Triathlon Swimming Made Easy: How ANYONE Can Succeed in Open Water Swimming with Total Immersion (Text-Only Version Prepared for Electronic Transmission
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2019 Competition Guide European Championships
2019 UEC BMX European Championships & European Challenge Valmiera (Latvia), 12-14 July 2019 TECHNICAL GUIDE 1 2019 UEC BMX European Championships & European Challenge Valmiera (Latvia), 12-14 July 2019 CONTENT INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 3 VENUE ...................................................................................................................................... 4 SITE MAP ................................................................................................................................. 5 GENERAL INFORMATIONS ................................................................................................. 7 TEAM AREA ............................................................................................................................. 8 RESERVATION FORM TEAM AREA .................................................................................. 9 CAMPING AREA ................................................................................................................... 10 RESERVATION FORM CAMPING .................................................................................... 11 PROVISIONAL TIME SCHEDULE ..................................................................................... 12 RIDER CATEGORIES .......................................................................................................... 13 RIDER REGISTRATION ..................................................................................................... -
Safe Sport at Meets: a Resource Guide
usaswimming.org/protect Safe Sport at Meets: A Resource Guide Safe Sport Meet Standard The Meet Director, Meet Referee, and Facility Management (if indicated), shall work together to ensure compliance with the USA Swimming Code of Conduct and Athlete Protection Policies during swim meets for the protection of Athletes and Non-Athlete Members of USA Swimming. Consultation during the meet may be obtained, if available, with the USA Swimming Safe Sport Office, LSC Safe Sport Chair/Coordinator, LSC General Chair, or the Meet Committee at the venue. Meet Director: Safe Sport Protocol Prior to the meet Identify Emergency Services and their contact information for the facility (if other than 911): o Law enforcement o Medical services o Address and phone number of the facility o Information to be carried by the Meet Director, and Meet Referee. Determine responsibility for enforcing USA Swimming Code of Conduct (Article 304) and Athlete Protection Policies (Article 305), such as deck access, camera use, etc. o If it is Facility Management: . Obtain names and contact information of facility staff for use by Meet Management, Officials and Meet Marshals during the meet. Establish a Chain of Command. o If it is Meet Management: . Use this guide to develop a plan for handling situations that might occur. Establish a Chain of Command at the meet. Confer with the Meet Referee: o Discuss how Code of Conduct and Athlete Protection Policy violations will be managed during the meet. o Have a clear reporting structure for all members of the Meet staff and volunteers that can be easily communicated to all workers at the meet. -
Exercise Intensity During Olympic-Distance Triathlon in Well-Trained Age-Group Athletes: an Observational Study
sports Article Exercise Intensity during Olympic-Distance Triathlon in Well-Trained Age-Group Athletes: An Observational Study Atsushi Aoyagi 1 , Keisuke Ishikura 2 and Yoshiharu Nabekura 3,* 1 Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan; [email protected] 2 Faculty of Management, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan; [email protected] 3 Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the exercise intensity during the swimming, cy- cling, and running legs of nondraft legal, Olympic-distance triathlons in well-trained, age-group triathletes. Seventeen male triathletes completed incremental swimming, cycling, and running tests to exhaustion. Heart rate (HR) and workload corresponding to aerobic and anaerobic thresholds, maximal workloads, and maximal HR (HRmax) in each exercise mode were analyzed. HR and workload were monitored throughout the race. The intensity distributions in three HR zones for each discipline and five workload zones in cycling and running were quantified. The subjects were then assigned to a fast or slow group based on the total race time (range, 2 h 07 min–2 h 41 min). The mean percentages of HRmax in the swimming, cycling, and running legs were 89.8% ± 3.7%, 91.1% ± 4.4%, and 90.7% ± 5.1%, respectively, for all participants. The mean percentage of HRmax and intensity distributions during the swimming and cycling legs were similar between groups. -
Open Water Clinic Manual
United States Masters Swimming Open Water Swimming Clinic Manual Prepared by the USMS Long Distance Committee, 2001 With contributions from Karen Burton, Marcia Cleveland, Peter Crumbine, Lisa Hazen, Barney Hungerford, Randy Nutt, Janet Renner, Robert Zeitner and Sally Dillon Introduction 1. Welcome participants 2. Outline the instructors’ backgrounds and experience 3. Ask the participants for their backgrounds, experience, and expectations for the clinic. 4. Define Open Water Swimming – Any swimming done in oceans, lakes, rivers, bays, or other “non-pool” bodies of water. Clinic Outline The goal for this clinic is to introduce participants to the world of Open Water Swimming. Fundamentals and basics of the sport will be emphasized and advanced topics will be presented. Questions are encouraged throughout the clinic. To accomplish these goals, the following outline has been prepared: Section Page 1. INTRODUCTORY "OVERVIEW" 1 2. EQUIPMENT 1-2 3. THE ELEMENTS 2-4 4. GUIDELINES 4-5 5. NAVIGATION TECHNIQUES 5-6 6. DRILLS AND TRAINING 6-7 7. POOL TRAINING FOR OPEN WATER SWIMMING 7-8 8. SUPPLEMENTAL (DRY LAND) TRAINING 9 9. NUTRITION AND FEEDINGS DURING A SWIM 9-11 10. SELECTING AND PREPARING FOR A RACE 11-12 11. THE RACE 12-14 12. CLASSES/TYPES OF OPEN WATER SWIMS 14 13. AVAILABLE RESOURCES 14-16 CREW INFORMATION AND SUGGESTIONS APPENDIX A CLINIC EVALUATION APPENDIX B 1 SECTION ONE: INTRODUCTORY "OVERVIEW" 101 Mother Nature Always swim with a buddy or an escort craft. Try to have someone watch you from shore that can get to you fast in the event of trouble. This person supporting you from shore should have either a cell phone or know where the closest phone is. -
Age-Related Changes in Conventional Road Versus Off-Road Triathlon Performance Romuald Lepers, P.J
Age-related changes in conventional road versus off-road triathlon performance Romuald Lepers, P.J. Stapley To cite this version: Romuald Lepers, P.J. Stapley. Age-related changes in conventional road versus off-road triathlon performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, Springer Verlag, 2011, 111 ((8)), pp.1687- 1694. hal-00702344 HAL Id: hal-00702344 https://hal-univ-bourgogne.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00702344 Submitted on 30 May 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2011, 111(8):1687-1694 Age-related changes in conventional road versus off-road triathlon performance Romuald Lepers1 & Paul J. Stapley2 1 University of Burgundy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, INSERM U887, BP 27877, 21078 Dijon Cedex, FRANCE 2 Balance and Voluntary Movement Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Ave West, Montreal, Quebec, H2W1S4, CANADA Running title: Age and Performance in off-road triathlon Corresponding author: Romuald Lepers Université de Bourgogne Faculté des Sciences du Sport INSERM U887 BP 27877 21078 Dijon Cedex France Tel : +33.3.80.39.67.60 Fax : +33.3.80.39.67.02 Email : [email protected] Abstract The aims of this study were: i) to analyze age-related declines in swimming, cycling, and running performances for road-based and off-road triathlons, and ii) to compare age-related changes in these three disciplines between road-based and off-road triathlons. -
How I Trained for the Junior Triathlon
How I for Trained the Junior Triathlon Lower Middle Upper Text Type 1500–1800 words 1900–2400 words 2500–3000 words RA 8.8–9.2 RA 9.3–9.7 RA 9.8–10.2 So You Want to Be Procedure Build Your Own Easel Making a Cheesecake a Cartoonist? Recount (Explanation) Ten Milestones in Space Rail Accidents Three Terrible Hurricanes Information Report (Description) Mythical Creatures The World of Caves Top Towers Information Report (Explanation) A Weather Counting Book Two Polar Regions Seven Ancient Wonders Fact Interview Food Science FAQs Hobbies Fireflies and Glow-worms Mother Teresa: Biography Ned Kelly Saint of the Gutters Edmund Hillary How Forensic Scientists How Musical Explanation Work Instruments Work How Solar Energy Works How I Learned to How I Trained for the How I Learned to Procedural Recount Be a Nipper Junior Triathlon Snowboard Realistic Fiction (Out of School) Junkyard Treasure Outback Betty’s Harry’s Dream Realistic Fiction (In School) On the Case The Real-Life School Project Ms McMahon Historical Fiction The Wooden Horse Trick Cheung Saves the Day The Slave Fantasy The Cloud Washerwoman Sammy Stevens Sings Finbar and the Long Trek Science Fiction A New Source of Power The Intergalactic Race Eighth Moon Fiction Catty Bimbar and the Humour The Upstairs Dragon My Rhyming Grandpa New-Age Pirates The Mystery of The Mystery of the Mystery Mystery Under the Big Top Autoplane 500 Missing Food The Wicked Witch of the Folktales Singing Sands Gulnara Momotaro, Little Peachling We have designed these lesson plans so that you can have the plan in front of you as you teach, along with a copy of the book. -
Basic Swimming Rules
BASIC SWIMMING RULES The technical rules of swimming are designed to provide fair and equitable conditions for competition and to promote uniformity in the sport. Each swimming stroke has specific rules designed to ensure that no swimmer gets an unfair competitive advantage over another swimmer. The technical rules for each stroke may be found in the publication “Unites States Swimming Rules and Regulations”. You can ask the coach to see a copy of this booklet. Competitive Strokes The four competitive strokes are (1) freestyle, (2) backstroke, (3) breaststroke, and (4) butterfly. Events are held in all of the competitive strokes at varying distances depending on the age-group of the swimmer. In addition, there is a combination of the strokes swum by one swimmer called the individual medley (IM). Other swimming events include relays, which are a group of four swimmers who either all swim freestyle (freestyle relay) or each swim one of the competitive strokes in the order of backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly and freestyle (medley relay). Freestyle In Freestyle events, the competitor may swim any stroke. The stroke most commonly used is sometimes called the crawl, which is characterized by the alternate stroking of the arms over the water surface and an alternating (up-and-down) flutter kick. On turns and finishes, some part of the swimmer must touch the wall. Most swimmers do a flip turn. Backstroke The Backstroke consists of an alternating motion of the arms with a flutter kick while on the back. On turns, swimmers may rotate to the stomach and perform a flip turn and some part of the swimmer must touch the wall. -
2015 XTERRA COMPETITION RULES 1. Swim
2015 XTERRA COMPETITION RULES 1. Swim: 1.1. Wetsuits: are allowed based on water temperature measured the day prior to the event and confirmed the day of the event. Where water temperatures are close to limits, the decision will be made one hour before the start of the first swim. Pro/Elite Athletes: Wetsuits are allowed for pro athletes if the water temperature is below 68 degrees Fahrenheit (20 degrees Centigrade). Age Group Athletes: Wetsuits are allowed for age group athletes if the water temperature is below 72 degrees Fahrenheit (22 degrees C) Mandatory Wetsuit: Wetsuits are mandatory below 57 degrees F (14 degrees C) Challenged Athletes: Wetsuits are allowed but not required at 1 any water temperature. Note: XTERRA follows the Swim Rules for Wetsuit Use established by the ITU at all XRC events. See Section D.2 in the ITU Competition Rules for specific details. Note: The XTERRA/ITU rules may be waived by the XPS race directors in favor of USA Triathlon Swimming Conduct rules. See Section 4 of the USA Triathlon Rules for specific details. o Note: If a race is governed by the USAT Article IV Swimming 2 Conduct rules – the following portion of Section 4.4 will apply: “When the water temperature is greater than 78 degrees, but less than 84 degrees Fahrenheit, age group participants may wear a wetsuit at their own discretion, provided however that participants who wear a wetsuit within this temperature range shall not be eligible for prizes or awards.” Specifically: the athlete will not be eligible for XTERRA Points. -
Analysis of Pacing Strategies in 10 Km Open Water Swimming in International Events
Saavedra, J.M. et al.: ANALYSIS OF PACING STRATEGIES IN 10 KM OPEN... Kinesiology 50(2018)2:243-250 ANALYSIS OF PACING STRATEGIES IN 10 KM OPEN WATER SWIMMING IN INTERNATIONAL EVENTS Jose M. Saavedra1, Ingi Einarsson1, Damir Sekulic2, and Antonio Garcia-Hermoso3 1Physical Activity, Physical Education, Sport and Health Research Centre (PAPESH), Sports Science Department, School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik, Iceland 2Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split, Croatia 3Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago de Chile, Chile Original scientific paper https://doi.org/10.26582/k.50.2.3 UDC: 612.172: 796.322055.2 Abstract: The purpose of this study was to ascertain the pacing strategies employed in 10 km open water swimming events, and to define which split time was most determinant for the final performance as a function of sex and classification in International Championships of the highest level. Six international competitions over the last five years were analysed retrospectively: Olympic Games, World Championships, and European Championships. The data corresponded to a total of 437 swimmers̕ competition histories (257 men, 180 women). A two-way analysis of variance (sex [2 levels: men, women], classification [3 levels: 1st to 3rd, 4th to 8th, 9th and below]) was performed for each split (0-2.5 km, 2.6-5.0 km, 5.1-7.5 km, and 7.6 to 10 km) and half (0-5 km, 5.1-10 km). The Bonferroni post-hoc test was used to compare means, and Pearson᾿s simple correlation coefficient to determine correlations between the split times and the final performance (total time). -
Nutrition Considerations for Open-Water Swimming
International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 2014, 24, 373 -381 http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2014-0018 © 2014 Human Kinetics, Inc. www.IJSNEM-Journal.com CONSENSUS STATEMENT Nutrition Considerations for Open-Water Swimming Gregory Shaw, Anu Koivisto, David Gerrard, and Louise M. Burke Open-water swimming (OWS) is a rapidly developing discipline. Events of 5–25 km are featured at FINA World Championships, and the international circuit includes races of 5–88 km. The Olympic OWS event, introduced in 2008, is contested over 10 km. Differing venues present changing environmental conditions, including water and ambient temperatures, humidity, solar radiation, and unpredictable tides. Furthermore, the duration of most OWS events (1–6 hr) creates unique physiological challenges to thermoregulation, hydration status, and muscle fuel stores. Current nutrition recommendations for open-water training and competition are either an extension of recommendations from pool swimming or are extrapolated from other athletic populations with similar physiological requirements. Competition nutrition should focus on optimizing prerace hydration and glycogen stores. Although swimmers should rely on self-supplied fuel and fluid sources for shorter events, for races of 10 km or greater, fluid and fuel replacement can occur from feeding pontoons when tactically appropriate. Over the longer races, feeding pontoons should be used to achieve desirable targets of up to 90 g/ hr of carbohydrates from multitransportable sources. Exposure to variable water and ambient temperatures will play a significant role in determining race nutrition strategies. For example, in extreme environments, thermo- regulation may be assisted by manipulating the temperature of the ingested fluids. -
Ticketing Guide
Ticketing Guide June 2021 1 Contents 1. Games Overview p2 2. Games Venue p3 3. Tickets Rules p7 4. Accessibility p8 5. Competition Schedule p9 6. Full Competition Schedule And Prices p10 Opening and Closing Ceremonies p10 Golf p41 Aquatics (Swimming) p11 Gymnastics (Artistic) p42 Aquatics (Diving) p13 Gymnastics (Rhythmic) p43 Aquatics (Artistic Swimming) p14 Gymnastics (Trampoline) p43 Aquatics (Water Polo) p15 Handball p44 Aquatics (Marathon Swimming) p17 Hockey p46 Archery p18 Judo p48 Athletics p19 Karate p50 Athletics (Marathon) (Race Walk) p21 Modern Pentathlon p51 Badminton p22 Rowing p52 Baseball p23 Rugby p53 Softball p24 Sailing p54 Basketball (3x3 Basketball) p25 Shooting p55 Basketball p26 Skateboarding(Park) p56 Boxing p28 Skateboarding(Street) p56 Canoe(Slalom) p30 Sport Climbing p57 Canoe(Sprint) p31 Surfing p58 Cycling(BMX Freestyle) p32 Table Tennis p59 Cycling(BMX Racing) p32 Taekwondo p61 Cycling(Mountain Bike) p33 Cycling(Road) p33 Tennis p62 Cycling(Track) p34 Triathlon p65 Equestrian/Eventing p35 Beach Volleyball p66 Equestrian/Dressage,Eventing,Jumping p35 Volleyball p68 Fencing p36 Weightlifting p70 Football p38 Wrestling p71 1 1. Games Overview Olympic Sports A total of 33 different sports will be contested at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020. The 2020 Games are also the first time that the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has enabled the Organising Committee to propose additional sports for that edition of the Olympic Games. The Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee proposed the five additional sports of Baseball/Softball, Karate, Skateboarding, Sport Climbing and Surfing. All five were approved by the IOC for inclusion in the Tokyo 2020 Games. sports including Karate, Skateboarding, Sport Climbing and Surfing, which will be making their Olympic debuts at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020 23 July – 8 August 2021 (17 days) 2 2. -
What Is the Age for the Fastest Ultra-Marathon Performance in Time-Limited Races from 6 H to 10 Days?
AGE (2014) 36:9715 DOI 10.1007/s11357-014-9715-3 What is the age for the fastest ultra-marathon performance in time-limited races from 6 h to 10 days? Beat Knechtle & Fabio Valeri & Matthias Alexander Zingg & Thomas Rosemann & Christoph Alexander Rüst Received: 22 December 2013 /Accepted: 16 September 2014 # American Aging Association 2014 Abstract Recent findings suggested that the age of peak of finishes. In summary, the age of peak ultra-marathon ultra-marathon performance seemed to increase with in- performance increased and performance decreased in creasing race distance. The present study investigated the time-limited ultra-marathons. The age of peak ultra- age of peak ultra-marathon performance for runners com- marathon performance increased with increasing race peting in time-limited ultra-marathons held from 6 to duration and with increasing number of finishes. These 240 h (i.e. 10 days) during 1975–2013. Age and running athletes improved race performance with increasing num- performance in 20,238 (21 %) female and 76,888 (79 %) ber of finishes. male finishes (6,863 women and 24,725 men, 22 and 78 %, respectively) were analysed using mixed-effects Keywords Master athlete . Ultra-running . Sex . regression analyses. The annual number of finishes in- Endurance performance creased for both women and men in all races. About one half of the finishers completed at least one race and the other half completed more than one race. Most of the Introduction finishes were achieved in the fourth decade of life. The age of the best ultra-marathon performance increased Ultra-running is devoted to covering the sport of long- with increasing race duration, also when only one or at distance running.