begins and ends as network operation IP, and Ethernet and the Ethernet RJ-45 connector are seen as the 10 Real broadband – the prospects most important form of access to public networks. The Ethernet for residential subscribers to the x (ETTx) Solution is based on Metro Ethernet technology 11 Real broadband – the prospects and utilises IP to provide intelligent network functions. It represents for business subscribers a unified network infrastructure providing end-to-end delivery 12 Business models for of next-generation voice, video, storage and data services. implementing real broadband Equal Access Networks The availability of dark fibre and the economics of Ethernet in the local loop are radically changing access to metropolitan area 14 TV and video solutions networks. By developing Ethernet as the transport technology of 14 The service provider choice in the first mile, service providers can quickly build real business opportunity broadband networks that avoid the cost and complexity of 15 The role of the dark protocol conversion and unnecessary layers while leveraging fibre provider an installed base of 300 million low-cost Ethernet ports. 15 Emerging business models Cisco ETTx can accelerate the implementation of real broadband 16 Proving the business case by allowing service providers to exploit the use of existing 16 Why Cisco? rights of way and civil infrastructures through strategic partnerships with utilities, private companies, municipalities and other local stakeholders. 2 2773_EAN_wp_v4 10/11/03 9:34 Page 3 Equal Access Networks for real broadband access – white paper New opportunities for service providers maximise revenue, it is essential that subscribers can enjoy a Governments worldwide are making equal access mandatory "real broadband experience" where they can access all for broadband access providers. In existing deregulated available services and applications on demand, at any time markets, a number of agreements are already in place: from any connected content provider or ISP. • access-level agreements, with DSL unbundling and an Equal Access Networks support this with a wide range of obligation to provide a minimum number of leased lines to subscriber benefits: an alternate or second/third operator • ability to select the content provider or ISP of choice • interconnect-level agreements, with interconnection charges • service on demand and termination fees regulated country-by-country •broadband access with no or minimal delay for service • open access agreements for cable operators. activation Market and regulatory forces are driving service providers to •choice of services rather than one standard package open up their networks so that subscribers can specify their own choice of ISP or content provider. Although this trend • consolidated billing and service management. appears to open up networks to competitors, it actually helps service providers increase real broadband subscriber Benefits of an Ethernet-based infrastructure penetration and generate additional revenue. Bandwidth alone is becoming so heavily commoditised that margins are dwindling to near-zero. To differentiate themselves, The main source of revenue for real broadband service service providers must move higher up the value chain, open new providers is subscribers - residential or business customers. To revenue streams and leverage maximum value from their existing Benefits of an Ethernet based infrastructure Data Voice Video Storage VoIP IP Video iSCSI IP Network PBX Voice NTSC/PAL Fiber Channel Network Coax Network SAN 3 2773_EAN_wp_v4 10/11/03 9:35 Page 4 Equal Access Networks for real broadband access – white paper networks. Cisco ETTx offers a truly multi-dimensional opportunity As the industry's only fibre-based metropolitan broadband for service providers, delivering expanded customer bases, solution supporting standards-based voice, video, data and reduced customer churn and a diversity of new revenue streams. storage network architecture, Cisco ETTx provides a roadmap for combining business and technology strategies into a single The financial case for ETTx is compelling considering the low integrated model. cost of standards-based Ethernet ports and equipment. An Ethernet interface card can cost a much as 10 times less than A service provider operating a Cisco ETTx solution has the a SDH interface and can compete with the cost of deploying opportunity to offer other providers specific network facilities DSL. The simplicity of provisioning ETTx means that staffing with interconnection and provisioning capability. An ETTx and operating costs are also lowered - while revenue network allows the operator to open the network to multiple opportunities are greatly increased. ISPs, voice operators, video content providers and other providers, giving their subscribers the freedom to buy services Cisco ETTx installed directly over fibre enables service providers from a provider of their own choice. to offer customers a 10 or 100Mbps connection, far faster than other available broadband technologies and upgradeable to Cisco’s ETTx solution 1Gbps by simply changing the customer premise equipment. Cisco’s Metro Ethernet infrastructure provides a foundation for Used in conjunction with Internet Protocol (IP), ETTx gives integrated voice/video/data/storage solutions as well as MPLS network service providers a future proofed unified platform VPN-based services. on which they can deliver a rich mix of voice, video, storage Primary points of presence (PoPs) are installed in the metropolitan and Internet access services to both residential and business area network from which fibre is laid to secondary PoPs. More customers located in high-density buildings. This rich service fibre is then laid from the secondary PoP to an Ethernet/IP portfolio gives the service provider a strong competitive switch in the building itself, often in the basement of an office advantage. It allows the creation of service bundles based on or apartment block. "triple play" services which are not feasible over first-generation broadband technologies like ADSL. The fibre is usually laid using a ring-based topology to provide resilience. Robust Ethernet and Internet protocols and good •Voice traffic is becoming packets on an IP network using network design ensure that there is no noticeable interruption VoIP technology to voice calls or video sessions if a link is lost. • IP video is bringing video onto PCs and IP networks, with A fibre-based LAN is then laid within the building which video-on-demand, videoconferencing, company event terminates in a network socket in each office or home. Ethernet broadcasting and video surveillance now used by companies optical/electrical converters are installed directly onto this fibre. around the world Residential or business subscribers are provided with an IP home • TV broadcasts, video-on-demand and network video access gateway, an IP set-top box for the television, a network recording are also available to a growing number of card for their computer, connection cables and set-up instructions. residential customers in European cities The gateway is connected either to existing analogue telephone • New technologies like iSCSI are allowing IP networks to handsets for voice services, or to IP phones for advanced services. connect computer systems to storage systems located Currently, most subscribers are offered a connection with a anywhere in the world. speed of 10Mbps. 4 2773_EAN_wp_v4 10/11/03 9:35 Page 5 Equal Access Networks for real broadband access – white paper Service providers set up gateways to the incumbent of IP multicast technology, which allows multiple video streams telecommunications operator for interconnection of voice calls to be transmitted across the network. This allows delivery of and video gateways to video content providers or video servers hundreds of digital TV channels to thousands of subscribers for video-on-demand. Video delivery is achieved through the use without overloading the network. Structure of the inteligent network Primary and Secondary POPs Access Provider Edge STM16 STM16 Backbone Layer Intra-POP Layer E1, E3, Access STM1 Layer ONS15454 1 Gbps 100 Mbps Residential Ethernet Ethernet Concentration Layer 1 Gbps Ethernet Customer site A Customer site B Top/Medium Business Customers Residential Access Layer 5 2773_EAN_wp_v4 10/11/03 9:35 Page 6 Equal Access Networks for real broadband access – white paper Benefits of intelligent
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Optical Access Network Migration from GPON to XG-PON
    ACCESS 2012 : The Third International Conference on Access Networks Optical Access Network Migration from GPON to XG-PON Bostjan Batagelj, Vesna Erzen, Vitalii Bagan, Yury Ignatov, Maxim Antonenko Jurij Tratnik, Luka Naglic Moscow Institute for Physics and Technology University of Ljubljana Department of Radio-Electronics Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Applied Informatics Ljubljana, Slovenia Moscow, Russia e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Abstract—The purpose of this paper is to give an introduction Present Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Network into the new standard base of next-generation Passive Optical (GPON) as a future safe investment new standard for first Network (NG-PON). Study and analysis of future trends in the generation of Ten-Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical development of next-generation fixed broadband optical Networks (XG-PON1) has been published in 2010 by ITU-T network is performed. The main intention of this paper is to [4]. This standard will offer 10 Gbit/s downstream and 2.5 describe migration from Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Gbit/s upstream speed; but, target distance and split ratio did Network (GPON) to Ten-Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical not increase much. Research in this area continues the job to Networks (XG-PON). Paper answers the question of what bring even better P2MP technology. Most of them are today extent active and passive GPON elements need to be replaced known under the term second generation of next-generation and what needs to be added when migrating to XG-PON.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of Access Network Sharing and Its Role in 5G Networks
    applied sciences Review Evolution of Access Network Sharing and Its Role in 5G Networks Nima Afraz * , Frank Slyne , Harleen Gill and Marco Ruffini * CONNECT Centre, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland; [email protected] (F.S.); [email protected] (H.G.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (N.A.); marco.ruffi[email protected] (M.R.) Received: 3 October 2019; Accepted: 18 October 2019; Published: 28 October 2019 Abstract: This paper details the evolution of access network sharing models from legacy DSL to the most recent fibre-based technology and the main challenges faced from technical and business perspectives. We first give an overview of existing access sharing models, that span physical local loop unbundling and virtual unbundled local access. We then describe different types of optical access technologies and highlight how they support network sharing. Next, we examine how the concept of SDN and network virtualization has been pivotal in enabling the idea of “true multi-tenancy”, through the use of programmability, flexible architecture and resource isolation. We give examples of recent developments of cloud central office and OLT virtualization. Finally, we provide an insight into the role that novel business models, such as blockchain and smart contract technology, could play in 5G networks. We discuss how these might evolve, to provide flexibility and dynamic operations that are needed in the data and control planes. Keywords: access networks; network sharing; 5G networks; multi tenancy; optical access; sharing economics 1. Introduction By its nature, a telecommunications network is a shared resource that interconnects multiple nodes. Network sharing is part of a fundamental principle of statistical multiplexing of link capacity.
    [Show full text]
  • Wi-Fi Roaming Guidelines Version 13.0 14 October 2020
    GSMA Official Document Non-confidential IR.61 Wi-Fi Roaming Guidelines v12.1 (Current) Wi-Fi Roaming Guidelines Version 13.0 14 October 2020 This is a Non-binding Permanent Reference Document of the GSMA Security Classification: Non-confidential Access to and distribution of this document is restricted to the persons permitted by the security classification. This document is confidential to the Association and is subject to copyright protection. This document is to be used only for the purposes for which it has been supplied and information contained in it must not be disclosed or in any other way made available, in whole or in part, to persons other than those permitted under the security classification without the prior written approval of the Association. Copyright Notice Copyright © 2020 GSM Association. Disclaimer The GSM Association (“Association”) makes no representation, warranty or undertaking (express or implied) with respect to and does not accept any responsibility for, and hereby disclaims liability for the accuracy or completeness or timeliness of the information contained in this document. The information contained in this document may be subject to change without prior notice.. Antitrust Notice The information contain herein is in full compliance with the GSM Association’s antitrust compliance policy. V13.0 Page 1 of 35 GSM Association` Non-confidential Official Document IR.61 - Wi-Fi Roaming Guidelines Table of Contents 1 Introduction 4 1.1 Scope 4 2 Abbreviations and Terminology 4 3 References 11 4 EPC Overview (Informative)
    [Show full text]
  • Network Experience Evolution to 5G
    Network Experience Evolution to 5G Table of Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 5 Definition of Terms ............................................................................................................... 5 Typical MBB Services and Network Experience Requirements in the 5G Era ............. 7 VR ........................................................................................................................................ 8 Video.................................................................................................................................... 9 Voice .................................................................................................................................... 9 Mobile Gaming ................................................................................................................... 10 FWA ................................................................................................................................... 11 Summary ........................................................................................................................... 13 Network Evolution Trends .............................................................................................. 13 5G-oriented LTE Experience Improvement Technologies ..........................................
    [Show full text]
  • Recommendations for Expanding Internet Access and Supporting Net Neutrality
    Recommendations for Expanding Internet Access and Supporting Net Neutrality A report to Mayor Joseph A. Curtatone of the Somerville Internet Access Task Force Draft report submitted to staff July 2019 Final report October 2019 Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 4 2. Problem Statement 6 3. Vision 6 4. Principles and Goals 6 5. Process 7 6. Definitions 8 7. Recommendations 11 8. Last Mile Access Technologies 13 8.1. Copper Cable 13 8.2. Fiber Optic Cable 14 8.2.1. Shallow Fiber 15 8.2.2. Case Study: Netly 15 8.2.3. Case Study: TRAXyL 16 8.2.4. Case Study: Google Fiber in Louisville, KY 16 8.3. WiFi Mesh Networks 16 9. Ownership Models for the Access Network 18 9.1. Municipally-Owned and -Operated Broadband 18 9.2. Municipally-Owned but Privately-Operated Network 19 9.2.1. Case Study: UTOPIA Fiber 19 9.3. Public-Private Partnership 19 9.4. Privately-Owned Network with Conditions Set by Municipality 20 9.4.1. Case Study: Netly 20 10. Policy Options 22 10.1. Statement of Values & Staffing 22 10.2. Negotiating with Service Providers 24 10.3. Purchasing Policies: Net Neutrality 25 10.4. Local Ordinances 26 10.4.1. Net Neutrality 26 10.4.2. Access to Affordable Internet 26 10.4.3. Dig Once Policy 26 10.5. Regional or Municipal Collaborative 28 10.6. MA Advocacy for Legislation 28 10.7. Complementary Approaches to Expanding Internet Access 29 10.7.1. Public WiFi 29 10.7.2. Community WiFi 29 10.7.3 Building Hosted Services 30 10.7.4.
    [Show full text]
  • UMTS Overview
    UMTS overview David Tipper Associate Professor Graduate Telecommunications and Networking Program University of Pittsburgh 2720 Slides 12 UMTS • ETSI proposed GSM/NA-TDMA /GPRS evolution under name Universal Mobile Telecom. Services (UMTS) • Most of 3G licenses in Europe required operator to deploy a UMTS system covering x% of population by a specific date y – Germany: 25% of population by 12/03, 50% by 12/05 –Norway: 80% of population by 12/04 – In most countries operators have asked for and received deployment delay due to dot.com bust and equipment delays • Estimate 2.5 Billion euros to deploy a 5000 base station UMTS system • According to UMTS Forum – More than 90 million UMTS users as of 10/06 on operating networks in more than 50 countries – Most deployments of UMTS in Europe (~40% of market) and Pacific Rim (~38% market) Telcom 2720 2 UMTS • UMTS is a complete system architecture – As in GSM emphasis on standardized interfaces • mix and match equipment from various vendors – Simple evolution from GPRS – allows one to reuse/upgrade some of the GPRS backhaul equipment – Backward compatible handsets and signaling to support intermode and intersystem handoffs • Intermode; TDD to FDD, FDD to TDD • Intersystem: UMTS to GSM or UMTS to GPRS – UMTS supports a variety of user data rates and both packet and circuit switched services – System composed of three main subsystems Telcom 2720 3 UMTS System Architecture Node B MSC/VLR GMSC PSTN RNC USIM Node B HLR ME Internet Node B RNC SGSN GGSN Node B UE UTRAN CN External Networks • UE (User Equipment) that interfaces with the user • UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) handles all radio related functionality – WCDMA is radio interface standard here.
    [Show full text]
  • Wireless Evolution •..••••.•.•...•....•.•..•.•••••••...••••••.•••.••••••.••.•.••.••••••• 4
    Department of Justice ,"'''''''''<11 Bureau of Investigation ,Operational Technology Division WIRELESS EVDLUTIDN IN THIS Iselil-it:: .. WIRELESS EVOLUTIDN I!I TECH BYTES • LONG TERM EVOLUTIQN ill CLDUD SERVICES • 4G TECHNOLOGY ill GESTURE-RECOGNITION • FCC ON BROADBAND • ACTIVITY-BASED NAVIGATION 'aw PUIi! I' -. q f. 8tH'-.1 Waa 8RI,. (!.EIi/RiW81 R.d-nl)) - 11 - I! .el " Ij MESSAGE FROM MANAGEMENT b7E he bou~~aries of technology are constantly expanding. develop technical tools to combat threats along the Southwest Recognizing the pathway of emerging technology is Border. a key element to maintaining relevance in a rapidly changing technological environment. While this The customer-centric approach calls for a high degree of T collaboration among engineers, subject matter experts (SMEs), proficiency is fundamentally important in developing strategies that preserve long-term capabilities in the face of emerging and the investigator to determine needs and requirements. technologies, equally important is delivering technical solutions To encourage innovation, the technologists gain a better to meet the operational needs of the law enforcement understanding of the operational and investigative needs customer in a dynamic 'threat' environment. How can technical and tailor the technology to fit the end user's challenges. law enforcement organizations maintain the steady-state Rather than developing solutions from scratch, the customer­ production of tools and expertise for technical collection, while centric approach leverages and modifies the technoloe:v to infusing ideas and agility into our organizations to improve our fit the customer's nFlFlrt~.1 ability to deliver timely, relevant, and cutting edge tools to law enforcement customers? Balancing these two fundamentals through an effective business strategy is both a challenge and an opportunity for the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and other Federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies.
    [Show full text]
  • TS 136 300 V9.4.0 (2010-07) Technical Specification
    ETSI TS 136 300 V9.4.0 (2010-07) Technical Specification LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (3GPP TS 36.300 version 9.4.0 Release 9) 3GPP TS 36.300 version 9.4.0 Release 9 1 ETSI TS 136 300 V9.4.0 (2010-07) Reference RTS/TSGR-0236300v940 Keywords LTE ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Beyond LTE: Enabling the Mobile Broadband Explosion
    Beyond LTE: Enabling the Mobile Broadband Explosion August 2014 Key Conclusions (1) • Mobile broadband—encompassing networks, devices, and applications—is becoming one of the most successful and fastest-growing industries of all time. • Computing itself is transitioning from a PC era to a mobile era. Many users will never interact with a PC. • Consumer and business applications have until now driven data demand, but machine-to-machine communication, also called Internet of Things, will generate progressively higher volumes of traffic in the future. • Cloud computing is a significant and growing contributor to data demand. Growth drivers include cloud-based data synchronization, backup, applications, and streaming media. • The wireless industry is addressing exploding data demand through a combination of spectrally more efficient technology, denser deployments, small cells, HetNets, self-configuration, self-optimization, use of unlicensed spectrum with Wi-Fi, and the future possibility of LTE operation in unlicensed bands. • Initial LTE deployments have been faster than any wireless technology previously deployed. Beyond LTE: Enabling the Mobile Broadband Explosion 2 Rysavy Research, 2014 White Paper Key Conclusions (2) • LTE has become the global cellular-technology platform of choice for both Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)-UMTS and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)/Evolution Data Optimized (EV-DO) operators. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) operators are adopting LTE-Time Division Duplex (LTE-TDD). • The wireless technology roadmap now extends through International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT)-Advanced, with LTE-Advanced defined to meet IMT- Advanced requirements. LTE-Advanced is capable of peak theoretical throughput rates exceeding 1 gigabit per second (Gbps). Operators began deploying LTE-Advanced in 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN)
    UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) • UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) • UTRAN Architecture and Protocols • UTRAN Procedures (see separate presentation) Important References Books: • Kaaranen, Ahtiainen, Laitinen, Naghian, Niemi: UMTS Networks – Architecture, Mobility and Services. 2nd edition, Wiley, 2005 • Holma, Toskala: WCDMA for UMTS. 4th edition, Wiley, 2007 • Walke, Althoff, Seidenberg: UMTS – Ein Kurs. 2. Auflage, J. Schlembach Fachverlag, 2002 • T. Benkner, C. Stepping: UMTS – Universal Mobile Telecommunications System. J. Schelmbach Fachverlag, 2002. Central 3GPP Documents on UTRAN: • 25.401: UTRAN overview • 25.301: Radio link protocols (UTRA) • 25.931: UTRAN procedures UMTS Networks Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim Oct-11 2 UTRAN Architecture • Components and Interfaces • Macro Diversity • UTRAN Functions • Protocol Architecture • RRC connection and signaling connection • Access Stratum and Non Access Stratum UMTS Networks Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim Oct-11 3 UTRAN Components and Interfaces Core Network Iu Iu RNS RNS UTRAN Iur RNC RNC Iub Iub Iub Iub Node B Node B Node B Node B A Radio Network Subsystem (RNS) consists of a RNC, one or more Node B‘s and optionally one SAS (standalone A-GPS serving mobile location center) Source: 3GPP 25.401 UMTS Networks Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim Oct-11 4 Macro Diversity: Serving and Drift RNS Source: 3GPP 25.401 Core Network Iu Drift RNS (DRNS) Serving RNS (SRNS) Iur Cells UE Each RNS is responsible for the resources of its set of cells For each connection between
    [Show full text]
  • Network Architecture – Stage 2 Part 1
    WiMAX Forum® Network Architecture (Stage 2: Architecture Tenets, Reference Model and Reference Points) [Part 1] WMF-T32-002-R010v05 (2009-03-19) WiMAX Forum Proprietary Copyright © 2010 WiMAX Forum. All Rights Reserved. WiMAX FORUM PROPRIETARY WiMAX Forum® Network Architecture WMF-T32-002-R010v05 Network Stage2 Part1 1 Copyright Notice, Use Restrictions, Disclaimer, and Limitation of Liability. 2 3 Copyright 2010 WiMAX Forum. All rights reserved. 4 5 The WiMAX Forum® owns the copyright in this document and reserves all rights herein. This document is available for 6 download from the WiMAX Forum and may be duplicated for internal use, provided that all copies contain all proprietary notices 7 and disclaimers included herein. Except for the foregoing, this document may not be duplicated, in whole or in part, or 8 distributed without the express written authorization of the WiMAX Forum. 9 10 Use of this document is subject to the disclaimers and limitations described below. Use of this document constitutes acceptance 11 of the following terms and conditions: 12 13 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. TO THE GREATEST 14 EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, THE WiMAX FORUM DISCLAIMS ALL EXPRESS, IMPLIED AND 15 STATUTORY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF TITLE, 16 NONINFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE WiMAX 17 FORUM DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THIS DOCUMENT IS COMPLETE OR WITHOUT ERROR AND 18 DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES TO THE CONTRARY. 19 20 Any products or services provided using technology described in or implemented in connection with this document may be 21 subject to various regulatory controls under the laws and regulations of various governments worldwide.
    [Show full text]
  • UMTS); UTRAN Overall Description (3G TS 25.401 Version 3.1.0 Release 1999) (3G TS 25.401 Version 3.1.0 Release 1999) 1 ETSI TS 125 401 V3.1.0 (2000-01)
    ETSI TS 125 401 V3.1.0 (2000-01) Technical Specification Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UTRAN Overall Description (3G TS 25.401 version 3.1.0 Release 1999) (3G TS 25.401 version 3.1.0 Release 1999) 1 ETSI TS 125 401 V3.1.0 (2000-01) Reference DTS/TSGR-0325401U Keywords UMTS ETSI Postal address F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Office address 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis Valbonne - FRANCE Tel.:+33492944200 Fax:+33493654716 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Internet [email protected] Individual copies of this ETSI deliverable can be downloaded from http://www.etsi.org If you find errors in the present document, send your comment to: [email protected] Important notice This ETSI deliverable may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. © European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2000. All rights reserved. ETSI (3G TS 25.401 version 3.1.0 Release 1999) 2 ETSI TS 125 401 V3.1.0 (2000-01) Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI.
    [Show full text]