The Media and the British Royal Family Diploma Thesis
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MASARYK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE The Media and the British Royal Family Diploma thesis Brno 2018 Supervisor: Written by: Mgr. Zdeněk Janík, M.A., Ph.D. Bc. Jitka Thirkettle 0 Declaration I hereby declare that this diploma thesis is my own work and that the information I used has been fully acknowledged in the text and included in the reference list. I agree with putting the thesis on public display at Masaryk University for study purposes. V Brně dne 20.11.2018 Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem diplomovou práci vypracoval samostatně, s využitím pouze citovaných literárních pramenů, dalších informací a zdrojů v souladu s Disciplinárním řádem pro studenty Pedagogické fakulty Masarykovy univerzity a se zákonem č. 121/2000 Sb., o právu autorském, o právech souvisejících s právem autorským a o změně některých zákonů (autorský zákon), ve znění pozdějších předpisů. Brno, November 20, 2018 ..…………………………... Bc. Jitka Thirkettle 1 Bibliografický záznam THIRKETTLE, Jitka. The Media and the British Royal Family. Brno: Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Department of English Language and Literature, 2018. Supervisor: Mgr. Zdeněk Janík, M.A., Ph.D. Annotation This diploma thesis shows the changing relationship between the media and the British Royal Family. It demonstrates the perception of the public image of the British Royal Family members and the changes this family underwent from Queen Victoria´s reign to the present day. It assesses their position in British society and describes their relationship with British media, such as radio, television, internet and newspapers. It provides an analysis of the relationship between British sovereign along with his or her family members and the media, public and some significant political figures. It portraits the events that had a remarkable impact on the perception of the British Royal family and provides some evidence of the constant change of public views as well as the role of media in news supplying. Anotace Tato diplomová práce ukazuje měnící se vztah mezi medii a britskou královskou rodinou. Demonstruje vnímání veřejného obrazu členů britské královské rodiny a změny, které tato rodina podsoupila od vlády královny Viktorie do současnosti. Práce hodnotí jejich pozici v britské společnosti a popisuje jejich vztah s médii jako je radio, televize, internet a tisk. Poskytuje analýzu vztahu mezi britským panovníkem a jeho nebo jejími členy rodiny a médii, společností a některými důležitými postavami. Zobrazuje události, které měly významný dopad na vnímání britské královské rodiny a poskytuje důkazy o neustálých změnách veřejného mínění a roli medií, které zprávy přinášejí. 2 Keywords The British royal family, the media, the press, newspapers, television, radio, internet, social media, the Queen, the King, Klíčová slova Britská královská rodina, média, tisk, noviny, televize, rádio, internet, sociální média, královna, král, Acknowledgement I would like to gratefully acknowledge the supervision of Mgr. Zdeněk Janík, M.A., Ph.D. I would like to thank him for his kind supervising of this thesis and her helpful advice and insightful comments on the text. Poděkování Děkuji vedoucí práce, Mgr.Zdeňku Janíkovi, M.A., Ph.D. za laskavé vedení a kontrolu práce, cenné rady a podnětné komentáře. 3 Table of Content Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 6 1. THE MEDIA AND THE REIGN OF QUEEN VICTORIA ..................................... 8 1.1. Prince Albert .................................................................................................... 12 1.2. Queen Victoria´s latter years in the media ....................................................... 14 2. THE MEDIA AND THE REIGN OF KING EDWARD VII ................................. 15 2.1. The news coverage of Prince Edward .............................................................. 16 2.2. King Edward VII´s Reign in the Media ........................................................... 18 3. THE MEDIA AND BRITISH ROYAL FAMILY: 1910 – 1952 ............................ 22 3.1. The news and King George V .......................................................................... 23 3.2. The media and King Edward VIII ........................................................................... 26 3.3. The media and King George VI .............................................................................. 31 3.4. Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother ............................................................... 37 4. THE MEDIA AND THE QUEEN ELIZABETH II 1952 – 2018 ........................... 38 4.1. Princess Elizabeth ............................................................................................ 38 4.2. Broadcast of the Queen´s Coronation .............................................................. 40 4.3. News coverage since Elizabeth II´s coronation ............................................... 42 4.4. Crisis over Princess Diana´s death ................................................................... 47 4.5. The media coverage of the Queen: from 1998 to 2018 .................................... 49 5. OTHER MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL FAMILY IN THE MEDIA ..................... 52 5.1. Prince Charles .................................................................................................. 52 5.1.1. Princess Diana .................................................................................................. 54 5.1.2. Camila Parker Bowles ...................................................................................... 57 5.2. Prince William ......................................................................................................... 58 5.2.1. Kate Middleton ................................................................................................. 59 4 5.3. Prince Harry ............................................................................................................. 61 5.3.1. Meghan Markle ................................................................................................. 63 5.4. Internet and Social Media ................................................................................ 66 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………….……….68 Bibliography ………………………………………………….……………..…..…..…71 Apendices ……………………………………………………………….……………..84 List of Figures …………………………………………….………………………..84 5 Introduction I have chosen the topic “Media and the British Royal Family” for my diploma thesis as I have always found this topic extremely interesting and also quite controversial. The aim of my work is to show the changing relationship between the media and the British Royal Family and to demonstrate the perception of the public image of the British Royal Family and the changes that this family underwent over the last 170 years. This thesis deals with six sovereigns, from the reign of Queen Victoria to Queen Elizabeth II and describes their relationship with the British media, such as radio, television, internet and newspapers. It chronologically describes the most significant events that had a remarkable impact on the perception of the British Royal family and provides evidence of the constant change of public views as well as the role of media in news supplying. It covers the time from the reign of Queen Victoria, the arrival of the 20th century, the first world war, the second world war, the post-war period to the current era at the beginning of the 21st century. The results of this thesis intend to prove how new technology and public relations have impacted directly on the Monarchy and its standing in the UK as only recently the Queen has succeeded in becoming the longest reigning monarch in UK history. I would like to demonstrate the shift in the position of British royal family members as the distant remote figures to their current position when they are exposed to some intimate media attacks on a regular basis and slowly becoming detailed known characters. Some of the news reports even show how aggressively the media´s approach can be and what reaction these reports can evoke. The thesis shows the changes in boundaries regarding what is acceptable to report, establishes the needs that the royal family has towards to the media in regards of necessities to be in the public eye to preserve the continuity of public interest in the royal family and describes the fascination worldwide that people have with the British royal family and the reason why the British royal family is the most famous royal family in the world. 6 The first chapter of this thesis deals with the reign of Queen Victoria as I believe she was the first “visible” British monarch, for example her royal tours and the Great Exhibitions provided many chances for the people to see their Queen. The second chapter describes Queen Victoria´s oldest son, King Edward VII, whose scandalous life was frequently reported by the press, but on the other hand his effort to ensure the allies for a possible future war conflict and his relationship with other countries were noticed by journalists and later many times described as his significant steps of his reign. The third chapter deals with media coverage of King George V who was famously known for getting close to his subjects. Being a soldier himself, he could easily imagine a struggle during the war conflict and in successive years. He had to deal with anti-German campaign in the newspapers and in reaction of this campaign, he changed the family