DOCSLIB.ORG

Selecting Plants for Pollinators Selecting Plants for Pollinators

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Selecting Plants for Pollinators Selecting Plants for Pollinators Selecting Plants for Pollinators A Regional Guide for Farmers, Land Managers, and Gardeners In the Ozark Broadleaf Forest Meadow Province Including Parts of Arkansas and and Oklahoma NAPPC Table of CONTENTS Why Support Pollinators? 4 Getting Started 5 Ozark Broadleaf Forest 6 Meet the Pollinators 8 Plant Traits 10 Developing Plantings 12 Far ms 13 Public Lands 14 Home Landscapes 15 Bloom Periods 16 Plants That Attract Pollinators 18 Habitat Hints 20 Check list 22 Resources and Feedback 23 This is one of several guides for different regions in the United States. We welcome your feedback to assist us in making the future guides useful. Please contact us at [email protected] 2 Selecting Plants for Pollinators Selecting Plants for Pollinators A Regional Guide for Farmers, Land Managers, and Gardeners In the Ecological Region of the Ozark Broadleaf Forest Meadow Province Including Parts of Arkansas and Oklahoma a nappc and Pollinator Partnership™ Publication This guide was funded by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, the C.S. Fund, the Plant Conservation Alliance, the U.S. Forest Service, and the Bureau of Land Management with oversight by the Pollinator Partnership™ (www.pollinator.org), in support of the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign (NAPPC–www.nappc.org). Ozark Broadleaf Forest – Meadow Province 3 Why support pollinators? In theIr 1996 book, the Forgotten PollInators, Buchmann and Nabhan estimated that animal pollinators are needed for the reproduction “ Farming feeds of 90% of flowering plants and one third of human food crops. Each of us depends on these industrious pollinators in a practical way to provide us with the wide range of foods we eat. In addition, pollinators are part of the the world, and intricate web that supports the biological diversity in natural ecosystems that helps sustain our quality of life. Abundant and healthy populations of pollinators can improve fruit set we must remember and quality, and increase fruit size. In farming situations this increases production per acre. In the wild, biodiversity increases and wildlife food sources increase. that pollinators Strawberries, cucumbers, blueberries, and melons are some of the crops raised in the Ozark Broadleaf Forest that rely on honey bees and native bees for pollination. Domestic honey bees pollinate approximately $10 are a critical billion worth of crops in the U.S. each year. Unfortunately, the numbers of both native pollinators and domesticated link in our food bee populations are declining. They are threatened by habitat loss, disease, and the excessive and inappropriate use of pesticides. The loss of commercial bees to Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) has highlighted how severe the issues of proper hive management are to reduce stresses caused systems.” by disease, pesticide use, insufficient nutrition, and transportation practices. -- Paul Growald, Currently, the pollination services that the commercial beekeeping industry provides are receiving much needed research and conservation resources. Co-Founder, The efforts to understand the threats to commercial bees should help us Pollinator partnership understand other pollinators and their roles in the environment as well. It is imperative that we take immediate steps to help pollinator populations thrive. The beauty of the situation is that by supporting pollinators’ need for habitat, we support our own needs for food and support diversity in the natural world. Thank you for taking time to consult this guide. By adding plants to your landscape that provide food and shelter for pollinators throughout their active seasons and by adopting pollinator friendly landscape practices, you can make a difference to both the pollinators and the people that rely on them. Val Dolcini President & CEO Pollinator Partnership 4 Selecting Plants for Pollinators Getting Started thIs regIonal guIde Is just one States, developed by the United and submontane zone vegetation in a series of plant selection tools States Forest Service, is a system is primarily broad-leaved, cold- designed to provide information created as a management tool and deciduous forest that includes oak on how individuals can influence is used to predict responses to land and hickory. There are lesser areas pollinator populations through management practices throughout that include evergreen needle-leaved choices they make when they farm a large areas. This guide addresses trees. Short-leaf pine and oak occur plot of ground, manage large tracts pollinator-friendly land management on the shallow soils of disturbed of public land, or plant a garden. practices in what is known as the drier areas on the south- and west- Each of us can have a positive Ozark Broadleaf Forest, Meadow facing slopes. Province. impact by providing the essential Long before there were homes habitat requirements for pollinators This 6,400 square mile province and farms in this area, the original, including food, water, shelter, and in northern Arkansas and eastern natural vegetation provided enough space to allow pollinators to Oklahoma includes low mountains continuous cover and adjacent raise their young. dissected with narrow, steep valleys feeding opportunities for wildlife, Pollinators travel through the of plains with hills and open hills. including pollinators. In choosing landscape without regard to Elevations range from 650 to 2,600 plants, aim to create habitat for property ownership or state feet with local relief ranging from pollinators that allow adequate food boundaries. We’ve chosen to use 100 to 1500 feet. The climate is shelter, and water sources. Most R.G. Bailey’s classification system hot continental with hot summers pollinators have very small home to identify the geographic focus and cold winters. Average annual ranges. You can make a difference of this guide and to underscore temperature ranges from 58° to by understanding the vegetation the connections between climate 64°F. Annual rainfall ranges from 41 patterns of the farm, forest, or and vegetation types that affect to 52 inches. neighbor’s yard adjacent to you and by making planting choices the diversity of pollinators in the This province is characterized as that support the pollinators’ need environment. oak-hickory forest and oak-hickory- for food and shelter as they move Bailey’s Ecoregions of the United pine forest. The low elevation through the landscape. Ozark Broadleaf Forest – Meadow Province 5 Understanding the Ozark Broadleaf Forest n This region is designated number M222 in the Baileys’ Ecosystem Provinces. To see a map of the provinces go to: www.fs.fed.us/colorimagemap/ecoreg1_provinces.html n Not sure about which bioregion you live or work in? Go to www.pollinator.org and click on Ecoregion Locator for help. n 6,400 square miles in northern Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma. n Primarily low mountains and valleys. n Elevations ranging from 650 to 2,600 feet. n Average annual temperatures from 58°F to 64°F. n Average year-round precipitation between 41-52 inches. n USDA Hardiness Zones 6b-7a. Characteristics n Dominated by oak-hickory and oak-chickory-pine forest. n Common tree species include northern red oak, white oak, pignut hickory, mockernut hickory, shortleaf pine, and eastern red cedar. n Significant blocks of intact habitat remain at upper elevations, but ecosystem dynamics are largely fragmented outside those blocks. 6 Selecting Plants for Pollinators The Ozark Broadleaf Forest “ Adding native plantings in riparian areas Meadow Province includes parts of: to improve pollinator habitat makes Arkansas sense in advancing our family farm’s and Oklahoma conservation and economic objectives, enhancing beneficial wildlife and improving pollination in our orchard and garden.” --Lee McDaniel, Farmer and President, National Association of Conservation Districts Ozark Broadleaf Forest – Meadow Province 7 Meet the Pollinators Who are the Solitary bees include carpenter bees (Xylocopa spp.), which nest in wood; pollinators? digger, or polyester bees (Colletes spp.), which nest underground; Photo Lew Scharpf Lew Photo Bees leafcutter bees (Megachile spp.), Bees are well documented which prefer dead trees or branches pollinators in the natural and for their nest sites; and mason bees agricultural systems of the Ozark (Osmia spp.), which utilize cavities Broadleaf Forest. A wide range that they find in stems and dead of crops including strawberries, wood. Cactus bees (Diadasia spp.) cucumbers, blueberries, and melons are also solitary ground nesters. are just a few plants that benefit from bee pollinators. Butter fl ies Most of us are familiar with the Gardeners have been attracting Viceroy butterfly. colonies of honey bees that have butterflies to their gardens for some been the workhorses of agricultural time. These insects tend to be eye- pollination for years in the United catching, as are the flowers that States. They were imported from attract them. Position flowering Europe almost 400 years ago. plants where they have full sun and are protected from the wind. Also, There are nearly 4000 species of you will need to provide open areas native ground and twig nesting bees (e.g. bare earth, large stones) where in the U.S. Some form colonies butterflies may bask, and moist soil while others live and work a solitary from which they may get needed life. Native bees currently pollinate minerals. By providing a safe place many crops and can be encouraged to eat and nest, gardeners can also to do more to support agricultural support the pollination role that endeavors if their needs for nesting butterflies play in the landscape. It habitat are met and if suitable might mean accepting slight damage sources of nectar, pollen, and water to the plants, known as host plants, Ruby-throated hummingbird. are provided. Bees have tongues of that provide food for the larval stage varying lengths that help determine of the butterfly. which flowers they can obtain nectar and pollen from. A diverse group of butterflies are present in garden areas and The bumble bee (Bombus spp.) forms woodland edges that provide bright small colonies, usually underground.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Gigas Effect: a Reliable Predictor of Ploidy? Case Studies in Oxalis
    The gigas effect: A reliable predictor of ploidy? Case studies in Oxalis by Frederik Willem Becker Thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Science at Stellenbosch University Supervisors: Prof. Léanne L.Dreyer, Dr. Kenneth C. Oberlander, Dr. Pavel Trávníček March 2021 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration By submitting this thesis electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. March 2021 …………………………. ………………… F.W. Becker Date Copyright © 2021 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved i Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Abstract Whole Genome Duplication (WGD), or polyploidy is an important evolutionary process, but literature is divided over its long-term evolutionary potential to generate diversity and lead to lineage divergence. WGD often causes major phenotypic changes in polyploids, of which the most prominent is the Gigas effect. The Gigas effect refers to the enlargement of plant cells due to their increased amount of DNA, causing plant organs to enlarge as well. This enlargement has been associated with fitness advantages in polyploids, enabling them to successfully establish and persist, eventually causing speciation. Using Oxalis as a study system, I examine whether Oxalis polyploids exhibit the Gigas effect using 24 species across the genus from the Oxalis living research collection at the Stellenbosch University Botanical Gardens, Stellenbosch.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxon Order Family Scientific Name Common Name Non-Native No. of Individuals/Abundance Notes Bees Hymenoptera Andrenidae Calliop
    Taxon Order Family Scientific Name Common Name Non-native No. of individuals/abundance Notes Bees Hymenoptera Andrenidae Calliopsis andreniformis Mining bee 5 Bees Hymenoptera Apidae Apis millifera European honey bee X 20 Bees Hymenoptera Apidae Bombus griseocollis Brown belted bumble bee 1 Bees Hymenoptera Apidae Bombus impatiens Common eastern bumble bee 12 Bees Hymenoptera Apidae Ceratina calcarata Small carpenter bee 9 Bees Hymenoptera Apidae Ceratina mikmaqi Small carpenter bee 4 Bees Hymenoptera Apidae Ceratina strenua Small carpenter bee 10 Bees Hymenoptera Apidae Melissodes druriella Small carpenter bee 6 Bees Hymenoptera Apidae Xylocopa virginica Eastern carpenter bee 1 Bees Hymenoptera Colletidae Hylaeus affinis masked face bee 6 Bees Hymenoptera Colletidae Hylaeus mesillae masked face bee 3 Bees Hymenoptera Colletidae Hylaeus modestus masked face bee 2 Bees Hymenoptera Halictidae Agapostemon virescens Sweat bee 7 Bees Hymenoptera Halictidae Augochlora pura Sweat bee 1 Bees Hymenoptera Halictidae Augochloropsis metallica metallica Sweat bee 2 Bees Hymenoptera Halictidae Halictus confusus Sweat bee 7 Bees Hymenoptera Halictidae Halictus ligatus Sweat bee 2 Bees Hymenoptera Halictidae Lasioglossum anomalum Sweat bee 1 Bees Hymenoptera Halictidae Lasioglossum ellissiae Sweat bee 1 Bees Hymenoptera Halictidae Lasioglossum laevissimum Sweat bee 1 Bees Hymenoptera Halictidae Lasioglossum platyparium Cuckoo sweat bee 1 Bees Hymenoptera Halictidae Lasioglossum versatum Sweat bee 6 Beetles Coleoptera Carabidae Agonum sp. A ground beetle
    [Show full text]
  • Cherchez Le Musk' by Liz Druitt, Washington, TX
    Bulletin of the Magnolia grandiflora Southern Garden The Laurel Tree of Carolina Catesby's Natural History, 1743 History Society Vol. X No.3 Spring 1994 Cherchez le Musk' by Liz Druitt, Washington, TX T he most exciting rose rescue story in recent years is the case of Rosa moschata, the true old autumn-blooming `Musk Rose'. R. moschata is one of the parents of the most important American rose class, the Noisettes, which originated from a cross between this rose and the `Old Blush' China rose in Charleston, South Carolina, in about 1811 . It fell out of commerce both in America and England in the late 1880s because of a confusion of identity with another rose. The `Musk Rose' is presumably a species rose, though it has never been reliably documented in the wild . It must have been an early garden favorite, however, because it is described in all its late-flowering, musky-scented glory in a number of early botanists' works . John Gerard's Herball of 1597 and John Parkinson's Paradisi in sole, Paradisus terrestris of 1629 both include it, and Johann Herrmann gives so clear a botanical description of it in his 1762 `Dissertation' that the `Musk Rose's' full Latin name is designated as R. moschata Herrmann, though the date of introduction is still kept at the traditional mid- 1500s. This true form of R. moschata has small white flowers, single or double, borne usually in corymbs of seven Photo courtesy of I blossoms. These have a clean, musky fragrance said to be produced Ruth C.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of Illinois Native Trees
    Technical Forestry Bulletin · NRES-102 Checklist of Illinois Native Trees Jay C. Hayek, Extension Forestry Specialist Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Sciences Updated May 2019 This Technical Forestry Bulletin serves as a checklist of Tree species prevalence (Table 2), or commonness, and Illinois native trees, both angiosperms (hardwoods) and gym- county distribution generally follows Iverson et al. (1989) and nosperms (conifers). Nearly every species listed in the fol- Mohlenbrock (2002). Additional sources of data with respect lowing tables† attains tree-sized stature, which is generally to species prevalence and county distribution include Mohlen- defined as having a(i) single stem with a trunk diameter brock and Ladd (1978), INHS (2011), and USDA’s The Plant Da- greater than or equal to 3 inches, measured at 4.5 feet above tabase (2012). ground level, (ii) well-defined crown of foliage, and(iii) total vertical height greater than or equal to 13 feet (Little 1979). Table 2. Species prevalence (Source: Iverson et al. 1989). Based on currently accepted nomenclature and excluding most minor varieties and all nothospecies, or hybrids, there Common — widely distributed with high abundance. are approximately 184± known native trees and tree-sized Occasional — common in localized patches. shrubs found in Illinois (Table 1). Uncommon — localized distribution or sparse. Rare — rarely found and sparse. Nomenclature used throughout this bulletin follows the Integrated Taxonomic Information System —the ITIS data- Basic highlights of this tree checklist include the listing of 29 base utilizes real-time access to the most current and accept- native hawthorns (Crataegus), 21 native oaks (Quercus), 11 ed taxonomy based on scientific consensus.
    [Show full text]
  • Amorpha Canescens Pursh Leadplant
    leadplant, Page 1 Amorpha canescens Pursh leadplant State Distribution Best Survey Period Photo by Susan R. Crispin Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Status: State special concern the Mississippi valley through Arkansas to Texas and in the western Great Plains from Montana south Global and state rank: G5/S3 through Wyoming and Colorado to New Mexico. It is considered rare in Arkansas and Wyoming and is known Other common names: lead-plant, downy indigobush only from historical records in Montana and Ontario (NatureServe 2006). Family: Fabaceae (pea family); also known as the Leguminosae. State distribution: Of Michigan’s more than 50 occurrences of this prairie species, the vast majority of Synonym: Amorpha brachycarpa E.J. Palmer sites are concentrated in southwest Lower Michigan, with Kalamazoo, St. Joseph, and Cass counties alone Taxonomy: The Fabaceae is divided into three well accounting for more than 40 of these records. Single known and distinct subfamilies, the Mimosoideae, outlying occurrences have been documented in the Caesalpinioideae, and Papilionoideae, which are last two decades from prairie remnants in Oakland and frequently recognized at the rank of family (the Livingston counties in southeast Michigan. Mimosaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, and Papilionaceae or Fabaceae, respectively). Of the three subfamilies, Recognition: Leadplant is an erect, simple to sparsely Amorpha is placed within the Papilionoideae (Voss branching shrub ranging up to ca. 1 m in height, 1985). Sparsely hairy plants of leadplant with greener characterized by its pale to grayish color derived from leaves have been segregated variously as A. canescens a close pubescence of whitish hairs that cover the plant var.
    [Show full text]
  • Oxalis Violacea L. Violet Wood-Sorrel
    New England Plant Conservation Program Oxalis violacea L. Violet Wood-Sorrel Conservation and Research Plan for New England Prepared by: Thomas Mione Professor Central Connecticut State University For: New England Wild Flower Society 180 Hemenway Road Framingham, MA 01701 508/877-7630 e-mail: [email protected] • website: www.newfs.org Approved, Regional Advisory Council, December 2002 1 SUMMARY Violet Wood-Sorrel (Oxalis violacea L., Oxalidaceae) is a low-growing herbaceous, self-incompatible perennial that produces violet flowers in May, June and again in September. Reproduction is both sexual (with pollination mostly by bees), and asexual (by way of runners). The species is widely distributed in the United States but is rare in New England. Oxalis violacea is an obligate outcrosser: the species is distylous, meaning that there are two flower morphs (pin and thrum), with a given plant producing one morph, not both. Pin flowers are more common than thrum flowers. In New England, the habitat varies from dry to moist, and for populations to remain vigorous forest canopies must remain partially open. Succession, the growth of plants leading to shading, is a factor contributing to decline of O. violacea in New England, as are invasive species and habitat fragmentation. Fire benefits this species, in part by removing competitors. Human consumption of the leaves has been reported. Oxalis violacea has a Global Status Rank of G5, indicating that it is demonstrably widespread, abundant and secure. In Massachusetts, it is ranked as Threatened; five occurrences are current (in four towns among three counties) and 10 are historic. In Connecticut, it is listed as a species of Special Concern; 10 occurrences are current (in ten towns among six counties) and 19 are historic.
    [Show full text]
  • Prairie Restoration Technical Guides
    Optimal Collection Period Seed Ripening Period EARLY SEASON NATIVE FORBS May June July August September EARLY SEASON NATIVE FORBS May June July August SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME 1-10 10-20 20-30 1-10 10-20 20-30 1-10 10-20 20-30 1-10 10-20 20-30 1-10 10-20 20-30 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME 1-10 10-20 20-30 1-10 10-20 20-30 1-10 10-20 20-30 1-10 10-20 20-30 Caltha palustris Marsh marigold LATE SEASON NATIVE FORBS August September October November SEED COLLECTING Prairie smoke SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME 1-10 10-20 20-30 1-10 10-20 20-30 1-10 10-20 20-30 1-10 10-20 20-30 FROM Antennaria neglecta Pussytoes Stachys palustris Woundwort Castilleja coccinea Indian paintbrush Vicia americana Vetch False dandelion Rudbeckia hirta Black-eyed Susan TALLGRASS PRAIRIES Saxifraga pensylvanica Swamp saxifrage Lobelia spicata Spiked lobelia Senecio aureus Golden ragwort Iris shrevei Sisyrinchium campestre Blue-eyed grass Hypoxis hirsuta Yellow star grass Rosa carolina Pasture rose Content by Greg Houseal Pedicularis canadensis Lousewort Oxypolis rigidior Cowbane PRAIRIE RESTORATION SERIES V Prairie violet Vernonia fasciculata Ironweed Cardamine bulbosa Spring cress Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's root Allium canadense Wild garlic Heliopsis helianthoides Seed of many native species are now Lithospermum canescens Hoary puccoon L Narrow-leaved loosestrife commercially1 available for prairie Phlox maculata Marsh phlox Lythrum alatum Winged loosestrife Phlox pilosa Prairie phlox reconstructions, large or small. Yet many Ceanothus americana New Jersey tea Anemone canadensis Canada anemone Eupatorium maculatum Spotted Joe Pye people have an interest in collecting Prunella vulgaris var.
    [Show full text]
  • Species List For: Labarque Creek CA 750 Species Jefferson County Date Participants Location 4/19/2006 Nels Holmberg Plant Survey
    Species List for: LaBarque Creek CA 750 Species Jefferson County Date Participants Location 4/19/2006 Nels Holmberg Plant Survey 5/15/2006 Nels Holmberg Plant Survey 5/16/2006 Nels Holmberg, George Yatskievych, and Rex Plant Survey Hill 5/22/2006 Nels Holmberg and WGNSS Botany Group Plant Survey 5/6/2006 Nels Holmberg Plant Survey Multiple Visits Nels Holmberg, John Atwood and Others LaBarque Creek Watershed - Bryophytes Bryophte List compiled by Nels Holmberg Multiple Visits Nels Holmberg and Many WGNSS and MONPS LaBarque Creek Watershed - Vascular Plants visits from 2005 to 2016 Vascular Plant List compiled by Nels Holmberg Species Name (Synonym) Common Name Family COFC COFW Acalypha monococca (A. gracilescens var. monococca) one-seeded mercury Euphorbiaceae 3 5 Acalypha rhomboidea rhombic copperleaf Euphorbiaceae 1 3 Acalypha virginica Virginia copperleaf Euphorbiaceae 2 3 Acer negundo var. undetermined box elder Sapindaceae 1 0 Acer rubrum var. undetermined red maple Sapindaceae 5 0 Acer saccharinum silver maple Sapindaceae 2 -3 Acer saccharum var. undetermined sugar maple Sapindaceae 5 3 Achillea millefolium yarrow Asteraceae/Anthemideae 1 3 Actaea pachypoda white baneberry Ranunculaceae 8 5 Adiantum pedatum var. pedatum northern maidenhair fern Pteridaceae Fern/Ally 6 1 Agalinis gattingeri (Gerardia) rough-stemmed gerardia Orobanchaceae 7 5 Agalinis tenuifolia (Gerardia, A. tenuifolia var. common gerardia Orobanchaceae 4 -3 macrophylla) Ageratina altissima var. altissima (Eupatorium rugosum) white snakeroot Asteraceae/Eupatorieae 2 3 Agrimonia parviflora swamp agrimony Rosaceae 5 -1 Agrimonia pubescens downy agrimony Rosaceae 4 5 Agrimonia rostellata woodland agrimony Rosaceae 4 3 Agrostis elliottiana awned bent grass Poaceae/Aveneae 3 5 * Agrostis gigantea redtop Poaceae/Aveneae 0 -3 Agrostis perennans upland bent Poaceae/Aveneae 3 1 Allium canadense var.
    [Show full text]
  • Suggested Trees for the Great Plains
    THE NEBRASKA STATEWIDE ARBORETUM PRESENTS A FEW TREES TO REPLACE ASH The following list is recommended for homeowners seeking replacement options for ash trees. Beware that no tree is a perfect replacement and some species have specific site limitations. For a more thorough and informative list, please visit plantnebraska.org or nfs.unl.edu/ash-replacements. 1. Bur Oak - and related species (Quercus macrocarpa): Bur oak is an outstanding, majestic native tree with amazing drought tolerance; great for wildlife; 50-70’ x 50-75’. Related oaks include Chinkapin Oak (Q. muehlenbergii), Swamp White Oak (Q. bicolor - limit to eastern Nebraska), and Gambel Oak (Q. gambelii) a species well-suited to western Nebraska. 2. Red Oak - and related species (Quercus rubra): Red oaks are less tolerant of high pH soils and are generally more suited to eastern Nebraska; closely related species include Red Oak, Shumard Oak, Black Oak, Buckley Oak, and Shingle Oak; most species tough and reliable with lustrous sharp-pointed leaves and beautiful fall color from russet to bright red in fall; 40-60’x 40-60’. 3. American Linden - and related species (Tilia americana): American linden is a tough and adaptable native with fragrant spring flowers favored by bees and other pollinators; 60’x 40’. Littleleaf linden (Tilia cordata) is similar but with a more formal, pyramidal shape. Silver linden (Tilia tomentosa) has very attractive dark-green leaves with pubescent (silvery) undersides that give them better resistance to Japanese beetles. 4. Coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus): Native; amazingly adaptable; coarse outline with beautiful winter form; female trees have fairly large oblong seed pods containing the very hard “coffeetree” seeds; 50-60’x 40-50’.
    [Show full text]
  • Winter Tree Identification Pocket Guide
    Pocket Reference for Winter Tree Identification If found please send to P.O. Box 1040, Mahomet, IL 61853 or drop off at any of the Champaign County Forest Preserves. Characteristics To Look For In Winter ID • Bud arrangement - opposite (M.A.D. Horse Bucks) Maples Ashes Dogwoods Horse Chestnuts Buckeyes - alternate (Others) - whorled (Catalpa sp.) • Shape and color of buds • Shape and color of leaf scars • Color and structure of tree bark General Notes • Species with opposite arrangements are near the front of the reference, while species with alternate and whorled arrangements are near the back. • Each species has the common name, genus and species, as well as the family name listed. Genus and species names are in italics and the family names all end in “AE.” • A species marked with a denotes a species that we would like to have a location reported, so we can collect seed when the time is right. Lastly, this is by no means a complete guide to native trees in Illinois. It is simply a compilation of common trees that could be encountered during a hike in the woods. More trees will be added to this reference in the future so that a more complete guide can be generated Thank You and Enjoy! Maple Aceraceae Acer sp. Box Elder Acer negundo Distinguishing features • Buds are opposite. • Twig color is red. • White hairs are present on buds, creating a white “frost” on twig. Maple Aceraceae Acer sp. Sugar Maple Acer saccharum Distinguishing features • Buds are opposite and pointed. • Bud color is dark brown or shades of red.
    [Show full text]
  • TREES of OHIO Field Guide DIVISION of WILDLIFE This Booklet Is Produced by the ODNR Division of Wildlife As a Free Publication
    TREES OF OHIO field guide DIVISION OF WILDLIFE This booklet is produced by the ODNR Division of Wildlife as a free publication. This booklet is not for resale. Any unauthorized reproduction is pro- hibited. All images within this booklet are copyrighted by the ODNR Division of Wildlife and its contributing artists and photographers. For additional INTRODUCTION information, please call 1-800-WILDLIFE (1-800-945-3543). Forests in Ohio are diverse, with 99 different tree spe- cies documented. This field guide covers 69 of the species you are most likely to encounter across the HOW TO USE THIS BOOKLET state. We hope that this guide will help you appre- ciate this incredible part of Ohio’s natural resources. Family name Common name Scientific name Trees are a magnificent living resource. They provide DECIDUOUS FAMILY BEECH shade, beauty, clean air and water, good soil, as well MERICAN BEECH A Fagus grandifolia as shelter and food for wildlife. They also provide us with products we use every day, from firewood, lum- ber, and paper, to food items such as walnuts and maple syrup. The forest products industry generates $26.3 billion in economic activity in Ohio; however, trees contribute to much more than our economic well-being. Known for its spreading canopy and distinctive smooth LEAF: Alternate and simple with coarse serrations on FRUIT OR SEED: Fruits are composed of an outer prickly bark, American beech is a slow-growing tree found their slightly undulating margins, 2-4 inches long. Fall husk that splits open in late summer and early autumn throughout the state.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Wisconsin Rosids
    Diversity of Wisconsin Rosids . mustards, mallows, maples . **Brassicaceae - mustard family Large, complex family of mustard oil producing species (broccoli, brussel sprouts, cauliflower, kale, cabbage) **Brassicaceae - mustard family CA 4 CO 4 A 4+2 G (2) • Flowers “cross-like” with 4 petals - “Cruciferae” or “cross-bearing” •Common name is “cress” • 6 stamens with 2 outer ones shorter Cardamine concatenata - cut leaf toothwort Wisconsin has 28 native or introduced genera - many are spring flowering Herbs with alternate, often dissected leaves Cardamine pratensis - cuckoo flower **Brassicaceae - mustard family CA 4 CO 4 A 4+2 G (2) • 2 fused carpels separated by thin membrane – septum • Capsule that peels off the two outer carpel walls exposing the septum attached to the persistent replum **Brassicaceae - mustard family CA 4 CO 4 A 4+2 G (2) siliques silicles Fruits are called siliques or silicles based on how the fruit is flattened relative to the septum **Brassicaceae - mustard family Cardamine concatenata - cut leaf toothwort Common spring flowering woodland herbs Cardamine douglasii - purple spring cress **Brassicaceae - mustard family Arabidopsis lyrata - rock or sand cress (old Arabis) Common spring flowering woodland herbs Boechera laevigata - smooth rock cress (old Arabis) **Brassicaceae - mustard family Nasturtium officinale - water cress edible aquatic native with a mustard zing **Brassicaceae - mustard family Introduced or spreading Hesperis matronalis - Dame’s Barbarea vulgaris - yellow rocket rocket, winter cress **Brassicaceae
    [Show full text]