Botnet-Based Distributed Denial of Service (Ddos) Attacks on Web Servers: Classification and Art
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Xbt.Doc.248.2.Pdf
MAY 25, 2018 United States District Court Southern District of Florida Miami Division CASE NO. 1:17-CV-60426-UU ALEKSEJ GUBAREV, XBT HOLDING S.A., AND WEBZILLA, INC., PLAINTIFFS, VS BUZZFEED, INC. AND BEN SMITH, DEFENDANTS Expert report of Anthony J. Ferrante FTI Consulting, Inc. 4827-3935-4214v.1 0100812-000009 Table of Contents Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................................. 1 Qualifications ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Scope of Assignment ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Glossary of Important Terms ............................................................................................................................. 4 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................... 7 Methodology ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 Technical Investigation ................................................................................................................................ 8 Investigative Findings ....................................................................................................................................... -
Tstable of Content
ZZ LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2017 North Atlantic Treaty Organization London International Model United Nations 18th Session | 2017 tsTable of Content 1 ZZ LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2017 Table of Contents Table of Contents WELCOME TO THE NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION .............................................................. 3 INTRODUCTION TO THE COMMITTEE .................................................................................................................. 4 TOPIC A: FORMING A NATO STRATEGY IN CYBERSPACE ............................................................................. 5 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................... 5 HISTORY OF THE PROBLEM ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Timeline of notable attacks ....................................................................................................................................... 7 1998 – 2001 “MOONLIGHT MAZE” ....................................................................................................................... 7 2005 – 2011 TITAN RAIN & BYZANTINE HADES .................................................................................................. 8 2007 Estonia DDoS Campaigns ............................................................................................................................... -
Wikileaks Wars: Digital Conflict Spills Into Real Life
Home | Tech | Science in Society | News | Back to article WikiLeaks wars: Digital conflict spills into real life 15 December 2010 by Jacob Aron Magazine issue 2791. Subscribe and save For similar stories, visit the Computer crime and Weapons Technology Topic Guides ADVERTISEMENT Editorial: Democracy 2.0: The world after WikiLeaks WHILE it is not, as some have called it, the "first great cyberwar", the digital conflict over information sparked by WikiLeaks amounts to the greatest incursion of the online world into the real one yet seen. In response to the taking down of the WikiLeaks website after it released details of secret diplomatic cables, a leaderless army of activists has gone on the offensive. It might not have started a war, but the conflict Dress code for an Anonymous vendetta (Image: is surely a sign of future battles. Sander Koning/AFP/Getty) 1 more image No one is quite sure what the ultimate political effect of the leaks will be. What the episode has done, though, is show what happens when the authorities attempt to silence what many people perceive as a force for freedom of information. It has also shone a light on the evolving world of cyber-weapons (see "The cyber-weapon du jour"). WikiLeaks was subjected to a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack, which floods the target website with massive amounts of traffic in an effort to force it offline. The perpetrator of the attack is unknown, though an individual calling himself the Jester has claimed responsibility. WikiLeaks took defensive action by moving to Amazon's EC2 web hosting service, but the respite was short-lived as Amazon soon dumped the site, saying that WikiLeaks violated its terms of service. -
S.C.R.A.M. Gazette
MARCH EDITION Chief of Police Dennis J. Mc Enerney 2017—Volume 4, Issue 3 S.c.r.a.m. gazette FBI, Sheriff's Office warn of scam artists who take aim at lonely hearts DOWNTOWN — The FBI is warning of and report that they have sent thousands of "romance scams" that can cost victims dollars to someone they met online,” Croon thousands of dollars for Valentine's Day said. “And [they] have never even met that weekend. person, thinking they were in a relationship with that person.” A romance scam typically starts on a dating or social media website, said FBI spokesman If you meet someone online and it seems "too Garrett Croon. A victim will talk to someone good to be true" and every effort you make to online for weeks or months and develop a meet that person fails, "watch out," Croon relationship with them, and the other per- Croon said. warned. Scammers might send photos from son sometimes even sends gifts like flowers. magazines and claim the photo is of them, say Victims can be bilked for hundreds or thou- they're in love with the victim or claim to be The victim and the other person are never sands of dollars this way, and Croon said the unable to meet because they're a U.S. citizen able to meet, with the scammer saying they most common victims are women who are 40 who is traveling or working out of the coun- live or work out of the country or canceling -60 years old who might be widowed, di- try, Croon said. -
Security > Automotive > Blockchain > Virtual and Augmented Reality
> Security > Automotive > Blockchain > Virtual and Augmented Reality AUGUST 2018 www.computer.org CALL FOR NOMINEES Education Awards Nominations Taylor L. Booth Education Award Computer Science and Engineering Undergraduate Teaching Award A bronze medal and US$5,000 honorarium are awarded for an outstanding record in computer science and engineering A plaque, certificate and a stipend of US$2,000 is education. The individual must meet two or more of the awarded to recognize outstanding contributions to following criteria in the computer science and engineering field: undergraduate education through both teaching and service and for helping to maintain interest, increase the • Achieving recognition as a teacher of renown. visibility of the society, and making a statement about the • Writing an influential text. importance with which we view undergraduate education. • Leading, inspiring or providing significant education content during the creation of a curriculum in the field. The award nomination requires a minimum of three • Inspiring others to a career in computer science and endorsements. engineering education. Two endorsements are required for an award nomination. See the award information at: See the award details at: www.computer.org/web/awards/booth www.computer.org/web/awards/cse-undergrad-teaching Deadline: 1 October 2018 Nomination Site: awards.computer.org r5p77.indd 77 5/9/18 3:30 PM IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY computer.org • +1 714 821 8380 STAFF Editor Managers, Editorial Content Meghan O’Dell Brian Brannon, Carrie Clark Contributing Staff Publisher Christine Anthony, Lori Cameron, Cathy Martin, Chris Nelson, Robin Baldwin Dennis Taylor, Rebecca Torres, Bonnie Wylie Senior Advertising Coordinator Production & Design Debbie Sims Carmen Flores-Garvey Circulation: ComputingEdge (ISSN 2469-7087) is published monthly by the IEEE Computer Society. -
Impact of Distributed Denial-Of-Service Attack On
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive Impact of Distributed Denial-of-Service Attack on Advanced Metering Infrastructure Satin Asri1 and Bernardi Pranggono2 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal, India Email: [email protected] 2School of Engineering and Built Environment Glasgow Caledonian University Glasgow, UK Email: [email protected] Abstract The age of Internet of Things (IoT) has brought in new challenges specifically in areas such as security. The evolution of classic power grids to smart grids is a prime example of how everything is now being connected to the Internet. With the power grid becoming smart, the information and communication systems supporting it is subject to both classical and emerging cyber-attacks. The article investigates the vulnerabilities caused by distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack on the smart grid advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). Attack simulations have been conducted on a realistic electrical grid topology. The simulated network consisted of smart meters, power plant and utility servers. Finally, the impact of large scale DDoS attacks on the distribution system’s reliability is discussed. Keywords advanced metering infrastructure (AMI); distributed denial-of- service (DDoS); smart grid; smart meter 1 Introduction In 2011 McAfee reported over 60% of critical infrastructure companies regularly found malware designed to attack their systems. Smart grid is arguably the most fundamental cyber-physical infrastructures of the humankind and modern society. Smart grid and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) or commonly known as the smart meter are considered as the main signs of classical electrical grids evolution toward smarter grids. -
A PRACTICAL METHOD of IDENTIFYING CYBERATTACKS February 2018 INDEX
In Collaboration With A PRACTICAL METHOD OF IDENTIFYING CYBERATTACKS February 2018 INDEX TOPICS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 OVERVIEW 5 THE RESPONSES TO A GROWING THREAT 7 DIFFERENT TYPES OF PERPETRATORS 10 THE SCOURGE OF CYBERCRIME 11 THE EVOLUTION OF CYBERWARFARE 12 CYBERACTIVISM: ACTIVE AS EVER 13 THE ATTRIBUTION PROBLEM 14 TRACKING THE ORIGINS OF CYBERATTACKS 17 CONCLUSION 20 APPENDIX: TIMELINE OF CYBERSECURITY 21 INCIDENTS 2 A Practical Method of Identifying Cyberattacks EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW SUMMARY The frequency and scope of cyberattacks Cyberattacks carried out by a range of entities are continue to grow, and yet despite the seriousness a growing threat to the security of governments of the problem, it remains extremely difficult to and their citizens. There are three main sources differentiate between the various sources of an of attacks; activists, criminals and governments, attack. This paper aims to shed light on the main and - based on the evidence - it is sometimes types of cyberattacks and provides examples hard to differentiate them. Indeed, they may of each. In particular, a high level framework sometimes work together when their interests for investigation is presented, aimed at helping are aligned. The increasing frequency and severity analysts in gaining a better understanding of the of the attacks makes it more important than ever origins of threats, the motive of the attacker, the to understand the source. Knowing who planned technical origin of the attack, the information an attack might make it easier to capture the contained in the coding of the malware and culprits or frame an appropriate response. the attacker’s modus operandi. -
Guide to Ddos Attacks November 2017
TLP: WHITE Guide to DDoS Attacks November 2017 This Multi-State Information Sharing and Analysis Center (MS-ISAC) document is a guide to aid partners in their remediation efforts of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. This guide is not inclusive of all DDoS attack types and references only the types of attacks partners of the MS-ISAC have reported experiencing. Table Of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Standard DDoS Attack Types ................................................................................................................................... 4 SYN Flood ................................................................................................................................................................ 4 UDP Flood................................................................................................................................................................ 5 SMBLoris .................................................................................................................................................................. 7 ICMP Flood .............................................................................................................................................................. 8 HTTP GET Flood ................................................................................................................................................. -
Reporting, and General Mentions Seem to Be in Decline
CYBER THREAT ANALYSIS Return to Normalcy: False Flags and the Decline of International Hacktivism By Insikt Group® CTA-2019-0821 CYBER THREAT ANALYSIS Groups with the trappings of hacktivism have recently dumped Russian and Iranian state security organization records online, although neither have proclaimed themselves to be hacktivists. In addition, hacktivism has taken a back seat in news reporting, and general mentions seem to be in decline. Insikt Group utilized the Recorded FutureⓇ Platform and reports of historical hacktivism events to analyze the shifting targets and players in the hacktivism space. The target audience of this research includes security practitioners whose enterprises may be targets for hacktivism. Executive Summary Hacktivism often brings to mind a loose collective of individuals globally that band together to achieve a common goal. However, Insikt Group research demonstrates that this is a misleading assumption; the hacktivist landscape has consistently included actors reacting to regional events, and has also involved states operating under the guise of hacktivism to achieve geopolitical goals. In the last 10 years, the number of large-scale, international hacking operations most commonly associated with hacktivism has risen astronomically, only to fall off just as dramatically after 2015 and 2016. This constitutes a return to normalcy, in which hacktivist groups are usually small sets of regional actors targeting specific organizations to protest regional events, or nation-state groups operating under the guise of hacktivism. Attack vectors used by hacktivist groups have remained largely consistent from 2010 to 2019, and tooling has assisted actors to conduct larger-scale attacks. However, company defenses have also become significantly better in the last decade, which has likely contributed to the decline in successful hacktivist operations. -
How Indirect Intermediaries Shape Online Speech
Mitchell 1 Anna Mitchell Professor Nate Persily INTLPOL 323 December 16, 2018 Hidden Censors: How Indirect Intermediaries Shape Online Speech 1. Introduction “Literally, I woke up in a bad mood and decided someone shouldn’t be allowed on the internet. No one should have that power.” After a whirlwind five days of social media protests and internal tension, Matthew Prince, the CEO of Cloudflare, an Internet-services company, decided to terminate its contract with The Daily Stormer. The Internet’s most popular neo-Nazi website had vanished from the Web.1 Cloudflare’s content distribution network (CDN), improving the Stormer’s performance and protecting it from distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, had allowed the site to stay afloat for months or years. But that changed in 2017 during a period of tense racial relations in the United States. From August 11 to 12, the Daily Stormer helped organize the white supremacist Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia. Soon after, it published articles calling murdered protestor Heather Heyer a “sloppy lard ass” and labeling her death an accidental heart attack.2 Reaction was swift. The next day, activist Amy Suskind tagged web hosting service GoDaddy in a Twitter post: “@GoDaddy you host The Daily Stormer - they posted this on their site. Please retweet if you think this hate should be taken down & banned.”3 Within 24 hours, GoDaddy responded by withdrawing hosting services. When the Stormer tried to switch to Google, it soon followed suit.4 Zoho refused to provide email service,5 and Twitter shut down Mitchell 2 associated accounts.6 With multiple major companies withdrawing services, it became increasingly difficult for the Stormer to host and propagate content. -
Deploying Crowd-Sourced Formal Verification Systems in a Dod Network
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2013-09 Deploying crowd-sourced formal verification systems in a DoD network Dumlupinar, Mahmut Firuz Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/37617 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS DEPLOYING CROWD-SOURCED FORMAL VERIFICATION SYSTEMS IN A DOD NETWORK by Mahmut Firuz Dumlupinar September 2013 Thesis Advisor: Geoffrey G. Xie Second Reader: Thomas Housel Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED September 2013 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS DEPLOYING CROWD-SOURCED FORMAL VERIFICATION SYSTEMS IN A DOD NETWORK 6. AUTHOR(S) Mahmut Firuz Dumlupinar 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School REPORT NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING N/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. -
Investigative Techniques of N-Way Vendor Agreement and Network Analysis Demonstrated with Fake Antivirus
2014 Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law Proceedings May 29th, 2:40 PM Investigative Techniques of N-Way Vendor Agreement and Network Analysis Demonstrated with Fake Antivirus Gary Warner The University of Alabama at Birmingham, [email protected] Mike Nagy The University of Alabama at Birmingham, [email protected] Kyle Jones The University of Alabama at Birmingham, [email protected] Kevin Mitchem The University of Alabama at Birmingham, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/adfsl Part of the Aviation Safety and Security Commons, Computer Law Commons, Defense and Security Studies Commons, Forensic Science and Technology Commons, Information Security Commons, National Security Law Commons, OS and Networks Commons, Other Computer Sciences Commons, and the Social Control, Law, Crime, and Deviance Commons Scholarly Commons Citation Warner, Gary; Nagy, Mike; Jones, Kyle; and Mitchem, Kevin, "Investigative Techniques of N-Way Vendor Agreement and Network Analysis Demonstrated with Fake Antivirus" (2014). Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law. 3. https://commons.erau.edu/adfsl/2014/thursday/3 This Peer Reviewed Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law by an (c)ADFSL authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law, 2014 INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES OF N-WAY VENDOR AGREEMENT AND NETWORK ANALYSIS DEMONSTRATED WITH FAKE ANTIVIRUS Gary Warner [email protected] Mike Nagy [email protected] Kyle Jones [email protected] Kevin Mitchem [email protected] The University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL ABSTRACT Fake AntiVirus (FakeAV) malware experienced a resurgence in the fall of 2013 after falling out of favor after several high profile arrests.