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Participatorylearningandaction 64 participatory learning and action Young citizens: youth and participatory governance in Africa Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) – The International Institute for Environment formerly PLA Notes and RRA Notes – is published and Development (IIED) is committed to twice a year. Established in 1987, it enables promoting social justice and the practitioners of participatory methodologies from empowerment of the poor and marginalised. It also supports around the world to share their field experiences, democracy and full participation in decision-making and conceptual reflections, and methodological governance. We strive to reflect these values in Participatory innovations. The series is informal and seeks to Learning and Action. For further information contact IIED, publish frank accounts, address issues of practical 80-86 Gray’s Inn Road, London WC1X 8NH, UK. Website: and immediate value, encourage innovation, and act www.iied.org as a ‘voice from the field’. We are grateful to the Swedish International This work is licensed under the Creative Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), the UK Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial- Department for International Development (DfID), Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. Recipients are Irish Aid, the Norwegian Agency for Development encouraged to use it freely for not-for-profit purposes only. Cooperation (Norad) and the Ministry of Foreign Please credit the authors and the PLA series. To view a copy Affairs of Denmark (Danida) for their financial of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- support of PLA. nc-sa/3.0 or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second We would also like to thank Plan UK and the Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California 94105, USA. Institute of Development Studies (IDS) for providing financial support that enabled the We welcome contributions to PLA. For information and participants and the editorial team to travel and guidelines, please see the inside back cover. participate in the writeshop for this special issue. The views expressed in this publication do not Download past and current issues necessarily reflect the views of the funding All issues of PLA are now free to download from organisations or the employers of the authors. www.iied.org Participatory Learning and Action 64 Subscribe © IIED, 2011 Subscriptions are free to the South. For more information Order no: 14607IIED please contact: Research Information Ltd., Grenville Court, Cover illustration: Regina Faul-Doyle Britwell Road, Burnham, SL1 8DF, UK. Email: Design and layout: Smith+Bell Design [email protected] Website: Printed by: Park Communications Ltd, London www.researchinformation.co.uk Guest editors: Rosemary McGee, Jessica Greenhalf and Holly Ashley. Purchase back issues Editors: Holly Ashley, Nicole Kenton, and Please contact Earthprint Ltd., PO Box 119, Stevenage, Angela Milligan. SG1 4TP, UK. Email: [email protected] Strategic Editorial Board: Nazneen Kanji, Website: www.earthprint.co.uk Jethro Pettit, Michel Pimbert, Krystyna Swiderska and David Satterthwaite. Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) is an umbrella term International Editorial Advisory Board: for a wide range of approaches and methodologies, including Oga Steve Abah, Jo Abbot, Jordi Surkin Beneria, Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), Rapid Rural Appraisal L. David Brown, Andy Catley, Robert Chambers, (RRA), Participatory Learning Methods (PALM), Louise Chawla, Andrea Cornwall, Bhola Dahal, Participatory Action Research (PAR), Farming Systems Qasim Deiri, John Devavaram, Research (FSR), and Méthode Active de Recherche et de Charlotte Flower, FORCE Nepal, Ian Goldman, Planification Participative (MARP). The common theme is Bara Guèye, Irene Guijt, Marcia Hills, the full participation of people in the processes of learning Enamul Huda, Vicky Johnson, Caren Levy, about their needs and opportunities, and in the action Sarah Levy, Zhang Linyang, PJ Lolichen, required to address them. Ilya M. Moeliono, Humera Malik, In recent years, there has been a number of shifts in the Marjorie Jane Mbilinyi, Ali Mokhtar, scope and focus of participation: emphasis on sub-national, Seyed Babak Moosavi, Trilok Neupane, national and international decision-making, not just local Esse Nilsson, Zakariya Odeh, Peter Park, decision-making; move from projects to policy processes and Bardolf Paul, Bimal Kumar Phnuyal, institutionalisation; greater recognition of issues of Giacomo Rambaldi, Peter Reason, difference and power; and, emphasis on assessing the quality Joel Rocamora, Jayatissa Samaranayake, and understanding the impact of participation, rather than Madhu Sarin, Daniel Selener, Meera Kaul Shah, simply promoting participation. Participatory Learning and Jasber Singh, Marja Liisa Swantz, Cecilia Tacoli, Action reflects these developments and recognises the Peter Taylor, Tom Wakeford, Eliud Wakwabubi, importance of analysing and overcoming power differentials and Alice Welbourn. which work to exclude the already poor and marginalised. 1 Contents Editorial ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Glossary ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................9 Abstracts ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................12 YOUNG CITIZENS: YOUTH AND PARTICIPATORY GOVERNANCE IN AFRICA 1. Seeing like a young citizen: youth and participatory governance in Africa Rosemary McGee and Jessica Greenhalf ......................................................................................................................21 PART I: FROM YOUTH VOICE TO YOUTH INFLUENCE 2. Digital mapping: a silver bullet for enhancing youth participation in governance? Linda Raftree and Judith Nkie................................................................................................................................................43 3. Kenema youth change lives and perceptions with participatory video in Sierra Leone Sallieu Kamara and Abdul Swarray ................................................................................................................................55 4. Our time to be heard: youth, poverty forums and participatory video Anderson Miamen and Annette Jaitner........................................................................................................................65 5. Youth participation in capturing pastoralist knowledge for policy processes Charles Kesa......................................................................................................................................................................................................77 6. What business do youth have making HIV and AIDS laws in Nigeria? Fadekemi Akinfaderin-Agarau and Temitope Fashola ............................................................................85 7. How far have we come with youth in governance? Jennifer Tang ..................................................................................................................................................................................................95 PART II: REJUVENATING SPACES FOR ENGAGEMENT 8. Lesotho’s shadow children’s parliament: voices that bridged the policy gap Lipotso Musi and Maseisa Ntlama ................................................................................................................................105 2 64 9. Catch them young: the young female parliament in northern Ghana Edward A. J Akapire, Alhassan Mohammed Awal and Rahinatu Fuseini ................113 10. Young, but capable: youth lead the struggle against violence in Mali Bedo Traore ....................................................................................................................................................................................................123 PART III: LEARNING CITIZENSHIP YOUNG 11. As of now, we are stakeholders in local governance Young people from Louga, Senegal with Serigne Malick Fall ........................................................133 12. Seeing from our perspectives: youth budget advocacy in Ghana Charlotte Bani-Afudego, George Cobbinah Yorke and Anastasie Ablavi Koudoh ............................................................................................................................................................143 13. Local champions: towards transparent, accountable governance in Embakasi, Kenya Edwine Ochieng and Cynthia Ochola Anyango..............................................................................................153 PART IV: POWER TO YOUNG PEOPLE 14. Silent voices, unrealised rights – championing youth participation in Zimbabwe Talita Ndebele and Leila Billing ........................................................................................................................................165 PART V: TIPS FOR TRAINERS 15. Exploring expressions and forms of power in youth governance work Salim Mvurya Mgala and Cathy Shutt ....................................................................................................................175 16.
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