Fiber-Optic Devices TOSLINKTM
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2011-2 PRODUCT GUIDE Fiber-Optic Devices TOSLINKTM SEMICONDUCTOR http://www.semicon.toshiba.co.jp/eng TOSLINKTM Optical Transmission Devices TOSLINK™ is a family of data transmission devices that use optical signals instead of electrical signals. Because TOSLINK uses an optical fiber cable as a transmission line, it provides the following benefits, compared to electrical transmission using a twisted-pair or coaxial cable: External appearances of TOSLINK Comparison of TOSLINK devices and photocouplers A photocoupler is a semiconductor that consists of a light-emitting device VCC and a light-receiving device molded in one package. It is used to provide VCC electrical isolation between input and output. In contrast, TOSLINK uses separate light-emitting and light-receiving units that are connected Input Output through a long optical cable. Because an optical cable is used as a transmission line, it is possible to (a) Photocoupler transmit signals over long distances while providing a galvanic isolation VCC between the transmitting and receiving ends. VCC Thus, TOSLINK can be viewed, in a sense, as a long-distance photocoupler. Input Optical cable Output Optical transmitting module Optical receiving module (b) TOSLINK Comparison of a TOSLINK device and a photocoupler Electrical and optical transmission systems In an electrical data transmission system, a line driver is used to drive electrical signals through a long transmission line such as a twisted-pair cable. At the other end, a line receiver compensates for signal decay by Electrical input Electrical output signal signal amplifying the signals. A connector is required at each end of the cable. Twisted-pair cable Line Electrical Electrical Line By contrast, in a TOSLINK-based system, a transmitting module converts driver connector connector receiver electrical signals into optical signals, and a receiving module converts optical signals back to electrical signals. An optical fiber cable is used as a (a) Data transmission using a twisted-pair cable transmission line, and optical connectors link the transmitting and receiving modules to the cable. Electrical input Fiber-optic link Electrical output The TOSLINK transmitting module incorporates a light-emitting diode and signal signal Optical cable driver circuit. The TOSLINK receiving module incorporates a photodiode Transmitting optical optical Receiving connector connector and waveform reshaping circuit. The interface is either TTL or PECL for module module both modules for easy connection with other peripheral ICs. E/O converter O/E converter Transmitting LED Receiving circuit Photodiode circuit (b) Data transmission using an optical cable Data transmission systems TOSLINK is a trademark of Toshiba Corp. 2 QThe transmission line (i.e. the optical cable) is not susceptible to electromagnetic interference. QThe optical cable does not radiate any electromagnetic noise. QThe optical cable provides a complete galvanic isolation between equipments. Optical fiber An optical fiber consists of a core surrounded by a cladding. An optical ray entering the fiber is reflected back at the boundary between the core and the cladding. In this manner, it travels along the length of the fiber. There are three kinds of optical fiber: Optical ray a) All-plastic fiber (APF) b) Plastic-clad silica fiber (PCF) Sheathing c) Silica fiber Cladding (low refractive index for confinement of light) All-plastic fiber, having a plastic core and plastic cladding, is used for short-distance transmission. A plastic-clad silica fiber, which consists of a Core silica core and plastic cladding, is used for mid-distance transmission. Silica (high refractive index for transmission of light) fiber consists of a pure silica core with silica cladding and is used for long-distance transmission. Each optical fiber has a lower transmission loss over a certain wavelength range and is used together with appropriate optical modules. Structure of an optical fiber TOSLINK circuit configurations Optical transmission module The LED is driven by a differential circuit to reduce current transients LED generated during the on-off switching of the LED so that the LED’s Input 4 switching does not affect peripheral ICs. VCC 3 IF-CONT 2 GND 1 Transmitting module Optical receiving module Receiving IC The receiving module employs an ATC (automatic threshold control) circuit to reshape the waveform. The ATC circuit controls the comparator 4 GND2 reference voltage so that it is always automatically adjusted in accordance Amp circuit 3 VCC with the input optical power. This minimizes pulse width distortion, Comparator Reference voltage 2 GND1 regardless of the length or bending of the optical fiber. generating circuit 1 Output ATC circuit Receiving module 3 TOSLINKTM Optical Transmission Devices TOSLINK categories The Toshiba TOSLINK products are broadly categorized as follows. Optical Modules Simplex optical modules General-purpose transmitting modules JIS F05 APF General-purpose receiving modules JIS F05 APF High-speed transmitting modules JIS F05 APF/PCF SMA APF High-speed receiving modules JIS F05 APF/PCF SMA APF Digital audio transmitting modules JEITA RC-5720C Square style APF Digital audio receiving modules JEITA RC-5720C Square style APF Duplex optical modules General-purpose transceiver modules JIS F07 APF High-speed transceiver modules PN APF/PCF SMI APF TOSLINK application examples TOSLINK is used in a wide variety of applications, such as digital audio and factory automation. Factory automation (FA) Digital audio Car audio and navigation systems Office automation (OA) R L BX-GT BEAR 200-10008548 4 General-Purpose Optical Modules Upgrades of General-Purpose Optical Modules The TOSLINK 170, 180 and 190 Series are general-purpose Optical modules compatible with F05 connector optical modules well proven in the market. They have been (Simplex) Optical module compatible with F07 connector upgraded, while maintaining their features and electro-optical (Duplex) characteristics. Features Resin mold and ceramic packages Simplex (JIS F05) and duplex (JIS F07) Available in versions suitable for various applications. Resin-molded package Ceramic package Key specifications Data Rate: DC to 10 Mb/s(NRZ) Transmission Distance: APF-compatible modules: Up to 50 m PCF-compatible modules: Up to 1000 m Power Supply: 5 ± 0.25 V Operating Temperature: –40 to 85˚C Note: Key specifications differ from module to module. For details, see the appropriate technical datasheet. QCompatibility of the General-Purpose Optical Modules Transmitting Module Receiving Module Transceiving Module Package Connector LED Predecessor Replacement Predecessor Replacement Predecessor Replacement TOTX195(F) TODX295(F) TORX194(F) TOTX195A(F) TODX295A(F) TOTX1950(F) TORX1950(F) TODX2950(F) TOTX197(F) TODX297(F) TORX196(F) TOTX197A(F) TODX297A(F) Red TOTX170A(F) TODX270A(F) TOTX1951(F) TORX170(F) TORX1951(F) TODX2951(F) TOTX171A(F) TODX271A(F) TOTX193(F) TODX293(F) Resin mold JIS F05/F07 TOTX1952(F) TORX193(F) TORX1952(F) TODX2952(F) TOTX193A(F) TODX293A(F) TOTX170(F) TODX270(F) TORX170(F) TOTX196B(F) TODX270B(F) TODX294(F) Infrared TOTX194(F) TOTX1960(F) TORX194(F) TORX1950(F) TODX2960(F) TODX294B(F) TODX296(F) TOTX196(F) TORX196(F) TODX296B(F) Red TOTX180A(F) TOTX1850(F) TORX180(F) TODX280A(F) TODX2850(F) TORX1850(F) Ceramic JIS F05/F07 TORX180(F) (Differs in pin TODX280(F) TODX2860(F) Infrared TOTX180(F) TOTX1860(F) assignment from (Differs in pin TORX186) assignment from TORX186(F) TODX286(F) TORX286) The replacement modules have the same pin assignment as their respective predecessors, unless otherwise noted. However, replacement modules with different pin resistance may require an external capacitor. For details, see the appropriate technical datasheet. 5 General-Purpose Optical Modules Connecting general-purpose optical modules Application circuits for the TOTX1950(F) and TORX1950(F), a pair of transmitting and receiving modules, are shown in the figure on the right. Fiber-optic connector Fiber-optic connector The TOTX1950(F) transmission module requires an external insertion side insertion side resistor to supply current to the LED. Additionally, it requires a Soldered to Soldered to PC board PC board capacitor as a noise filter. Optical Optical 56GND 56GND The TORX1950(F) receiving module requires an transmitting module receiving module 4 321 4 321 inductor-capacitor noise filter on the Vcc line. The module 0.1 +F 0.1 +F case is made of conductive resin to provide a shielding effect 5.6 k1 47 +H against external noise. Pins #5 and #6 must be connected to Input VCC GND GND VCC Output the system ground. (Bottom view) (Bottom view) There are also duplex modules in the general-purpose TOTX1950(F) TORX1950(F) TOSLINK series; their application circuits are generally the same as for simplex modules. Application circuits for the TOTX1950(F) and TORX1950(F) All the general-purpose modules have a TTL interface for easy connection with peripheral digital ICs. Typical pulse width performance of general-purpose optical modules Generally, the width of pulse trains 30 generated by a receiving module varies Ta = 25˚C, Vcc = 5.0 V with the input optical power. This is 10 Mb/s, 50% duty cycle 20 referred to as pulse width distortion. APF cable The figure at right shows the pulse 10 TODX2950(F) width distortion of a replacement and a TODX295A(F) predecessor module, the TODX2950(F) 0 and TODX295A(F). The replacement module provides a –10 stable performance over a wider range Pulse Width Distortion (ns) –20 of input optical power. –30