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Selections from: : An American Musical

th Oklahoma 8 Grade U.S. History

Standards Alignment with end notes

by Aaron Baker

page Standards in Order in Which they Appear 2 Standards in Chronological Order 3 “” 4 “, Sir” 5 “My Shot” 6, 7 “Schuyler Sisters” 7-9 “Farmer Refuted” 9 “You’ll Be Back” 9, 10 “Right Hand Man” 10-12 “Stay Alive” 12, 13 “Guns and Ships” 14 “Yorktown (The World Turned Upside Down)” 14-16 “Non-Stop” 16-19 “What’d I Miss” 19, 20 “Cabinet Battle #1” 20, 21 “Cabinet Battle #2” 21, 22 “One Last Time” 22, 23 “The Adams Administration” 23 “The Election of 1800” 23-25 endnotes 26

OK Standards In Order In Which They Appear 2

2.2 Motivations & Choices B. the Coercive Acts of 1774 (the ) as British Compare and contrast the different motivations and choices punishment for the and the convening of that various colonial populations had regarding the War for the First as a colonial response. Independence including 1.1 Consequences of the French & Indian War A. Whether to fight for independence, remain loyal to the Summarize the political and economic consequences of the king, or to be neutral. on the 13 colonies including the 1.3 Ideological War imperial policies of requiring the colonies to pay a share of Cite specific textual and visual evidence to analyze the the costs of defending the British Empire. ideological and propaganda war between Great Britain and 2.3 Key Military & Diplomatic Events her North American colonies including the Cite specific textual and visual evidence to summarize the A. Points of views of the Patriots and the Loyalists about impact of key military and diplomatic events including the independence. A. Military leadership of General . 1.2 British Imperial Policies C. French alliance. Cite specific textual and visual evidence to summarize the E. Encampment. significance of British attempts to regulate colonial rights, as F. Defeat of Lord Cornwallis’s army at the . well as the colonial responses to these measures including B. Victories at Boston, Trenton, and Saratoga. A. The restriction of colonial rights as British subjects 2.1 Articles of Confederation including colonial opposition and protests against taxation Analyze the formation of the first American national system without representation and the . of government under the Articles of Confederation including 4.5 Reform Movements/Leaders the success of conducting and winning the Revolutionary Analyze and summarize the significance of the Abolitionist War. and Women’s Suffrage Movements. 2.2 Motivations & Choices 3.4 Constitutional Principles Compare and contrast the different motivations and choices Explain the constitutional principles of popular sovereignty, that various colonial populations had regarding the War for , separation of powers, checks and Independence including balances, federalism, and judicial review. B. The choices that free and enslaved African Americans had 3.3 Ratification of the U.S. Constitution of escaping to freedom, or joining the British or Colonial Cite specific textual and visual evidence to examine the forces, or remaining enslaved. arguments for and against the ratification of the United 3.2 Constitutional Convention States Constitution as expressed in , as Analyze the significance of the Constitutional Convention, its well as Anti-Federalist concerns over a strong central major debates and compromises. government and the omission of a bill of rights. 3.5 Bill of Rights 3.1 Causes of the Constitutional Convention Cite specific textual and visual evidence and summarize the Examine and summarize the issues encountered by the young rights and responsibilities all Americans possess under the nation that led to the Constitutional Convention in Constitution as guaranteed in the Bill of Rights. in 1787 including the 4.1 Major Events and Issues of Early Presidential A. Strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. Administrations 1.2 British Imperial Policies Analyze the impact and consequences of major events and Cite specific textual and visual evidence to summarize the issues facing early presidential administrations including significance of British attempts to regulate colonial rights, as A. The suppression of the Whiskey Rebellion and well as the colonial responses to these measures including establishment of the government’s right to tax. D. Thomas Paine’s pamphlet “” advocating the B. President George Washington’s advice for the defense of colonial rights and independence. new nation in his Farewell Address. 1.4 The Declaration of Independence C. The restriction of individual rights in the Alien and Sedition Determine the central ideas and grievances expressed in the Acts and the responses of the Republican- Democrats in the Declaration of Independence and their intellectual origin. and Kentucky Resolutions. D. Evaluate the contributions of and the D. The impact of the presidential election of 1800 Committee of Five in drafting the Declaration of and the peaceful transfer of political power from one Independence. party to another. 1.2 British Imperial Policies Cite specific textual and visual evidence to summarize the significance of British attempts to regulate colonial rights, as well as the colonial responses to these measures including OK Standards in Chronological Order 3

1.1 Consequences of the French & Indian War 2.3 Key Military & Diplomatic Events Summarize the political and economic consequences of the Cite specific textual and visual evidence to summarize the French and Indian War on the 13 colonies including the impact of key military and diplomatic events including the imperial policies of requiring the colonies to pay a share of A. Military leadership of General George the costs of defending the British Empire and the precedent Washington. of the Albany Plan of Union as an early attempt to unify the B. Victories at Boston, Trenton, and Saratoga. colonies. C. French alliance. 1.2 British Imperial Policies E. Valley Forge Encampment. Cite specific textual and visual evidence to summarize the F. Defeat of Lord Cornwallis’s army at the Siege of significance of British attempts to regulate colonial rights, as Yorktown. well as the colonial responses to these measures including 3.1 Causes of the Constitutional Convention A. the restriction of colonial rights as British subjects Examine and summarize the issues encountered by the young including colonial opposition and protests against taxation nation that led to the Constitutional Convention in without representation and the Boston Massacre. Philadelphia in 1787 including the B. the Coercive Acts of 1774 (the Intolerable Acts) as British A. Strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. punishment for the Boston Tea Party and the convening of 3.2 Constitutional Convention the First Continental Congress as a colonial response. Analyze the significance of the Constitutional Convention, its D. Thomas Paine’s pamphlet “Common Sense” advocating the major debates and compromises. defense of colonial rights and independence. 3.3 Ratification of the U.S. Constitution 1.3 Ideological War Cite specific textual and visual evidence to examine the Cite specific textual and visual evidence to analyze the arguments for and against the ratification of the United ideological and propaganda war between Great Britain and States Constitution as expressed in the Federalist Papers her North American colonies including the Number 10 and Number 51, as well as Anti-Federalist A. Points of views of the Patriots and the Loyalists about concerns over a strong central government and the omission independence. of a bill of rights. 1.4 The Declaration of Independence 3.4 Constitutional Principles Determine the central ideas and grievances expressed in the Explain the constitutional principles of popular sovereignty, Declaration of Independence and their intellectual origin. consent of the governed, separation of powers, checks and D. Evaluate the contributions of Thomas Jefferson and the balances, federalism, and judicial review. Committee of Five in drafting the Declaration of 3.5 Bill of Rights Independence. Cite specific textual and visual evidence and summarize the 2.1 Articles of Confederation rights and responsibilities all Americans possess under the Analyze the formation of the first American national system United States Constitution as guaranteed in the Bill of Rights. of government under the Articles of Confederation including 4.1 Major Events and Issues of Early Presidential the success of conducting and winning the Revolutionary Administrations War. Analyze the impact and consequences of major events and 2.2 Motivations & Choices issues facing early presidential administrations including Compare and contrast the different motivations and choices A. The suppression of the Whiskey Rebellion and that various colonial populations had regarding the War for establishment of the government’s right to tax. Independence including B. President George Washington’s advice for the A. Whether to fight for independence, remain loyal to the new nation in his Farewell Address. king, or to be neutral. C. The restriction of individual rights in the Alien and Sedition B. The choices that free and enslaved African Americans had Acts and the responses of the Republican- Democrats in the of escaping to freedom, or joining the British or Colonial Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions. forces, or remaining enslaved. D. The impact of the presidential election of 1800 and the peaceful transfer of political power from one party to another. 4.5 Reform Movements/Leaders Analyze and summarize the significance of the Abolitionist and Women’s Suffrage Movements.

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“Alexander Hamilton” mother’s landlord,4 tradin’ sugar cane and rum and AARON BURR: other things he can’t afford. (Scammin’) for every book How does a bastard, orphan, son of a ##### and a he can get his hands on. (Plannin’) for the future, see Scotsman, dropped in the middle of a forgotten spot in him now as he stands on the bow of a ship headed for a the Caribbean by Providence, impoverished, in squalor new land. In New York you can be a new man. grow up to be a hero and a scholar? COMPANY and (HAMILTON): : In New York you can be a new man (Just you wait) The ten-dollar Founding Father1 without a father got a In New York you can be a new man (Just you wait) lot farther by workin’ a lot harder, by bein’ a lot In New York you can be a new man smarter, by bein’ a self-starter, by fourteen, they placed WOMEN: MEN: him in charge of a trading charter. In New York New York THOMAS JEFFERSON: HAMILTON: And every day while slaves were being slaughtered and Just you wait carted away across the waves,2 he struggled and kept COMPANY and (COMPANY): his guard up. Inside, he was longing for something to be Alexander Hamilton (Alexander Hamilton), we are a part of. The brother was ready to beg, steal, borrow, waiting in the wings for you (waiting in the wings for or barter. you). You could never back down. You never learned to JAMES MADISON: take your time. Oh, Alexander Hamilton (Alexander Then a hurricane came,3 and devastation reigned. Hamilton). When America sings for you. Will they know Our man saw his future drip, drippin’ down the drain. what you overcame? Will they know you rewrote the Put a pencil to his temple, connected it to his brain and game? The world will never be the same, oh. he wrote his first refrain, a testament to his pain. BURR and (COMPANY): BURR: The ship is in the harbor now, see if you can spot him. Well the word got around, they said, “This kid is insane, (Just you wait) Another immigrant comin’ up from the man!” Took up a collection just to send him to the bottom. (Just you wait) His enemies destroyed his rep, mainland. “Get your education, don’t forget from America forgot him. whence you came, and the world’s gonna know your MULLIGAN/MADISON AND LAFAYETTE/JEFFERSON: name! What’s your name, man?" We fought with him. ALEXANDER HAMILTON: LAURENS/PHILLIP: Alexander Hamilton, my name is Alexander Hamilton. Me? I died for him. And there’s a million things I haven’t done, but just you WASHINGTON: wait, just you wait. Me? I trusted him. ELIZA HAMILTON: ANGELICA SCHUYLER, ELIZA, MARIA REYNOLDS: When he was ten, his father split, full of it, debt-ridden. Me? I loved him. Two years later, see Alex and his mother, bed-ridden. BURR: Half-dead, sittin’ in their own sick, the scent thick. And me? I’m the damn fool that shot him. COMPANY: COMPANY: And Alex got better but his mother went quick. There’s a million things I haven’t done, GEORGE WASHINGTON and (COMPANY): but just you wait. Moved in with a cousin, the cousin committed suicide. BURR: Left him with nothin’ but ruined pride, somethin’ new What’s your name, man? inside. A voice saying "(Alex) you gotta’ fend for HAMILTON & COMPANY: yourself". He started retreatin’ and readin’ every Alexander Hamilton! treatise on the shelf. BURR and (COMPANY): There would’ve been nothin’ left to do for someone less astute. He would’ve been dead or destitute without a cent of restitution. Started workin’, clerkin’ for his late 5

“Aaron Burr, Sir” LAURENS/LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN: COMPANY: Show time! 1776. . BURR: HAMILTON: …like I said… Pardon me. Are you Aaron Burr, sir? LAURENS: BURR Show time! Show time! Yo! I’m John Laurens in the That depends. Who’s asking? place to be! Two pints o’ Sam Adams, but I’m workin’ HAMILTON: on three, uh! Those redcoats don’t want it with me! Oh, well, sure, sir. I’m Alexander Hamilton, I’m at your Cuz I will pop chick-a pop these cops till I’m free! (1.3A) service, sir. I have been looking for you. LAFAYETTE: BURR: Oui oui, mon ami, je m’appelle Lafayette! The Lancelot I’m getting nervous. of the revolutionary set! I came from afar just to say HAMILTON: “Bonsoir!” Tell the King “Casse toi!”6 Who’s the best? Sir… I heard your name at Princeton. I was seeking an C’est moi! accelerated course of study, when I got sort of out of MULLIGAN: sorts with a buddy of yours. I may have punched him. Brrrah brraaah! I am Hercules Mulligan.7 Up in it, lovin’ It’s a blur, sir. He handles the financials? it, yes I heard ya mother said “Come again?” BURR: LAFAYETTE & LAURENS: You punched the bursar. Ayyyyy HAMILTON: MULLIGAN: Yes! I wanted to do what you did. Graduate in two, then Lock up ya daughters and horses, of course. join the revolution. (2.2A) He looked at me like I was It’s hard to have intercourse over four sets of corsets… stupid. I’m not stupid. So how’d you do it? How’d you LAFAYETTE: graduate so fast?5 Wow BURR: LAURENS: It was my parents’ dying wish before they passed. No more sex, pour me another brew, son! HAMILTON: Let’s raise a couple more… You’re an orphan. Of course! I’m an orphan. God, I wish LAURENS/LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN: there was a war! (2.2A) Then we could prove that we’re To the revolution! worth more than anyone bargained for… LAURENS: BURR: HAMILTON: Well, if it ain’t the prodigy of Princeton college! Can I buy you a drink? That would be nice. MULLIGAN: BURR: Aaron Burr! While we’re talking, let me offer you some free advice. LAURENS: Talk less. Give us a verse, drop some knowledge! HAMILTON: BURR: BURR: What? Smile more. Good luck with that: you’re takin’ a stand BURR: You spit. I’m ‘a sit. We’ll see where we land. Don’t let them know what you’re against or what you’re LAURENS: for. Burr, the revolution’s imminent. What do you stall for? HAMILTON: HAMILTON: You can’t be serious. If you stand for nothing, Burr, what’ll you fall for? (2.2A) BURR: HAMILTON: LAURENS: MULLIGAN: You wanna get ahead? Yes. Ooh. Who are you? Ooh Who are you? BURR: LAFAYETTE: Fools who run their mouths off wind up dead. Ooh. Who are you? LAURENS: MULLIGAN/LAFAYETTE/LAURENS: Yo yo yo yo yo! What time is it? Ooh, who is this kid? What’s he gonna do? 6

“My Shot” say, ‘anarchy?’ When I fight, I make the other side HAMILTON: panicky with my— I am not throwing away my shot! I am not throwing HAMILTON/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN: away my shot! Hey yo, I’m just like my country. I’m Shot! young, scrappy and hungry, and I’m not throwing away MULLIGAN: my shot! I’m ‘a get a scholarship to King’s College. Yo, I’m a tailor’s apprentice, and I got y’all knuckleheads I prob’ly shouldn’t brag, but dag, I amaze and astonish. in loco parentis. I’m joining the rebellion cuz I know it’s The problem is I got a lot of brains but no polish. I gotta my chance to socially advance, instead of sewin’ some holler just to be heard, with every word, I drop pants! I’m gonna take a— knowledge! I’m a diamond in the rough, a shiny piece of HAMILTON/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN: coal. Tryin’ to reach my goal. My power of speech: Shot! unimpeachable. Only nineteen but my mind is older. LAURENS: These New York City streets get colder, I shoulder ev’ry But we’ll never be truly free until those in bondage have burden, ev’ry disadvantage. I have learned to manage. the same rights as you and me. (4.5) You and I. Do or I don’t have a gun to brandish. I walk these streets die. Wait till I sally in on a stallion with the first black famished. The plan is to fan this spark into a flame. But battalion.8 Have another— damn, it’s getting dark, so let me spell out the name HAMILTON/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN: I am the— Shot! HAMILTON/LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN/LAURENS: BURR: A-L-E-X-A-N-D-E-R—we are—meant to be… Geniuses, lower your voices. You keep out of trouble HAMILTON: and you double your choices. I’m with you, but the A colony that runs independently. situation is fraught. You’ve got to be carefully taught: Meanwhile, Britain keeps #### on us endlessly. (1.2) If you talk, you’re gonna get shot! Essentially, they tax us relentlessly. Then King George HAMILTON: turns around, runs a spending spree. (1.2A) He ain’t Burr, check what we got. Mister Lafayette, hard rock ever gonna set his descendants free. So there will be a like Lancelot. I think your pants look hot. Laurens, I like revolution in this century. Enter me! you a lot. Let’s hatch a plot blacker than the kettle LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN/LAURENS: callin’ the pot... What are the odds the gods would put (He says in parentheses) us all in one spot. Poppin’ a squat on conventional HAMILTON: wisdom, like it or not. A bunch of revolutionary Don’t be shocked when your hist’ry book mentions me. manumission abolitionists? (4.5) Give me a position, I will lay down my life if it sets us free. Eventually, you’ll show me where the ammunition is! see my ascendancy. Oh, am I talkin’ too loud? Sometimes I get over excited, HAMILTON: shoot off at the mouth. I never had a group of friends And I am not throwing away my shot. I am not throwing before, I promise that I’ll make y’all proud. away my shot. Hey yo, I’m just like my country, I’m LAURENS: young, scrappy and hungry. And I’m not throwing away Let’s get this guy in front of a crowd. my shot . HAMILTON/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN: LAURENS: I am not throwing away my shot. I am not throwing My shot! My shot! And I’m not throwing away my shot. away my shot. Hey yo, I’m just like my country I’m HAMILTON/MULLIGAN/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE: young, scrappy and hungry. And I’m not throwing away I am not throwing away my shot. I am not throwing my shot. away my shot. Hey yo, I’m just like my country, I’m I am not throwing away my shot. I am not throwing young, scrappy and hungry. And I’m not throwing away away my shot. Hey yo, I’m just like my country I’m my shot. It’s time to take a shot! young, scrappy and hungry. And I’m not throwing away LAFAYETTE: my shot. I dream of life without a monarchy. The unrest in France will lead to ‘onarchy? ‘Onarchy? How you say, how you 7

LAURENS: We’re gonna rise up! Time to take a shot! We’re gonna Ev’rybody sing: Whoa, whoa, whoa Hey! Whoa! Wooh!! HAMILTON: Whoa! Ay, let ‘em hear ya! Let’s go! I said shout it to the Time to take a shot! rooftops! Said, to the rooftops! Come on! HAMILTON/LAFAYETTE/LAURENS/MULLIGAN: Come on, let’s go! Time to take a shot! Time to take a shot! Take a shot! HAMILTON/LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN: Shot! Shot! A-yo it’s Whoa! Whoa! Whoa! Whoa! Whoa! Yea! Time to take a shot! Time to take a shot! And I am— COMPANY: Whoa! Whoa! Whoa! Whoa! Whoa! Yea! ENSEMBLE: LAURENS: Not throwing away my shot. Not throwing away my Rise up! When you’re living on your knees, you rise up. shot. We’re gonna. Rise up! Rise up! Tell your brother that he’s gotta rise up. Rise up! Rise up! Rise up! Rise up! Ri— ri— ri— Tell your sister that she's gotta rise up. Time to take a shot! Time to take a shot! And I am— LAURENS AND ENSEMBLE: HAMILTON/LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN/LAURENS: When are these colonies gonna rise up? x3 Not throwin’ away my— When are these colonies gonna rise up? Rise up! (1.3A) COMPANY: COMPANY: Not throwin’ away my shot! Whoa! Whoa! Whoa! Whoa! Whoa! Rise up! HAMILTON: “Schuyler Sisters” I imagine death so much it feels more like a memory. BURR: When’s it gonna get me? In my sleep? Seven feet ahead There’s nothing rich folks love more than going of me? If I see it comin’, do I run or do I let it be? downtown and slummin’ it with the poor. They pull up Is it like a beat without a melody? See, I never thought in their carriages and gawk at the students in the I’d live past twenty. Where I come from some get half common just to watch them talk. Take : as many. Ask anybody why we livin’ fast and we laugh, the man is loaded. Uh-oh, but little does he know that reach for a flask. We have to make this moment last, his daughters, Peggy, Angelica, Eliza sneak into the city that’s plenty. Scratch that. This is not a moment, it’s the just to watch all the guys at— movement. Where all the hungriest brothers with COMPANY: ANGELICA: something to prove went? Foes oppose us, we take an Work, work! Angelica! honest stand. We roll like Moses, claimin’ our promised COMPANY: ELIZA: land. And? If we win our independence? Is that a Work, work! Eliza! guarantee of freedom for our descendants? Or will the PEGGY: blood we shed begin an endless cycle of vengeance9 And Peggy! and death with no defendants? (3.4) I know the action COMPANY: in the street is excitin’, but Jesus, between all the Work, work! bleedin’ ‘n fightin’. I’ve been readin’ ‘n writin’. We need The Schuyler sisters! to handle our financial situation. (3.3) Are we a nation ANGELICA: of states? What’s the state of our nation? (3.1A) I’m Angelica! past patiently waitin’. I’m passionately smashin’ every PEGGY: ELIZA: expectation. Every action’s an act of creation! I’m Peggy! Eliza! laughin’ in the face of casualties and sorrow. For the COMPANY: first time, I’m thinkin’ past tomorrow. Work! HAMILTON AND COMPANY: PEGGY: And I am not throwing away my shot. I am not throwing Daddy said to be home by sundown. away my shot. Hey yo, I’m just like my country, I’m ANGELICA: young, scrappy and hungry. And I’m not throwing away Daddy doesn’t need to know. my shot. PEGGY: HAMILTON/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN: Daddy said not to go downtown. We’re gonna rise up! Time to take a shot! 8

ELIZA: ELIZA/ANGELICA/PEGGY: Like I said, you’re free to go. “We hold these truths to be self-evident ANGELICA: That all men are created equal” (1.4) But—look around, look around, the Revolution’s ANGELICA: happening in New York. And when I meet Thomas Jefferson… (1.4D) ELIZA/PEGGY: COMPANY: COMPANY: New York Angelica Unh! SCHUYLER SISTERS AND COMPANY: ANGELICA: Work! I’m ‘a compel him to include women in the sequel! (4.5) PEGGY: WOMEN: It’s bad enough daddy wants to go to war. (2.2A) Work! ELIZA: ELIZA: People shouting in the square. Look around, look around at how lucky we are to be PEGGY: alive right now! It’s bad enough there’ll be violence on our shore. ELIZA/PEGGY: ANGELICA: Look around, look around at how lucky we are to be New ideas in the air. alive right now! ANGELICA AND MALE ENSEMBLE: ELIZA/ANGELICA/PEGGY: Look around, look around— History is happening in Manhattan and we just happen ELIZA: to be in the greatest city in the world! Angelica, remind me what we’re looking for… SCHUYLER SISTERS AND COMPANY: ALL MEN: In the greatest city in the world! She’s lookin’ for me! ANGELICA: ANGELICA: Cuz I’ve been reading Common Sense by Thomas Paine. Eliza, I’m lookin’ for a mind at work. I’m lookin’ for a (1.2D) So men say that I’m intense or I’m insane. mind at work! I’m lookin’ for a mind at work! ANGELICA: Whooaaaaa! You want a revolution? I want a revelation. ELIZA/ANGELICA/PEGGY: So listen to my declaration: Whooaaaaa! Work! ANGELICA/ELIZA/PEGGY: COMPANY: We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are Work, work! Work, work! Work, work! Work! created equal. (1.4) Whoo! BURR: ELIZA/PEGGY: Wooh! There’s nothin’ like summer in the city. Look around, look around the revolution’s happening Someone in a rush next to someone lookin’ pretty. in— Excuse me, miss, I know it’s not funny, but your ELIZA/PEGGY: perfume smells like your daddy’s got money. Why you New York! In New York! slummin’ in the city in your fancy heels. You searchin’ FEMALE ENSEMBLE: for an urchin who can give you ideals? Look around. Look around at how lucky we are to be ANGELICA: alive right now. Burr, you disgust me. MEN: BURR: Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Ah, so you’ve discussed me. WOMEN: I’m a trust fund, baby, you can trust me! Look around, look around the revolution’s happening. ANGELICA: Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! I’ve been reading Common Sense by Thomas Paine. FULL COMPANY: (1.2D) So men say that I’m intense or I’m insane Look around, look around at how lucky we are to be You want a revolution? I want a revelation. alive right now! History is happening in Manhattan and So listen to my declaration: we just happen to be… 9

ALL WOMEN: Chaos and bloodshed already haunt us, honestly you In the greatest city in the world. shouldn’t even talk. And what about Boston? (1.2A) ALL MEN: Look at the cost, n’ all that we’ve lost n’ you talk about In the greatest city— Congress?! My dog speaks more eloquently than thee! COMPANY: But strangely, your mange is the same. Is he in Jersey? In the greatest city in the world! For the revolution! (1.3A) COMPANY: SEABURY: Work, work! Work, work! Work, work! Work, work! Heed not the rabble who scream Revolution. They have Work, work! Work, work! Work, work! not your interests at heart. Chaos and bloodshed are COMPANY: not a solution. Don’t let them lead you astray. This Work, work! Work, work! Work, work! Congress does not speak for me. (1.2B) They’re playing ANGELICA: ELIZA: a dangerous game. I pray the king shows you his mercy. Angelica! Eliza! For shame. For shame! (1.3A) PEGGY: COMPANY: And Peggy! For the revolution! ANGELICA/ELIZA/PEGGY: SEABURY: The Schuyler sisters! We’re looking for a mind at work! Heed— Hey! Hey! HAMILTON: ANGELICA: If you repeat yourself again I’m gonna— Whoa! In the greatest city in the world! SEABURY/HAMILTON: ELIZA/PEGGY: Scream— Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! HAMILTON: In the greatest city in the world. Honestly, look at me, please don’t read! COMPANY: SEABURY: In the greatest city in the world! Not your interests— HAMILTON: “Farmer Refuted” Don’t modulate the key then not debate with me! SEABURY: Why should a tiny island across the sea regulate the 10 Hear ye, hear ye! My name is Samuel Seabury. price of tea? (1.2B) And I present “Free Thoughts on the Proceedings of the BURR: Continental Congress!” (1.2B) Heed not the rabble who Alexander, please! scream revolution. They have not your interests at HAMILTON: heart. (1.3A) Burr, I’d rather be divisive than indecisive, drop the MULLIGAN: niceties. Oh my God. Tear this dude apart. ENSEMBLE: SEABURY: Silence! A message from the King! Chaos and bloodshed are not a solution. A message from the King! Don’t let them lead you astray. FULL COMPANY: This Congress does not speak for me. (1.2B) A message from the King! BURR: Let him be. “You’ll Be Back” SEABURY: KING GEORGE: They’re playing a dangerous game. I pray the king11 You say the price of my love’s not a price that you’re shows you his mercy. For shame, for shame… willing to pay. You cry in your tea which you hurl in the HAMILTON: sea when you see me go by. (1.2B) Why so sad? Yo! He’d have you all unravel at the sound of screams Remember we made an arrangement when you went but the Revolution is comin’. The have-nots are gonna away. (1.1) Now you’re making me mad. Remember, win this. It’s hard to listen to you with a straight face. despite our estrangement, I’m your man. You’ll be back, 10 soon you’ll see. You’ll remember you belong to me. HAMILTON: You’ll be back, time will tell. You’ll remember that I If they tell my story. I am either gonna die on the served you well. Oceans rise, empires fall. We have seen battlefield in glory or— each other through it all. And when push comes to HAMILTON/BURR/MULLIGAN/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE: shove I will send a fully armed battalion to remind you Rise up! of my love! (1.3) HAMILTON: Da da da dat da dat da da da da ya da I will fight for this land. But there’s only one man. Who Da da dat dat da ya da! can give us a command so we can— Da da da dat da dat da da da da ya da HAMILTON/BURR/MULLIGAN/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE: Da da dat dat da… Rise up! You say our love is draining and you can’t go on. You’ll HAMILTON: be the one complaining when I am gone... And no, don’t Understand? It’s the only way to— change the subject. Cuz you’re my favorite subject - My HAMILTON/BURR/MULLIGAN/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE: sweet, submissive subject - My loyal, royal subject Rise up! Rise up! forever and ever and ever and ever and ever… HAMILTON: You’ll be back like before. I will fight the fight and win Here he comes! the war. For your love, for your praise, and I’ll love you ENSEMBLE: till my dying days. When you’re gone, I’ll go mad.12 So Here comes the General! (2.3A) don’t throw away this thing we had. Cuz when push BURR: comes to shove I will kill your friends and family to Ladies and gentlemen! remind you of my love. (1.3) ENSEMBLE: Da da da dat da dat da da da da ya da Here comes the General! Da da dat dat da ya da! BURR: Da da da dat da dat da da da da ya da The moment you’ve been waiting for! Da da dat— ENSEMBLE: Everybody! Here comes the General! Da da da dat da dat da da da da ya da BURR: Da da dat dat da ya da! The pride of Mount Vernon!14 Da da da dat da dat da da da da ya da da da da ENSEMBLE: Dat dat da ya da! Here comes the General! BURR: “Right Hand Man” George Washington! COMPANY: WASHINGTON: British Admiral Howe’s got troops on the water, thirty- We are outgunned / Outmanned / Outnumbered / 13 two thousand troops in New York harbor. Outplanned / We gotta make an all-out stand. Ayo, I’m ENSEMBLE 1: gonna need a right-hand man. Thirty-two thousand troops in New York harbor. When ENSEMBLE: they surround our troops! They surround our troops! What? What? Buck, buck, buck, buck, buck! When they surround our troops! Buck, buck, buck, buck, buck! WASHINGTON: ENSEMBLE 2: Check it— Can I be real a second? For just a Thirty-two thousand troops in New York harbor. millisecond? Let down my guard and tell the people They surround our troops! They surround our troops! how I feel a second? Now I’m the model of a modern HAMILTON: major general, the venerated Virginian veteran whose As a kid in the Caribbean I wished for a war. I knew that men are all lining up, to put me up on a pedestal, writin’ I was poor. I knew it was the only way to— letters to relatives, embellishin’ my elegance and HAMILTON/BURR/MULLIGAN/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE: eloquence. (2.3A) But the elephant is in the room. The Rise up! truth is in ya face when ya hear the British cannons go… 11

ENSEMBLE: distance. I cannot be everywhere at once, people. I’m in Boom! dire need of assistance… (2.3A) WASHINGTON: BURR: WASHINGTON; Any hope of success is fleeting. How can I keep leading Your excellency, sir! Who are you? when the people I’m leading keep retreating?15 We put BURR: a stop to the bleeding as the British take Brooklyn.16 Aaron Burr, Sir? Permission to state my case? Knight takes rook, but look. We are outgunned / WASHINGTON: Outmanned / Outnumbered / Outplanned / We gotta As you were make an all-out stand. Ayo, I’m gonna need a right-hand BURR: man. Incoming! Sir. I was a captain under General Montgomery. Until he ENSEMBLE: caught a bullet in the neck in Quebec. And well, in What? What? Buck, buck, buck, buck, buck! summary, I think that I could be of some assistance. I Buck, buck, buck, buck, buck! admire how you keep firing on the British from a HAMILTON: distance.20 They’re battering down the Battery check the damages. WASHINGTON: MULLIGAN: Huh Rah! BURR: HAMILTON: I have some questions, a couple of suggestions on how We gotta stop ‘em and rob ‘em of their advantages. to fight instead of fleeing west. MULLIGAN: WASHINGTON: Burr: Rah! Yes? Well— HAMILTON: HAMILTON: Let’s take a stand with the stamina God has granted us. Your Excellency, you wanted to see me? Hamilton won’t abandon ship. Yo, let’s steal their WASHINGTON: cannons—17 Hamilton, come in, have you met Burr? MULLIGAN: HAMILTON: HAMILTON AND BURR: Shh-boom! Boom! Yes, sir. We keep meeting. WASHINGTON: BURR: Goes the cannon, watch the blood and the #### spray As I was saying, sir, I look forward to seeing your and… strategy play out. COMPANY: WASHINGTON: BURR: Boom! Burr? Sir? WASHINGTON: WASHINGTON: Goes the cannon, we’re abandonin’ Kips Bay and…18 Close the door on your way out. COMPANY: HAMILTON: Boom! Have I done something wrong, sir? WASHINGTON: COMPANY: WASHINGTON: There’s another ship and… Boom! On the contrary, I called you here because our odds are WASHINGTON: COMPANY: beyond scary. We just lost the southern tip and… Boom! Your reputation precedes you, but I have to laugh. WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: We gotta run to Harlem quick, we can’t afford another Sir? slip. Guns and horses giddy-up. I decide to divvy up. My WASHINGTON: forces, they’re skittish as the British cut the city up. This Hamilton, how come no one can get you on their staff? close to giving up, facing mad scrutiny. I scream in the HAMILTON: face of this mass mutiny: Sir! Are these the men with which I am to defend America?19 We ride at midnight, Manhattan in the 12

WASHINGTON: ENSEMBLE: Don’t get me wrong, you’re a young man of great Here comes the General! renown. I know you stole British cannons when we HAMILTON: were still downtown. Nathaniel Green and Rise up! Rise up! wanted to hire you… ENSEMBLE: HAMILTON: HAMILTON: Here comes the General! Rise up! To be their Secretary? I don’t think so. COMPANY: WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: Boom! Chicka-boom! Why’re you upset? I’m not— ENSEMBLE: SCHUYLER SISTERS: WASHINGTON: Here comes the General! Rise up! It’s alright, you want to fight, you’ve got a hunger. I was SCHUYLER SISTERS AND WOMEN: just like you when I was younger. Head full of fantasies Rise up! of dyin’ like a martyr? ELIZA/ANGELICA/PEGGY: HAMILTON: Whoa, whoa, whoa... Whoa, whoa, whoa... Yes ELIZA/ANGELICA/PEGGY AND WOMEN: WASHINGTON: Whoa, whoa, whoa… Dying is easy, young man. Living is harder. (2.3A) LAURENS/LAFAYETTE/MULLIGAN: HAMILTON: What? What? What? Why are you telling me this? FULL COMPANY: HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: Here comes the General! What? I’m being honest. I’m working with a third of what our WASHINGTON: FULL COMPANY: Congress has promised. We are a powder keg about to And his right hand man! Boom! explode. I need someone like you to lighten the load. So?21 “Stay Alive” COMPANY (EXCEPT HAMILTON): ELIZA: I am not throwin’ away my shot! I am not throwin’ away Stay alive… my shot! Ayo, I’m just like my country, I’m young ELIZA/ANGELICA/ENSEMBLE WOMEN: scrappy and hungry! Stay alive… HAMILTON: HAMILTON: I am not throwing away my shot! I have never seen the General so despondent. I have WASHINGTON: taken over writing all his correspondence. Congress Son. writes, “George, attack the British forces.” I shoot back, WASHINGON AND COMPANY: we have resorted to eating our horses. (2.3E) Local We are outgunned, outmanned! merchants deny us equipment, assistance. They only HAMILTON: take British money, so sing a song of sixpence. You need all the help you can get. I have some friends. WASHINGTON: Laurens, Mulligan, Marquis de Lafayette, okay, what The cavalry’s not coming. else? (2.3C) HAMILTON: WASHINGTON AND COMPANY: But, sir! Outnumbered, outplanned! WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: Alex, listen. There’s only one way for us to win this. We’ll need some spies on the inside. Provoke outrage, outright. Some King’s men who might let some things slide. HAMILTON: HAMILTON: That’s right. I’ll write to Congress and tell ‘em we need supplies, you WASHINGTON: 22 rally the guys, master the element of surprise. (2.3A) Don’t engage, strike by night. I’ll rise above my station, organize your information, ‘til Remain relentless ‘til their troops take flight. we rise to the occasion of our new nation. Sir! 13

HAMILTON: LEE: Make it impossible to justify the cost of the fight.23 But there’s so many of them! WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: Outrun Outrun I’m sorry, is this not your speed?! WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: Hamilton! Outlast Outlast HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: Ready, sir! Hit ‘em quick, get out fast. WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: Have Lafayette take the lead! (2.3C) Chick-a-plao! HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: Yes, sir! Stay alive ‘til this horror show is past. LAURENS: We’re gonna fly a lot of flags half-mast. A thousand soldiers die in a hundred degree heat. HAMILTON/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE: LAFAYETTE: Raise a glass! As we snatch a stalemate from the jaws of defeat.26 MULLIGAN: HAMILTON: I go back to New York and my apprenticeship. Charles Lee was left behind without a pot to piss in. LAFAYETTE: He started sayin’ this to anybody who would listen: I ask for French aid, I pray that France has sent a ship. LEE: (2.3C) Washington cannot be left alone to his devices. LAURENS: Indecisive, from crisis to crisis. The best thing he can do I stay at work with Hamilton. We write essays against for the revolution is turn n’ go back to plantin’ tobacco slavery. (4.5) And every day’s a test of our camaraderie in Mount Vernon. and bravery. COMPANY: HAMILTON: Oo!! We cut supply lines, we steal contraband. We pick and WASHINGTON: choose our battles and places to take a stand. And ev’ry Don’t do a thing. History will prove him wrong. day “Sir, entrust me with a command,” and ev’ry day HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: But, sir! No WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: We have a war to fight, let’s move along. He dismisses me out of hand. LAURENS: HAMILTON: Strong words from Lee, someone oughta hold him to it. Instead of me, he promotes Charles Lee.24 HAMILTON: Makes him second-in-command. I can’t disobey direct orders. LEE: ELIZA/ANGELICA: LAURENS: Charles Lee. Stay alive… Then I’ll do it. LEE: I’m a General, Whee!!! Alexander, you’re the closest friend I’ve got. HAMILTON: HAMILTON: Yeah. He’s not the choice I would have gone with. Laurens, do not throw away your shot.27 HAMILTON/LAURENS/LAFAYETTE: 25 He #### the bed at the . WASHINGTON: LEE: Ev’ryone attack! Retreat!

WASHINGTON: LEE: Attack! Retreat! WASHINGTON:

What are you doing, Lee? Get back on your feet! (2.3A) 14

“Guns and Ships” LAFAYETTE: BURR: Sir, you’re gonna have to use him eventually. How does a ragtag volunteer army in need of a shower What’s he gonna do on the bench? I mean— Somehow defeat a global superpower? (2.1) How do we WASHINGTON AND COMPANY: emerge victorious from the quagmire? Leave the Hamilton! battlefield waving Betsy Ross’ flag higher?28 Yo. Turns LAFAYETTE: out we have a secret weapon! An immigrant you know No one has more resilience or matches my practical and love who’s unafraid to step in! He’s constantly tactical brilliance— confusin’, confoundin’ the British henchmen. Ev’ryone WASHINGTON AND COMPANY: give it up for America’s favorite fighting Frenchman! Hamilton! COMPANY: LAFAYETTE: Lafayette! You wanna fight for your land back? LAFAYETTE: WASHINGTON: I’m takin this horse by the reins makin’ Redcoats redder I need my right hand man back! with bloodstains. LAFAYETTE: COMPANY: Ah! Uh, get ya right hand man back. Lafayette! You know you gotta get ya right hand man back. LAFAYETTE: I mean you gotta put some thought into the letter but And I’m never gonna stop until I make ‘em drop and the sooner the better to get your right hand man back! burn ‘em up and scatter their remains, I’m COMPANY: WOMEN: COMPANY: Hamilton! Hamilton! Lafayette! Hamilton! LAFAYETTE: Hamilton, Hamilton! Watch me engagin’ em! Escapin’ em! Enragin’ em! I’m— Ha— ha—! COMPANY: MEN: Lafayette! Get your right hand man back! LAFAYETTE: Your right hand man back! I go to France for more funds. (2.3C) Hamilton! Ha— Ha— COMPANY: LAFAYETTE: Hamilton, Hamilton! Ha— ha—! Lafayette! I come back with more. (2.3C) WASHINGTON: LAFAYETTE AND ENSEMBLE: Alexander Hamilton, troops are waiting in the field for Guns and ships, and so the balance shifts. you. If you join us right now, together we can turn the WASHINGTON: tide. (2.3B) Oh, Alexander Hamilton, I have soldiers that We rendezvous with Rochambeau,29 consolidate their will yield for you. If we manage to get this right, they’ll gifts. surrender by early light. The world will never be the LAFAYETTE: same, Alexander… We can end this war at Yorktown, cut them off at sea, (2.3F) but for this to succeed, there is someone else we “Yorktown (The World Turned Upside Down)” need: COMPANY: WASHINGTON: The battle of Yorktown. 1781. (2.3F) I know LAFAYETTE: HAMILTON: WASHINGTON AND COMPANY: Monsieur Hamilton Monsieur Lafayette Hamilton! LAFAYETTE: LAFAYETTE: In command where you belong. Sir, he knows what to do in a trench. Ingenuitive and HAMILTON: fluent in French, I mean— How you say, no sweat. We're finally on the field. WASHINGTON AND COMPANY: We’ve had quite a run. Hamilton! 15

LAFAYETTE: HAMILTON/LAFAYETTE: HAMILTON: Immigrants: We get the job done. You have your orders now, go, man, go! And so the HAMILTON: American experiment begins with my friends all So what happens if we win? scattered to the winds. Laurens is in South Carolina, LAFAYETTE: redefining brav’ry. I go back to France. HAMILTON/LAURENS: I bring freedom to my people if I’m given the chance.30 We’ll never be free until we end slavery! (4.5) HAMILTON: HAMILTON: We’ll be with you when you do. When we finally drive the British away, LAFAYETTE: Lafayette is there waiting— (2.3C) Go lead your men. HAMILTON/LAFAYETTE: HAMILTON: In Chesapeake Bay! See you on the other side. HAMILTON: LAFAYETTE: How did we know that this plan would work? ‘Til we meet again, let’s go! We had a spy on the inside. That’s right ENSEMBLE: HAMILTON/COMPANY: I am not throwin’ away my shot! I am not throwin’ away Hercules Mulligan! my shot! Hey yo, I’m just like my country, I’m young MULLIGAN: scrappy and hungry, and I’m not throwin’ away my A tailor spyin’ on the British government! I take their shot! I am not throwin’ away my shot! measurements, information and then I smuggle it HAMILTON: COMPANY: ‘Til the world turns upside down… Up ENSEMBLE: MULLIGAN: ‘Til the world turns upside down! To my brother's revolutionary covenant, I’m runnin’ HAMILTON: with the Sons of Liberty32 and I am lovin’ it! (1.2B) See, I imagine death so much it feels more like a memory. that’s what happens when you up against the ruffians. This is where it gets me: on my feet, the enemy ahead We in the #### now, somebody gotta shovel it! of me. If this is the end of me, at least I have a friend Hercules Mulligan, I need no introduction. When you with me. Weapon in my hand, a command, and my men knock me down I get the #### back up again! with me. Then I remember my Eliza’s expecting me... COMPANY: Not only that, my Eliza’s expecting. We gotta go, gotta Left! Right! Hold! Go! What! What! What! get the job done. Gotta start a new nation, (3.1) gotta HAMILTON: meet my son! Take the bullets out your gun! After a week of fighting, a young man in a red coat ENSEMBLE: HAMILTON: stands on a parapet. What? The bullets out your gun! LAFAYETTE: ENSEMBLE: We lower our guns as he frantically waves a white What? handkerchief.33 (2.3F) HAMILTON: MULLIGAN: We move under cover and we move as one. Through And just like that, it’s over. We tend to our wounded, the night, we have one shot to live another day. We we count our dead. cannot let a stray gunshot give us away.31 We will fight LAURENS: up close, seize the moment and stay in it. It’s either that Black and white soldiers wonder alike if this really or meet the business end of a bayonet. (2.3F) means freedom. (2.2B) The code word is ‘Rochambeau,’ dig me? WASHINGTON: ENSEMBLE: Not. Yet. Rochambeau! HAMILTON: We negotiate the terms of surrender. I see George Washington smile. We escort their men out of 16

Yorktown. They stagger home single file. Tens of murder trial of our brand-new nation.34 The liberty thousands of people flood the streets. There are behind deliberation— screams and church bells ringing. And as our fallen foes ENSEMBLE: retreat. I hear the drinking song they’re singing… Non-stop! ALL MEN: HAMILTON: The world turned upside down I intend to prove beyond a shadow of a doubt with my FULL COMPANY: assistant counsel— The world turned upside down BURR: The world turned upside down Co-counsel. Hamilton, sit down. Our client Levi Weeks is The world turned upside down innocent. Call your first witness. Down, Down, down, down That’s all you had to say! LAFAYETTE: HAMILTON: Freedom for America, freedom for France! Okay! One more thing— COMPANY: BURR: Down, down, down Why do you assume you’re the smartest in the room? HAMILTON: Why do you assume you’re the smartest in the room? Gotta start a new nation. (3.1) Gotta meet my son. Why do you assume you’re the smartest in the room? COMPANY: Soon that attitude may be your doom! Down, down, down ENSEMBLE: MULLIGAN: Awwww! We won! BURR: LAFAYETTE: Why do you write like you’re running out of time? We won! Write day and night like you’re running out of time? MULLIGAN/LAFAYETTE/LAURENS: Ev’ry day you fight, like you’re running out of time. We won! Keep on fighting. In the meantime— MULLIGAN/LAFAYETTE/LAURENS/HAM./WASHINGTON: ENSEMBLE: We won! Why do you write like you’re running out of time? COMPANY: Ev’ry day you fight, like you’re running out of time. The world turned upside down! Non-stop! HAMILTON: “Non-Stop” Corruption’s such an old song that we can sing along in BURR: harmony. And nowhere is it stronger than in Albany. After the war I went back to New York. This colony’s economy’s increasingly stalling and HAMILTON: HAMILTON: A-After the war I went back to New York. Honestly, that’s why public service seems to be calling BURR: me. I finished up my studies and I practiced law. BURR & ENSEMBLE: HAMILTON: He’s just non-stop! I practiced law, Burr worked next door. HAMILTON: BURR: I practiced the law, I practic’ly perfected it. I’ve seen Even though we started at the very same time. injustice in the world and I’ve corrected it. Now for a Alexander Hamilton began to climb. How to account for strong central democracy. (3.3) If not, then I’ll be his rise to the top? Maaaaan, the man is Socrates throwing verbal rocks at these mediocrities. BURR & ENSEMBLE: ENSEMBLE: Non-stop! Awww! HAMILTON: BURR: Gentlemen of the jury, I’m curious, bear with me. Are Hamilton, at the Constitutional Convention: (3.2) you aware that we’re making hist’ry? This is the first 17

HAMILTON: BURR: I was chosen for the Constitutional Convention! Who’s your client? BURR: HAMILTON: There as a New York junior delegate:35 The new U.S. Constitution? (3.3) HAMILTON: BURR: HAMILTON: BURR: Now what I’m going to say may sound indelicate… No Hear me out. No way! BURR: HAMILTON: Goes and proposes his own form of government! A series of essays, anonymously published defending His own plan for a new form of government! the document to the public. (3.3) COMPANY: BURR: Awwww! What? What? No one will read it. BURR: HAMILTON: Talks for six hours! The convention is listless!36 I disagree ENSEMBLE MEN: BURR: Bright young man… Yo, who the f is this? And if it fails? BURR: HAMILTON: Why do you always say what you believe? Burr, that’s why we need it. Why do you always say what you believe? BURR: Ev’ry proclamation guarantees free ammunition for The constitution’s a mess.37 your enemies! HAMILTON: BURR & MEN: So it needs amendments. (3.5) Why do you write like it’s going out of style? BURR: Write day and night like it’s going out of style? It’s full of contradictions. COMPANY: HAMILTON: Why do you always say what you believe? Awww! So is independence. We have to start somewhere. ALL WOMEN: BURR: HAMILTON: Going out of style, hey! Going out of style, hey! No. No way You’re making a mistake. BURR & COMPANY: BURR: Ev’ry day you fight like it’s going out of style. Good night Do what you do HAMILTON: Hey. What are you waiting for? BURR: HAMILTON: What do you stall for? Alexander? Aaron Burr, sir. BURR: BURR: What? It’s the middle of the night. HAMILTON: HAMILTON: BURR: We won the war. What was it all for? Can we confer, sir? Is this a legal matter? Do you support this constitution? HAMILTON: BURR: Yes, and it’s important to me. Of course. BURR: HAMILTON: What do you need? Then defend it. HAMILTON: BURR: Burr, you’re a better lawyer than me And what if you’re backing the wrong horse? BURR: HAMILTON: Okay Burr, we studied and we fought and we killed for the HAMILTON: notion of a nation we now get to build. For once in your I know I talk too much, I’m abrasive. You’re incredible in life, take a stand with pride. I don’t understand how you court. You’re succinct, persuasive. My client needs a stand to the side. strong defense. You’re the solution. 18

BURR: Ev’ry second you’re alive? Ev’ry second you’re alive? I’ll keep all my plans close to my chest. I’ll wait here and WASHINGTON: see which way the wind will blow. I’m taking my time They are asking me to lead. (3.2) I am doing the best I watching the afterbirth of a nation, watching the can to get the people that I need. I’m asking you to be tension grow. my right hand man. ENSEMBLE: HAMILTON: Wait for it, wait for it, wait… Which way the wind Treasury or State? will blow. I’m taking my time watching the afterbirth of WASHINGTON: a nation, watching the tension grow. I know it’s a lot to ask. ANGELICA: HAMILTON: I am sailing off to London. I’m accompanied by someone Treasury or State? who always pays. I have found a wealthy husband who WASHINGTON: will keep me in comfort for all my days.38 He is not a lot To leave behind the world you know… of fun, but there’s no one who can match you for turn HAMILTON: of phrase, my Alexander. Sir, do you want me to run the Treasury or State HAMILTON: department? Angelica WASHINGTON: ANGELICA: Treasury Don’t forget to write. HAMILTON: ELIZA: ELIZA: Let’s go Alexander… Look at where you are. Look at where you started. HAMILTON: The fact that you’re alive is a miracle. Just stay alive, I have to leave that would be enough. And if your wife could share a ELIZA: fraction of your time. If I could grant you peace of mind. Alexander— Would that be enough? HAMILTON: BURR: Look around, look around at how lucky we are to be Alexander joins forces with James Madison and alive right now. to write a series of essays defending the new United ELIZA: HAMILTON: States Constitution, entitled The Federalist Papers. The Helpless… They are asking me to lead. plan was to write a total of twenty-five essays, the work ELIZA: divided evenly among the three men. In the end, they Look around, isn’t this enough? wrote eighty-five essays, in the span of six months. John ANGELICA: Jay got sick after writing five. James Madison wrote He will never be satisfied. He will never be satisfied. twenty-nine. Hamilton wrote the other fifty-one!39 (3.3) Satisfied. Satisfied… He will never be satisfied. BURR: Satisfied… Satisfied... Why do you fight like How do you write like you’re running out of time? ELIZA: Write day and night like you’re running out of time? What would be enough to be satisfied. Satisfied. BURR AND MEN: Satisfied… Look around. Look around! Ev’ry day you fight like you’re running out of time, like Isn’t this enough? What would be enough? you’re running out of time. Are you running out of Why do you fight like time? WASHINGTON: ALL WOMEN: History has its eyes… On… You! Running out of time? Running out of time? WASH/MULL/LAUR/LAF: Running out of time. Running out of time. Awwww! History has its eyes… On… You... FULL COMPANY (EXCEPT HAMILTON): BURR: How do you write like tomorrow won’t arrive? Why do you assume you’re the smartest in the room? How do you write like you need it to survive? Why do you assume you’re the smartest in the room? How do you write ev’ry second you’re alive? Why do you assume you’re the smartest in the room? 19

Soon that attitude’s gonna be your doom! I’ve been in Paris meeting lots of different ladies... Why do you fight like you’re running out of time? I guess I basic’lly missed the late eighties... Why do you fight like I traveled the wide, wide world and came back to this… All: JEFFERSON: Non-stop! Non-stop! Non-stop! Non-stop! There’s a letter on my desk from the President. Haven’t COMPANY: even put my bags down yet. Sally be a lamb, darlin’,42 History has its eyes on you. won’tcha open it? It says the President’s assembling a HAMILTON: cabinet, and that I am to be the Secretary of State, I am not throwin’ away my shot! I am not throwin’ away great! And that I’m already Senate-approved... my shot! I am Alexander Hamilton! I just got home and now I’m headed up to New York. I am not throwin’ away my shot! ENSEMBLE: MEN: Headin’ to New York! Just you wait! Headin’ to New York! FULL COMPANY: JEFFERSON: Just you wait! Alexander Hamilton. Lookin’ at the rolling fields I can’t believe that we are Hamilton, just you wait! free. Ready to face whatever’s awaiting me in N.Y.C. ENSEMBLE: “What’d I Miss” Believe that we are free / me in N.Y.C. COMPANY: JEFFERSON: Seventeen. Se- se- seventeen... Se- se- seventeen… But who’s waitin’ for me when I step in the place? BURR: My friend James Madison, red in the face. He grabs my 1789, How does the bastard orphan immigrant arm and I respond “What’s goin’ on?” decorated war vet unite the colonies through more MADISON: debt? Fight the other founding fathers til he has to Thomas, we are engaged in a battle for our nation’s forfeit? Have it all, lose it all. You ready for more yet? very soul. Can you get us out of the mess we’re in? Treasury Secretary. Washington’s the President. Ev’ry Hamilton’s new financial plan is nothing less than American experiment sets a precedent. Not so fast. government control.43 I’ve been fighting for the South Someone came along to resist him, pissed him off until alone. Where have you been? (3.3) 40 we had a two-party system. You haven’t met him yet, ENSEMBLE: JEFFERSON: you haven’t had the chance, ‘cause he’s been kickin’ Aaa-ooo! Uh...France. ### as the ambassador to France. But someone’s gotta MADISON: keep the American promise. You simply must meet We have to win. Thomas. Thomas! JEFFERSON: COMPANY: What’d I miss? What’d I miss? Headfirst into a political Thomas Jefferson’s coming home! abyss! I have my first cabinet meeting today. I guess I Thomas Jefferson’s coming home Lord he’s been off in better think of something to say. I’m already on my 41 Paris for so long! Aaa-ooo! Aaa-ooo! way. Let’s get to the bottom of this… JEFFERSON: ENSEMBLE: France is following us to revolution. There is no more Wha? Wha? What’d I miss? I’ve come home to this? status quo. But the sun comes up and the world still Headfirst, into the abyss! Chik-a-pow! On my way. spins. What did I miss? Ahhh ah! JEFFERSON: WASHINGTON: I helped Lafayette draft a declaration then I said, ‘I gotta Mr. Jefferson, welcome home. go. I gotta be in Monticello.’ Now the work at home HAMILTON: begins… Mr. Jefferson? Alexander Hamilton. JEFFERSON: WASHINGTON AND ENSEMBLE: So what’d I miss? What’d I miss? Mr. Jefferson, welcome home. Virginia, my home sweet home, I wanna give you a kiss. 20

COMPANY: to join us, or stay mellow, doin’ whatever the hell it is Mr. Jefferson, welcome home. you do in Monticello? If we assume the debts, the union Sir, you’ve been off in Paris for so long! gets a new line of credit, a financial diuretic. How do JEFFERSON: you not get it? If we’re aggressive and competitive, the So what did I miss? union gets a boost. You’d rather give it a sedative? A civics lesson from a slaver. Hey neighbor, your debts “Cabinet Battle #1” are paid cuz you don’t pay for labor.47 “We plant seeds WASHINGTON: in the South. We create.” Yeah, keep ranting. Ladies and gentlemen, you coulda been anywhere in We know who’s really doing the planting. (4.5) the world tonight, but you’re here with us in New York And another thing, Mr. Age of Enlightenment. Don’t City. Are you ready for a cabinet meeting??? lecture me about the war, you didn’t fight in it.48 You The issue on the table: Secretary Hamilton’s plan to think I’m frightened of you, man? We almost died in the assume state debt and establish a national bank. trench. While you were off getting high with the Secretary Jefferson, you have the floor, sir. French.49 Thomas Jefferson, always hesitant with the JEFFERSON: President. Reticent—there isn’t a plan he doesn’t ‘Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.’ jettison. Madison, you’re mad as a hatter, son, take We fought for these ideals; we shouldn’t settle for less. your medicine. Damn, you’re in worse shape than the These are wise words, enterprising men quote ‘em. national debt is in. Sittin’ there useless as two ####. Don’t act surprised, you guys, cuz I wrote ‘em. (1.4D) Hey, turn around, bend over, I’ll show you where my JEFFERSON/MADISON: shoe fits. Oww WASHINGTON: JEFFERSON: Excuse me? Madison, Jefferson, take a walk! Hamilton, But Hamilton forgets. His plan would have the take a walk! We’ll reconvene after a brief recess. government assume state’s debts. Hamilton! Now, place your bets as to who that benefits: HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: The very seat of government where Hamilton sits. Sir! A word. HAMILTON: MADISON: Not true! You don’t have the votes. JEFFERSON: JEFFERSON/MADISON: Ooh, if the shoe fits, wear it. If New York’s in debt— You don’t have the votes. 44 Why should Virginia bear it? Uh! Our debts are paid, JEFFERSON: I’m afraid. Don’t tax the South cuz we got it made in the Aha-ha-ha ha! shade. In Virginia, we plant seeds in the ground. JEFFERSON/MADISON: We create. You just wanna move our money around. You’re gonna need congressional approval and you This financial plan is an outrageous demand. And it’s don’t have the votes. 45 too many damn pages for any man to understand. JEFFERSON: Stand with me in the land of the free. And pray to God Such a blunder sometimes it makes me wonder why I 46 we never see Hamilton’s candidacy. Look, when even bring the thunder. Britain taxed our tea, we got frisky. (1.2B) Imagine what MADISON: gon’ happen when you try to tax our whisky. (4.1A) Why he even brings the thunder… CROWD: (reacting) WASHINGTON: That's my alcohol! You wanna pull yourself together? WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: Thank you, Secretary Jefferson. Secretary Hamilton, I’m sorry, these Virginians are birds of a feather. your response. WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: Young man, I’m from Virginia, so watch your mouth. Thomas. That was a real nice declaration. Welcome to HAMILTON: the present, we’re running a real nation. Would you like So we let Congress get held hostage by the South? 21

WASHINGTON: the time to stand. Stand with our brothers as they fight You need the votes. against tyranny. I know that Alexander Hamilton is here HAMILTON: and he would rather not have this debate. I’ll remind No, we need bold strokes. We need this plan. you that he is not Secretary of State. He knows nothing WASHINGTON: of loyalty. Smells like new money, dresses like fake No, you need to convince more folks. royalty. Desperate to rise above his station. HAMILTON: Everything he does betrays the ideals of our nation. James Madison won’t talk to me, that’s a nonstarter. ENSEMBLE: WASHINGTON: Ooh!! Winning was easy, young man. Governing’s harder. JEFFERSON: (2.3A) Hey, and if ya don’t know, now ya know, Mr. President. HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: They’re being intransigent. Thank you, Secretary Jefferson. Secretary Hamilton, WASHINGTON: your response. You have to find a compromise. HAMILTON: HAMILTON: You must be out of your ####### mind if you think But they don’t have a plan, they just hate mine! the President is gonna bring the nation to the brink of WASHINGTON: meddling in the middle of a military mess. A game of Convince them otherwise. chess, where France is Queen and Kingless. We signed a HAMILTON: treaty with a King whose head is now in a basket. What happens if I don’t get congressional approval? Would you like to take it out and ask it? “Should we WASHINGTON: honor our treaty, King Louis’ head?” I imagine they’ll call for your removal. “Uh… do whatever you want, I’m super dead.”51 HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: Sir— Enough. Hamilton is right. WASHINGTON: JEFFERSON: Figure it out, Alexander. That’s an order from your Mr. President— commander. WASHINGTON: We’re too fragile to start another fight. “Cabinet Battle #2” JEFFERSON: WASHINGTON: But sir, do we not fight for freedom? The issue on the table: France is on the verge of war WASHINGTON: with , and do we provide aid and our troops to Sure, when the French figure out who’s gonna lead ‘em. our French allies or do we stay out of it? Remember, my JEFFERSON: decision on this matter is not subject to congressional The people are leading— approval. The only person you have to convince is me. WASHINGTON: Secretary Jefferson, you have the floor, sir The people are rioting. There’s a difference. Frankly, it’s JEFFERSON: a little disquieting you would let your ideals blind you to When we were on death’s door, when we were needy. reality. Hamilton. 50 We made a promise, we signed a treaty. We needed HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: money and guns and half a chance. Sir. Draft a statement of neutrality. Who provided those funds? JEFFERSON: HAMILTON: MADISON: Did you forget Lafayette? What? France JEFFERSON: JEFFERSON: Have you an ounce of regret? You accumulate debt, you In return, they didn’t ask for land, only a promise that accumulate power. Yet in their hour of need, we’d lend a hand. And stand with them if they fought you forget. against oppressors. And revolution is messy but now is 22

HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: Lafayette’s a smart man, he’ll be fine. And before he I need you to draft an address. was your friend, he was mine.52 If we try to fight in HAMILTON: every revolution in the world, we never stop. Yes! He resigned. You can finally speak your mind— Where do we draw the line? WASHINGTON: JEFFERSON: HAMILTON: No, he’s stepping down so he can run for President. So quick-witted. Alas, I admit it. HAMILTON: JEFFERSON: Ha. Good luck defeating you, sir. I bet you were quite a lawyer. WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: I’m stepping down. I’m not running for President.55 My defendants got acquitted. (4.1B) JEFFERSON: HAMILTON: Yeah. Well, someone oughta remind you. I’m sorry, what? HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: What? One last time. Relax, have a drink with me. One last JEFFERSON: time. Let’s take a break tonight. And then we’ll teach You’re nothing without Washington behind you. them how to say goodbye. To say goodbye. You and I. WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: Hamilton! No, sir, why? JEFFERSON: WASHINGTON: Daddy’s calling! I wanna talk about neutrality. HAMILTON: “One Last Time” Sir, with Britain and France on the verge of war, is this HAMILTON: the best time— Mr. President, you asked to see me? WASHINGTON: WASHINGTON: I want to warn against partisan fighting.56 I know you’re busy. HAMILTON: HAMILTON: But— What do you need, sir? Sir? WASHINGTON: WASHINGTON: Pick up a pen, start writing. I wanna talk about what I I wanna give you a word of warning. have learned, the hard-won wisdom I have earned. HAMILTON: HAMILTON: Sir, I don’t know what you heard. As far as the people are concerned, you have to serve, But whatever it is, Jefferson started it. you could continue to serve— WASHINGTON: WASHINGTON: 53 Thomas Jefferson resigned this morning. No! One last time. The people will hear from me. HAMILTON: One last time. And if we get this right, we’re gonna You’re kidding. teach ‘em how to say goodbye. You and I— WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: I need a favor. Mr. President, they will say you’re weak. HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: Whatever you say, sir, Jefferson will pay for his No, they will see we’re strong. behavior. HAMILTON: WASHINGTON: Your position is so unique. Shh. Talk less. WASHINGTON: HAMILTON: So I’ll use it to move them along. 54 I’ll use the press. I’ll write under a pseudonym, you’ll HAMILTON: see what I can do to him— Why do you have to say goodbye? 23

WASHINGTON: BURR/COMPANY: If I say goodbye, the nation learns to move on. It The Adams administration! outlives me when I’m gone. Like the scripture says: BURR: “Everyone shall sit under their own vine and fig tree Jefferson’s the runner-up, which makes him the Vice And no one shall make them afraid.”57 They’ll be safe in President.58 the nation we’ve made. I wanna sit under my own vine JEFFERSON: and fig tree. A moment alone in the shade. At home in Washington can’t help you now, no more mister nice this nation we’ve made. One last time. President. HAMILTON: BURR: One last time. Though, in reviewing the incidents of my Adams fires Hamilton, privately calls him “creole administration, I am unconscious of intentional error, I bastard” in his taunts. (4.1C) am nevertheless too sensible of my defects not to think JEFFERSON: it probable that I may have committed many errors. I Say what?! shall also carry with me the hope that my country will BURR: view them with indulgence; and that after forty-five Hamilton publishes his response. years of my life dedicated to its service with an upright HAMILTON: zeal. The faults of incompetent abilities will be Sit down, John, you fat #######—[BLEEP] consigned to oblivion, as I myself must soon be to the BURR: mansions of rest. I anticipate with pleasing expectation Hamilton is out of control. that retreat in which I promise myself to realize the MADISON: sweet enjoyment of partaking, in the midst of my This is great! He’s out of power. He holds no office. And fellow-citizens, the benign influence of good laws. he just destroyed President , the only other Under a free government, the ever-favorite object of significant member of his party. my heart, and the happy reward, as I trust of our JEFFERSON: mutual cares, labors, and dangers. (4.1B) Hamilton’s a host unto himself.59 As long as he can hold WASHINGTON: a pen, he’s a threat. Let’s let him know what we know. One last time ALL WOMEN: “The Election of 1800” George Washington’s going home! FULL COMPANY: HAMILTON: The election of 1800 (4.1D) Teach ‘em how to say goodbye. JEFFERSON: MADISON: WASHINGTON: Can we get back to politics? Please? You and I. Going home. History has its eyes on you. JEFFERSON: We’re gonna teach ‘em how to say goodbye! Yo. Ev’ry action has an equal, opposite reaction. John Teach ‘em how to say goodbye! To say goodbye! Adams shat the bed. I love the guy, but he’s in traction. Say goodbye! One last time! Poor Alexander Hamilton? He is missing in action COMPANY: So now I’m facing— George Washington’s going home. JEFFERSON AND MADISON: JEFFERSON: Teach ‘em how to say goodbye! Teach ‘em how! Aaron Burr! With his own faction. Say goodbye! Say goodbye! One last time! MADISON: He’s very attractive in the North. New Yorkers like his “The Adams Administration” chances. BURR: JEFFERSON: How does Hamilton the short-tempered protean He’s not very forthcoming on any particular stances. creator of the Coast Guard, founder of the New York MADISON: Post, ardently abuse his cab’net post? Destroy his Ask him a question: it glances off, he obfuscates, he reputation? Welcome, folks, to dances.

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JEFFERSON: ENSEMBLE: And they say I’m a Francophile: at least they know I Dear Mr. Hamilton: your fellow Fed’ralists would like to know where France is! know how you’ll be voting. MADISON: HAMILTON: Thomas that’s the problem, see, they see Burr as a less It’s quiet uptown. extreme you. ENSEMBLE: JEFFERSON: Dear Mr. Hamilton: John Adams doesn’t stand a chance, Ha! so who are you promoting? MADISON: HAMILTON: You need to change course, a key endorsement might It’s quiet uptown. redeem you. MEN: JEFFERSON: Jefferson or Burr? We know it’s lose-lose. Who did you have in mind? Jefferson or Burr? But if you had to choose. MADISON: JEFFERSON: WOMEN: Don’t laugh. Who is it? Jefferson or Burr? We know it’s lose-lose. MADISON: Jefferson or Burr? But if you had to choose. You used to work on the same staff. EVEN MORE VOTERS: JEFFERSON: Dear Mr. Hamilton: John Adams doesn’t stand a chance Whaaaat so who are you promoting? But if you had to choose. MADISON: MEN: It might be nice, it might be nice Jefferson or Burr? We know it’s lose-lose. to get Hamilton on your side. Jefferson or Burr? But if you had to choose. JEFFERSON AND MADISON: WOMEN: It might be nice, it might be nice Jefferson or Burr? We know it’s lose-lose. to get Hamilton on your side. Jefferson or Burr? But if you had to choose. BURR: HAMILTON: Talk less! Smile more! Don’t let ‘em know what you’re Well, if it isn’t Aaron Burr. Sir! against or what you’re for! Shake hands with him! BURR: Charm her! It’s eighteen hundred, ladies, tell your Alexander! husbands: vote for Burr!60 (4.5) HAMILTON: ENSEMBLE: You’ve created quite a stir, sir! Burr! Burr! Burr! Burr! Burr! Burr! BURR: MALE VOTER: I’m going door to door! I don’t like Adams. HAMILTON: FEMALE VOTER: You’re openly campaigning?61 Well, he’s gonna lose, that’s just defeatist. BURR: HAMILTON: ANOTHER MALE VOTER: Sure! That’s new. And Jefferson— BURR: TWO MEN: ANOTHER FEMALE VOTER: Honestly, it’s kind of draining. In love with France! Yeah, he’s so elitist! HAMILTON: BURR: TWO WOMEN: Burr— Sir! I like that Aaron Burr! HAMILTON: A WOMAN: Is there anything you wouldn’t do? I can’t believe we’re here with him! BURR: A MAN: No. I’m chasing what I want. And you know what? He seems approachable…? HAMILTON: BURR: ANOTHER MALE VOTER: What? I learned that from you. Like you could grab a beer with him! 25

ENSEMBLE: BURR: If you had to choose. If you had to choose. I look forward to our partnership. MADISON: JEFFERSON: BURR: It’s a tie!62 Our partnership?63 As your vice-president. ENSEMBLE: JEFFERSON: If you had to choose. If you had to choose. Ha. Yeah, right. You hear this guy? Man openly JEFFERSON: campaigns against me, talkin’ bout, “I look forward to It’s up to the delegates! our partnership.” ENSEMBLE: MADISON: If you had to choose. If you had to choose. It’s crazy that the guy who comes in second gets to be JEFFERSON/MADISON: Vice President. It’s up to Hamilton! JEFFERSON: VOTERS: Yeah, you know what? We can change that. You know If you had to choose. If you had to choose. why? If you had to choose / choose / choose! MADISON: MADISON/ENSEMBLE: Why? Jefferson or Burr? Choose / choose / choose! JEFFERSON: ENSEMBLE: ‘cuz I’m the President.64 Hey, Burr, when you see Jefferson or Burr? Choose / choose / choose! Hamilton, thank him for the endorsement. HAMILTON: ENSEMBLE: Yo Oh! HAMILTON: The people are asking to hear my voice. For the country is facing a difficult choice. And if you were to ask me who I’d promote— —Jefferson has my vote. I have never agreed with Jefferson once. We have fought on like seventy-five diff’rent fronts. But when all is said and all is done. Jefferson has beliefs. Burr has none. ENSEMBLE: Oooooooooooooh MADISON AND JEFFERSON: Well, I’ll be damned. Well, I’ll be damned. MADISON: Hamilton’s on your side. ENSEMBLE: Well, I’ll be damned. Well, I’ll be damned. JEFFERSON: MADISON: And? You won in a landslide. BURR: Congrats on a race well-run. I did give you a fight. JEFFERSON: Uh-huh

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1 Alexander Hamilton is on the U.S. ten dollar bill. 32 Hercules Mulligan was a member of the . 2 Hamilton’s job as a teenager included inspecting cargo. 33 October 17, 1781 Cargo which often included enslaved people. 34 Levi Weeks Trial of 1800 3 August 31, 1772 35 The other two New York delegates did not sign the 4 Thomas Stevens, who gave Hamilton his first job, has been Constitution. Hamilton signed it, but technically did not have rumored to be Hamilton’s biological father. legal authority to do so. 5 Aaron Burr was admitted to Princeton at age 13 and 36 Hamilton proposed that the president be elected for life. graduated at age 16. 37 Ratification of the Constitution was not a smooth process. 6 Translation: Beat it! Get lost! 38 Angela Schuyler married John Barker Church against her 7 Hercules Mulligan was an Irish immigrant who helped father’s wishes in 1777. Hamilton gain admission to King’s College. 39 The Federalist Papers were written between October 1787 8 John Laurens grew up in a wealthy slave-trading South and June 1788, coming it at nearly 175,000 words in total, Carolina plantation family, but became an abolitionist. and spawned an entire political party, fittingly named the 9 This is a reference to almost continuous wars between the Federalists. British and the French. 40 The first two American political parties were Hamilton’s 10 Samuel Seabury was a New York pastor and loyalist. Federalists and Jefferson’s Republicans 11 King George III of England 41 Thomas Jefferson lived in Paris as ambassador to France 12 King George actually did “go mad” late in life and was from August 1784 to September 1789. removed from power. 42 Sally Hemings was owned by Jefferson and gave birth to six 13August 22, 1776 – The Invasion of children of whom Jefferson was the father. 14 George Washington’s home in Virginia 43 Hamilton’s big idea was to establish a central bank and 15 Desertion was extremely common in the . have the government assume state debt from the war. 16 Washington retreated across the East River to Manhattan, 44 Jefferson’s home state of Virginia had paid off its war debt. and Howe did not pursue. 45 Hamilton’s “First Report on Public Credit” was over 40,000 17 Hamilton, Mulligan, and friends stole 21 cannons from the words. British on the southern tip of Manhattan. 46 Hamilton was eligible to run for president because he was a 18 September 15, 1776 U.S. citizen when the Constitution was adopted. 19 Washington is said to have rushed the line swatting fleeing 47 Jefferson owned hundreds of enslaved people who lived on Continental soldiers with the flat side of his sword. his plantation called Monticello. 20 Washington rarely directly engaged the British, especially 48 Jefferson was Governor of Virginia from 1779-1781. early in the war. 49 Jefferson grew hemp at Monticello. 21 Hamilton served as Washington's “aide-de-camp”, with the 50 The first treaty ever signed by the U.S. was with France. rank of Colonel. 51 King Louis XVI was executed by guillotine on Jan. 21, 1793. 22 After the disaster in New York, Washington decided to 52 Hamilton became friends with Lafayette in 1777. Jefferson engage in small quick raids to prolong the war. first met Lafayette in 1781. 23 The plan was to fight until Parliament decided the war was 53 It was actually three years between Jefferson’s resignation, not worth it. 1793, and Washington’s farewell address, 1796. 24 Charles Lee was actually expected to be named 54 Hamilton’s many pseudonyms included Publius, Cato, Commander of the Continental Army ahead of Washington. Pacificus, Scipio, and American Farmer. 25 June 28, 1778 – Freehold, New Jersey 55 There were no presidential term limits in 1796. There was 26 British troops left the battlefield at 11 p.m., leaving their overwhelming popular support for a third Washington term. fires burning and tricking Washington into thinking they were 56 Washington did not like the idea of political parties. He staying overnight. When he arrived at dawn with fresh troops referred to them as “factions”. to continue, the British were gone. 57 Micah 4:4 27 Laurens and Lee dueled. Lee was slightly injured, and the 58 Until 1804, members of the electoral college each cast two two talked it out on the way back to town. votes. The second-highest vote-getter became Vice President. 28 It is said that Washington wanted 6 pointed stars, but Betsy 59 This is directly from a letter from Jefferson to Madison. Ross used 5 pointed stars because they were easier to make. 60 Women did not gain the right to vote until 1920. 29 Rochambeau was commander-in-chief of the French forces 61 Burr is considered the father of political campaigning. sent to aid the American revolutionaries. 62 Jefferson and Burr each received 73 electoral college votes. 30 Lafayette was a major figure in the French Revolution of 63 While Jefferson did serve two full terms as President, Burr 1789. only served as Vice President for one. 31 On October 14, 1781, Hamilton prepared his men to charge 64 The 12th Amendment to the Constitution instituted the and capture Redoubt #10. He ordered his troops to fix present system wherein electors cast separate ballots for bayonets and to unload their muskets, in fear that a president and vice president. discharge would alert the British.