Built Heritage and Cultural Landscapes Report
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Schedule ‘C’ Environmental Assessment for 16th Avenue between Woodbine Avenue and York/Durham Line Appendix H Built Heritage and Cultural Landscapes Report Accessible formats are available upon request. CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT: BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES EXISTING CONDITIONS AND ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS 16TH AVENUE FROM WOODBINE AVENUE TO YORK/DURHAM LINE MUNICIPAL CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT CITY OF MARKHAM, YORK REGION Prepared for: Veronica Restrepo HDR 255 Adelaide Street West Toronto, ON M5H 1X9 T. 905-882-4100 x 5342 ASI File: 16EA-176 September 2016 (Revised January 2017, January and June 2018, November 2019) CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT: BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES EXISTING CONDITIONS AND ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS 16TH AVENUE FROM WOODBINE AVENUE TO YORK/DURHAM LINE MUNICIPAL CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT CITY OF MARKHAM, YORK REGION EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ASI was contracted by HDR Inc. to conduct a Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment (CHRA) for the 16th Avenue Municipal Class Environmental Assessment from Yonge Street to York/Durham Line. This report discusses the portion of the study area between Woodbine Avenue in the west to York/Durham Line in the City of Markham in the east. The proposed undertaking will identify possible improvement to current and future pedestrian, cyclist, transit, and automobile transportation infrastructure along 16th Avenue. In November 2005 ASI was contracted to complete a cultural heritage resource assessment of 16th Avenue between Yonge Street and McCowan Road (ASI 2006), and then later in 2006 to complete a cultural heritage resource assessment of 16th Avenue from Donald Cousens Parkway to York/Durham Line (ASI 2008). This previous research was consulted as part of the background history for this project. The results of background historical research and a review of secondary source material revealed a study area with a rural land use history dating back to the late- eighteenth century. A field review was conducted for the entire study area to confirm the location of previously identified cultural heritage resources and to document newly discovered ones. The background research, data collection, and field review conducted for the study area determined that 24 cultural heritage resources are located within or adjacent to the 16th Avenue from Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line EA study area. Based on the results of the assessment, the following recommendations have been developed: 1. Construction activities and staging should be suitably planned and undertaken to avoid impacts to identified cultural heritage resources. 2. Where possible, the proposed alternative should be altered to retain the existing fence and established trees associated with BHR 11. If the retention of the fence and treeline in BHR 11 is deemed infeasible, a resource–specific cultural heritage impact assessment report should be prepared in advance of construction activities. BHR 11 should be subject to photographic documentation and compilation of a resource-specific cultural heritage impact assessment report by a qualified heritage consultant. 3. Post-construction landscaping and rehabilitation plans should be undertaken in a manner that is sympathetic to the overall setting. Wherever possible, landscaping with appropriate or sympathetic historic plant materials is recommended. Post-construction landscaping is recommended for CHLs 2,3,5, and 6, and in any instance where the ASI Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment 16th Avenue from Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line Municipal Class EA City of Markham, York Region Page ii removal of vegetation or replaceable landscape features (i.e. young trees, shrubs) during construction is anticipated; 4. Should future work require an expansion of the study area then a qualified heritage consultant should be contacted in order to confirm the impacts of the proposed work on potential heritage resources. ASI Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment 16th Avenue from Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line Municipal Class EA City of Markham, York Region Page iii PROJECT PERSONNEL Senior Project Manager: Lindsay Graves, MA, CAHP Cultural Heritage Specialist Assistant Manager, Cultural Heritage Division Project Manager John Sleath, MA Cultural Heritage Associate Project Coordinator: Sarah Jagelewski, Hon. BA Staff Archaeologist Assistant Manager, Environmental Assessment Division Project Administration: Carol Bella, Hon. BA Research Archaeologist Administrative Assistant Report Preparation: John Sleath Graphics: Blake Williams, MLitt Geomatics Specialist Report Reviewer: Lindsay Graves Katie Hull, PhD Partner- Director of Cultural Heritage Division Joel Konrad, PhD Cultural Heritage Specialist Assistant Manager, Cultural Heritage Division ASI Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment 16th Avenue from Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line Municipal Class EA City of Markham, York Region Page iv TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................ i PROJECT PERSONNEL ....................................................................................................................................... iii 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT CONTEXT ................... 1 2.1 Legislation and Policy Context .......................................................................................................... 1 2.2 Municipal Policies ............................................................................................................................ 5 City of Markham ............................................................................................................................................ 5 2.3 Data Collection ................................................................................................................................. 6 3.0 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT ................................. 8 3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Township Survey and Settlement...................................................................................................... 8 3.2.1 The Township of Markham, County of York ................................................................................. 8 3.3 Review of Historical Mapping ........................................................................................................... 9 3.3.1 Nineteenth Century Mapping ..................................................................................................... 9 3.3.2 Twentieth-Century Mapping ...................................................................................................... 11 3.4 Existing Conditions ........................................................................................................................ 16 3.4.1 16th Avenue from Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line Study Area – Geography and Physiography .......................................................................................................................................... 16 3.4.2 16th Avenue from Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line Study Area– Existing Conditions ...... 17 3.4.3 16th Avenue from Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line– Identified Cultural Heritage Resources ............................................................................................................................................... 23 3.5 Screening for Potential Impacts ...................................................................................................... 24 4.0 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................................... 26 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 26 6.0 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 28 7.0 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE INVENTORY ...................................................................................... 30 8.0 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE LOCATION MAPPING .......................................................................... 41 APPENDIX A: BY LAW DESIGNATIONS ................................................................................................................50 APPENDIX B: DRAFT DESIGN OF PROPOSED UNDERTAKING ................................................................................ 97 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Location of the study area ................................................................................................................. 1 Figure 2: The Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line study overlaid on Tremaine’s 1860 Map of Markham .... 13 Figure 3: The Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line study area overlaid on the 1878 Historical Atlas of Markham ....................................................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 4: The Woodbine Avenue to York/Durham Line study area overlaid