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Schwab's Fraud Encyclopedia
Fraud Encyclopedia Updated June 2018 Contents Introduction . 3 Scams . 26 How to use this Fraud Encyclopedia . 3 1 . Properties . 28 2. Romance/marriage/sweetheart/catfishing . 28 Email account takeover . 4 3 . Investments/goods/services . .. 29 1 . Emotion . 7 4 . Prizes/lotteries . 29 2 . Unavailability . 7 5 . IRS . 30 3 . Fee inquiries . 8 6 . Payments . 30 4 . Attachments . 9 Other cybercrime techniques . 31 5 . International wires . 10 1 . Malware . 33 6 . Language cues . 10 2 . Wi-Fi connection interception . 34 7 . Business email compromise . 11 3 . Data breaches . 35 Client impersonation and identity theft . 12 4 . Credential replay incident (CRI) . 37 1 . Social engineering . 14 5 . Account online compromise/takeover . 37 2. Shoulder surfing . 14 6 . Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack . 38 3. Spoofing . 15 Your fraud checklist . 39 4 . Call forwarding and porting . 16 Email scrutiny . 39 5 . New account fraud . 16 Verbally confirming client requests . 40 Identical or first-party disbursements . 17 Safe cyber practices . 41 1 . MoneyLink fraud . 19 What to do if fraud is suspected . 42 2 . Wire fraud . .. 19 Schwab Advisor Center® alerts . 43 3 . Check fraud . 20 4 . Transfer of account (TOA) fraud . 20 Phishing . 21 1 . Spear phishing . 23 2 . Whaling . .. 24 3 . Clone phishing . 24 4 . Social media phishing . 25 CONTENTS | 2 Introduction With advances in technology, we are more interconnected than ever . But we’re also more vulnerable . Criminals can exploit the connectivity of our world and use it to their advantage—acting anonymously How to use this to perpetrate fraud in a variety of ways . Fraud Encyclopedia Knowledge and awareness can help you protect your firm and clients and guard against cybercrime. -
Clickjacking
Security Now! Transcript of Episode #168 Page 1 of 18 Transcript of Episode #168 ClickJacking Description: Steve and Leo discuss yet another challenge to surfing safely in the web world: Known as "ClickJacking," or more formally as "UI Redressing," this class of newly popular threats tricks web users into performing web-based actions they don't intend by leading them to believe they are doing something else entirely. High quality (64 kbps) mp3 audio file URL: http://media.GRC.com/sn/SN-168.mp3 Quarter size (16 kbps) mp3 audio file URL: http://media.GRC.com/sn/sn-168-lq.mp3 INTRO: Netcasts you love, from people you trust. This is TWiT. Leo Laporte: Bandwidth for Security Now! is provided by AOL Radio at AOL.com/podcasting. This is Security Now! with Steve Gibson, Episode 168 for October 30, 2008: Clickjacking. It's time for Security Now!, the show where we cover everything you'd ever want to know about security. And we do it with a guy who is the king, really, as far as I'm concerned, the man who discovered spyware, named spyware, wrote some of the most used security utilities out there, including ShieldsUP!, Mr. Steve Gibson of GRC.com. Hi, Steve. Steve Gibson: Yes, in fact sometimes we're discussing things that you'd rather wish weren't the case. I mean... Leo: Well, lately it's been kind of bleak because it's like, there's bad stuff, and there doesn't really seem like there's any cure. Steve: Yes, that's true. -
Willing to Be Scammed: How Self-Control Impacts Internet Scam Compliance
Running head: Willing to be scammed: how self-control impacts Internet scam compliance Willing to be scammed: How self-control impacts Internet scam compliance Submitted by David Modic to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology In September 2012 This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature: ………………………………………………………….. 2 WILLING TO BE SCAMMED WILLING TO BE SCAMMED 3 Abstract At any given moment in time, there are people complying with fraudulent requests (i.e. scams) on the Internet. While the incidence rates are low (between five and ten percent of the population becoming victims on a yearly basis), the financial and emotional consequences can be high. In this Thesis we composed a unified theory of which factors made individuals more likely to comply with scams and what psychological mechanisms are unwittingly employed by con-men to make their (illegitimate marketing) offers more enticing. The strongest overall predictor of scam compliance (i.e. the extent to which an individual is likely to comply with fraudulent requests) was the level of self-control, regardless of the observed stage of a scam. On the basis of previous research, we postulated and have empirically shown that falling for a scam is a 3-stage process (i.e. -
A Semi-Automated Security Advisory System to Resist Cyber-Attack in Social Networks
A Semi-Automated Security Advisory System to Resist Cyber-attack in Social Networks Samar Muslah Albladi and George R S Weir University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, UK {samar.albladi; george.weir}@strath.ac.uk Abstract. Social networking sites often witness various types of social engi- neering (SE) attacks. Yet, limited research has addressed the most severe types of social engineering in social networks (SNs). The present study in- vestigates the extent to which people respond differently to different types of attack in a social network context and how we can segment users based on their vulnerability. In turn, this leads to the prospect of a personalised security advisory system. 316 participants have completed an online-ques- tionnaire that includes a scenario-based experiment. The study result re- veals that people respond to cyber-attacks differently based on their de- mographics. Furthermore, people’s competence, social network experience, and their limited connections with strangers in social networks can decrease their likelihood of falling victim to some types of attacks more than others. Keywords: Advisory System, Social Engineering, Social Networks. 1 Introduction Individuals and organisations are becoming increasingly dependent on working with computers, accessing the World Wide Web and, more importantly, sharing data through virtual communication. This makes cyber-security one of today’s greatest issues. Pro- tecting people and organisations from being targeted by cybercriminals is becoming a priority for industry and academia [1]. This is due to the huge potential damage that could be associated with losing valuable data and documents in such attacks. Previous research focuses on identifying factors that influence people’s vulnerability to cyber-attack [2] as the human has been characterised as the weakest link in infor- mation security research. -
Financial Fraud and Internet Banking: Threats and Countermeasures
Report Financial Fraud and Internet Banking: Threats and Countermeasures By François Paget, McAfee® Avert® Labs Report Financial Fraud and Internet Banking: Threats and Countermeasures Table of Contents Some Figures 3 U.S. Federal Trade Commission Statistics 3 CyberSource 4 Internet Crime Complaint Center 4 In Europe 5 The Many Faces of Fraud 6 Small- and large-scale identity theft 7 Carding and skimming 8 Phishing and pharming 8 Crimeware 9 Money laundering 10 Mules 10 Virtual casinos 11 Pump and dump 12 Nigerian advance fee fraud (419 fraud) 12 Auctions 14 Online shopping 16 Anonymous payment methods 17 Protective Measures 18 Scoring 18 Europay, MasterCard, and Visa (EMV) standard 18 PCI-DSS 19 Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Secured Layer (TLS) protocols 19 SSL extended validation 20 3-D Secure technology 21 Strong authentication and one-time password devices 22 Knowledge-based authentication 23 Email authentication 23 Conclusion 24 About McAfee, Inc. 26 Report Financial Fraud and Internet Banking: Threats and Countermeasures Financial fraud has many faces. Whether it involves swindling, debit or credit card fraud, real estate fraud, drug trafficking, identity theft, deceptive telemarketing, or money laundering, the goal of cybercriminals is to make as much money as possible within a short time and to do so inconspicuously. This paper will introduce you to an array of threats facing banks and their customers. It includes some statistics and descriptions of solutions that should give readers—whether they are responsible for security in a financial organization or a customer—an overview of the current situation. Some Figures U.S. -
United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts
Case 1:09-cv-12146-GAO Document 108 Filed 08/03/11 Page 1 of 71 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS TIMOTHY W. HILL, et al., ) Plaintiffs, ) ) v. ) Master Docket No. 09cv12146-NG ) STATE STREET CORPORATION, et al., ) Defendants. ) GERTNER, D.J.: TABLE OF CONTENTS MEMORANDUM AND ORDER RE: MOTIONS TO DISMISS SECURITIES ACTION AND ERISA ACTION August 3, 2011 I. BACKGROUND ...................................................... -3- A. FX Practice .............................................. -3- B. The Over-Charge.......................................... -5- C. Conduits & Investment Portfolio .............................. -6- D. June Stock Offering........................................ -8- E. Market Crash and State Street Losses......................... -10- F. California Attorney General's Action and Press Release .......... -12- G. The State Street Corporation Salary Savings Plan & ERISA ....... -13- H. Instant Litigation ......................................... -15- II. DISCUSSION ....................................................... -15- A. Exchange Act............................................ -15- B. Heightened Pleading Requirements........................... -16- C. Foreign Exchange (FX) Practice............................. -17- 1. Plausible and Particularized Allegations of Fraud and False and Misleading Statements ..................... -19- a. Contractual Obligation............. -20- b. Plausible Theory of Fraud.......... -21- c. Evidentiary Sources............... -24- 2. Materiality ................................. -
FINANCIAL CRIME DIGEST July 2020
FINANCIAL CRIME DIGEST July 2020 Diligent analysis. Powering business.™ aperio-intelligence.com FINANCIAL CRIME DIGEST | JULY 2020 ISSN: 2632-8364 About Us Founded in 2014, Aperio Intelligence is a specialist, independent corporate intelligence frm, headquartered in London. Collectively our team has decades of experience in undertaking complex investigations and intelligence analysis. We speak over twenty languages in- house, including all major European languages, as well as Russian, Arabic, Farsi, Mandarin and Cantonese. We have completed more than 3,000 assignments over the last three years, involving some 150 territories. Our client base includes a broad range of leading international fnancial institutions, law frms and multinationals. Our role is to help identify and understand fnancial crime, contacts, cultivated over decades, who support us regularly integrity and reputational risks, which can arise from a lack in undertaking local enquiries on a confdential and discreet of knowledge of counterparties or local jurisdictions, basis. As a specialist provider of corporate intelligence, we enabling our clients to make better informed decisions. source information and undertake research to the highest legal and ethical standards. Our independence means we Our due diligence practice helps clients comply with anti- avoid potential conficts of interest that can affect larger bribery and corruption, anti-money laundering and other organisations. relevant fnancial crime legislation, such as sanctions compliance, or the evaluation of tax evasion or sanctions We work on a “Client First” basis, founded on a strong risks. Our services support the on-boarding, periodic or commitment to quality control, confdentiality and respect retrospective review of clients or third parties. for time constraints. -
Clickjacking: Attacks and Defenses
Clickjacking: Attacks and Defenses Lin-Shung Huang Alex Moshchuk Helen J. Wang Carnegie Mellon University Microsoft Research Microsoft Research [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Stuart Schechter Collin Jackson Microsoft Research Carnegie Mellon University [email protected] [email protected] Abstract such as a “claim your free iPad” button. Hence, when Clickjacking attacks are an emerging threat on the web. the user “claims” a free iPad, a story appears in the user’s In this paper, we design new clickjacking attack variants Facebook friends’ news feed stating that she “likes” the using existing techniques and demonstrate that existing attacker web site. For ease of exposition, our description clickjacking defenses are insufficient. Our attacks show will be in the context of web browsers. Nevertheless, the that clickjacking can cause severe damages, including concepts and techniques described are generally applica- compromising a user’s private webcam, email or other ble to all client operating systems where display is shared private data, and web surfing anonymity. by mutually distrusting principals. We observe the root cause of clickjacking is that an Several clickjacking defenses have been proposed and attacker application presents a sensitive UI element of a deployed for web browsers, but all have shortcomings. target application out of context to a user (such as hiding Today’s most widely deployed defenses rely on frame- the sensitive UI by making it transparent), and hence the busting [21, 37], which disallows a sensitive page from user is tricked to act out of context. To address this root being framed (i.e., embedded within another web page). -
A Case Study on Clickjacking Attack and Location Leakage
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 7, July-2014 190 ISSN 2229-5518 A Case Study on Clickjacking Attack and Location Leakage Lim Chin Nei, Loo Yow Cherng, Manmeet Mahinderjit Singh Abstract— The advanced in technologies such as mobile devices, GSP, WIFI, and 3G has encourage the information sharing using social media. The large amount of information shared on social media often lead to security issues which are unaware by the users. This information may include sensitive information such as a person’s name, location, relationship status and many more and can be dangerous if is put in a wrong hand. In this research, we provide a review on the type of social media ad what are the current threat in social media. We then focus on two specific threat namely clickjacking and location leakage, and proposed a solution for each of it as well as the evaluation of the solution. Index Terms—Security; Social media; Attack; Defense Machine, Clickjacking, Location leakage —————————— —————————— 1 INTRODUCTION This rapid shift of technologies in this era of informa- media. With this large amount of information shared online, tion and communication has dramatically boosted the usage the social media actually has become a perfect platform for of the social media. With the advanced in technologies such hackers to find their victims. The information shared using as smart mobile devices, GPS, WIFI, and 3G services, user social media often contain sensitive and private information were able to connect to the internet regardless of time and which can be easily compromised by the hackers. -
Catfishing”: a Comparative Analysis of U.S
“CATFISHING”: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF U.S. V. CANADIAN CATFISHING LAWS & THEIR LIMITATIONS Antonella Santi* I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 75 II. BACKGROUND .................................................................................... 78 A. Catfishing– what is it? ...................................................................... 78 B. Harms of Catfishing .......................................................................... 78 C. Why do Perpetrators Catfish? ........................................................... 81 1. Loneliness ................................................................................ 81 2. Dissatisfaction with Physical Appearance ............................... 81 3. Sexuality and Gender Identity .................................................. 82 D. The Victim: Who Succumbs to Catfishing Schemes? ...................... 82 E. Society’s Contribution to Catfishing ................................................. 83 III. U.S. ANTI-CATFISHING LAWS ........................................................ 85 A. Federal Law ...................................................................................... 85 1. The Federal Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act of 1998 ............................................................................................... 85 2. The Interstate Communications Act ......................................... 85 3. The Federal Interstate Stalking Punishment and Prevention Act ...................................................................................................... -
The SEON Online Fraud Dictionary - 2021 Edition
EBOOK The SEON Online Fraud Dictionary - 2021 Edition SEON Technologies Ltd. [email protected] seon.io +44 20 8089 2900 1 The SEON Online Fraud Dictionary - 2021 Edition The SEON Online Fraud Dictionary - 2021 Edition All the analysts agree: online fraud is going to increase in the upcoming years. And at SEON, our job is both to fight it, and to help companies prepare against attacks. This is why we wanted to compile a list of all the useful terms you might need to understand, prevent, and combat fraud. The vocabulary of online security and cybercrime evolves fast, and it’s important to keep up with the latest terms. But it’s also important to know the basics if this is your first entry into the world of cybercrime. We’ve compiled a list of both in this dictionary. 2 The SEON Online Fraud Dictionary - 2021 Edition 2FA Stands for 2-factor authentication. When a user wants to access a website or app, they need to provide a single piece of authentication (SFA) in the form of a password. Adding another method is called 2-factor authentication, and it improves security. You will also hear the name multi-factor authentication. Authentication factors can include facial scans, ID cards, SMS confirmations, security tokens, or biometric fingerprints, amongst others. According to Google, 2FA helps reduce 66% of targeted attacks, and 99% of bulk phishing attacks. 3D Secure A security protocol designed for online credit and debit card transactions. It is designed as an additional password validated by the issuer, which helps transfer liability to the customer in case of fraud. -
Copyrighted Material
1 The Many Faces of Evil Online Human wickedness is sometimes the product of a sort of conscious leeringly evil intent… But more usually it is the product of a semi‐deliberate inattention, in a swooning relationship to time. Iris Murdoch1 1.1 Introduction In May 2008, hackers bombarded the website of the Epilepsy Foundation of America with hundreds of pictures and links. The site provides advice, news on scientific research and contacts for people who suffer from epilepsy. People who suffer from epileptic seizures have to manage their condition carefully and need regular checkups and medical advice. Epilepsy patients often take precautionary mea- sures to deal with situations where they may be incapacitated and unable to act. Some patients suffer from what is called “photosensitive epilepsy,” which means that flickering and flashing images may trigger epileptic seizures. The hackers who attacked the Landover site exploited a security flaw and inserted links to pages with rapidly flashing images. These images were perceived inadvertently by epilepsy patients who were looking for medical information on the website and triggered severe migraines and near‐seizure reactions in some site visitors. “They were out to create seizures,” said Ken Lowenberg, senior director of web and print publishing for the COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL 1 Iris Murdoch, The Black Prince, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1973, p. 189. Evil Online, First Edition. Dean Cocking and Jeroen van den Hoven. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Published 2018 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 0003386160.indd 1 3/6/2018 6:46:20 AM 2 The Many Faces of Evil Online foundation.2 The hackers did not seem to be interested in money or in control over the victim’s computer; they just wanted to create this impact on vulnerable people.