Snohomish County Hiking Guide
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Geology and Structural Evolution of the Foss River-Deception Creek Area, Cascade Mountains, Washington
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF James William McDougall for the degree of Master of Science in Geology presented on Lune, icnct Title: GEOLOGY AND STRUCTURALEVOLUTION OF THE FOSS RIVER-DECEPTION CREEK AREA,CASCADE MOUNTAINS, WASHINGTOV, Redacted for Privacy Abstract approved: Robert S. Yekis Southwest of Stevens Pass, Washington,immediately west of the crest of the Cascade Range, pre-Tertiaryrocks include the Chiwaukum Schist, dominantly biotite-quartzschist characterized by a polyphase metamorphic history,that correlates with schistose basement east of the area of study.Pre-Tertiary Easton Schist, dominated by graphitic phyllite, is principallyexposed in a horst on Tonga Ridge, however, it also occurs eastof the horst.Altered peridotite correlated to Late Jurassic IngallsComplex crops out on the western margin of the Mount Stuart uplift nearDeception Pass. The Mount Stuart batholith of Late Cretaceous age,dominantly granodiorite to tonalite, and its satellite, the Beck lerPeak stock, intrude Chiwaukum Schist, Easton Schist, andIngalls Complex. Tertiary rocks include early Eocene Swauk Formation, a thick sequence of fluviatile polymictic conglomerateand arkosic sandstone that contains clasts resembling metamorphic and plutonic basement rocks in the northwestern part of the thesis area.The Swauk Formation lacks clasts of Chiwaukum Schist that would be ex- pected from source areas to the east and northeast.The Oligocene (?) Mount Daniel volcanics, dominated by altered pyroclastic rocks, in- trude and unconformably overlie the Swauk Formation.The -
USGS Geologic Investigations Series I-1963, Pamphlet
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR TO ACCOMPANY MAP I-1963 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE SKYKOMISH RIVER 30- BY 60 MINUTE QUADRANGLE, WASHINGTON By R.W. Tabor, V.A. Frizzell, Jr., D.B. Booth, R.B. Waitt, J.T. Whetten, and R.E. Zartman INTRODUCTION From the eastern-most edges of suburban Seattle, the Skykomish River quadrangle stretches east across the low rolling hills and broad river valleys of the Puget Lowland, across the forested foothills of the North Cascades, and across high meadowlands to the bare rock peaks of the Cascade crest. The quadrangle straddles parts of two major river systems, the Skykomish and the Snoqualmie Rivers, which drain westward from the mountains to the lowlands (figs. 1 and 2). In the late 19th Century mineral deposits were discovered in the Monte Cristo, Silver Creek and the Index mining districts within the Skykomish River quadrangle. Soon after came the geologists: Spurr (1901) studied base- and precious- metal deposits in the Monte Cristo district and Weaver (1912a) and Smith (1915, 1916, 1917) in the Index district. General geologic mapping was begun by Oles (1956), Galster (1956), and Yeats (1958a) who mapped many of the essential features recognized today. Areas in which additional studies have been undertaken are shown on figure 3. Our work in the Skykomish River quadrangle, the northwest quadrant of the Wenatchee 1° by 2° quadrangle, began in 1975 and is part of a larger mapping project covering the Wenatchee quadrangle (fig. 1). Tabor, Frizzell, Whetten, and Booth have primary responsibility for bedrock mapping and compilation. -
Wednesday, March 25, 2009
8 TFW -16B-90-0 11 EVALUATION OF TIlE TFW STREAM CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM: STRATIFICATION OF PHYSICAL HABITAT AREA AND DISTRIBUTION By T. J. Beechie and T. H. Sibley TIMB~:R &WILDLIFE July 1990 EVALUATION OF THE TFW STREAM CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM: STRATIFICATION OF PHYSICAL HABITAT AREA AND DISTRIBUTION. FINAL REPORT 1988,1990 Prepared by T. J. Beechie and T. H. Sibley Center for Streamside Studies (AR-lO) and Fisheries Research Institute (WH-10) University of Washington Seattle, W A. 98195 Submitted to: TimberIFishlWildlife Ambient Monitoring Steering Committee and State of Washington. Department of Natural Resources (EL-03) Olympia, W A. 98504 July, 1990 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables IV List of Figures v Executive Summary vm 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Stream Classification Review 1 1.2 Proposed Classification System 4 1.3 Objectives 5 2. Approach 7 2.1 Problems in Variable Definition 7 2.2 The Problem of Spatial Scale 11 2.3 The Problem of Time 11 2.4 Addressing Sources of Variability 12 2.5 Recent Evaluations and Their Implications 15 2.6 Variables Used in this Study 15 3. Methods 19 3.1 Data Collected 19 3.2 Code Definitions 20 3.3 Field Procedures 21 3.4 Visual Estimation Procedure 22 3.5 Statistical Analyses 23 3.6 Study Area 23 4. Results and Discussion 33 4.1 Reference Sites 33 Summary of site characteristics 33 Variation channel unit areas with changes in discharge 36 Relative importance of several physical factors in predicting the percentage of summer pools 40 Discharge-area relationships 42 Large organic debris as obstructions 42 ii Page 4.2 South Fork Stillaguamish River Basin Sites 44 Percentages of summer pool surface area in paired segments 46 Comparison of spawning gravel percentages 48 Distributions of channel unit types 50 Cluster Analysis 50 Discriminant analysis 53 4.3 Multiple Watershed Sites 55 Spawning gravel distribution 55 Discriminant analysis 58 Percentages of pools 58 Physical factors affecting pool area 61 5. -
1961 Climbers Outing in the Icefield Range of the St
the Mountaineer 1962 Entered as second-class matter, April 8, 1922, at Post Office in Seattle, Wash., under the Act of March 3, 1879. Published monthly and semi-monthly during March and December by THE MOUNTAINEERS, P. 0. Box 122, Seattle 11, Wash. Clubroom is at 523 Pike Street in Seattle. Subscription price is $3.00 per year. The Mountaineers To explore and study the mountains, forests, and watercourses of the Northwest; To gather into permanent form the history and traditions of this region; To preserve by the encouragement of protective legislation or otherwise the natural beauty of Northwest America; To make expeditions into these regions in fulfillment of the above purposes; To encourage a spirit of good fellowship among all lovers of outdoor Zif e. EDITORIAL STAFF Nancy Miller, Editor, Marjorie Wilson, Betty Manning, Winifred Coleman The Mountaineers OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES Robert N. Latz, President Peggy Lawton, Secretary Arthur Bratsberg, Vice-President Edward H. Murray, Treasurer A. L. Crittenden Frank Fickeisen Peggy Lawton John Klos William Marzolf Nancy Miller Morris Moen Roy A. Snider Ira Spring Leon Uziel E. A. Robinson (Ex-Officio) James Geniesse (Everett) J. D. Cockrell (Tacoma) James Pennington (Jr. Representative) OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES : TACOMA BRANCH Nels Bjarke, Chairman Wilma Shannon, Treasurer Harry Connor, Vice Chairman Miles Johnson John Freeman (Ex-Officio) (Jr. Representative) Jack Gallagher James Henriot Edith Goodman George Munday Helen Sohlberg, Secretary OFFICERS: EVERETT BRANCH Jim Geniesse, Chairman Dorothy Philipp, Secretary Ralph Mackey, Treasurer COPYRIGHT 1962 BY THE MOUNTAINEERS The Mountaineer Climbing Code· A climbing party of three is the minimum, unless adequate support is available who have knowledge that the climb is in progress. -
2015 Removal Action Appendices
APPENDICES Appendix A. Health and Safety Plan Appendix B. Updated HELP Model Simulations Appendix C. MCMA Repository Run-on Control Drain Appendix D. Technical Specifications and Construction Quality Assurance Plan Appendix E. Biological Monitoring Plan Appendix F. Cultural Resources Monitoring and Treatment Plan Appendix G. MCMA 2015 Removal Action Proposed Schedule Appendix H Modified XRF Protocol for Field Screening Appendix A. Health and Safety Plan Health and Safety Plan 2015 Removal Action Monte Cristo Mining Area Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest Snohomish County, Washington April 2015 Cascade Earth Sciences 3511 Pacific Blvd SW Albany, OR 97321 Ph. (541) 926-7737 Fax (541) 967-7619 www.cascade-earth.com Health and Safety Plan 2015 Removal Action Monte Cristo Mining Area Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest Snohomish County, Washington EMERGENCY PHONE NUMBERS Medical Emergency/Ambulance .......................................................................................... 911 Police.......................................................................................................................................... 911 Fire .............................................................................................................................................. 911 National Poison Control Center ...................................................................... (800) 222-1222 CES Corporate Safety Officer (Ellen Crawford) ............................................ (541) 812-6620 US Forest Service, Snoqualmie National -
The Complete Script
Feb rua rg 1968 North Cascades Conservation Council P. 0. Box 156 Un ? ve rs i ty Stat i on Seattle, './n. 98 105 SCRIPT FOR NORTH CASCAOES SLIDE SHOW (75 SI Ides) I ntroduct Ion : The North Cascades fiountatn Range In the State of VJashington Is a great tangled chain of knotted peaks and spires, glaciers and rivers, lakes, forests, and meadov;s, stretching for a 150 miles - roughly from Pt. fiainier National Park north to the Canadian Border, The h undreds of sharp spiring mountain peaks, many of them still unnamed and relatively unexplored, rise from near sea level elevations to seven to ten thousand feet. On the flanks of the mountains are 519 glaciers, in 9 3 square mites of ice - three times as much living ice as in all the rest of the forty-eight states put together. The great river valleys contain the last remnants of the magnificent Pacific Northwest Rain Forest of immense Douglas Fir, cedar, and hemlock. f'oss and ferns carpet the forest floor, and wild• life abounds. The great rivers and thousands of streams and lakes run clear and pure still; the nine thousand foot deep trencli contain• ing 55 mile long Lake Chelan is one of tiie deepest canyons in the world, from lake bottom to mountain top, in 1937 Park Service Study Report declared that the North Cascades, if created into a National Park, would "outrank in scenic quality any existing National Park in the United States and any possibility for such a park." The seven iiiitlion acre area of the North Cascades is almost entirely Fedo rally owned, and managed by the United States Forest Service, an agency of the Department of Agriculture, The Forest Ser• vice operates under the policy of "multiple use", which permits log• ging, mining, grazing, hunting, wt Iderness, and alI forms of recrea• tional use, Hov/e ve r , the 1937 Park Study Report rec ornmen d ed the creation of a three million acre Ice Peaks National Park ombracing all of the great volcanos of the North Cascades and most of the rest of the superlative scenery. -
Landslide Mobility and Hazards: Implications of the 2014 Oso Disaster ∗ R.M
Earth and Planetary Science Letters 412 (2015) 197–208 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Earth and Planetary Science Letters www.elsevier.com/locate/epsl Landslide mobility and hazards: implications of the 2014 Oso disaster ∗ R.M. Iverson a, , D.L. George a, K. Allstadt b,1, M.E. Reid c, B.D. Collins c, J.W. Vallance a, S.P. Schilling a, J.W. Godt d, C.M. Cannon e, C.S. Magirl f, R.L. Baum d, J.A. Coe d, W.H. Schulz d, J.B. Bower g a U.S. Geological Survey, Vancouver, WA, USA b University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA c U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, USA d U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO, USA e U.S. Geological Survey, Portland, OR, USA f U.S. Geological Survey, Tacoma, WA, USA g NOAA National Weather Service, Seattle, WA, USA a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Landslides reflect landscape instability that evolves over meteorological and geological timescales, and Received 8 September 2014 they also pose threats to people, property, and the environment. The severity of these threats depends Received in revised form 9 December 2014 largely on landslide speed and travel distance, which are collectively described as landslide “mobility”. To Accepted 10 December 2014 investigate causes and effects of mobility, we focus on a disastrous landslide that occurred on 22 March Available online xxxx 2014 near Oso, Washington, USA, following a long period of abnormally wet weather. The landslide’s Editor: P. -
Rediscover the Suiattle: Hikes and Sights
Le Conte Chaval, Mountain Rediscover the Suiattle:Mount Hikes and Sights Su ia t t l e R o Crater To Marblemount, a d Lake Sentinel Old Guard Hwy 20 Peak Bi Buckindy, Peak g C reek Mount Misch, Lizard Mount (not Mountain official) Boulder Boat T Hurricane e Lake Peak Launch Rd na Crk s as C en r G L A C I E R T e e Ba P E A K k ch e l W I L D E R N E S S Agnes o Mountain r C Boulder r e Lake e Gunsight k k Peak e Cub Trailhead k e Dome e r Lake Peak Sinister Boundary e C Peak r Green Bridge Put-in C y e k Mountain c n u Lookout w r B o e D v Darrington i Huckleberry F R Ranger S Mountain Buck k R Green Station u Trailhead Creek a d Campground Mountain S 2 5 Trailhead Old-growth Suiattle in Rd Mounta r Saddle Bow Grove Guard een u Gr Downey Creek h Mountain Station lp u k Trailhead S e Bannock Cr e Mountain To I-5, C i r Darrington c l Seattle e U R C Gibson P H M er Sulphur S UL T N r S iv e uia ttle R Creek T e Falls R A k Campground I L R Mt Baker- Suiattle d Trailhead Sulphur Snoqualmie Box ! Mountain Sitting Mountain Bull National Forest Milk n Creek Mountain Old Sauk yo Creek an North Indigo Bridge C Trailhead To Suiattle Closure Lake Lime Miners Ridge White Road Mountain No Trail Chuck Access M Lookout Mountain M I i Plummer L l B O U L D E R Old Sauk k Mountain Rat K Image Universal C R I V E R Trap Meadow C Access Trail r Lake Suiattle Pass Mountain Crystal R e W I L D E R N E S S e E Pass N Trailhead Lake k Sa ort To Mountain E uk h S Meadow K R id Mountain T ive e White Chuck Loop Hwy ners Cre r R i ek R M d Bench A e Chuc Whit k River I I L Trailhead L A T R T Featured Trailheads Land Ownership S To Holden, E Other Trailheads National Wilderness Area R Stehekin Fire C Mountain Campgrounds National Forest I C Beaver C I F P A Fortress Boat Launch State Conservation Lake Pugh Mtn Mountain Trailhead Campground Other State Road Helmet Butte Old-growth Lakes Mt. -
Washington's Steepest Mountain Jz4:Ces
14 Signpost April 1984 WASHINGTON'S STEEPEST MOUNTAIN JZ4:CES vertical drop (MVD) within these set Stephen Fry ACCURACY distances. The accuracy of the data is mainly Once measured, the MVD can be dependent on two factors: measurement used as a yardstick to compare the error and the reliability of the topo- maximum steepness of one mountain graphic maps. Most of the error intro- with another. duced into the MVD data originates The most accurate and detailed from the lack of perfectly accurate Mountains with precipitous faces maps available were used to determine topographic maps. are dramatic. Anyone who has walked the MVDs of the mountains listed. The total possible error for the the Cascade Pass Trail and viewed the In the United States, most of my United States MVD data in .1 mile ranges imposing north face of Johannesburg measurements were from current from 3% to 6%. The total possible Mountain can attest to that. Europeans 1:24,000 or 1:62,500 USGS topograph- error for the United States in 1 mile also have long admired and been im- ic maps. Around the world, the scale is likely no greater than 3%. pressed with the steep faces of peaks of maps varied from 1:25,000 for the For mountains outside the United such as the Matterhorn and Eiger. Matterhorn and Mount Everest, to States, the reliability of the topographic Ever since my first neck-stretching 1:250,000 for K2 and Annapurna I. maps varies greatly. Generally for views of Mount Index from the Stevens The process of measuring the most of the mountain faces I have listed, Pass Highway over twenty years ago, MVDs simply involves using a caliper the accuracy is the same as the United I have been intrigued with steep moun- or precise ruler as a gauge. -
WDFW Washington State Recovery Plan for the Lynx
STATE OF WASHINGTON March 2001 LynxLynx RecoveryRecovery PlanPlan by Derek Stinson Washington Department of FISH AND WILDLIFE Wildlife Program Wildlife Diversity Division WDFW 735 In 1990, the Washington Fish and Wildlife Commission adopted procedures for listing and delisting species as endangered, threatened, or sensitive and for writing recovery and management plans for listed species (WAC 232-12-297, Appendix C). The lynx was classified by the Washington Fish and Wildlife Commission as a threatened species in 1993 (Washington Administrative Code 232-12-011). The procedures, developed by a group of citizens, interest groups, and state and federal agencies, require that recovery plans be developed for species listed as threatened or endangered. Recovery, as defined by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, is “the process by which the decline of an endangered or threatened species is arrested or reversed, and threats to its survival are neutralized, so that its long-term survival in nature can be ensured.” This document summarizes the historic and current distribution and abundance of the lynx in Washington, describes factors affecting the population and its habitat, and prescribes strategies to recover the species in Washington. The draft state recovery plan for the lynx was reviewed by researchers and state and federal agencies. This review was followed by a 90 day public comment period. All comments received were considered in preparation of this final recovery plan. For additional information about lynx or other state listed species, contact: Manager, Endangered Species Section Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife 600 Capitol Way N Olympia WA 98501-1091 This report should be cited as: Stinson, D. -
Final Mountain Loop Road Repair Environmental Assessment
Figure 1-Vicinity Map, Location of Damage Forest-wide, 2003 Flood i Table of Content Chapter 1 –Need for Action ....................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Mountain Loop History, Desired Road Condition ............................................................................................. 1 October 2003 Flood Event ................................................................................................................................. 3 Need for Action .................................................................................................................................... 6 Proposed Action................................................................................................................................... 7 Proposed Repair at Milepost 33.1 (T30N, R11E, Section 29) ........................................................................... 7 Proposed Repair at Milepost 33.6 (T30N, R11E, Section 29) ......................................................................... 11 Proposed Repair at Milepost 34.8 (T30N, R11E, Section 28) ......................................................................... 16 Proposed Repair at Milepost 35.6 (T30N, R11E, Section 21) ......................................................................... 18 Project Scope..................................................................................................................................... -
Index-Galena Road Milepost 6.4 – Milepost 6.9
INDEX-GALENA ROAD MILEPOST 6.4 – MILEPOST 6.9 Snohomish County, Washington Finding of No Significant Impact April 2017 U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) assure full compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987 and related statues by prohibiting discrimination based on race, color, national origin and sex in provision of benefits and services. For more information about Title VI, please call the WSDOT Title VI Coordinator at (360) 705-7098. Page 2 Finding Of No Significant Impact Index-Galena Road Milepost 6.4-6.9 Description of Proposed Action The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT), and Snohomish County Public Works, issued an Environmental Assessment (EA) on September 19, 2016. The project will construct a relocated roadway that will extend from an area in proximity to the lower washout at Index-Galena Road Milepost 6.4 to an area in proximity to the upper washout at Milepost 6.9. The roadway will be relocated landward from the North Fork Skykomish River outside of the floodplain and channel migration zone. The roadway is located in unincorporated Snohomish County, Washington upstream from the town of Index. The relocated roadway will re-establish roadway connectivity on Index-Galena Road for residences, emergency service providers, recreationists, and land managed by the U. S Forest Service. The improvements will include shifting the existing roadway alignment to the south away from the river to establish a relocated roadway upslope from the existing damaged roadway.