Report Visit of the Honourable Peter Milliken, M.P., Speaker of the House of Commons, and a Parliamentary Delegation, to Finland
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Report Visit of the Honourable Peter Milliken, M.P., Speaker of the House of Commons, and a Parliamentary Delegation, to Finland May 18 to 22, 2009 The Honourable Peter Milliken, M.P., Speaker of the House of Commons, and a delegation of members of Parliament visited Finland from May 18 to 22, 2009. The delegation has the honour of presenting its Report The official delegation, led by Speaker Milliken, was composed of the following members: The Honourable Peter Milliken, M.P., Speaker of the House of Commons The Honourable Lawrence MacAulay, P.C., M.P.; Mr. Michel Guimond, M.P.; Mr. Ron Cannan, M.P.; Mr. Bruce Hyer, M.P.; Ms. Colette Déry, Communications Officer, Office of the Speaker; Ms. Julie Pelletier, Secretary to the delegation. Context Canada and Finland have much in common as Nordic, bilingual, democratic countries with modern, innovative economies. The two countries share many values and are alike in areas such as their similar visions of international relations, the protection of human rights, international peacekeeping, crisis management, sustainable development of the North, aboriginal affairs and regulation of information technology. The two countries also both draw on each other’s experience on a wide range of issues. For example, the Canadian model based of multiculturalism has been studied with great interest in Finland. There is considerable mutual assistance between the two countries on issues affecting the Arctic. Their cooperation on the Arctic Council is essential to circumpolar cooperation and both countries promote sustainable human development in that region on the Council. Their objectives also converge with respect to the University of the Arctic. Canada places considerable emphasis on collaboration in the realm of science and technology with Finland, which spends nearly 4% of its gross domestic product on research and development. For example, Finland is a world leader in forestry technology and renewable bioenergy, and there have been several exchanges with Canada in this regard. Finland is also an invaluable partner for academic exchanges. There are over 40 cooperation agreements between Canadian and Finnish postsecondary education institutions. At present, there are nearly 200 Finnish students studying in Canada, and about 80 Canadian students taking courses in Finland. Objectives The purpose of the delegation’s visit was: To underline the importance Canada places on its relations with Finland; To discuss subjects of common interest with Finnish parliamentarians and other important decision-makers, including Finland’s response to the current economic crisis, the challenges of climate change for Nordic countries and the importance of immigration; To discuss foreign policy in relation to matters of international and bilateral interest; To get an overview of the Finnish parliamentary system, government structure and electoral process; and To encourage continued parliamentary dialogue and to promote bilateral parliamentary exchanges. Meetings In Helsinki, the delegation met with: Her Excellency Tarja Halonen, President of the Republic of Finland; His Excellency Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of the Republic of Finland; Her Excellency Tuija Brax, Minister of Justice; His Excellency Sauli Niinistö, MP, Speaker of the Parliament of the Republic of Finland; Mr. Johannes Koskinen, MP, Deputy Speaker, Parliament of the Republic of Finland; Mr. Markku Laukkanen, MP, Deputy Chair, Foreign Affairs Committee; Ms. Tuula Haatainen, Deputy Mayor for Education and Culture, City of Helsinki; The Finnish delegation to the Conference of Parliamentarians of the Arctic Region; Mr. Jarmo Vuorinen, Deputy Secretary General, Parliamentary Office; Mr. Kari T. Ahonen, Administrative Director, Parliamentary Office; and Ms. Anne Brunila, President and CEO, Finnish Forest Industries Federation. In Rovaniemi, the delegation met with: Mr. Timo E. Korva, Governor of Lapland; Ms. Outi Snellman, Vice-President, Administration, and Director of International Affairs, University of Lapland and University of the Arctic Secretariat; Mr. Jukka Jokinen, Vice-President and Director General of Bombardier Recreational Products Finland OY; and Professors from the Arctic Centre. The delegation had an opportunity to visit: Suomenlinna Island; The Ateneum Art Museum; and “The Arctic in Change” exhibition. The delegation also had the privilege of attending: The plenary session of the Parliament of the Republic of Finland; and A Concert by the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. Meeting with Her Excellency Tarja Halonen, President of the Republic of Finland Her Excellency Tarja Halonen said how pleased she was to meet with the Canadian MPs, since she had herself been a member of Parliament for 20 years. She explained that she had served has Prime Minister for five years and had been President for the last nine years. She noted that she had the opportunity to meet the former Governor General of Canada, Adrienne Clarkson, in October 2003, on her official visit to Finland. The President then talked about a range of subjects of common interest to the two countries, including their collaboration in international organizations such as the Arctic Council in relation to climate change. Her Excellency said she was concerned about the pollution emitted by the Finnish forestry industry and pollution of the Baltic Sea. On that last point, she noted that the European Union was in the process of drafting a strategy for cleaning up that body of water. She said she firmly believes that economic development should not come at the expense of the environment. Her Excellency gave an overview of how the powers assigned to the President of the Republic of Finland have evolved since she has been in office, and the Finnish position regarding her country’s potential membership in NATO. It was noted that Finland is currently present in Afghanistan, but is not a member of NATO, although politicians are increasingly supporting the idea of membership. Meeting with His Excellency Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of the Republic of Finland His Excellency Matti Vanhanen welcomed the Speaker and his delegation and noted that he had accepted Canada’s invitation to travel to Vancouver for the 2010 Olympics. Speaker Milliken gave an overview of the impact of the economic crisis on Canada and said that although it has a more stable banking system than the United States, Canada has nonetheless been heavily affected, particularly in regions where the auto industry is important. The Canadian government has reacted to the crisis by adopting measures to stimulate the economy such as the investments in Canadian infrastructure that have been announced. The conversation then turned to the recent agreement between the European Union and Canada to initiate talks with the aim of signing a comprehensive economic partnership agreement. The Speaker of the House of Commons said he was very glad to hear this news, since Canada, a majority of whose trade is with its neighbour to the South, must diversify its exports. The Prime Minister noted that Canadian investment in Finland was growing, particularly in the mining sector. He gave the example of the upcoming opening of a Canadian nickel and gold mine in northern Finland. They then compared advances in the two countries’ energy sectors, particularly in relation to wind and solar energy. Meeting with Her Excellency Tuija Brax, Minister of Justice The Minister of Justice welcomed the delegation. She gave an overview of her role and powers and of the Finnish electoral system, in relation to four types of elections: legislative, municipal, European and presidential. She also gave an outline of election law for the Finnish Parliament. The Minister said that the government in power wanted to bring in significant reforms to the electoral system by imposing a national representativeness threshold equivalent to 3.5%. The idea is supported by the two main parties in the coalition, the National Coalition Party and the Centre Party, but not by their coalition partner, the Swedish People’s Party, or by the other opposition parties. Meeting with His Excellency Sauli Niinistö, MP, Speaker of the Parliament of the Republic of Finland His Excellency Sauli Niinistö welcomed the Canadian delegation and introduced the Finnish MPs at the meeting: Mr. Johannes Koskinen, Deputy Speaker of the Parliament, Mr. Eero Akaan-Penttilä, member of the National Coalition Party; Ms. Merja Kyllönen, member of the Left Alliance Party; and Ms. Leena Rauhala, member of the Christian Democratic Party. The global economic crisis and its effects on Canada, whose largest trading partner is the United States, were discussed. Speaker Milliken described the measures proposed by the Canadian government to stimulate the Canadian economy. Speaker Niinistö said that the Finnish Parliament was currently studying a white paper released by the government in February 2009 which defined the country’s new defence and security policy and Finland’s position regarding the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Finland is not a member, although there are Finnish troops in Afghanistan. The most significant change from the previous report, released in 2004, relates to the recommendation it makes to increase Finland’s military spending budget by 2%. With respect to Finnish cooperation with NATO, the report recommends that Finland study the question of NATO membership. The conversation then turned to the constitutional reform project currently under consideration in Finland, the purpose of which is to alter