DOI: http://doi.org/10.18941/venus.77.1-4_51 Short Notes ©The Malacological Society of Japan51

Nomenclatural Notes on Liotina Fischer, 1885 and Liotinidae Nomura, 1932 (Gastropoda: Trochoidea)

Leo J. van Gemert Couwenhoven 5519, 3703 EV Zeist, the Netherlands; [email protected]

The trochoidean gastropod family Liotiidae Gray, [sic.], Defr. [= Delphinula gervillei [sic.] Defrance, 1850 and its type genus Liotia Gray, 1842 are well 1818]”. Since then, the species name of the type established (e.g., Bouchet et al., 2017: 142), but this species had spelled either as “gervillei” (e.g., raises a question about the status of the overlooked Fischer, 1885; Cossmann, 1888, 1918; Cossmann family name Liotinidae Nomura, 1932 with the type & Pissarro, 1900; Higo et al., 1999; Maxwell, genus Liotina Fischer, 1885. My critical literature 1978) or “gervillii” (e.g., Deshayes, 1864; Pacaud survey found a need to amend the authorship of the & Ledon, 2016). However, confusion in the spelling genus name Liotina and the spelling of its type taxon remains unresolved until today. Although the as well as to discuss the availability of the family species name was originally given as “gervilii” by name Liotinidae from the nomenclatural point of Defrance (1818: 544), it was apparently named view, as given in the following lines. after the French naturalist Charles de Gerville, as stated in the text as “Dauphinule de Gerville Liotina Fischer, 1885 [= Delphinula of Gerville]”, and corresponds to “a Liotina is an available and widely accepted spelling that must be corrected” (incorrect original generic or subgeneric name of the family Liotiidae spelling: ICZN Art. 32.5). It was common practice Gray, 1850, and its authorship has usually been in that period to apply the Latinized name of a attributed to “Munier-Chalmas (1877)” in taxonomic personal name as articulated in ICZN Art. 31.1.1 literature (e.g., Fischer, 1885; Tryon, 1888; (e.g., Welter-Schultes, 2012), here Gervillianus, Cossmann, 1888, 1918). This interpretation of the when naming a species after him. Consequently, authorship was probably ascribed to Fischer (1885: the species name gervillii (with double ‘l’, as in 851). He adopted the name Liotina as a subgenus Gerville) is regarded as the correct original spelling, [s. g. = sous-genre] of Liotia Gray, 1842, and used and the type species of Liotina Fischer, 1885 should it with “Munier-Chalmas, 1877” as its authorship. be represented as Delphinula gervillii Defrance, My close investigation of literature, however, has 1818. The spelling gervillei widely used in many resulted in the conclusion that the name Liotina had workers such as Fischer (1885), Cossmann (1888), not appeared in any prior publication by Munier- and others (e.g., Cossmann & Pissarro, 1900; Higo Chalmas, suggesting Munier-Chalmas is not the et al., 1999; Maxwell, 1978) are thus unavailable author of the nominal taxon. This is endorsed by as of the incorrect subsequent spelling (ICZN Art. Munier-Chalmas (1903) who compiled his own 33.3). works, including a list of introduced genera of Gastropoda (p. 42), where the name Liotina is not Liotinidae Nomura, 1932 included. It is therefore concluded that the author Nomura (1932: 100) introduced Liotinidae as a of the name Liotina is Fischer (1885) who first family-group taxon, without indicating that it is a gave a formal description of the taxon, and listed new nominal taxon, in his molluscan catalogue of available species names in combination with it the Holocene fossil assemblages found from “raised [two nominal species, Liotia (Liotina) gervillei beach deposits” in Kanto Region, central Japan. Defrance and Liotia (Liotina) australis Kiener, Since then, this name has been overlooked by most were mentioned but the type species was not authors until today: the name was not mentioned in designated], satisfying the International Code of recent comprehensive nomenclatural revisions of the Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) Art. 12, for names gastropod families (Bouchet et al., 2005; Bouchet et published before 1931 (International Commission al., 2017). The only exceptional use of the nominal on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999). taxon Liotinidae was seen in Sasaki (2017: 78, 716, The type species of the (sub)genus-group name 763–764), but it is hard to interpret whether the Liotina was subsequently designated by Cossmann name was intentionally attributed to Nomura (1932) (1888: 49) by clearly stating “Type: L. Gervillei or was just a misspelling of Liotiidae, because 52 VENUS 77 (1–4), 2019 of the lack of author and year of the taxon name. Cossmann, M. M. 1918. Essais de paléoconchologie It is also uncertain whether the name Liotinidae comparée. Onzième livraison. 388 pp. + 11 Nomura, 1932 was intentionally proposed because pls. Paris. (in French) it included the genera “Liotina Fischer, 1885” and Cossmann, M. M. & Pissarro, G. 1900. Faune éocénique du Cotentin (mollusques). Bulletin “Liotia Gray, 1847 [sic.: = 1842]”; the latter already de la société gèologique de Normandie 19: been selected as the type genus of another family- 3–295 + 32 pls + i–vii. (in French) group taxon Liotiidae (or Liotiinae) at that time. Defrance, J.-L. M. 1818. Dauphinule. (Foss.). In: Furthermore, Nomura’s (1932) designation did not Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles. Volume fulfill the condition of ICZN Art. 13.1, because it 12. Crit-Daz., pp. 544–564. Levrault, F.G. & le was accompanied neither by a description/definition Mormant, Strasbourg and Paris. (in French) that states in words how to differentiate the Deshayes, G.-P. 1861–1864. Description des taxon nor a bibliographic reference to a published animaux sans vertèbres découverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplément à la statement. Nevertheless, Liotinidae Nomura, 1932 description des coquilles fossiles des environs can be regarded as an available family-group name de Paris, comprenant une revue générale de under ICZN Art. 13.2.1 stating that “A family-group toutes les espèces actuellement connues, Tome name first published after 1930 and before 1961 2. Texte. Mollusques Acéphales Monomyaires et which does not satisfy the provisions of Article 13.1 Brachiopodes Mollusques céphalés. Première is available from its original publication only if it Partie. 968 pp. [1861: 1–432, pls 1–26; 1862: was used as valid before 2000, and also was not 433–640, pls 27–39; 1863: 641–920, pls 40–62; 1864: 921–968] Paris, Baillière. (in French) rejected by an author who, after 1960 and before Fischer, P. 1880–1887. Manuel de conchyliologie et 2000, expressly applied Article 13 of the then de paleontology conchyliologique ou histoire current editions of the Code”. naturelle des mollusques vivantes et fossils. pp. The name Liotinidae was used as valid by xxiv + 1187, 1335–1369, pls I-XXIII [1880: Nomura & Zinbô (1934: 148) and, as far as I can 1–112; 1881: 113–304; 1882: 305–416; 1883: find, was never rejected by any author before 2000. 417–608; 1884: 609–688; 1885: 689–896; On the other hand, the older, available family name 1886: 897–1008; 1887: 1009–1369] [Appendix: Liotiidae Gray, 1850 has been widely accepted P. Oehlert, Brachiopodes, 1189–1334] Paris, Librairie F. Savy. (in French) in the current taxonomy to include these genera Higo, Y., Callomon, P. & Gotô, Y. 1999. Catalogue (e.g., Bouchet et al., 2005; Bouchet et al., 2017). and Bibliography of the Marine Shell-Bearing Consequently, Liotinidae Nomura, 1932 becomes a Mollusca of Japan. Gastropoda, Bivalvia, junior synonym of Liotiidae Gray, 1850. Polyplacophora, Scaphopoda. 749 pp. + 5 maps. Elle Scientific Publications, Osaka, Acknowledgements: The comments of the Japan. anonymous reviewers and the editor are gratefully International Comission on Zoological Nomenclature acknowledged. 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Fourth Edition. 306 pp. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, References London, UK. Maxwell, P. A. 1978. Taxonomic and nomenclatural Bouchet, P., Rocroi, J.-P., Frýda, J., Hausdorf, B., notes on some New Zealand Cenozoic Ponder, W., Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. 2005. Mollusca, with descriptions of new taxa. New Classification and nomenclator of gastropod Zealand Journal of Zoology 5: 15–46. families. Malacologia 47: 1–397. Munier-Chalmas [= Munier, C.-P.-E.] 1903. Notice Bouchet, P., Rocroi, J.-P., Hausdorf, B., Kaim, A., sur les titres et travaux scientifiques de M. Kano, Y., Nützel, A., Parkhaev, P., Schrödl, M. Munier-Chalmas. 119 pp. Lille, Le Bigot & Strong, E. E. 2017. Revised classification, frères. (in French) nomenclator and typification of gastropod and Nomura, S. 1932. Mollusca from the raised beach monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61: deposits of the Kwantô region. Science Reports 1–526. of the Tohoku Imperial University, 2nd series, Cossmann, M. M. 1888. Catalogue illustré des Geology 15: 65–141 + pl. X(i) [ = a map]. coquilles fossils de l’Éocène des environs de Nomura, S. & Zinbô, N. 1934. Marine Mollusca Paris. Annales de la Société royale from the “Ryûkyû limestone” of Kikai-Zima, malacologique de Belgique 23: 1–324, pls Ryûkyû group. Science Reports of the Tohoku 1–12. (in French) Imperial University, 2nd series, Geology 16: Short Notes 53

109–146 + pl. V(I). 要 約 Pacaud, J.-M. & Ledon, D. 2016. Révision des mollusques de l Éocène de Blaye (Gironde). . ’ 6 ニシキウズ上科の科名義タクソン Liotiidae Gray, Description d’une espèce nouvelle de Liotiidae (Gastropoda, Vetigastropoda). Bulletin de la 1850（ヒメカタベ科）とそのタイプ属 Liotia Gray, Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux, 151, nouv. 1842 は 広 く 認 め ら れ て い る が，一 方 で Liotina série 44: 425–436. (in French) Fischer, 1885 に 基 づ い た 名 義 タ ク ソ ン で あ る Sasaki, T. 2017. Family Liotinidae. In: T. Okutani Liotinidae Nomura, 1932 はこれまで見過ごされてき (ed.), Marine Mollusks in Japan, Second Edition, pp. 78, 716, 763–764. Tokai University た。 Press, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan. Liotina Fischer, 1885 はヒメカタベ科の有効名で Tryon, G. W. Jr. 1888. Monograph of the Families あるが，多くの文献においてその著者は Munier- Neritidae, Neritopsidae, Adeorbiidae, Cyclostrematidae, and Liotiidae. In: Tryon, G. Chalmas（1877）とされていた。しかし，今回文献 W. Jr. & Pilsbry. H. A. (eds), Manual of を精査した結果，Munier-Chalmas のいずれの著作 Conchology; Structural and Systematic with にも Liotina の属名は現れず，Fischer（1885）に Illustrations of the Species, vol. X, Part 1, pp. よって初めて（Liotia の亜属として）正式に導入さ 3–160. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, USA. れたことが明らかになった。Fischer（1885）はこ Welter-Schultes, F. W. 2012. Guidelines for the の属に Liotia（Liotina）gervillei Defrance と Liotia Capture and Management of Digital Zoological （Liotina）australis Kiener の 2 名義種を含めている Names Information. Version 1.1, released on March 2013. Copenhagen: Global Biodiversity が，タイプ種は指定していなかった。タイプ種は Information Facility, 126 pp, ISBN: 87-92020- Cossmann（1888）によって“L. Gervillei”が後指 44-5, accessible online at http://www.gbif.org/ 定された。この種名は当初Defrance（1818）によっ document/80625. て“gervilii”とされ，その後様々に異なった綴り (Accepted January 16, 2019) で用いられたが，フランスのナチュラリスト Charles de Gerville に因んだもので，命名規約に則 Postscript: り，ラテン語化された人名“Gervillianus”に基づ Just before the printing of the present article, a き“gervillii”が 正 し い 綴 り と な る。従 っ て， publication by Pacaud et al. (2017) was noticed, in Liotina のタイプ種は Delphinula gervillii Defrance, which the same argumentation was made with the 1818 とするべきである。 conclusion that the correct epithet of Delphinula Liotinidae Nomura, 1932 は関東地方の完新世隆起 gervillii Defrance, 1818 is “gervillii”. 海浜堆積物の軟体動物リストの中に初めて現れた Additional reference もので，記載やタイプ種の指定が伴っていないこ Pacaud, J.-M., Treguier, J. & Prugneaux, V. 2017. とのみならず，新名義タクサであることも示され Redécouverte du matériel type porte-nom ていない。これまでほとんどの文献で見逃されて original des espèces Delphinula warnii いたが，近年東海大出版会の日本近海産貝類図鑑 Defrance, 1818 et Delphinula gervillii Defrance, 1818 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Liotiidae). の第二版（Sasaki, 2017）の中で用いられている。 Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux しかし，いずれのケースも著者と年が伴っていな 152, nouv. série 45: 427–436. (in French) いために，Liotiidae の綴り間違いの可能性も否定 できない（同図鑑の目次では“Liotididae＂ となって いる）。いずれにしても，Liotinidae は Nomura & Liotina Fischer, 1885 と Liotinidae Zinbô（1934）のリストの中でも用いられているこ とから，命名規約の条 13 により適格と判断される Nomura, 1932 についての が，Liotiidae Gray, 1850 の主観新参異名となる。 命名規約上の注解

Leo J. van Gemert