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Hydraulic and Mechanical Equipment Design Standards No. 6 Hydraulic and Mechanical Equipment Chapter 11: Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning Systems Phase 4 Final U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation August 2013 Mission Statements The U.S. Department of the Interior protects America’s natural resources and heritage, honors our cultures and tribal communities, and supplies the energy to power our future. The mission of the Bureau of Reclamation is to manage, develop, and protect water and related resources in an environmentally and economically sound manner in the interest of the American public. Design Standards Signature Sheet Design Standards No. 6 Hydraulic and Mechanical Equipment DS-6(11): Phase 4 Final August 2013 Chapter 11: Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning Systems Foreword Purpose The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) design standards present technical requirements and processes to enable design professionals to prepare design documents and reports necessary to manage, develop, and protect water and related resources in an environmentally and economically sound manner in the interest of the American public. Compliance with these design standards assists in the development and improvement of Reclamation facilities in a way that protects the public's health, safety, and welfare; recognizes needs of all stakeholders; and achieves lasting value and functionality necessary for Reclamation facilities. Responsible designers accomplish this goal through compliance with these design standards and all other applicable technical codes, as well as incorporation of the stakeholders’ vision and values, that are then reflected in the constructed facilities. Application of Design Standards Reclamation design activities, whether performed by Reclamation or by a non-Reclamation entity, must be performed in accordance with established Reclamation design criteria and standards, and approved national design standards, if applicable. Exceptions to this requirement shall be in accordance with provisions of Reclamation Manual Policy, Performing Design and Construction Activities, FAC P03. In addition to these design standards, designers shall integrate sound engineering judgment, applicable national codes and design standards, site-specific technical considerations, and project-specific considerations to ensure suitable designs are produced that protect the public's investment and safety. Designers shall use the most current edition of national codes and design standards consistent with Reclamation design standards. Reclamation design standards may include exceptions to requirements of national codes and design standards. Proposed Revisions Reclamation designers should inform the Technical Service Center (TSC), via Reclamation’s Design Standards Website notification procedure, of any recommended updates or changes to Reclamation design standards to meet current and/or improved design practices. Chapter Signature Sheet Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center Design Standards No. 6 Hydraulic and Mechanical Equipment Chapter 11: Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning Systems DS-6(11):1 Phase 4 Final August 2013 1 DS-6(11) refers to Design Standards No. 6, chapter 11. Prepa d by: chael Weems chanicai Engineer, echanical Equipment Group, 86-68410 k Dawson, Date hanical Engineer, Mechanical EquipmentGroup, 86-68410 Peer Review: William M traw, P.E. Date Manager, Mechanical Equipm nt Group, 86-68410 Security Review: David Hulse Mechanical Engineer, Hydraulic Equipment Group, 86-68420 Submitted: George Girgis, RE Date Chief, Infrastructure Services Division, 86-68400 Approved: / Tom Luebke, RE. Director, Technical Service Center Contents Page Chapter 11: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Systems 11.1 Scope of Chapter............................................................................ 11-1 11.2 General Considerations.................................................................. 11-1 11.2.1 Codes and Standards...................................................... 11-1 11.3 Levels of Design ............................................................................ 11-3 11.3.1 Appraisal Level .............................................................. 11-4 11.3.1.1 General......................................................... 11-4 11.3.1.2 Equipment Sizing and Selection .................. 11-4 11.3.1.3 Construction Documents .............................. 11-4 11.3.2 Feasibility Level............................................................. 11-5 11.3.2.1 General......................................................... 11-5 11.3.2.2 Equipment Sizing and Selection .................. 11-5 11.3.2.3 Construction Documents .............................. 11-6 11.3.3 Final Design................................................................... 11-6 11.3.3.1 General......................................................... 11-6 11.3.3.2 Equipment Sizing and Selection .................. 11-6 11.3.3.3 Construction Documents .............................. 11-7 11.4 Submission Requirements .............................................................. 11-8 11.4.1 Drawings........................................................................ 11-8 11.4.1.1 Drawing Size................................................ 11-8 11.4.1.2 Drawing Lettering........................................ 11-8 11.4.1.3 Drawing Scale.............................................. 11-8 11.4.1.4 Computer-Aided Design Standards ............. 11-9 11.5 Design Criteria............................................................................... 11-9 11.5.1 Outdoor Design Criteria................................................. 11-9 11.5.2 Indoor Design Criteria ................................................... 11-9 11.5.2.1 Indoor Design Temperatures and Relative Humidity ................................................... 11-9 11.5.2.2 Limitation of Supply Air Temperature ...... 11-10 11.5.2.3 Indoor Air Quality...................................... 11-10 11.5.2.4 Occupancy Levels...................................... 11-10 11.5.2.5 Equipment Power Densities ....................... 11-11 11.5.2.6 Lighting Power Densities........................... 11-11 11.5.2.7 Acoustical Design Criteria......................... 11-11 11.5.3 HVAC Loads Calculations .......................................... 11-11 11.5.3.1 Energy Calculations................................... 11-12 11.5.3.2 Load Calculations and Weather Conditions ............................................... 11-13 11.5.4 HVAC System Controls ............................................... 11-13 11.5.4.1 General Considerations.............................. 11-13 11.5.4.2 Energy Management and Conservation ..... 11-13 DS-6(11) August 2013 11-i Contents (continued) Page 11.5.4.3 Heating....................................................... 11-14 11.5.4.4 Cooling....................................................... 11-15 11.5.4.5 Fan Economizer Systems ........................... 11-15 11.6 Building Types............................................................................. 11-15 11.6.1 Office Buildings........................................................... 11-15 11.6.1.1 Design Considerations ............................... 11-15 11.6.1.2 Building Automation System ..................... 11-15 11.6.1.3 Building Pressurization.............................. 11-15 11.6.1.4 Indoor Air Quality...................................... 11-16 11.6.1.5 Thermostatic Zoning Design Criteria ........ 11-16 11.6.2 Power Plants, Pumping Plants, and Water Treatment Plants......................................................................... 11-16 11.6.2.1 Design Considerations ............................... 11-16 11.6.2.2 Special Environmental Conditions ............ 11-16 11.6.2.3 Redundant Systems or Equipment ............. 11-17 11.6.2.4 Basic HVAC Scheme ................................. 11-17 11.6.3 Prefabricated Control Buildings .................................. 11-18 11.6.3.1 General....................................................... 11-18 11.6.4 Confined Spaces: Gate Chambers, Tunnels, Shafts, Vaults, and Underground Structures......................... 11-18 11.6.4.1 General....................................................... 11-18 11.6.4.2 Air Quality Standards ................................ 11-19 11.6.5 Enclosed Stairwells and Elevator Shafts...................... 11-19 11.6.5.1 Ventilation.................................................. 11-19 11.6.5.2 Pressurization............................................. 11-20 11.7 Smoke Exhaust ............................................................................. 11-20 11.8 Service Space Requirements ........................................................ 11-20 11.8.1 Service Access ............................................................. 11-20 11.8.2 Roof-Mounted Equipment ........................................... 11-21 11.8.3 Equipment Pads ........................................................... 11-21 11.9 Specific Space Criteria................................................................. 11-21 11.9.1 Mechanical Rooms....................................................... 11-21 11.9.2 Chiller Equipment Rooms ............................................ 11-22 11.9.3 Electrical Equipment Rooms ....................................... 11-22 11.9.4 Fire Pump Rooms ........................................................ 11-22 11.9.5 Communications Closets ............................................
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