7 X 11 Long.P65

Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-02884-4 - The Music and Thought of Michael Tippett: Modern Times and Metaphysics David Clarke Index More information

Index

a priori conditions/knowledge, 10, 69, 149, analysis, musical, 6, 24, 26, 28, 34–5, 46, 58, 184, 186, 202 60, 97, 105, 157, 164, 172, 174, Abbate, Carolyn, 163, 167, 182 175–9, 196–9, 208, 213–19, 227, absolute, the, 5, 15, 33, 96, 139, 140, 142, 237, 241, 245 154, 227, 243, 263, 281 n.!77, 288 androgyny, 233, 261, 277 n.!24, 281 n.!78 n.!25, 292 n.!74 Annan, Noel, 228–9 absolute music, 142 Ansell-Pearson, Keith, 284 n.!138, n.!140 abstraction, 2, 12, 19–20, 23, 26, 27, 31, 74, anthropomorphism, 47, 201 150, 202, 228, 243–8 anti-democratism, 89, 244; see also absurdity, 66–7, 148, 268 democratism Adorno, Theodor, W., 6, 8, 9, 33–4, 93, antihumanism, 90–2, 94–5, 240, 245; see 125–6, 138, 139–41, 144–5, 151, also posthumanism 188, 201–2, 204, 208, 222, 223, antinomy, 9, 103, 136, 138, 140, 144, 207, 227–8, 229, 231, 289 n.!42, 295 n.!13, 243; see also dialectics; dualism; 300 n.!80, 301 n.!97, 303–4 n.!13, 306 polarity n.!46, 307 n.!49 anti-Semitism, 245, 247, 269 Aeolian mode, see mode, Aeolian Apollo, 42, 45, 71, 191, 245–6, 277 n.!24; see aesthetic, the, 3, 37, 44, 46, 56, 67, 72, 84, also Apollonian, the 91, 94, 105, 106, 111, 149, 179, 184, Apollonian, the, 6, 37, 41, 43–7, 51–4, 57, 188, 202, 246, 263; see also aesthetics 64, 65, 67–8, 71, 75, 84, 246–7, 254, aesthetics, 3, 4, 6, 7, 12, 35, 36, 38, 47, 50, 258, 268–9, 278 n.!41, n.!46; see also 67, 84, 86, 87–8, 91, 105, 108, 126, Apollo 136, 139, 141, 159, 163, 184, 187, aporia, 130–1, 141, 144, 185–8, 200, 234, 189–90, 197, 200–3, 223, 231, 235, 301 n.!97 236, 237, 239, 243, 244–5, 246, 254, appearance, 44–5, 52–3, 60, 94, 151, 183, 256, 261, 269; see also aesthetic, the; 197; see also phenomenon autonomy, artistic; Tippett, archaism, 18, 29, 31, 51, 156 Michael, aesthetics of archetype, 14, 18, 29, 56, 58, 65, 80, 90, 119, aﬃrmation, 4, 10, 15, 36, 39, 63, 65, 86, 89, 137, 142, 181, 202, 209, 240, 242, 91–2, 94–5, 104, 146, 148, 149, 151, 244, 259, 274 n.!50 153–4, 163, 182–3, 185–7, 191–2, historical, 125, 127, 138, 209, 291 n.!64, 201, 203, 229, 232, 235, 247, 292 295 n.!28, 304 n.!20 n.!74 musical, 29 agnosticism, 15, 98, 105, 144, 152, 186, 204; notional, 125 see also atheism Aristotle, 66, 91, 95 Albright, Daniel, 250 artefact, 71, 139, 141, 142, 189, 235, 236–7, alienation, 5–6, 15–16, 43, 67, 89, 150, 220, 241–3, 245–7, 249–50, 251, 256, 226, 231, 232, 261, 262 260, 292–3 n.!87 Allinson, Francesca, 248 artwork, 1, 7, 17, 125, 130, 139, 140, 142, alterity, 94, 150; see also other, the 144–5, 204, 225, 229, 235, 236, 239, ambivalence, 10, 41, 82, 92, 152, 158, 159, 240, 241, 242, 246 160, 189, 192, 202, 213, 223, 238, associationism 328 240, 242, 247, 249, 256, 301–2 n.!111 musical, 47, 76, 124, 127, 259, 260–1

329 Index

poetic, 238, 239, 244, see also Bergson, Henri, 63 connotation Berlin, Isaiah, 143, 228, 229, 281 n.!77 astrology, 7, 281 n.!73, 309–10 n.!24 Bernstein, J. M., 2, 3, 150–1, 201, 294–5 atheism, 105, 139, 152, 185, 186, 187, 191, n.!13, 300 n.!79, n.!80 300 n.!78; see also agnosticism Bible, the, 98, 103, 112 atom bomb, 5; see also nuclear war Biddle, Ian, 281 n.!77, 289 n.!33, n.!37 atonality, 4, 133, 136, 211 black material, 240–1, 269, 299 n.!72, 310 Attenborough, David, 154 n.!32 Auden, W. H., 246 Blake, William, 14, 86 Augustine, Saint, 9, 96, 97–8, 100, 101–5, Bloom, Harold, 313 n.!87, n.!92 108, 111, 112–13, 115, 116, 118, 119, blues, 162 122–3, 124, 130, 138–9, 141, 143, body, the, 28, 29, 31, 37, 43, 53–5, 58, 62, 144, 145, 288 n.!25 66, 68, 72, 81, 82, 122, 130, 154, 164, Confessions, 98, 100, 103, 112–13, 131, 182, 201–2, 206, 243, 250, 262; see 287 n.!10, n.!18, 290 n.!48 also corporeal, the; somatic, the Auschwitz, 3, 93, 154, 202 Bohlmann, Otto, 86, 284 n.!129 authenticity, 15, 63, 87, 89, 105, 167, 226, Borthwick, Alastair, 291 n.!60 234, 247 Boulez, Pierre, 224 author, death of, 246 bourgeoisie, 11, 108, 155, 163, 226 authoriality, 119, 148, 161, 163–4, 260–1; Bowen, Meirion, 72, 192, 207, 211, 216, see also author, death of 233, 237, 275 n.!2, 279 n.!52, 303 autonomy, 2–3, 5, 9–10, 16, 33–4, 69, 104, n.!13, 307 n.!49, 308 n.!64 182, 187, 188, 202, 203, 300 n.!79; Bowie, Andrew, 270 n.!5 see also separation of spheres Brecht, Bertolt, 67, 87 artistic, 11, 33, 142, 144, 204, 226, 236, Brett, Philip, 232, 305 n.!25 246, 249 Bridgwater, Patrick, 283 n.!125 musical, 9, 21, 27, 33, 60, 63, 74, 109, 114, British musical establishment, 233 158, 167–9, 179–81, 182, 225, 227; Britten, Benjamin, 216, 232, 233, 305 n.!25 see also immanence, musical Bronowski, Jacob, 154, 156, 293–4 n.!3, 294 Ayerst, David, 14, 272 n.!21 n.!11 Brooke, Roger, 275 n.!55 Bach, J. S., 15, 52, 127, 209, 245 Brown, Peter, 288 n.!25 Bacon, Francis, 242 Bryars, Gavin, 223 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 8, 12, 95, 162–3, 166; see Burke, Edmund, 152 also dialogism Burnet, Thomas, 152 Bali, 216 Busoni, Ferruccio, 142, 293 n.!88 Ballantine, Christopher, 289 n.!42 Byzantium chord, 251, 253–4, 256, 260, Barthes, Roland, 27, 31, 281 n.!83 265–6, 313 n.!78 bathos, 148, 155, 161, 197, 254 Bax, Arnold, 44, 279 n.!56 Cairns, David, 44 Baynes, H. G., 18 Cambridge Orator, 271 n.!15 BBC, 142 Cambridge Ritualists, 40, 41 beauty, 2, 13, 23, 28, 45, 69, 90, 131, 145, capitalism, 88–9, 306, n.!36 240–1, 244, 245, 246, 249, 300 n.!79 Cartesianism, 52, 54, 275 n.!55 becoming, 67, 75, 91, 95, 153, 250 Carus, K. G., 16 Beethoven, Ludwig van, 15, 21, 52, 85, 105, categorical imperative, 184, 202 108, 111, 153, 163, 209–11, 223, 225, Céline, Louis-Ferdinand, 269 227, 231, 234, 248, 249, 262, 301 Chambers, G. B., 286 n.!7 n.!100, 304 n.!19 chaos, 71, 75, 86, 87, 153, 187, 209 Benjamin, Walter, 155 chora, semiotic, 262–3, 266

330 Index

Christianity, 15, 39, 64, 86, 87, 100, 102–4, 108–9, 112, 118, 143, 145, 188, 191, 144, 250, 293 n.!3 241, 243–4, 260 chromaticism, 50, 84, 98, 136, 172, 196, consonance, 27, 50, 126, 130, 175, 177, 178, 219, 220, 258 181, 197, 205; see also higher chthonian, the, 57, 68, 72, 266 consonance cinema, 155 continuity, musical, 21, 97, 109, 123–4, 127, circle of ﬁfths, see ﬁfths, circle of 170, 172, 178, 181; see also Clare, Anthony, 284 n.!134, 308 n.!61 development, musical; Clarke, David, 270 n.!1, 276 n.!8, 280 n.!57, discontinuity, musical 282 n.!98, 297 n.!47, 299 n.!69, 307 Cornford, F. M., 40, 42, 313 n.!84 n.!49, 312 n.!66 corporeal, the, 29, 54, 62; see also body, the; Clarke, John J., 55, 281 n.!71 somatic, the class [social], 11, 33, 39, 89, 155, 248, 306 Craig, Cairns, 238–9, 244, 246, 284 n.!137 n.!36 critique, 4–5, 10–11, 16, 32, 33, 62, 85, closet, 230, 232, 233–4 91–2, 108, 111–12, 125–6, 138, 144, cognition, 26, 28–9, 52, 71, 107, 113, 139, 149, 158, 159, 163, 170, 186, 188, 145, 177, 186, 197, 227, 262 199, 201, 211, 220, 228, 231, 249, Cold War, 5, 87, 88, 142, 282 n.!104, 307 264 n.!57 Cross, Jonathan, 312 n.!73 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 238 culture, 5, 9, 10, 11–12, 15, 29, 33, 37–8, 52, collective unconscious, 6, 16, 18–19, 29, 33, 53, 55, 58, 69, 84, 87, 89, 91, 94, 98, 44, 53, 55, 56, 137, 238, 239; see also 105, 137, 149–50, 154–6, 159, Great Memory 162–3, 188, 191, 206, 208, 210, Collisson, Stephen, 216 223–8, 229, 232, 234, 236, 239, 243, Cooke, Mervyn, 304 n.!23, 305 n.!25 244, 245, 248, 249, 259, 261, 267, comedy, 20, 37, 42, 45, 65, 67, 148, 187 268, 269, 282 n.!95. 312 n.!66 communism, 89, 143, 267; see also classical, 249, 251 Marxism, socialism, Trotskyism cyclic principle, 39, 84, 85, 95, 114, 150, compassion, 46, 75, 76, 89, 92, 210, 234 170, 173, 199, 213, 250; see also complexity, 236, 242–3, 247, 250, 254, 263, eternal return; time, cyclic 268 concept of understanding, 139, 140, 189, daemonism/daimonic, the, 18, 40, 68, 239, 196–7, 200, 301 n.!92 240, 244 conceptual, the, 1, 2, 9, 10, 26, 28–9, 51, Dahlhaus, Carl, 209, 274 n.!43, 293 n.!88 119, 130, 138, 140, 189, 200–1, 202, Davies, Peter Maxwell, 98, 224 204, 206–7, 227, 238, 262, 296 n.!33, Davis, Andrew, 293 n.!2, 296 n.!31 299 n.!72; see also non-conceptual, Davis, Colin, 174 the De Man, Paul, 302 n.!116 Cone, Edward T., 163 Debussy, Claude, 279 n.!56 connotation, 32, 55, 72, 76, 80, 157, 162, decentring, 91, 103, 161, 164, 167, 296 n.!34 167, 216, 237, 249, 250, 260, 261, democratism, 12, 91; see also anti- 263 democratism consciousness demythologization, 104 cultural/historical/social, 2–4, 5, 11, 40, Derrida, Jacques, 8 89, 102, 105, 112, 142–5, 150–1, desire, 34, 42, 54, 64, 66, 145, 191, 229, 232, 153–4, 244, 261, 264, 266–7, 269 239, 245, 249–50, 276 n.!14 ironic, 153–4, 160–1 despair, 79, 140–1, 160, 185–8, 292 n.!81 levels/registers of, 54, 55–6, 58, 62 Deus, creator omnium, 96, 98, 114, 123, 148 mental, 6, 12, 16–17, 19, 21, 26, 28–31, developing variation, 274 n.!43 34, 43, 45, 53, 55–8, 62, 105–7, development, musical, 76, 97, 158–9,

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164–6, 175, 179, 303–4 n.!13; see also dualism, 3, 6, 7, 23, 52–3, 57, 64, 90, 94, continuity, musical; developing 101, 125, 142, 163, 183, 238, 268, variation 274 n.!51, 275 n.!55, 278 n.!41; see Dewey, John, 150–1, 294–5 n.!13 also antinomy; dialectics; polarity dialectics, 7, 12, 18, 20, 33, 35, 87, 95, 96, tonal, 50–1, 74, 280 n.!57; see also 107, 108, 119, 125–6, 138, 140–1, polarity, tonal 145, 153, 185–7, 195, 199, 202, 206, 211, 219–20, 223, 227, 228, 238, 240, Eagleton, Terry, 87, 270 n.!5 245, 251, 264, 267; see also East, the, 41, 64, 157, 216; see also antinomy; negation; polarity orientalism dialogism, 12, 95, 150, 162–4, 171, 186, 297 Easterling, P. E., 277 n.!26 n.!45 Einfall, 210–11, 303–4 n.!13 diatonicism, 51, 62, 74, 76, 84, 116, 118–19, Eiseley, Loren, 294 n.!11, 294–5 n.!13 127, 131, 133, 136, 177, 179, 181, Eliot, T. S., 9, 57, 64, 87, 88, 101, 103, 137, 192, 196, 210, 213, 215, 217, 220, 230, 236, 238, 239, 240–1, 244, 222–3, 232, 254–6, 259, 260, 312–13 247–8, 293 n.!3, 310 n.!32 n.!77; see also pandiatonicism empirical reality/empirical world, 3, 13, Diderot, Denis, 191 15–16, 106, 160, 161, 183–6, 190, Dillard, Annie, 148–50, 186, 296 n.!33, 201, 204, 239–40; see also reality; 300–1 n.!91, 301 n.!110 sensible world Dilthey, Wilhem, 1 empiricism, 15, 60, 111, 139–40, 148, 175, Dionysiac, the, 6, 37, 38, 41–9, 51–5, 57, 63, 183–6, 199, 301 n.!110 65, 66–8, 71–2, 75, 80, 84, 85, 91–2, enchantment, 44–6, 47, 68, 75, 86, 90, 235; 98, 150, 246–7, 254, 258, 268, 269; see also disenchantment; magic; see also Dionysus nature, and enchantment Dionysus, 37, 40–6, 66, 72, 240, 245–6, 276 Enlightenment, 2, 5, 11, 54, 68, 104–5, 149, n.!14, 278 n.!41, 281 n.!78, 282 n.!95; 151, 152, 160, 201, 222, 224, 244 see also Dionysiac, the dialectic of, 12, 222 diremption, 184, 203, 205; see also environmentalism, 306 n.!36 separation of spheres epiphany, 76, 94, 124, 127, 147, 148, 191, discontinuity, 9, 33 211, 232, 235 musical, 4, 109, 173, 206, 231; see also epistemology, 2–3, 11, 15, 31, 32, 141, continuity, musical; disjunction, 147–8, 152 tonal equilibrium, 178, 181, 256; see also disenchantment, 12, 68, 85, 90, 94, 95, 97, synthesis 187, 201, 302 n.!116; see also Eros, 21, 64, 307 n.!49; see also erotic, the enchantment erotic, the, 69, 82, 232; see also Eros disjunction, tonal, 58, 60, 61 eschaton, 102 dissonance, 27, 36, 50, 51, 61, 80, 109, 126, eternal, the, 64, 65, 66, 84, 89, 91–2, 95, 143, 130, 131, 146, 166, 175–8, 181, 244, 267; see also eternal return; 197–9, 205, 208, 231, 260, 283 n.!114 eternity divine, the, 23, 52, 64, 75, 90, 94, 102, 104, eternal feminine, the, 21, 261 108, 149–50, 152, 161, 184–6, 192; eternal return, 95, 101, 143; see also time, see also God cyclic domination, 143, 229, 249 eternity, 75, 96, 98, 102–3, 115–16, 118, Dorian mode, see mode, Dorian 124, 138, 144, 183, 250, 266; see also Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 163 eternal, the; eternal return Dowland, John, 156 ethics, 2–3, 139, 183; see also morality dream, 45–7, 56–60, 92, 109, 113, 150, 160, Europe, 5, 40, 149, 245, 267 230, 233–4, 247 exotic, the, 211, 232, 251, 268

332 Index

expressionism, 246 androgyny; female/feminine, the; exuberance, 13, 28, 42, 45, 65, 92, 96, 251, male/masculine, the 258 genius, 103, 152 Gesamtkunstwerk, 277 n.!23 fascism, 88, 244–5 Gloag, Kenneth, 282–3 n.!108, 283 n.!109, female/feminine, the, 36, 42, 84, 85, 260, 297 n.!45 261, 264, 266, 267, 281 n.!78; see also globalization, 224, 226 eternal feminine; feminism glossolalia, 96, 100, 114, 116 feminism, 68, 237, 266–7, 284 n.!140, 306 God, 15–16, 23, 39–41, 64, 94, 98, 102–5, n.!36 116, 130, 138, 139, 148, 152, 185–8, Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, 5 192, 286 n.!8; see also divine, the fifths, circle of, 51, 60, 125 death of, 89 Fitkin, Graham, 223 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 6, 94, 145, Fletcher, Ian, 310 n.!41 188, 261, 282 n.!106 folk music, 163, 245, 247, 248, 311–12 n.!63 Goldhill, Simon, 276 n.!15 form, 13, 19, 23, 26, 45–6, 56, 57, 109, 113, Goldmann, Lucien, 1–2, 4, 6–8, 10, 12, 39, 156, 159, 241, 246, 248, 293 n.!88, 87, 269, 271 n.!14, 282 n.!98, 294 n.!5 304 n.!20; see also formalism Gordon, D. J., 310 n.!41 and content, 19, 125 Gramsci, Antonio, 87 musical, 4, 20–1, 51–2, 75, 112, 115, grand narrative, 2, 147, 223, 225 118–19, 124–30, 133–6, 137–8, 142, Great Memory, 18, 56, 238, 239, 309 n.!21; 144, 155, 158, 159, 164–7, 173, 179, see also collective unconsious 206, 213, 220, 222, 223, 227, 231, Greece (ancient), 23, 37, 39–41, 42, 45, 47, 262 65, 68, 69, 86, 100, 278 n.!41, n.!47, formalism, 9, 28, 35, 97, 208, 215, 228, 245, 279 n.!49, 282 n.!93; see also culture, 249 classical; Hellenism; Tippett, Forte, Allen, 177, 199, 299 n.!73, n.!75 Michael, and ancient Greece fragmentation, 4, 10, 27, 109, 147, 151, 152, Griffiths, Paul, 283 n.!109 154, 157–8, 167, 171, 203, 206, 222 ground bass, 166, 169–70, 173, 175, 298–9 Franklin, Colin, 101, 287 n.!12 n.!63, 299 n.!65 Franks, Wilfred, 307 n.!54 Gulag, the, 3, 88, 154 Frazer, J. G., 276 n.!16, 278 n.!29 Guthrie, W. K. C., 277–8 n.!28 freedom, 58, 75, 87, 126, 139, 141, 184, 228, 300 n.!87 Habermas, Jürgen, 306 n.!46 Frege, Friedrich, 262 Hammerstein, Reinhold, 98, 100, 286 n.!8 Freud, Sigmund, 19, 29, 68, 191, 261, 262 Handel, G. F., 154 Furbank, Philip N., 14, 274 n.!48 happiness, 184–6, 204, 240 future, the, 3, 12, 95, 102–3, 113, 116, 118, harmony, 210, 222, 279–80 n.!56, 291 n.!57, 123, 151, 185, 205, 226, 235, 249, n.!64; see also higher consonance; 290 n.!48 sonority; ZЈ chord in Byzantium, 251–3, 256, 264; see also Galileo, 231 Byzantium chord gamelan, 216, 226, 232, 260, 304 n.!23, 308 in King Priam, 24, 27, 29, 32, 76 n.!59 in The Mask of Time, 148, 172, 174–8, gayness, 12, 69, 208, 229, 230–4, 266; see 179–81, 191, 192, 196, 198–9 also homosexuality; Tippett, in The Midsummer Marriage, 50–1, Michael, sexual orientation of 58–60, 62 Geertz, Clifford, 9, 271 n.!20 triadic, 27, 60, 61, 71, 124, 127, 177, 199, Geist, 126; see also mind; spirit/spiritual, the 203, 216, 219, 256, 291 n.!57 gender, 85, 162, 261, 267, 269; see also in Triple Concerto, 215, 216–17, 219, 232

333 Index

in The Vision of Saint Augustine, 118, 124, 208, 210, 236, 243, 246, 256, 259, 126, 127, 136 260, 296 n.!37; see also humanism Harrison, Jane, 38, 40, 63, 276 n.!14, n.!18, human genome project, 12 277 n.!24 humanism, 5, 11, 12, 34, 39, 87, 90, 91, 92, Hawker, Karl, 234, 308 n.!64 95, 108, 111, 153, 201, 223, 231, 234, Haydn, Joseph, 297 n.!43 248; see also antihumanism; human, Hegel, G. W. F., 5, 7, 9, 106–8, 126, 292 n.!78 the/humanity/humankind; Heidegger, Martin, 275 n.!55 posthumanism Hellenism, 39, 54, 65, 85, 102; see also Hume, David, 300 n.!78 Greece (ancient); Tippett, Michael, Hytner, Nicholas, 68 and ancient Greece hermeneutics, 8, 13, 18, 37, 209; see also idea, 2, 15, 18–19, 23, 26, 53, 184, 273–4 interpretation n.!39 heterogeneity, 5, 7, 147, 156, 181, 216–17, musical, 23–6, 28–9, 32, 35, 114, 171, 220–2, 226, 228, 262, 268, 269 174, 220 heteroglossia, 162–3, 182, 306 n.!41 of reason, 150, 186, 189–90, 200 heterosexuality, 69, 229 idealism, 5–6, 15, 21, 52, 106, 140, 150, 184, higher consonance, 27, 124, 126, 149, 151, 186, 191, 200, 203–5, 213, 236, 238, 175, 178, 190, 197, 203, 283 n.!110, 248, 281 n.!77, 296 n.!37 313 n.!79 identification, 40, 41, 43, 45, 49, 50, 67, 84, Hinduism, 64 130, 138, 164, 187; see also identity; Hiroshima, 3, 154, 185, 203, 243 Tippett, Michael, affinities/ historicism, 100, 104 identification with others history, 2, 5, 7, 11, 14, 37, 45, 52, 55, 58, 62, identity, 17, 88, 102, 106, 107, 109, 126, 130, 67, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90, 95, 97, 98, 201, 213, 219, 223, 227, 266, 294 100–2, 104–5, 108, 111–12, 126, n.!12; see also identification; non- 142–5, 145–6, 155, 156–7, 163, 188, identity 191, 202, 208, 228, 232, 234, 235, ideology, 9, 11, 14, 16, 21, 31, 33, 37, 43, 52, 239, 240, 241, 243, 266–7, 275 n.!4, 54, 58, 62, 68, 88–9, 106, 108, 147, 281 n.!73, 282 n.!93, 288 n.!25 151, 155, 158, 163, 206, 216, 238, musical, 7, 11, 12, 15, 29, 141, 202, 224, 244, 246–7, 269 246 image, 6, 12, 13–14, 16–23, 26–35, 36, 39, of musical materials, 27, 33, 51, 62, 71, 41, 50, 51, 52, 56, 57, 63, 65, 90, 91, 111, 113, 119, 125, 137, 222, 223, 94, 95, 98, 105–6, 108–9, 112, 113, 226 114, 124, 136, 145, 150, 151, 152, Hitler, Adolf, 202 158–9, 163, 164, 183, 184, 188, 190, Hölderlin, J. C. F., 39, 153, 225, 240 193, 197, 201, 203, 204, 228, 233, homology, 9, 58, 63, 65, 85, 108, 141, 163, 238–9, 243–4, 250, 253, 254, 256–7, 229–30, 232, 234, 279 n.!49; see also 259–60, 262, 263, 264–5; 268, 273–4 Tippett, Michael, n.!39, 288–9 n.!31, 309 n.!21; see also affinities/identification with others symbol homosexuality, 69, 232–3, 267, 307 n.!54; symbolic, 18–23; 27–31 see also gayness; Tippett, Michael, imagination, 3, 9, 13, 15–16, 56, 71, 98, 152, sexual orientation of 153, 163, 189, 199, 238–9, 241, 251, Horkheimer, Max, 222 253, 259, 290, n.!48 human, the/humanity/humankind, 1–2, 4, immanence, 5, 15, 31, 46, 141–2, 144–6, 179 6, 12, 16, 18, 34, 36, 37, 39, 54–5, 62, musical, 14, 23, 28, 32–3, 146, 179, 209, 68, 75, 79, 80, 84, 85, 86, 89–95, 96, 223, 228 98, 102, 103, 104, 105, 136, 147–51, inchoate, the, 19, 57, 74, 145, 240, 246, 262, 152, 156, 183–4, 187–8, 189, 201–3, 269

334 Index

Indian music, 216 33–4, 38, 39, 41, 44, 53–6, 58, 62, 90, individualism, 89, 91 101, 191, 238, 247, 271 n.!4, 274 industrialization, 3, 143, 226; see also pre- n.!50, 275 n.!55, n.!62, 277 n.!24, 287 industrial, the n.!12, 294 n.!12 ineffable, the, 15, 17, 21, 23, 31, 52–3, 56, justice, 53, 92, 183, 186–7, 228 184 infinity, 150, 153, 154, 183, 190, 192, 195, Kant, Immanuel, 3, 5, 6, 9, 52–3, 94, 107, 198, 200, 266, 288 n.!25 109, 139–40, 149, 151, 152, 182–91, inner life, 17, 53, 54, 63, 106, 107, 108; see 193, 197, 199–205, 296 n.!33 also inner world; noumenon Kaufmann, Walter, 284 n.!142 inner world, 3, 13, 17, 28, 33, 34, 56–7, 80, Kay, R. H., 293 n.!1 111, 191; see also inner life; Kemp, Ian, 40, 42, 72, 115, 137, 207, 229, noumenon; outer world 269, 270 n.!1, 275 n.!1, 276 n.!8, 278 insanity, 40–1, 225; see also madness n.!42, 279 n.!51, n.!56, 281 n.!84, 290 integration, 4, 75, 90, 91, 97, 101, 108–11, n.!50, n.!54, 301 n.!100, 303 n.!11, 124, 226, 233, 268, 297 n.!45 304 n.!22, 307 n.!54 intelligible realm/intelligible world, Knox, T. M., 289 n.!37 139–41, 184–6, 190, 200, 202; see Körner, Stephan, 300 n.!83 also sensible world; supersensible, Korsyn, Kevin, 107 the Kramer, Jonathan D., 109 internationalism, 5 Kramer, Lawrence, 8–9 interpretation, 1, 8–9, 34, 46, 97, 139; see Kristeva, Julia, 6, 8, 31, 237, 262–4, 266–9, also hermeneutics 274 n.!50 intertextuality, 113, 137, 241 Kruschev, Nikita, 142 interval class 5, 51–2, 177, 195–6, 217, 219; see also fifths, circle of Lampert, Lawrence, 90, 285 n.!151 interval class 6, 195, 196; see also tritone Langer, Susanne, 106, 273 n.!31 interval, musical, 24, 27, 36, 114, 130, 136, language, 6, 7, 9, 119, 162–3, 167, 170, 260, 172, 175, 181, 192, 215–16, 217, 259, 262 299 n.!70; see also fifths, circle of; and music, 9, 162, 167–9, 170, 298 n.!60 interval class 5; interval class 6; lateness, 206, 209; see also Tippett, Michael, tritone late period of inwardness, 17, 92, 104–6, 126–7, 131, 227 Layard, John, 14 Ionian mode, see mode, Ionian Leighton, Angela, 152, 298 n.!57, 300 n.!78 irony, 37, 71, 148–9, 152–4, 159–62, 164, Levin, Bernard, 312 n.!67 166, 173, 178, 186, 191, 192, 197, Levine, Steven, 191 199–200, 235, 250, 260, 296 n.!34, Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien, 294 n.!12 310 n.!30; see also parody Lewis, Geraint, 282 n.!104, 293 n.!1 irrationality, 6, 23, 40, 56, 184, 185, 187, liberalism, 34, 87, 223, 231, 247, 248 238–9, 244, 247; see also non- Life, 20–1, 39, 43, 47, 54, 63, 65, 66–7, 86, rationality 90–1, 95, 147, 148, 160–1, 185, 187, isorhythm, 196 191, 244, 250, 276 n.!14, 282 n.!93; see also life force; will, to life Jakobson, Roman, 298 n.!58 life force (élan vital), 62–3 Jarvis, Simon, 289 n.!42, 292 n.!77, 302 lifeworld, 4, 5, 179, 204 n.!116 Ligeti, György, 224 Johnson, Julian, 5–6, 106–8, 268, 289 n.!42 Liszt, Franz, 209 Jones, Robert F., 206 literary criticism/literary theory, 14, 163, jubilus, 195, 298 n.!55 238 Jung, Carl Gustav, 6, 8, 14–24, 27, 29, 31, literature, 6, 9, 14, 57, 65, 209, 238

335 Index

Locke, John, 300 n.!78 192, 196, 206, 211, 213, 215, 216, logic, musical, 23, 29 217, 218, 219, 220, 232, 251, 254, longing, 56, 144–5, 154, 241 255, 256, 264; see also lyricism love, 21, 24, 64, 68, 69, 81, 86, 90, 94–5, 104, memory, 102–4, 179, 238–9, 244, 267; see 188 also Great Memory Lukács, György, 87 Mendelssohn, Felix, 279–80 n.!56 Lydian mode, see mode, Lydian Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 31, 275 n.!55 Lyotard, Jean-François, 2, 223 Messiaen, Olivier, 27, 47, 224 lyricism, 4, 28, 82, 96, 119, 154, 161, 164, meta-mental, the, 62, 281 n.!83 207, 210–11, 217, 220–3, 232–3, metaphor, 9, 24, 26, 37, 44, 50, 55, 66, 94, 235, 254; see also melody 96, 98, 105, 116, 122, 124, 138, 152, 158, 161, 162, 167, 196, 201, 227, MacDonagh, Thomas, 244 230, 233, 239, 240, 242, 246, 248, McPhee, Colin, 216, 305 n.!25, n.!26, 308 253, 260, 299 n.!74, 305 n.!30 n.!59 metaphysics, 3, 6, 10, 15, 38, 41–3, 49–50, madness, 40, 43, 238, 247; see also insanity 52–7, 60, 62, 63, 65, 67, 75, 84, 85, magic, 5, 39, 43–4, 46, 68 88–90, 91, 94–5, 97, 104–5, 116, Mahler, Gustav, 297 n.!50 138–41, 144, 145–6, 152, 153, male/masculine, the, 36, 69, 84–5, 261, 264, 187–8, 202–3, 268, 280 n.!69, 300 266, 267, 277 n.!24, 281 n.!78 n.!79 man of our time, A, 3, 8, 11, 15 metonymy, 47, 98, 251 manifold, 107, 109–12, 115–18, 123, 149, Migne, Jacques Paul, 286 n.!7 171, 197 Milton, John, 162 Mark, Christopher, 299 n.!74, 305 n.!30 mimesis, 28, 33, 47, 82, 96, 115, 154, 200, Mark, Jeﬀrey, 247 216, 240, 250, 259–60, 273–4 n.!39 Martland, Steve, 223 mind, 5, 6, 28–32, 34, 43, 52, 54, 55, 62, 63, Marxism, 11, 34, 39, 87, 88, 144; see also 102–3, 104–5, 131, 140, 152, 183–4, communism; socialism 188–90, 201, 236, 239, 242, 243, 249, mask, 140, 240, 243, 310 n.!30 251, 256, 260, 290 n.!48, 300 n.!78, masque, 155, 156, 277 n.!23 302 n.!116; see also Geist materialism, 5, 6, 31, 130, 138–41, 145, 146, Mixolydian mode, see mode, Mixolydian 154, 188, 200, 202, 205, 302 n.!116 modality, musical, 98, 172, 215, 217; see also maternal, the, 47, 262 mode Maude, Evelyn, 14 mode May, Deborah, 308 n.!61 Aeolian, 119, 122, 123, 196 measurement, 98, 151, 193–5, 238, 240–1, Dorian, 123, 197 246, 254–5, 259, 262, 268, 309 n.!13, Ionian, 124 312–13 n.!77 Lydian, 74, 124 mediation, 2, 6, 9, 13, 19, 28, 34, 35, 38, 39, Mixolydian, 196, 197 46, 54, 56, 96, 97, 102, 107, 111, 112, modernism, 4, 23, 111, 126, 137, 170, 208, 116, 125, 130, 161, 184, 201, 202, 210, 223–5, 231, 238, 245; see also 232, 234, 238, 254 modernity; postmodernism; historical, 29, 33, 47, 105, 155 Tippett, Michael, and modernism of musical elements, 21, 91, 115, 118–19, modernity, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 56, 91, 97, 100, 123, 136, 166, 168, 175–8, 181, 196, 103–6, 112, 115, 126, 138, 142, 148, 217, 219, 222, 256 150, 182, 188, 199, 203, 224, 229, social, 12, 33, 155, 208, 225, 227–8, 230, 234, 238, 240, 260, 293 n.!3, 306–7 232, 235, 237, 241, 242 n.!46; see also modernism Mellers, Wilfrid, 289 n.!42 moment form, 27, 115, 118, 290 n.!51 melody, 51, 58, 60, 107, 119, 133, 168, 171, Monet, Claude, 191

336 Index

monologism, 163, 171, 178, 192, 297 n.!45 new musicology, 163 Moore, A. W., 300 n.!82 Newton, Isaac, 197 morality, 2, 3, 68, 81, 91, 92, 139, 148, 149, Nietzsche, Friedrich, 6, 8, 9, 37–55, 57–8, 161, 182, 183–8, 190, 197, 201–3, 62, 63, 65–8, 75, 80, 84, 85–95, 187, 244, 300 n.!79, n.!87; see also ethics 225, 240, 247, 268–9, 275 n.!2, 278 Morley College, 11 n.!31, n.!46, 282 n.!93 n.!95 mortality, 91, 130, 189, 192, 203, 250 The Birth of Tragedy, 38, 39, 40, 41, 44, motif, musical, 18, 24, 29, 47, 80, 81, 122, 45, 50, 52, 53, 65, 66, 85, 90, 278 133, 174, 219, 226, 258, 260, 264 n.!33, n.!41, 279 n.!50, 280 n.!58 Muecke, D. C., 153, 160 nihilism, 90, 160 mundus intelligibilis, see intelligible Noll, Richard, 55, 280 n.!69, 281 n.!71 realm/intelligible world non-conceptual, the, 57, 72, 130, 139, Murray, Gilbert, 40, 277, n.!24 200–4, 259; see also conceptual, the music hall, 295 n.!28 non-identity, 4, 9, 24, 27, 100, 138, 139, 141, musicology, 2, 8, 10, 108, 206, 208–9, 235; 201, 219, 266; see also identity see also new musicology non-rationality, 14, 16, 104, 130; see also Mussolini, Benito, 245 irrationality mysticism, 15, 55–6, 86 Northcott, Bayan, 284 n.!141, 303 n.!13. myth/mythology, 18, 37, 38, 39–42, 46, 64, noumenon, 6, 53–4, 57, 62, 94, 183–5, 190, 101, 138, 143, 144, 150–1, 158, 201, 199, 200, 201–2, 204, 282 n.!95; see 243, 260, 275 n.!4, 279 n.!50; see also also phenomenon; supersensible, demythologization the; thing in itself nuclear war, 93, 143, 151; see also atom narrative, 2, 102, 112–13, 148, 151, 156–7, bomb 160–1, 164–7, 179, 181, 191, 200, numinous, the, 16, 46, 50, 57–8, 150, 151, 207, 208, 223, 261, 290 n.!48 152, 164, 260; see also sublime, the; National Socialism, see Nazism transcendent, the; visionary, the nature, 5–6, 38–41, 43–7, 55, 63–4, 67, 68, Nyman, Michael, 223 72, 79, 81, 84–5, 87, 90–2, 94, 148–56, 159, 160, 161, 184, 185–91, O’Neill, Michael, 296 n.!37 200, 201–2, 203, 215, 229, 232, 243, object/objectivity, 10, 17, 28, 31–2, 101, 249, 250–1, 256, 260, 261, 277 n.!23, 105, 119, 139, 142, 144, 147, 150–1, 279 n.!52, n.!56, 282 n.!93, 285 189, 193, 197, 199–201, 204, 206, n.!151, 294–5 n.!13 227, 230, 235, 249, 256, 259, 262–3, amorality of, 45, 90, 148, 186–7 265–6, 301 n.!111; see also and enchantment, 12, 44, 52, 187 subject/subjectivity, and objectivity unity/oneness with, 5, 36, 43–6, 47, 54, occult, the, 239 55, 64, 150 octatonicism, 251–9, 312 n.!74 Naturphilosophie, 280 n.!69 Oliver, Kelly, 314 n.!104 Nazism, 88 optimism, 37, 64, 153; see also pessimism negation/negativity, 5, 39, 64, 82, 88, 106, orchestration, 27, 69, 71, 130, 162, 166, 211, 126, 136, 138–41, 145, 159, 185, 228 187–8, 190, 200, 203–4, 207, 299 orientalism, 157, 216, 232; see also East, the n.!72 ostinato, 36, 58, 116, 192, 195–6, 199, 217, musical, 96, 108, 115, 119, 125, 126, 127, 223, 264 131–3, 136, 179, 211, 231, 259, 269 other, the, 62, 95, 96, 100, 126, 130, 136, neoclassicism, 237, 242, 245–6, 282–3 145, 150, 167, 226–7, 232; see also n.!108 alterity neoromanticism, 246; see also romanticism Otto, Walter F., 43 Neumann, Erich, 293 n.!96 outer world, 28, 33–4, 53, 56, 80, 106, 111,

337 Index

191, 300 n.!78; see also empirical poetry, 17, 151, 152, 160, 173, 240, 242 reality/empirical world; sensible polarity, 7, 58, 103, 147, 160, 182, 200–1, world 229, 231, 241, 298 n.!56; see also antinomy; dialectics; dualism paciﬁsm, 3, 86–7, 89, 229, 267 tonal, 50, 74, 80, 84, 123, 124, 178, 197, Paddison, Max, 227, 308 n.!58 259; see also dualism, tonal Paglia, Camille, 8, 68–71, 81, 84–5, 87, 277 politics, 10, 11, 16, 33, 79, 80, 87–9, 91, 95, n.!24, 285 n.!151 142–3, 204–5, 235, 237, 244, 245–7, pandiatonicism, 51, 84, 179, 181, 199 266, 306 n.!36; see also capitalism; parody, 98, 250; see also irony communism; fascism; liberalism; participation mystique, 150, 294 n.!12 Marxism; Nazism; socialism; particular, the, 1, 2, 10, 11, 17, 55, 145, 171, Trotskyism 203, 206–7, 208; see also universal, Pollard, Rowena, 270 n.!1, 276 n.!8, 282 the n.!98 past, the, 3, 5, 12, 39, 102, 113, 123, 137, Pople, Anthony, 312–13 n.!77 213, 222–4, 226, 266 popular music, 226 Pasternak, Boris, 225 porcelain bowl, 241, 242, 269 pastoralism, 5 positivism, 14, 37, 65, 89, 100, 140, 207 Paul, Saint, 113, 139, 287 n.!10 posthumanism, 5, 90–2; see also pelog scale, see scale, pelog/saih pitu antihumanism Penderecki, Krzysztof, 224 postmodernism, 8, 223–4, 226–7, 248, 269 pentatonicism, 122–3, 195–6, 215, 220, 251, Poulenc, Francis, 305 n.!26 305 n.!26, 312 n.!74 Pound, Ezra, 27, 88, 238, 309 n.!21, 311 periodicity, musical, 107; see also Tippett, n.!63 Michael, style periods of Pountney, David, 279 n.!49 periodization, 206–7 power, 15, 28, 34, 49, 50, 63, 65, 67, 68–9, pessimism, 15, 64–5, 90–1, 153; see also 74–6, 80–4, 91, 126, 145, 149, 150, optimism 152, 157, 174, 181, 192, 197, 203, phenomenology, 31, 58, 275 n.!55; see also 204, 239, 247, 259, 261; see also will, phenomenon to power phenomenon, 6, 29, 53–4, 63, 65, 94, 113, pre-industrial, the, 232, 260; see also 183–4, 185, 187, 189–90, 195, 200, industrialization 204, 301 n.!92; see also appearance; primordiality, 16, 18, 19, 29, 43, 56, 57, 274 noumenon n.!45 philosophy, 1, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 14, 38, 39, 52–5, principium individuationis, 43, 51, 54 68, 87–9, 92–3, 102–4, 106, 108, principle of individuation, see principium 111, 139–41, 149, 182–3, 185, 191, individuationis 203, 227, 300, n.!87 Prokoﬁev, Sergey, 296 n.!34 Pippin, Robert B., 270 n.!5 prolongation, musical, 50, 51, 60–1, 84, Pistis Sophia, 100, 116 119, 122, 127, 130, 131, 169–70, 172, pitch class sets, 24, 116, 133, 136, 172, 199 174, 215, 216–17, 219, 232, 259 Plato, 23, 102, 238, 247, 262, 266, 273–4 psyche, 16–18, 20, 29, 31, 33, 34, 37, 39–41, n.!39 55–6, 89, 95, 145, 225, 230, 240–41, Plaut, Fred, 274 n.!51, n.!52 274 n.!45 pluralism, 11–12, 54, 147, 154, 163, 181, psychoanalysis, 6, 14–15, 19, 32–3, 53, 191, 207, 226–8, 248, 306 n.!40 238, 262, 268; see also psychology, Plutarch, 43, 277–8 n.!28 analytical poetic function, 159, 163, 167, 298 n.!58 psychology, 1, 2, 14–15, 17–18, 19, 21–3, 29, poetics, 96, 160, 162, 164, 166, 238, 239, 33, 34, 53–5, 103, 104, 105, 113, 152, 259, 263; see also poetic function 229, 233, 238, 288 n.!27, 294 n.!12

338 Index

psychology (cont.) rock music, 162 analytical, 14, 21, 29, 277 n.!24; see also Rodda, Richard, E., 273 n.!29, 33 psychoanalysis romanticism, 5–6, 15, 31, 52, 106, 126, Puccini, Giacomo, 277 n.!23 152–4, 158, 160–1, 166, 211, 218, Puﬀett, Derrick, 44, 147, 158, 249, 274 238, 245–6, 248, 282 n.!95; see also n.!49, 293 n.!1, 303 n.!11 neoromanticism purposiveness, 95, 149, 185–6, 188; see also and classicism, 245, 246, 248 teleology; telos Rorty, Richard, 161 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 160, 167, 285 Quispel, Gilles, 100–5, 145, 287 n.!10, 288 n.!151, 296 n.!37, 299 n.!67 n.!20, n.!26 Russ, Aubrey, 304 n.!23 Russ, Michael, 311 n.!61 Racine, Jean, 39, 87, 241–2, 269 Russia, 3, 142, 231, 245 Ramazani, Jahan, 250, 311 n.!60 rap, 226 Sackville-West, Edward, 275 n.!2 rationality, 3, 5, 6, 14, 29, 34–5, 52, 53, 54, sacred, the, 98, 138, 150, 243 56, 86, 103–4, 139, 143, 149–51, 182, Sade, Marquis de, 68 185–6, 195, 196, 197, 202, 238, 244, saih pitu scale, see scale, pelog/saih pitu 301 n.!92, 312 n.!77; see also Samuels, Andrew, 274 n.!51, n.!52 irrationality; non-rationality; reason Sartre, Jean-Paul, 297 n.!40 Ravel, Maurice, 279 n.!56 Saussure, Ferdinand de, 26 realism, 5, 167 scale reality, 1, 3, 13, 15, 17, 34, 37, 45, 91, 94, pelog/saih pitu 216, 219 140, 145, 146, 150, 153, 155, 156, pentatonic, see pentatonicism 161, 179, 183, 204, 210, 230, 240, selisir, 305 n.!26 249, 251; see also empirical whole-tone, 50, 119, 123, 192, 198, 220 reality/empirical world scepticism, 160; see also Tippett, Michael, reason, 2–4, 5, 15, 37, 86, 103, 131, 150, and scepticism 184–9, 199–201, 203, 228, 292 n.!78; Schafer, Murray, 272 n.!18, 273 n.!28, n.!34, see also rationality 275 n.!54, 280 n.!63 re-birth, 5–6, 14, 40, 46, 64, 65, 240 Schelling, F. W., 5, 281 n.!77 recapitulation, 50, 79, 80, 101, 114, 115, Schenker, Heinrich, 107, 215, 281 n.!82, 179, 264, 265 298–9 n.!63 reconciliation, 13, 14, 16, 36, 43, 64, 85, Schiller, Friedrich, 44, 153, 301 n.!100 145, 149, 192, 210, 244, 268, 269 Schindler, Anton, 301 n.!100 redescription, 161–2 Schlegel, August Wilhelm von, 288–9 register, musical, 26, 58, 114, 169, 170, 173, n.!31 251, 274 n.!45 Schlegel, Friedrich von, 5, 153–4, 160 reiﬁcation, 79, 231 Schleiermacher, Friedrich, 5 Reiman, Donald, 153 n.!37 Schloezer, Boris de, 249, 251 relativism, 154, 163, 228 Schoenberg, Arnold, 23–4, 114 religion, 2, 64, 98, 103, 144, 201, 204, 243, Schopenhauer, Arthur, 6, 9, 38, 41, 44, 276 n.!14, 293–4 n.!3 52–8, 62, 63–5, 67, 85, 191, 278 Renault, Mary, 191–2 n.!31, 279 n.!50; see also will renewal, 42, 50, 51, 61, 64, 94, 95, 138, 143, Schreker, Franz, 44 227, 240 science, 2–3, 14–15, 55, 65, 84, 89, 151, 156, Réquichot, Bernard, 281 n.!83 182, 294–5 n.!13, 300 n.!79; see also reversal, 153 technics/technology rhetoric, 4, 12, 13, 29, 31, 47, 49, 68, 75, 82, and art, 151 124, 125, 127, 149, 163, 188, 195, Scorer, Mischa, 305 n.!29 203–4, 211, 240 self, 31, 56, 64, 104, 106–12, 116, 160, 183,

339 Index

184, 233–4, 236, 240 , 290 n.!48; see 239, 241–2, 243, 244, 248, 259; see also subjectivity also society and forms, 138, 231 socialism, 11, 33, 79, 87, 284 n.!140; see also and other, 43 communism; Marxism and society, 208, 231, 234 society, 7, 11, 12, 13, 33–4, 39, 86, 143–5, selisir scale, see scale, selisir 155, 208, 226, 230–1, 234–5, 242, semblance, 42, 138, 140, 204 244, 248, 292 n.!87; see also social, semiotic, the, see chora, semiotic; symbolic the and semiotic Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 225, 307 n.!57 semiotics, 28, 32, 47, 274 n.!50; see also somatic, the, 29, 55, 201–3, 262; see also signification; signified; signifier body, the; corporeal, the Senden, Marius von, 296 n.!33 sonata form, 108–9, 227 sensible world, 140, 183–5, 187–90, sonority, 27, 36, 50, 60–1, 71, 123, 124–5, 199–201, 203; see also empirical 126, 136, 151, 172, 174, 177–81, 182, reality/empirical world; outer world 192, 196, 197–9, 215, 216–17, 251, sensory/sensuous, the, 2, 17, 26–7, 35, 52, 260, 266; see also harmony; timbre 71, 182, 189, 197, 200–2, 246, 254, Soviet Russia, 88, 142, 144, 231 296 n.!33 space, 5, 29, 54, 57, 80, 94, 136, 142, 149, separation of spheres, 2, 151, 182, 185–6, 151, 155–6, 159, 190, 251, 262, 201, 202, 203, 244; see also 265–7, 293–4 n.!3 diremption Spinoza, Benedict de, 186–8 sex, 21, 68–9, 84, 266, 293–4 n.!3 spirit/spiritual, the, 1, 3, 15, 18, 67, 87, 89, sexuality, 12, 63–4, 68, 208, 232, 267, 306 108, 116, 126, 130, 137, 139, 141, n.!36; see also gayness; 150, 204, 227, 245, 263, 269, 293–4 heterosexuality; homosexuality n.!3; see also Geist Shakespeare, William, 240–2 spirituals, Negro, 162, 226, 297 n.!45 Shaw, George Bernard, 38, 63, 281 n.!84 spontaneity, 16–17, 34, 148, 231, 238, Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 9, 15, 152, 154, 155, 246–8, 258, 262, 268 159–61, 164, 166–8, 173, 182, 191, Sputnik, 142–3 197, 288 n.!25, 300 n.!78 Stalin, Joseph, 143 ‘The triumph of Life’, 152–4, 156, 159, Stallworthy, John, 310 n.!45 161, 167, 173, 182, 191, 296 n.!37, Stannard, Iain, 312 n.!69 298 n.!62, 299 n.!64 Steiner, George, 187 Shiva, 64, 154, 282 n.!90 Stern, J. P., 43, 88, 92, 285 n.!156 Shorter, Bani, 274 n.!51, n.!52 Stock, Brian, 290 n.!48 Shostakovich, Dmitry, 231, 307 n.!57 Stockhausen, Karlheinz, 115, 118, 290 n.!51 signification, 23, 26–7, 29, 31, 71, 167, 181; stratification, musical, 98, 118–19, 136, see also semiotics; signifed; signifier 167–8, 170, 173, 175, 195–7, 199, signified, 28, 31–2, 122, 125, 127, 130, 206, 220; see also troping, musical 248, 256; see also semiotics; Stravinsky, Igor, 71, 119, 142, 155, 237, 242, signification 245, 247, 249, 250–1, 254, 255, 261, signifier, 9, 28, 31–2, 62, 130, 177, 224, 228, 264, 269 232, 260, 262; see also semiotics; subject/subjectivity, 5, 6, 8–9, 10, 11, 16, 28, signification 29, 36, 52, 97, 98, 101, 102, 104, Silk, Michael, 43, 276 n.!18 105–13, 115–22, 124–31, 136, 138, Silverstone, Roger, 295 n.!26 142, 143, 145, 147, 150–1, 152, 159, simplicity/simplification, 223, 244–5, 161, 163–4, 166–7, 173, 181–2, 200, 247–8 201–3, 210, 219, 225, 228–30, 233, social, the, 1, 2, 10, 11–12, 16, 33, 38, 68, 81, 235, 237, 239, 242, 247, 259, 260, 88–9, 97, 108, 142–3, 155–7, 163, 263, 266–7, 268, 269, 288 n.!27, 296 208, 225, 227–8, 230–2, 234–5, 237, n.!34; see also self

340 Index

subject/subjectivity (cont.) 288–9 n.!31, 293–4 n.!3; see also and objectivity, 7, 9, 16, 34, 102, 106, 125, time-consciousness; women’s time 142, 147, 152, 200, 206, 229, 262, cyclic, 95, 101, 102; see also cyclic 294 n.!12, 303–4 n.!13, 311–12 n.!63 principle; eternal return sublime, the, 4, 29, 31–2, 67, 96, 124, 146, linear, 95, 101, 102, 109, 112, 115, 118, 148–9, 151–3, 155, 159, 174, 177, 123, 143, 264, 266–7; see also 183, 188–91, 192–5, 197, 199–205, teleology 239, 251, 254, 296 n.!33, n.!34, 300 musical, 24, 58, 96, 98, 106, 109, 111–12, n.!78; see also numinous, the; 116, 118, 122, 139, 171, 193–5, 251, transcendent, the; visionary, the 261, 264; see also moment form dynamical, 189, 190, 203, 301–2 n.!111 Thayer, Alexander, 301 n.!100 mathematical, 189, 193 theatre, 37, 41, 87, 155, 156, 306 n.!40 supersensible, the, 183–4, 186–90, 199–201, theology, 15, 39, 90, 98, 101–5, 111, 137, 300 n.!87; see also noumenon; 138, 141, 143, 185–6, 191, 201 intelligible realm/intelligible world thetic, the, 262–3 supra-historical, the, 38–9, 47, 144, 245 thing in itself, 52–3, 145; see also noumenon symbol/symbolism, 14, 15, 18–20, 31, 32, timbre, 19, 26–8, 29, 62, 76, 109, 114, 34, 36, 43, 44, 46, 71, 80, 90, 122, 172–4, 179, 181, 216, 220, 232, 133, 142, 211, 222, 226, 233, 239, 260 247, 249, 250, 268; see also image, time-consciousness, 106–8, 112, 143 symbolic Tippett, Michael symbolic and semiotic, 6, 262–3, 268–9, aesthetics of, 6, 7–8, 13, 33, 34, 36–7, 52, 274 n.!50 67, 71–2, 85, 87–8, 97, 100, 105, 108, symphonic music, 20–1, 63, 105, 107–8, 142, 147–8, 153–4, 158, 159, 162–3, 167, 170, 173, 174, 179, 231 184, 191, 207, 209, 211, 217, 230, syntagmatic, the, 32, 123–4, 263 237, 238, 242, 248, 251, 259, 268, syntax, 27, 34, 51, 62, 113, 244, 256, 259, 269 262–4, 268, 279–80 n.!56, 299 n.!64 aﬃnities/identiﬁcation with others, 8, 9, synthesis, 19, 23, 26, 65, 67, 95, 107, 109, 14, 41, 66, 68, 87, 88, 89, 98, 100, 112–13, 114, 115, 118, 124, 126, 141, 104, 105, 130, 153, 233, 236, 247, 163, 166, 171, 181, 202, 208, 219, 248, 259, 261, 264 242, 244, 254, 264, 305 n.!31; see also and ancient Greece, 23, 39, 42, 278 n.!47 equilibrium artistic maturity of, 236 autobiography of, 87, 233, 249; see also Tanner, Michael, 280 n.!69 Tippett, Michael, writings, Those Taruskin, Richard, 245–7, 249, 255, 311 Twentieth Century Blues n.!63, 312 n.!69, n.!74 and creativity, 16, 19, 39–40, 52–3, 54, Tavener, John, 3, 223 56, 57, 86, 234, 237, 238–9, 303–4 technics/technology, 2, 3, 14, 15, 143, 144, n.!13, 307 n.!49; see also Einfall 154, 156, 300 n.!79; see also science late period of, 6, 12, 21, 32, 91, 206–9, teleology, 9, 28, 67, 95, 112–13, 115, 122, 211–13, 217, 220, 223–5, 227, 229, 143, 201, 207, 267, 268, 296 n.!33; 231, 233–7, 248–9, 254, 267, 269, see also purposiveness; telos 271 n.!22, 305 n.!31 television, 154–9, 161, 163, 181, 210 librettos of, 12, 66, 100, 101, 148, 154, telos, 85, 95, 101, 102, 122, 143; see also 161, 162, 164–7, 276 n.!16, 277 n.!25, purposiveness; teleology 298 n.!62, 279 n.!66 temporality/time, 1, 2, 5, 54, 57, 96–7, 98, manuscripts of, 282 n.!97, 287 n.!12, 290 101–3, 105–8, 111, 113, 124, 125, n.!49, 309–10 n.!24 126, 127, 139, 141, 142, 143–4, 147, as maverick, 8 155–6, 167, 197, 260, 265, 268, 269, and modernism, 5, 15, 32, 33–4, 68, 87,

341 Index

91–2, 96, 100, 111, 126, 137, 153, Rose Lake, The, 10, 12, 39, 47, 92, 209, 189, 208, 210, 213, 222–3, 227, 234, 223, 235, 237, 255, 303 n.!6, 313 246, 248 n.!80 reception of his music, 11, 147, 158, 207 Sonata for Four Horns, 279 n.!52 and romanticism, 5–6, 15, 246, 248 Sonata No. 2 for Piano, 97, 108–9, and scepticism, 4, 5, 148, 167, 247–8 111–12, 113, 213 sexual orientation of, 12, 14, 208, Sonata No. 3 for Piano, 213, 313 n.!78 229–33, 266–7 String Quartet No. 4, 207, 211, 213, 216 style periods of, 4, 5, 21, 36, 41, 85–7, String Quartet No. 5, 28, 207, 235, 304 155, 187–8, 202, 206, 210–13, 220, n.!19 223, 235, 240, 248, 304 n.!19, n.!57; Symphony No. 2, 21, 26, 29, 206, 213, see also Tippett, Michael, late period 220, 237, 279 n.!52, 281 n.!80, 303 of n.!13 works Symphony No. 3, 10, 85, 88, 92, 153, Byzantium, 6, 10, 32, 130, 207, 213, 209, 211, 220–3, 226, 231, 249, 261, 223, 228, 236–7, 248, 249–69, 271, 279 n.!52, 303 n.!13 n.!22 Symphony No. 4, 28, 91, 149, 151, 167, Child of our Time, A, 2, 14, 36, 203, 173–5, 179, 181, 207, 209, 211, 213, 226, 261, 297 n.!45, 309 n.!13 216 Concerto for Double String Orchestra, Triple Concerto for violin, viola, cello 21, 39, 163, 210, 280 n.!57, 312 n.!66 and orchestra, 10, 28, 149, 163, 207, Concerto for Orchestra, 97, 108–9, 211–19, 220–2, 223, 226–9, 232, 111–12, 118, 281 n.!80 235, 271 n.!22 Concerto for Piano and Orchestra, 210 Triumph, 298 n.!60 Fantasia Concertante on a Theme of Vision of Saint Augustine, The, 6, 10, Corelli, 21, 312–13 n.!77 31, 95, 96–105, 106, 111–38, 141, Ice Break, The, 11, 29, 39, 94, 149, 142–6, 148, 271 n.!22 187–8, 190, 207, 209, 211, 226, 297 writings, 7, 13, 33 n.!42, 307 n.!57 ‘Air from another planet’, 23, 273 King Priam, 1, 4–5, 6, 10, 11, 21, 27, n.!34, n.!39, 274 n.!41 36–9, 41, 42, 53, 64, 65–92, 94, 95, ‘Archetypes of concert music’, 295 97, 101, 104, 112, 113, 187, 188, 190, n.!23, 303 n.!13, 307 n.!47 206, 208, 211, 213, 240, 248, 261, ‘Art and anarchy’, 33 269, 270 n.!1, 281 n.!80, 287 n.!12, ‘Artist’s mandate, The’, 274 n.!40, 307 n.!57 n.!42, 275 n.!60, n.!61, 293 n.!96 Knot Garden, The, 39, 187–8, 226, ‘Birth of an opera, The’, 42, 238, 275 233–4, 261, 282 n.!106 n.!4, 276 n.!14, 277 n.!22, n.!23, 278 Mask of Time, The, 1, 6, 10, 31, 94, 95, n.!33, n.!43, n.!47, 311 n.!58 101, 147–83, 185, 186, 189–90, 199, ‘Composer and his public, A’, 273 202, 203, 207, 235, 266, 271 n.!22, n.!24, 309 n.!24 309 n.!13, 310 n.!30 ‘Composer’s point of view, A’, 272 Midsummer Marriage, The, 5, 6, 10, 14, n.!20 21, 31, 36–52, 53, 57, 58, 63–5, 68, ‘Contracting-in to abundance’/‘The 69, 75, 85, 90, 91, 95, 96, 143, 144, composer and paciﬁsm’, 272 n.!6 187, 189, 202, 210, 213, 261, 279 ‘Dreaming of things to come’, 306 n.!49, 291 n.!63. 305 n.!32 n.!40 New Year, 10, 39, 92, 94, 183, 190, 207, ‘Dreams of power, dreams of love’, 308 226, 233–4, 247, 250, 261, 308 n.!65 n.!63 Praeludium for Brass, Bells and ‘Drum, ﬂute and zither’, 42, 270 n.!8, Percussion, 259–60 276 n.!11, n.!19, 293 n.!91

342 Index

Tippett, Michael (cont.) ‘Time to recall, A’, 293 n.!94 writings (cont.) Too many choices’, 97, 101, 137, 142, E. William Doty Lectures in Fine Arts, 144, 231, 293 n.!89, n.!90, 306 n.!40 209–11, 225–6, 229–30, 233–5, 237, ‘Towards the condition of music’, 226, 238–43, 246, 247, 250, 273 n.!29, 283 272 n.!7, n.!14, 273 n.!30, n.!31, n.!32, n.!124, 286 n.!9, 288 n.!21, 291 n.!69, n.!34, n.!35, 280 n.!60, n.!63, 282 295 n.!20, 304 n.!19, 307 n.!57, 309 n.!86, 288 n.!28, 289 n.!32, n.!41, n.!44 n.!22, 312 n.!67, 313 n.!83 ‘What I believe’/‘Aspects of belief’, 3, ‘In the psychiatrist’s chair’, 284 n.!134 272 n.!13, 273 n.!34, 276 n.!10, 281 ‘Mask of Time, The’, 270 n.!3, 275 n.!3, n.!73, 285 n.!144, n.!157, 293–4, n.!3, 288 n.!25, 295 n.!27, 300 n.!77, n.!78, 310 n.!33 310 n.!30 Tomlinson, Gary, 9, 52–3, 282 n.!95 ‘Moving into Aquarius’, 281 n.!73, 309 tonal fields, 27, 50, 116, 122, 220 n.!24 tonality, 4, 23, 27, 50, 51, 58–62, 71, 74, 80, ‘Music of the angels’/‘St Augustine and 84, 116, 119, 122, 133, 136, 137, 179, his visions’, 96, 286 n.!6, n.!7 196, 210, 213, 217–20, 222, 254, 291 ‘Music and the senses’ [unpublished], n.!64, 304 n.!17, 305 n.!31; see also 273 n.!33 diatonicism; disjunction, tonal; Orchestral Composer’s Point of View, dualism, tonal; pandiatonicism; The [chapter in], 291 n.!59 polarities, tonal; tonal fields ‘Persönliches Bekenntnis’/‘Aspects of topos, 58, 82, 114, 116, 191 belief’, 276 n.!9, 293 n.!94, n.!95, 310 totality, 3, 12, 44, 116, 183, 189, 196, 200, n.!26 228, 232 ‘Poets in a barren age’, 272 n.!14, 273 tradition, 6, 13, 15, 38, 44, 52, 56, 76, 100, n.!24, 281 n.!74, 283 n.!119, 295 119, 137, 152, 161, 166, 213, 216, n.!23, 308 n.!68 217, 224, 227, 231, 239, 305 n.!30 ‘Postscript’, 271 n.!16, n.!4 tragedy, 1, 20, 36–7, 39–47, 50, 65–7, 82, 84, ‘Preface to The Vision of Saint 86, 87–8, 91–3, 160, 187, 278 n.!46, Augustine’/‘St Augustine and his 279 n.!50 visions’, 288 n.!21, 292 n.!86 transcendent, the, 4, 15, 21, 32, 52, 55, 58, ‘Preface to Verses for a symphony’, 295 97, 102, 104–5, 112, 124, 127, 130, n.!23, 303 n.!13 139–41, 143–6, 147–8, 163, 183–6, ‘Resonance of Troy, The’, 275–6 n.!7, 188, 191–2, 203, 238, 268, 292 n.!78 283 n.!116, n.!117 Trelawny, E. J., 297 n.!41 ‘Schoenberg’s Moses and triad, see harmony, triadic Aaron’/‘Moses and Aaron’, 311 n.!58 tritone, 76, 119, 130, 136, 172, 175–8, 181, ‘Sketch for a modern oratorio’, 271–2 196, 299 n.!70; see also interval class 6 n.!4 trope, 39, 46, 144, 209, 232, 246, 250, 261, ‘St Augustine and his visions’, 288 288 n.!25 n.!25, n.!27 troping, musical, 115, 218–20; see also ‘Stage, The’, 278 n.!43 stratification, musical ‘Stravinsky and Les noces’, 282 n.!107, Trotskyism, 267, 284 n.!136 283 n.!111 truth, 2, 33, 66–7, 91, 95, 103–5, 127, 141–2, Those Twentieth Century Blues, 236, 145, 146, 149, 161, 228, 235, 238; see 271 n.!4, 272 n.!21, 276 n.!20, n.!21, also truth content 282 n.!106, 291 n.!59, 295 n.!25, 300 truth content, 139, 141, 144, 227–8, 230 n.!81, 304 n.!23, 308 n.!64, 309 n.!5, 312 n.!65 unconscious, the, 15–16, 17, 18–20, 23, ‘Thoughts on word-setting’, 297 n.!39, 29–31, 54–6, 71, 145, 191, 274 n.!45; 312 n.!76 see also collective unconsious

343 Index

Underhill, Evelyn, 281 n.!73 Weiskel, Thomas, 31–2, 124 unity, 5, 55, 75, 107, 228, 243, 256 Wells, H. G., 38 of Being, 243–4, 247–8 Wheen, Natalie, 303 n.!6, 308 n.!61, 309 musical, 112, 171, 216, 226–8 n.!6 universal, the, 2, 10, 11, 31, 39, 49, 55, 116, White, Eric Walter, 39, 270 n.!10, 271 n.!15, 155, 163, 183–4, 208, 210, 230, 234, 284 n.!127 245, 247, 261, 279 n.!50, 288 n.!31, Whittall, Arnold, 5, 27, 50, 97, 116, 137, 292 n.!81; see also particular, the 147, 175, 217, 228, 237, 248, 250, universe, 1, 4, 84, 90–1, 147, 150, 151, 155, 256, 260, 261, 268, 283 n.!110, 196, 296 n.!37 n.!118, 291 n.!57, 293 n.!1, 299 n.!70, urban, the, 5, 39, 260 304 n.!17, 305 n.!31, 306 n.!43, 312 utopia, 204, 229, 247 n.!75, 313 n.!88 whole-tone scale, see scale, whole-tone veil of illusion, 66–7, 71 Wilhelm, Richard, 271 n.!4 Vendler, Helen Hennessy, 263, 313 n. 87 will, 6, 53–4, 56–7, 63–5, 67, 75, 279 n.!50, Venn, Edward, 270 n.!12 280 n.!69, 281 n.!77, 282 n.!93, 296 Verdi, Giuseppe, 44, 277 n.!23 n.!37 Vernet, Horace, 191 to life, 63–4, 75; see also Life Vernet, Joseph, 191 to power, 68, 75, 80, 86, 89, 91, 92; see violence, 13, 37, 40, 68, 79, 86–7, 92, 145, also power 150, 186, 190, 191, 202, 203, 217, Williams, Alastair, 223, 306–7 n.!46 230, 241, 244 Williams, Raymond, 156 visionary, the, 2, 4, 10, 96, 104–5, 112, Wilson, F. A. C., 313 n.!87 160–1, 163, 188, 190, 249, 253, 261, women’s time, 264, 266–7 268; see also numinous, the; sublime Woodley, Ronald, 159, 296 n.!34 the; transcendent, the Wordsworth, William, 15, 152, 154 vocal persona, 163, 166 world vision, 1, 2, 5, 10–12, 37, 94, 208 voice, 5, 12, 94, 148, 161–70, 172–3, Wright, Peter, 304 n.!19 178–81, 186, 191–2, 228, 300 n.!76 voice leading, 24, 51, 61, 136, 172, 215, 217, Yeats, W. B., 8, 14, 32, 38, 82, 86–8, 95, 151, 279 n.!56 236–40, 243–4, 246–56, 259–61, voice types, 260–1, 267 263, 264, 268 ‘Byzantium’, 240, 242–4, 245, 250, 263, Wagner, Richard, 36, 38, 39, 41–2, 44, 47, 309 n.!21, n.!23 50, 52, 53, 54, 56–7, 58, 85, 277 ‘Leda and the swan’, 82, 86 n.!23, 279 n.!56 Vision, A, 86, 240, 243–4 Wakeﬁeld Pageants, 286 n.!7 Weber, Max, 271 n.!20 ZЈ chord, 177–9, 299 n.!75 Weinberg, Alan, 160, 296 n.!35 Zarathustra, 40, 42, 86