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Barhebraeus: Gregory Abū Al‐Faraj
From: Thomas Hockey et al. (eds.). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers, Springer Reference. New York: Springer, 2007, pp. 94-95 Courtesy of http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30400-7_112 Barhebraeus: Gregory Abū al‐Faraj Hidemi Takahashi Alternate names Grīḡōriyōs Bar ʿEḇrāyā Grīḡōriyōs Bar ʿEḇroyo Born Malaṭya, (Turkey), 1225/1226 Died Marāgha, (Iran), 29/30 July 1286 Barhebraeus, a Syrian (or Syriac) Orthodox (“Jacobite”) prelate and polymath, is the foremost representative of the “Syriac Renaissance” of the 12th and 13th centuries. He was also closely associated with several members of the “Marāgha School” of astronomers, and he wrote several works dealing with various aspects of astronomy. Barhebraeus' birthplace of Malaṭya (or Melitene) was at the time under the rule of the Saljūqs of Rūm (Asia Minor), a Turkish–Islamic dynasty. It had an important community of Syrian Orthodox Christians that included Barhebraeus' family. His father Aaron (Ahrōn) was a physician. The view that links the name Barhebraeus to a Jewish ancestry is best rejected in favor of one linking it to the village of ʿEḇrā on the Euphrates, downstream of Melitene. After periods of study in Antioch, Tripoli (both then still in the hands of the Crusaders), and possibly Damascus, he was raised to the episcopate at the age of 20 in 1246 and was appointed, successively, to the sees of Gubos and Laqabin in the vicinity of Melitene. Sometime around 1253, Barhebraeus was transferred to Aleppo, where he would witness the fall of the city to the Mongols in 1260. In 1264, he was raised to the office of the Maphrian of the East, the second highest office in the Syrian Orthodox Church with jurisdiction over an area roughly coinciding with today's Iraq and Iran. -
Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (Ca
Conversion and Empire: Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (ca. 300-900) by Alexander Borislavov Angelov A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor John V.A. Fine, Jr., Chair Professor Emeritus H. Don Cameron Professor Paul Christopher Johnson Professor Raymond H. Van Dam Associate Professor Diane Owen Hughes © Alexander Borislavov Angelov 2011 To my mother Irina with all my love and gratitude ii Acknowledgements To put in words deepest feelings of gratitude to so many people and for so many things is to reflect on various encounters and influences. In a sense, it is to sketch out a singular narrative but of many personal “conversions.” So now, being here, I am looking back, and it all seems so clear and obvious. But, it is the historian in me that realizes best the numerous situations, emotions, and dilemmas that brought me where I am. I feel so profoundly thankful for a journey that even I, obsessed with planning, could not have fully anticipated. In a final analysis, as my dissertation grew so did I, but neither could have become better without the presence of the people or the institutions that I feel so fortunate to be able to acknowledge here. At the University of Michigan, I first thank my mentor John Fine for his tremendous academic support over the years, for his friendship always present when most needed, and for best illustrating to me how true knowledge does in fact produce better humanity. -
The Syrian Orthodox Church and Its Ancient Aramaic Heritage, I-Iii (Rome, 2001)
Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies 5:1, 63-112 © 2002 by Beth Mardutho: The Syriac Institute SOME BASIC ANNOTATION TO THE HIDDEN PEARL: THE SYRIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH AND ITS ANCIENT ARAMAIC HERITAGE, I-III (ROME, 2001) SEBASTIAN P. BROCK UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD [1] The three volumes, entitled The Hidden Pearl. The Syrian Orthodox Church and its Ancient Aramaic Heritage, published by TransWorld Film Italia in 2001, were commisioned to accompany three documentaries. The connecting thread throughout the three millennia that are covered is the Aramaic language with its various dialects, though the emphasis is always on the users of the language, rather than the language itself. Since the documentaries were commissioned by the Syrian Orthodox community, part of the third volume focuses on developments specific to them, but elsewhere the aim has been to be inclusive, not only of the other Syriac Churches, but also of other communities using Aramaic, both in the past and, to some extent at least, in the present. [2] The volumes were written with a non-specialist audience in mind and so there are no footnotes; since, however, some of the inscriptions and manuscripts etc. which are referred to may not always be readily identifiable to scholars, the opportunity has been taken to benefit from the hospitality of Hugoye in order to provide some basic annotation, in addition to the section “For Further Reading” at the end of each volume. Needless to say, in providing this annotation no attempt has been made to provide a proper 63 64 Sebastian P. Brock bibliography to all the different topics covered; rather, the aim is simply to provide specific references for some of the more obscure items. -
The Poems of Ghattas Maqdisi Elyas and the Remembrance of Turabdin
The Poems of Ghattas Maqdisi Elyas and the Remembrance of Turabdin Tijmen C. Baarda 1 Post-refereed pre-print version. Appeared in Sayfo 1915: An Anthology of Essays on the Genocide of Assyrians/Arameans during the First World War, edited by Shabo Talay and Soner Ö. Barthoma (Piscataway: Gorgias Press, 2018). https://www.gorgiaspress.com/sayfo-1915 Ghattas Maqdisi Elyas (1911–2008) is one of the best-known poets of the Arameans/Assyrians, who left us poetry in Classical Syriac from his youth years as well as from his old age. A victim of the Sayfo, Ghattas, or Malfōnō Denh ḥō as he was also known, was highly influenced by the genocide. But while he actively engages in his work with the memory of his region of birth as it was before the Sayfo, the genocide itself is almost absent in his work. Tur Abdin, the area where Ghattas came from, is considered the heartland of the Syriac Orthodox church. Part of the Ottoman Empire, it was a heterogeneous area populated by Arameans/Assyrians, Armenians, Turks, Kurds, and Arabs. While the area never became entirely homogeneous —besides Kurdish, the area still features speakers of Arabic, Turkish and Aramaic— the events of the Sayfo during the First World War and the marginalization of non-Muslims in Turkey after the establishment of the Republic, continuing until the 1990s, made that there are very few Christians left in Tur Abdin today. In Ghattas’ early work, the memory of Tur Abdin from before the First World War plays a very important role. Many poems explicitly refer to phenomena in Ghattas’ region of origin, such as the landscape, cities, churches, schools, and persons. -
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RECENT PUBLICATIONS ON SYRIAC TOPICS: 2018* SEBASTIAN P. BROCK, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD GRIGORY KESSEL, AUSTRIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER SERGEY MINOV, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Books Acharya, F., Psalmic Odes from Apostolic Times: An Indian Monk’s Meditation (Bengaluru: ATC Publishers, 2018). Adelman, S., After Saturday Comes Sunday (Piscataway, New Jersey: Gorgias Press, 2018). Alobaidi, T., and Dweik, B., Language Contact and the Syriac Language of the Assyrians in Iraq (Saarbrücken, Germany: Lambert Academic Publishing, 2018). Andrade, N.J., The Journey of Christianity to India in Late Antiquity: Networks and the Movement of Culture (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018). Aravackal, R., The Mystery of the Triple Gradated Church: A Theological Analysis of the Kṯāḇā d-Massqāṯā (Book of Steps) with Particular Reference to the Writing of Aphrahat and John the Solitary (Oriental Institute of Religious Studies India Publications 437; Kottayam, India: Oriental Institute of Religious Studies, 2018). Aydin, G. (ed.), Syriac Hymnal According to the Rite of the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch (Teaneck, New Jersey: Beth Antioch Press / Syriac Music Institute, 2018). Bacall, J., Chaldean Iraqi American Association of Michigan (Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2018). * The list of publications is based on the online Comprehensive Bibliography on Syriac Christianity, supported by the Center for the Study of Christianity at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (http://www.csc.org.il/db/db.aspx?db=SB). Suggested additions and corrections can be sent to: [email protected] 235 236 Bibliographies Barry, S.C., Syriac Medicine and Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq’s Arabic Translation of the Hippocratic Aphorisms (Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement 39; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018). -
The Figure of Joseph the Patriarch in the New Testament and the Early Church
ABSTRACT “Much More Ours Than Yours”: The Figure of Joseph the Patriarch in the New Testament and the Early Church by John Lee Fortner This paper investigates the figure of Joseph the patriarch in early Christian interpretation, demonstrating the importance of such figures in articulating a Christian reading of the history of Israel, and the importance of this reading in the identity formation of early Christianity. The paper also illumines the debt of this Christian reading of Israel’s history to the work of Hellenistic Judaism. The figure of Joseph the patriarch is traced through early Christian interpretation, primarily from the Eastern Church tradition up to the 4th century C.E. The key methodological approach is an analysis of how the early church employed typological, allegorical, and moral exegesis in its construction of Joseph as a “Christian saint of the Old Testament.” A figure who, to borrow Justin Martyr’s phrase, became in the Christian identity “much more ours than yours.” “Much More Ours Than Yours”: The Figure of Joseph the Patriarch in the New Testament and the Early Church A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of History by John Lee Fortner Miami University Oxford, Ohio 2004 Advisor ________________________ Dr. Edwin Yamauchi Reader ________________________ Dr. Charlotte Goldy Reader _________________________ Dr. Wietse de Boer Table of Contents Introduction 1 Early Christian Hermeneutics 1 The Aura of Antiquity 6 Apologetics of Hellenistic Judaism 8 Scope and Purpose of Study 12 1. Joseph in the New Testament 13 Acts 7 14 Heb 11 15 2. -
The Pneumatology of Ephrem the Syrian
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Dissertations, Theses, and Professional Dissertations (2009 -) Projects Fire in the Bread, Life in the Body: The Pneumatology of Ephrem the Syrian David Kiger Marquette University Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Kiger, David, "Fire in the Bread, Life in the Body: The Pneumatology of Ephrem the Syrian" (2020). Dissertations (2009 -). 913. https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/913 FIRE IN THE BREAD, LIFE IN THE BODY: THE PNEUMATOLOGY OF EPHREM THE SYRIAN by David Wesley Kiger, B.C.M, B.Th., M.Div. A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School, Marquette University, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Milwaukee, Wisconsin May 2020 ABSTRACT FIRE IN THE BREAD, LIFE IN THE BODY: THE PNEUMATOLOGY OF EPHREM THE SYRIAN David Wesley Kiger, B.C.M., B.Th., M.Div. Marquette University, 2020 The fourth century debates about the status and personhood of the Son later expanded to reflections on the status and person of the Holy Spirit. In this dissertation I examine the pneumatology of Ephrem the Syrian, who is often over-looked in discussions about fourth century pneumatology. I argue that Ephrem displays a high pneumatology that fits within the broad contours of the pro-Nicene movement. I begin with a discussion of Ephrem’s Syriac heritage and focus on the themes and language surrounding the Holy Spirit in pre-Nicene Syriac texts. Pre-Nicene Syriac authors speak about the Spirit’s role in liturgical practices, often using feminine or maternal language to describe the Spirit’s work. -
The Beggar Chiefs of St. Zaia Nestorian 'Great Deceivers' in South Africa and the Benevolent Empire, C. 1860S-1940S Andrew Macdo
The Beggar Chiefs of St. Zaia Nestorian 'Great Deceivers' in South Africa and the Benevolent Empire, c. 1860s-1940s Andrew MacDonald Postdoctoral Fellow Centre for Indian Studies in Africa, Wits. **Draft ** ◙ O almighty Lord God, examiner of the heart and kidneys, before you my God I worship, and from you I ask for mercy upon this land of Jīlū and its inhabitants, and also upon every man that recounts or every one that writes and hangs upon himself your holy name, almighty Lord God, and my own name, your servant Zaia, and pleads and kneels before you: cause to pass from them, and may there not be in their houses, neither hail nor famine, neither plague nor anger, nor the Angel of Destruction, and neither illness nor disease. Amen. The Prayer of St. Zaia, Jīlū district. Germany is his Diocese! Rev. Perkins, Urmia, 1863 Why did Allah create fools if not for the profit of wise men? Rev. Wigram, Eastern Kurdistan,1922 Yonkers, New York, 1936-38 In front of a 100-strong congregation of Assyrian emigrés at the St. Andrew's Memorial Episcopal Church, the Rev. Emmanuel Awdisho found himself humiliated.1 As the 44-year old priest began to pronounce a Lent benediction, he was interrupted by the entrance of three detectives and the 68-year old Rev. Dr. Marcus George Daniel, of the Assyrian National Church of Philadelphia. The intruders stopped proceedings and took the blessed bread from Awdisho's hands. Daniel accused Awdisho of stealing $1125 from him and of being of religious charlatan who profited from credulous marks. -
«Вестник Мининского Университета» 2016 – № 1-2 Удк 94(479) П.А
УДК 94(479) П.А. АКОПЯН1 1Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского, Нижний Новгород, Российская Федерация АРМЯНСКОЕ ИСТОРИОПИСАНИЕ V–VII ВЕКОВ: СПЕЦИФИКА СТРУКТУРЫ И КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫЕ ПРИЕМЫ ПОВЕСТВОВАНИЯ Аннотация. В статье на материале исторических сочинений первых армянских историков- писателей V–VII вв. поднимается вопрос об особенностях организации текстового пространства армянских «Историй». Делается вывод о том, что в структуре рассмотренных трудов заметен некий общий исторический сценарий, в рамках которого судьба армянского народа ставится в прямую зависимость от их приверженности христианской вере. Показывается, что события армянской действительности позднеантичного времени дали основания для написания двух разных сценариев истории армянского народа: оптимистического и пессимистического. Ключевые слова: армянская христианская историография, Агатангехос, Павстос Бузанд, Егише, Мовсес Хоренаци, Лазарь Парпеци, Себеос, поздняя Античность. P.А. AKOPIAN1 1Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation ARMENIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY OF V–VII CENTURIES: SPECIFICITY OF STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITIONAL TECHNIQUES OF NARRATION Abstract. Focusing on the historical works of the first Armenian historians and writers of V-VII centuries the issue scrutinizes the peculiarities and formula of the textual organization characteristic to the Armenian "Histories". The author concludes that the structures of the works under consideration draw upon somewhat common historical scenario implying the fate of the Armenian people’s instant dependance on their commitment to the Christianity. The author shows that the events of the Armenian late antique history gave grounds for developing of two different blueprints of the Armenian history: the worst-case and the optimistic ones. Keywords: Armenian Christian historical writing, Agathangelos, P’awstos Buzand, Elishe, Ghazar Parpetsi, Moses Khorenats’i, Sebeos, Late Antiquity. -
Nisibis As the Background to the Life of Ephrem the Syrian
Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies, Vol. 8, 179-235 © 2005 [2009] by Beth Mardutho: The Syriac Institute and Gorgias Press NISIBIS AS THE BACKGROUND TO THE LIFE OF EPHREM THE SYRIAN PAUL S. RUSSELL ST. JOSEPH OF ARIMATHEA ANGLICAN THEOLOGICAL COLLEGE ABSTRACT1 This paper is an attempt to collect together what is known about Nisibis before and during the life of Ephrem the Syrian (306-373). It is important to see him against the backdrop of the place that formed him rather than the place in which he spent the final years of his life, so it is to Nisibis that we should turn for insight into Ephrem’s basic thoughts and concerns. I hope that this information may stir readers to reflect on Ephrem as a child of his birthplace and to see him in a slightly different light than before. Even of Nisibis, which was clearly the central place in the eastern part of the Mesopotamian shelf, we have 1 I would like to thank the anonymous readers from Hugoye as well as Dr. Daniel Stoekl Ben Ezra of Hebrew University, Dr. David G. K. Taylor of Oxford University, Dr. James Russell of Harvard University, Adam Becker of New York University, Dr. Mark Dickens of Cambridge University, Dr. Edwin Yamauchi of Miami University of Ohio and Dr. Glen Bowersock of Princeton University for supplying me with information and suggestions that were helpful in filling in gaps and giving a clearer shape to this paper that had been electronically damaged as well as being incomplete. Please accept my apologies if this list is incomplete. -
Zarathushtra's Vision and the Issues of Our Time
FE SUMMER 2001, TABESTAN 1370 YZ Mah Tir-Amardad-Sherevar 1370 YZ (Fasli) Mah Bahman-Asfandarmad 1370, Fravardin 1371 YZ {Shenshai) Mah Asfandarmad 1370, Fravardin-Ardibehesht 1371 YZ (Kadmi) Zarathushtra's Vision and the Issues of Our Time L\VES I. ?U5_ c~- C . o~ THE FEDERATI ON OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA EDITORIAL --Rights-or-Responsibilities?---- ---'Chtfommon values. Isn't it tmly as they are among the larger commu Hear with your ears the remarkable that in the cradle of civi nity in the USA and Canada. Highest Truths I preach, lization (in the area of modern-day And with illumined minds weigh Above all, Zarathushtra was the first them with care, Iran), our prophet Zarathushtra deliv to emphasize harmony between man ered a message that is as fresh and rel Before you choose which of and nature. This is a major issue of two Paths to tread, evant today, as it was when it was the 21st century. Our prophet pro Deciding man by man, given, 3500 years ago? And it never claimed an almost obsessive respect each one for each - ceases to amaze me how many of the for all creation - the elements, the Before the great New Age values and teachings held dear by sun, the earth, fire and the waters. He is ushered in Zarathushtis are the very same ones taught us how to fit into nature's Wake up, alert to spread cherished by Americans cycle. He taught us how to Ahura's word." and Canadians, in today's conserve and value our [Ys. -
Contacts Between Syriac Orthodox and Latin Military Orders
CONTACTS BETWEEN SYRIAC ORTHODOX AND LATIN MILITARY ORDERS DoROTHEA WELTECKE· INTRODUCfION Syriac Orthodox writers have much more to say about the Latins and are more precise in their descriptions than vice versa. But in general Syriac Orthodox and Latins respectively are on the periphery of either perspec tive in the written sources,l In reality, however, Syriac Orthodox and Latins - traders, monks, knights. scribes, physicians, administrators - certainly met in the streets of Jerusalem, Antioch. Acre, Edessa and else where, and mixed on a day-ta-day basis.2 Recent systematic research has shown that the Latins even lived close to Oriental Christians in rural areas of Palestine,) To develop a better understanding of these contacts it seems necessary to focus on intercultural encounters on social strata • I would like to thank Amill Gorgis and Gabriel Rabo for their advice on Syriac Orthodox social structures. For the abbreviations used in the footnotes :-;ee the end of this article. I A. Lilders, Die Krellzzllge in! Um'iI .fy"i.�('h('r und I1rme"i.�cll/'r Que/ll'n (Berlin, 1964); A.D. van den Brincken, Die "Nl1tione.f Chri.wiLIIloJ'llm Orientu/ium" im V('I" standnis del' /u/f'ini.fchl'n Hi.ftOl'iographil', !'Cm d('l' Mifle de.f 12. hi.f in die zwt'ite Hii/fte des /4. Juhrllllndel'l.f, Koiner Historische Abhandlungen, 22 (Cologne. 1973); C. Cahen, "Some New Editions of Oriental Source.<; about Syria in the Time of the Crusades", in Outrl'fl/er: Sflldies in Iht' HLftury uf Ihe Crusading KinRdtJm of Jl'rllsu/em.