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English Legal System – an Overview
1 English legal system – an overview Learning objectives By the end of this chapter you should: • appreciate the characteristics of law; • be able to identify sources of law and explain the different processes of law- making; • understand the various meanings of the term common law; • know in outline the structure, composition, and jurisdiction of the courts; • be able to explain the impact of membership of the European Union and the European Convention on Human Rights; and • have an overview of the bodies and personnel of the law. Introduction The study of the English legal system involves two different, but related processes. First, as a law student, you must learn a large body of factual material about the fundamental concepts of law, the sources of English law, and the institutions and the personnel of the law. You will encounter the material in this chapter during your study of the English legal system but you will fi nd that the material also underpins an understanding of other substantive modules, such as Contract, Tort, and Criminal law. This information contains the ‘basic tools’ that a law student needs to start to understand law and how it operates. Second, such knowledge is essential to the next process which involves a critical evaluation of the operation of law and its institutions; it is one thing to say what the law is, but quite another to explain if the law or an institution is operating effect- ively. A sound knowledge base is needed to found critical studies of the legal system or of the ‘law in action’. -
Ifaw-Trail-Of-Lies-Full-Report.Pdf
Trail of Lies Report on the role of trail hunting in preventing successful prosecutions against illegal hunters in the UK By Jordi Casamitjana Table of Contents 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................5 2. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................8 2.1. Hunting with dogs.................................................................................................................................8 2.1.1. A typical foxhunting day ............................................................................................................ 11 2.1.2. Cub hunting ............................................................................................................................... 16 2.1.3. Hunting roles ............................................................................................................................. 18 2.2. Drag hunting and bloodhounds hunting ........................................................................................... 22 2.3. The hunting ban ................................................................................................................................. 30 2.4. Enforcement of the hunting ban ....................................................................................................... 36 2.5. The NGOs’ role in the enforcement of the ban ................................................................................ -
Amending the Hunting Act 2004
BRIEFING PAPER Number 6853, 13 July 2015 Amending the Hunting By Elena Ares Act 2004 Inside: 1. The Hunting Act 2. Proposals to amend the Act 3. Reactions to the proposals www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary Number 6853, 13 July 2015 2 Contents Summary 3 1. The Hunting Act 4 1.1 The legislation in practice 4 England and Wales 4 Scotland 6 1.2 Public opinion on fox hunting 7 2. Proposals to amend the Act 7 2.1 Procedure to amend the Act 8 2.2 July 2015 announcement 8 2.3 Proposed amendments to Schedule 1 9 Passage through Parliament 9 3. Reactions to the proposals 11 Contributing Authors: Author, Subject, Section of document Cover page image copyright: Chamber-051 by UK Parliament image. Licensed under CC BY 2.0 / image cropped. 3 Amending the Hunting Act 2004 Summary Hunting with dogs was banned in England in 2004 under The Hunting Act. The legislation includes several exemptions which allow the use of a maximum of two dogs for certain hunting activities, including stalking and flushing. The exemptions under the Act can be amended using a statutory instrument with the approval of both Houses. The Conservative Government included a manifesto commitment to repeal the Hunting Act. However, in July 2015 the Government announced that it intended to amend the legislation to remove the limit on the number of dogs, and instead replace it with a requirement that the number of dogs used is appropriate to the terrain and any other relevant circumstance. -
Farminguk Magazine August 2019
FaIssuer 94 m august 2019inguk HOW ARE YOU FEELING? BORIS JOHNSON’S STANCES ON FARMING AND RURAL ISSUES THERESA VILLIERS APPOINTED NEW DEFRA SECRETARY FARMINGUK - THE UK SITE FOR AGRICULTURE CONTENTS 04 HOW ARE YOU FEELING? 22 FARMERS 'DO NOT RECOGNISE BREXIT THREAT', EXPERT SAYS 12 THERESA VILLIERS APPOINTED 24 BEEF CRISIS: FARMING UNIONS NEW DEFRA SECRETARY OUTLINE URGENT MEASURES 14 FARMERS TELL NEW PM 'PICTURE IS 26 BREXIT: MASS SLAUGHTER OF SHEEP BLEAK FOR SHEEP FARMING' 'DISASTROUS' FOR FARMERS 16 BORIS JOHNSON'S STANCES ON 30 SWINE FEVER OUTBREAK COULD FARMING AND RURAL ISSUES COST UK £85M 20 FARMERS TO ENCOURAGE PUBLIC TO EAT 32 RURAL CRIME HITS £50M AS BRAZEN MORE BRITISH LAMB CRIMINALS TARGET FARMERS 04 HOW ARE YOU FEELING? ADVERTISING AND EDITORIAL ENQUIRIES PO Box 75, Brighouse, West Yorkshire HD6 3WF KEITH WILD - Tel: 01484 400666 email: [email protected] MARK KILBURN - Tel: 01484 400666 email: [email protected] RICHARD JOWITT - Tel: 01484 400666 email: [email protected] /farminguk @farminguk AUGUST 2019 3 The pressures that farmers and their families find themselves under, involve many farming specific issues, including the financial pressures of running a business, the bureaucracy of farm inspections, geographical isolation on farms and the long working hours of the job. With mental health thankfully becoming less of a taboo subject – it should be just as normal to ask after someone’s their state of mind as their painful knee. Workplace wellbeing is now on the agenda of many companies but is it for farmers? 4 WWW.FARMINGUK.COM How are you feeling? The article by the Farming Community hard – dealing with high feed costs and low Network, gave worrying statistics on the egg prices, on top of other worries - is suicide rate in farmers as well as signals of undoubtably affecting their mental health. -
Introduction to Staff Register
REGISTER OF INTERESTS OF MEMBERS’ SECRETARIES AND RESEARCH ASSISTANTS (As at 15 October 2020) INTRODUCTION Purpose and Form of the Register In accordance with Resolutions made by the House of Commons on 17 December 1985 and 28 June 1993, holders of photo-identity passes as Members’ secretaries or research assistants are in essence required to register: ‘Any occupation or employment for which you receive over £410 from the same source in the course of a calendar year, if that occupation or employment is in any way advantaged by the privileged access to Parliament afforded by your pass. Any gift (eg jewellery) or benefit (eg hospitality, services) that you receive, if the gift or benefit in any way relates to or arises from your work in Parliament and its value exceeds £410 in the course of a calendar year.’ In Section 1 of the Register entries are listed alphabetically according to the staff member’s surname. Section 2 contains exactly the same information but entries are instead listed according to the sponsoring Member’s name. Administration and Inspection of the Register The Register is compiled and maintained by the Office of the Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards. Anyone whose details are entered on the Register is required to notify that office of any change in their registrable interests within 28 days of such a change arising. An updated edition of the Register is published approximately every 6 weeks when the House is sitting. Changes to the rules governing the Register are determined by the Committee on Standards in the House of Commons, although where such changes are substantial they are put by the Committee to the House for approval before being implemented. -
R V ADAMS, Appeal Against Conviction. Unreported, Cambridge Crown Court, 9 May 2019
R v ADAMS, appeal against conviction. Unreported, Cambridge Crown Court, 9 May 2019. Hunting Act 2004; exempt hunting under Schedule 1; exemption under “flushing from cover for the purposes of falconry” Fox hunting has continued despite the Hunting Act 2004. There is a fairly small section of the population passionately in favour of hunting, with comparable section fiercely opposed to it, leaving a majority with a spectrum of views, perhaps tilting towards those who think it a distasteful activity, not worth reviving. Noticeably, Jeremy Hunt as a candidate for Conservative leadership this July, briefly favoured promising a further vote in Parliament, but soon backed off as he realised that it could cost him support within the Conservative party membership. Theresa May went into the 2017 election promising a further vote in the new parliament on whether to repeal the Hunting Act but in the event, so certain was its defeat, there was no attempt to introduce such a bill. Fox hunts have none the less continued to meet despite the restrictions of the Hunting Act 2004. They have had make adaptions. Some have organised “drag hunts” – that is following a scent laid by pulling a bag over the ground for the hounds to follow. Other fox hunts spotted an exemption in the Hunting Act. Under the Act hunting a wild mammal with dogs is unlawful unless it is one of the exempt activities set out in Schedule 1. Para 6 of Schedule 1 provides: Flushing a wild mammal from cover is exempt hunting if undertaken– (a) For the purpose of enabling a bird of prey to hunt the wild mammal, and (b) (Is on land the hunter owns or where he has permission to hunt) Fox hunts have therefore gone out with a golden eagle or similar bird of prey ready for release, and claimed that what was actually going on was a form of falconry. -
40 Dogs to Kill a Fox: Amending the Hunting Act 2004 Gregory Gordon
40 dogs to kill a fox: Amending the Hunting Act 2004 Gregory Gordon, Guildhall Chambers If hunting is banned, I might as well leave the country and spend the rest of my life skiing.1 So said, it is reported, the heir to the throne. It must be frightening and confusing to find yourself on the wrong side of history just as the tides of social acceptability change against you. Opponents of the Hunting Act 2004 assured us it would destroy rural livelihoods, lead to the destruction of thousands of bloodhounds and overrun the countryside with foxes. Now that none of the above has come to pass, and public opinion remains firmly in favour of the Act, you would be forgiven for expecting that those who enjoy watching a pack of dogs tear a fox apart had nowhere left to turn. Not so. Free Vote As early as next Wednesday [15 July 2015] the Government plans to allow a free vote in the Commons to relax the law on hunting mammals with dogs. The Conservatives are not yet fulfilling their manifesto pledge to allow a vote on the full repeal of the Act, but may not need to if their deceptively dry proposed amendments are passed: the tortuously named Hunting Act (Exempt Hunting) (Amendment) Order 2015. Currently, only two dogs are permitted to “flush” a fox (who has, for fear of its life, taken cover underground) to the surface where the barrel of a gun awaits. The amendments would permit 40 hounds to do the job. Why? Are some burrows so cavernous that only 40 dogs could find a fox hidden therein? No. -
Section 2 of the Parliament Act 1911
SECTION 2 OF THE PARLIAMENT ACT 1911 This pamphlet is intended for members of the Office of the Parliamentary Counsel. References to Commons Standing Orders are to the Standing Orders of the House of Commons relating to Public Business of 1 May 2018 and the addenda up to 6 February 2019. References to Lords Standing Orders are to the Standing Orders of the House of Lords relating to Public Business of 18 May 2016. References to Erskine May are to Erskine May on Parliamentary Practice (25th edition, 2019). Office of the Parliamentary Counsel 11 July 2019 CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION General . 1 Text of section 2. 1 Uses of section 2 . 2 Role of First Parliamentary Counsel . 3 CHAPTER 2 APPLICATION OF SECTION 2 OF THE PARLIAMENT ACT 1911 Key requirements . 4 Bills to which section 2(1) applies . 4 Sending up to Lords in first Session . 6 Rejection by Lords in first Session . 7 Same Bill in second Session. 7 Passing Commons in second Session . 10 Sending up to Lords in second Session . 11 Rejection by Lords in second Session . 11 Commons directions . 14 Royal Assent . 14 CHAPTER 3 SUGGESTED AMENDMENTS Commons timing and procedure . 16 Function of the procedure . 17 Form of suggested amendment . 19 Lords duty to consider. 19 Procedure in Lords . 19 CHAPTER 4 OTHER PROCEDURAL ISSUES IN THE SECOND SESSION Procedure motions in Commons . 21 Money Resolutions . 23 Queen’s and Prince’s Consent . 23 To and Fro (or “ping-pong”) . 23 APPENDIX Jackson case: implied restrictions under section 2(1) . 25 —i— CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION General 1.1 The Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949 were passed to restrict the power of veto of the House of Lords over legislation.1 1.2 Section 1 of the 1911 Act is about securing Royal Assent to Money Bills to which the Lords have not consented. -
John F. Robins, Secretary, Animal Concern Advice Line (ACAL), C/O Animal Concern, Post Office Box 5178, Dumbarton G82 5YJ
E-MAIL FROM: John F. Robins, Secretary, Animal Concern Advice Line (ACAL), c/o Animal Concern, Post Office Box 5178, Dumbarton G82 5YJ. Tel 01389-841111. Mobile: 07721-605521. Animal Concern Advice Line (ACAL) is a recognised Scottish charity: No. SC030982. Animal Concern Advice Line was established in 2001 to take on the charitable work of Animal Concern which was founded as the Scottish Anti-Vivisection Society in 1876. E-MAIL: [email protected] Website: http://adviceaboutanimals.info To all ACAL Supporters, Hi, I hope that subject line got your attention. If you are on the e-mail lists of a few organisations you will have been inundated with requests to write to your MP and sign petitions calling on them to make a point of attending Parliament this coming Wednesday, July 15th, to vote against proposed amendments to the Hunting Act 2004. My e-mail to Scottish MPs (copied below) will explain why this is such a vitally important issue. If you live in England or Wales and have not written to your MP about this in the last two days please do so now telling them that you would like them to represent you in Parliament on Wednesday by voting against any and all proposed amendments to the Hunting Act 2004. If you live in Scotland and even if you have already written to your MP I’d like you to write again. All it needs is a short message saying something along the lines of: “I am a supporter of Animal Concern Advice Line (ACAL). -
Charles Campion
PARTNERSHIP & SPONSORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES Great Taste is the Great Taste is the only food award most rigorous food award worth having. scheme out there. “ Charles Campion “ Xanthe Clay Food Critic & MasterChef” Judge Food Writer, Weekend” Telegraph The Great Taste Awards are known as the “Oscars” “of the food industry Sunday Times INTRODUCTION FROM JOHN FARRAND, GUILD OF FINE FOOD AND GREAT ”TASTE When we first launched the Great Taste awards in 1994, there was no great plan to create a national benchmark for speciality food and drink. We merely sought to offer small food producers an accreditation that would help them fight big-budgeted, super-premium brands sold in supermarkets. 23 years later, Great Taste has grown beyond our wildest dreams and is acknowledged as the UK food industry’s most rigorous and authoritative standard for fine food and drink. In fact, the Great Taste brand has gained a worldwide reputation. The unique appeal of the awards lies in its name – a star is granted for nothing other than ‘great taste’. Ten thousand food and drink products were blind tasted last year by leading food experts, chefs and food writers, including many of the industry’s most famous names. Every product awarded a one-star tastes great, without a single marketing gimmick in sight. Two- and three-stars indicate sheer perfection, foods boasting that indefinable ‘wow’ factor. But Great Taste is not just about acknowledging great food. It also feeds back positive help to those producers whose products still have a little way to go before they too, are worthy of an award. -
Current Affairs Documentary – Entertainment
Adam Wood DUBBING MIXER 1 Springvale Terrace, W14 0AE 37 -38 Newman Street, W1T 1QA 44 -48 Bloomsbury Street, London, WC1B 3QJ Tel: 0207 605 1700 [email protected] Drama and Drama Documentary Nazi Mega Structures 4 x 60' Darlow Smithson for National Geographic Would I Lie to You 4 x 60' Raw TV for Discovery Millionaire made here 6 x 60' Nutopia for Smithsonian Gospel of Jesus's Wife 1 x 60' Blink Films for BBC Worldwide/Discovery Little Deaths 120’ Almost Midnight Productions Dog City (Dialogue Editor) 120’ Dia4 Films Girl Number 9 6 x 5’ Magician Films Documentary – Current Affairs Human Rights Gone Wrong 1 x 60' BBC Current Affairs for BBC Two Dispatches: Let Our Dad Die 1 x 30' Blakeway Productions for Channel 4 Dispatches: Murdered in Tenerife 1 x 30’ CTVC for Channel 4 Documentary – Entertainment I Bought a Rainforest 3 x 60’ Keo Films for BBC Two All Things Sweet 8 x30' Liverpool Street Productions for the Food Channel Travel Man 1 x 30' North 1 for Channel 4 Animal Fight Night 3 x 60’ Arrow Media for National Geographic Food Inspectors 6 x 60’ Betty TV for BBC One Storage Flog The Lot 3 x 60' RDF for Channel 5 Animal Saints and Sinners 5 x 60’ Flame for BBC One The Business of Comedy 1 x 60' BBC Comedy for BBC Two Come Fly with Me – The Story of Pan Am 1 x 60' BBC Vision for BBC Two Bear Grylls: Extreme Survival Caught On Camera 8 x 30’ Betty TV for Discovery Man Up 3 x 60’ Betty TV for Fox River Cottage - Baking 1 x 120' Keo Films for DVD Bill’s Kitchen 4 x 30’ BBC for BBC Worldwide Valentine Warner Eats Scandinavia 4 x 30’ -
General Licence 008-Licence to Take Mallard Duck Eggs-Rear and Release
Licence No: GEN / WCA / 008 / 2015 Valid From: 1st January 2015 st Expiry: 31 December 2015 WILDLIFE AND COUNTRYSIDE ACT 1981 (AS AMENDED) LICENCE TO TAKE EGGS OF MALLARD DUCK ( ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS ) TO REAR AND RELEASE This licence, granted under Section 16(1) (c), 16(5) and Section 16(5)(a) of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), by the Natural Resource Body for Wales otherwise known as Natural Resources Wales (NRW), being satisfied that as regards the purpose set out at paragraph 1 that there is no other satisfactory solution, permits authorised persons to carry out a range of activities against the birds of the species listed and hereby grants the following licence which applies only in Wales: - 1. This licence allows the taking of eggs of the Mallard duck for incubation before 31 March, to assist in the successful rearing of birds which otherwise would have been unlikely to withstand adverse weather conditions for the purpose of conserving wild birds. 2. Subject to the terms and conditions below this licence permits: any authorised person (see definitions) to take eggs of the Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) and for any such person to have in his possession such an egg and any bird hatched from such an egg. The works noted above are licensed for the period as stated above and are granted subject to compliance with the conditions as specified. Anything done otherwise than in accordance with the terms of the licence may constitute an offence. Signed for and on behalf of Natural Resources Wales Ffôn/Tel 0300 065 4974 / 0300 065 4921 Ebost/Email: [email protected] or [email protected] www.cyfoethnaturiolcymru.gov.uk www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru / Natural Resources Wales, Maes y Ffynnon, Penrhos Garnedd, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2DW Croesewir gohebiaeth yn y Gymraeg a'r Saesneg Correspondence welcomed in Welsh and English Licence Number : GEN / WCA / 008 / 2015 CONDITIONS 1.