If You Fly Into Rome: If You Fly Into Pisa: If You Fly Into Milan
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Britsh Group Terravision Renovates the Perilous Balcony of Piazzale Winston Churchill in Villa Borghese
BRITSH GROUP TERRAVISION RENOVATES THE PERILOUS BALCONY OF PIAZZALE WINSTON CHURCHILL IN VILLA BORGHESE Unveiling ceremony taking place on Friday December 12 at 11:30 in the presence of the British Ambassador in Rome. To commemorate the 140th anniversary of the birth of Sir Winston Churchill (Woodstock, November 30th 1874 - London, January 24th 1965), Terravision Group has restored the historic balcony in the Roman piazza named after the English statesman and Nobel Prize winner, located in front of the British School at Rome in Villa Borghese. After collapsing in 2010 and having been left in total abandonment, the balcony in Piazzale Winston Churchill had been covered with tarps, wooden boards and scaffolding tubes. Left in these conditions for years, it had become a symbol of neglect and decay in Rome in addition to being a safety hazard for pedestrians and drivers. The balcony’s parapet, artistically created in travertine in 1911 for the fiftieth anniversary of the Unification of Italy, delineates the panoramic view offered from the balcony situated between the Faculty of Architecture and the National Gallery of Modern Art - a passageway constantly full of university students and patrons of the nearby international cultural institutes. The British Group Terravision is the European leader in airport transfers, offering shuttle services connecting Europe’s main airports to their respective city centres. The group is present in 40 airports across seven European countries, transports 5 million passengers annually, employs 400 people and, in 2013, generated a turnover of 35 million Euro. In Italy, Terravision, together with Assolowcost, has created an innovative tourism project called “Thaz Italia” spanning across Italy’s historic town centres. -
Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism
Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert Robert Fredona Working Paper 18-021 Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert Harvard Business School Robert Fredona Harvard Business School Working Paper 18-021 Copyright © 2017 by Sophus A. Reinert and Robert Fredona Working papers are in draft form. This working paper is distributed for purposes of comment and discussion only. It may not be reproduced without permission of the copyright holder. Copies of working papers are available from the author. Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert and Robert Fredona ABSTRACT: N.S.B. Gras, the father of Business History in the United States, argued that the era of mercantile capitalism was defined by the figure of the “sedentary merchant,” who managed his business from home, using correspondence and intermediaries, in contrast to the earlier “traveling merchant,” who accompanied his own goods to trade fairs. Taking this concept as its point of departure, this essay focuses on the predominantly Italian merchants who controlled the long‐distance East‐West trade of the Mediterranean during the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Until the opening of the Atlantic trade, the Mediterranean was Europe’s most important commercial zone and its trade enriched European civilization and its merchants developed the most important premodern mercantile innovations, from maritime insurance contracts and partnership agreements to the bill of exchange and double‐entry bookkeeping. Emerging from literate and numerate cultures, these merchants left behind an abundance of records that allows us to understand how their companies, especially the largest of them, were organized and managed. -
Spoliation in Medieval Rome Dale Kinney Bryn Mawr College, [email protected]
Bryn Mawr College Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College History of Art Faculty Research and Scholarship History of Art 2013 Spoliation in Medieval Rome Dale Kinney Bryn Mawr College, [email protected] Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.brynmawr.edu/hart_pubs Part of the Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Art and Architecture Commons Custom Citation Kinney, Dale. "Spoliation in Medieval Rome." In Perspektiven der Spolienforschung: Spoliierung und Transposition. Ed. Stefan Altekamp, Carmen Marcks-Jacobs, and Peter Seiler. Boston: De Gruyter, 2013. 261-286. This paper is posted at Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College. http://repository.brynmawr.edu/hart_pubs/70 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Topoi Perspektiven der Spolienforschung 1 Berlin Studies of the Ancient World Spoliierung und Transposition Edited by Excellence Cluster Topoi Volume 15 Herausgegeben von Stefan Altekamp Carmen Marcks-Jacobs Peter Seiler De Gruyter De Gruyter Dale Kinney Spoliation in Medieval Rome i% The study of spoliation, as opposed to spolia, is quite recent. Spoliation marks an endpoint, the termination of a buildlng's original form and purpose, whÿe archaeologists tradition- ally have been concerned with origins and with the reconstruction of ancient buildings in their pristine state. Afterlife was not of interest. Richard Krautheimer's pioneering chapters L.,,,, on the "inheritance" of ancient Rome in the middle ages are illustrated by nineteenth-cen- tury photographs, modem maps, and drawings from the late fifteenth through seventeenth centuries, all of which show spoliation as afalt accomplU Had he written the same work just a generation later, he might have included the brilliant graphics of Studio Inklink, which visualize spoliation not as a past event of indeterminate duration, but as a process with its own history and clearly delineated stages (Fig. -
Diplomacy and Legislation As Instruments in the War Against Piracy in the Italian Maritime Republics (Genoa, Pisa and Venice)
MARIE-LUISE FAVREAU-LILIE Diplomacy and Legislation as Instruments in the War against Piracy in the Italian Maritime Republics (Genoa, Pisa and Venice) Amazingly enough, the significance of piracy as an impetus for the develop- ment of law in the Italian maritime trade cities Genoa, Pisa and Venice has yet to be the focus of systematic study. Neither has anyone thought to inquire what role diplomacy played in the maritime cities’ attempts to thwart the bane of piracy on the Mediterranean. Taking a look back at events transpiring in Pi- sa, probably in 1373, provides a perfect introduction to the topic of this paper. In that year, an esteemed Corsican, supposedly by the name of Colombano, bought two small ships. The buyer stated he intended to go on a trading expe- dition. Colombano readily swore the legally prescribed oath, but the Pisans were nonetheless suspicious and demanded he also present a guarantor as ad- ditional security. Colombano found the Pisan Gherardo Astaio, who was will- ing to vouch for him. In the event that Colombano broke his oath and set out to chase merchant ships instead of going on his trading expedition, Astaio would have to pay 800 florins. As it turned out, the distrust of the Pisan au- thorities was entirely justified: Colombano hired crews for both sailing vessels and in the early summer of 1374 proceeded to plunder in the waters off Pisa’s coast (“nel mare del commune di Pisa”) every ship he could get his hands on, regardless of origin, including ships from Pisa, from Pisa’s allies – cities and kingdoms –, as well as those of Pisa’s enemies. -
Stereotypes in Financial Literacy: Evidence from PISA
GFLEC Working Paper Series WP 2020-6 Stereotypes in Financial Literacy: Evidence from PISA November 2020 Laura Bottazzi Abstract: Bologna University We examine gender differences in financial literacy among high school students in Italy using data from the 2012 Programme for Annamaria Lusardi International Student Assessment (PISA). Gender differences in The George Washington University financial literacy are large among the young in Italy. They are present in all regions and are particularly severe in the South and the Islands. Combining the rich PISA data with a variety of other indicators, we provide a thorough analysis of the potential determinants of the gender gap in financial literacy. We find that parental background, in particular the role of mothers, matters for the financial knowledge of girls. Moreover, we show that the social and cultural environment in which girls and boys live plays a crucial role in explaining gender differences. We also show that history matters: Medieval commercial hubs and the nuclear family structure created conditions favorable to the transformation of the role of women in society, and shaped gender differences in financial literacy as well. We discuss the changes that are needed to close the gap in financial knowledge among the young. www.gflec.org Stereotypes in Financial Literacy: Evidence from PISA Laura Bottazzi Annamaria Lusardi Bologna University and IGIER The George Washington University School of Business, NBER and CEPR November 2, 2020 Abstract We examine gender differences in financial literacy among high school students in Italy using data from the 2012 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Gender differences in financial literacy are large among the young in Italy. -
The Decorated North Wall in the Tomb of Tutankhamun (Kv 62)
AMARNA ROYAL TOMBS PROJECT VALLEY OF THE KINGS Occasional Paper No. 3 THE DECORATED NORTH WALL IN THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62) (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? II) By Nicholas Reeves, FSA With A Review of the Geophysical Data By George Ballard, FRICS THE DECORATED NORTH WALL IN THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62) (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? II) ABSTRACT This paper revisits an earlier discussion, The Burial of Nefertiti? (ARTP Occasional Paper No. 1), to consider in greater detail the painted north wall in the Burial Chamber (room J) of Tutankhamun’s tomb (KV 62). The changes imposed upon this wall’s three separate scenes are here identified and analysed, and the conclusions found to support the view that KV 62 – architecturally the sepulchre of a queen – had been both intended and employed for the burial of Nefertiti in her capacity as Akhenaten’s heir, Smenkhkare-djeserkheperu. The manner in which this tomb’s outer chambers were adapted and pressed into service for Tutankhamun’s use a decade later – leaving its original occupant in place and undisturbed – is clearly established. In a supplement to this study, George Ballard – a leading authority on the use of radar and other remote-sensing technologies in the investigation of historic buildings and structures – provides an independent review of the principal geophysical investigations carried out within and around KV 62 since 2015. Contrary to earlier assessments, Ballard is able to conclude that the data collected is both broadly consistent and essentially in line with archaeological indicators and expectations. Nicholas Reeves, BA PhD FSA, is an archaeologist and Egyptologist, Director of the Amarna Royal Tombs Project, Valley of the Kings, and a senior associate of the University of Arizona Egyptian Expedition. -
Rome & Tuscany
PISA (1) FLORENCE (2) San Gimignano Perugia Siena ASSISI (1) Orvieto ROME (3 or 4) v Pompeii v Sorrento (1) Capri 9 OR 11 DAYS What’s Included • Round-trip airfare • 7 nights (or 9 with extension) in three & four-star hotels • Full-time CHA Tour Director • Breakfast & dinner daily • On-tour transportation by private motorcoach • Guided sightseeing & walking tours • Visits shown in italics in itinerary Rome & Tuscany Day 1: Departure from the USA Day 6: Florence Your expert guide introduces 2018 TOUR PRICES you to Florence’s many Renaissance delights on Day 2: Rome Welcome to Rome where your your morning sightseeing tour. See Giotto’s Bell Oct 1- Feb 1- Mar 18- May 16- CHA Tour Director is waiting to escort you to Jan 31 Mar 17 May 15 Sept 30 Tower, the Baptistry’s “Gates of Paradise,” the your hotel. Later, get better acquainted with New York 2389 2539 2929 3099 Piazza della Signoria, and the Church of Santa Italy’s historic capital on a Walking Tour. Boston 2439 2599 2989 3159 Croce where Machiavelli and Galileo are buried. Philadelphia 2489 2639 3019 3189 Syracuse/Buffalo 2579 2729 3099 3279 Day 3: Rome-(Catacombs) On this morn - Enjoy visits to the Gothic-style Duomo with Pittsburgh 2509 2659 3029 3199 ing’s guided sightseeing tour, explore Vatican its remarkable dome by Brunelleschi, and the Washington/Baltimo r e 2509 2659 3029 3199 Galleria dell’Accademia where Michelangelo’s Norfolk 2569 2719 3089 3249 City, the center of Roman Catholicism, with Richmond/Roanoke 2609 2759 3129 3299 visits to St. -
Travel with No Regrets
TRAVEL WITH NO REGRETS EUROPE 2018 / 19 AUTUMN, WINTER, SPRING 3 WELCOME TO CONTIKI You’re about to head out on the adventure of a lifetime & experience the way we travel. We can’t wait to show you Europe, the Contiki way! Like you, we’re a bunch of passionate travellers, so we know all the top tips that you need to know before & during your trip. We’ve put together this handy (& exclusive!) Traveller’s Guide to set you out right. Before you go… From the big stuff, like where does my trip start & what should I pack, to the smaller stuff, like where’s the best place to find free WiFi on your trip – it’s all here in our handy guide. When you’re on the road… We’ve packed in a heap of awesome things to do in almost all the cities we visit. It’s the stuff the locals love – from the best places to shop, where to try some authentic local food or just chill. Getting Social... We all know there’s nothing better than posting pics from where you’d rather be to your friends & family back home. So make sure to use your trip hashtag, #contiki & #NOREGRETS so everyone can follow your epic story! Keep this in your pocket or take the sharing is caring approach & pass it on to a friend when you’re done. Let the adventure begin Love, Team Contiki 4 YOU ONLY GET TO LIVE IT ONCE Way back in ‘62 one guy had a dream: to show young travellers the world and change their lives in doing so. -
Gonzaga-In-Florence Weekend Travel Offerings 2007-2008
Gonzaga-in-Florence Weekend Travel Offerings 2007-2008 Fall Travel Schedule: OPENING TOUR: Berlin, Krakow, Prague Arrival in Berlin: Sept. 8, Sat. Arrival in Florence: Monday, Sept. 17. Tuesday, Sept. 18 – Classes begin. Friday, Sept. 21 – Orientation. 1) September 21 - 23: Time to explore Florence 2) Friday, September 28 - 30: The Isle of Elba Elba is a great community building weekend on one of Italy’s most beautiful islands in the Mediterranean Sea. Once we arrive on the island, you will have the opportunity to hike up Mt. Capanne, swim in the Tyrrhenian Sea or spend time on the beach with new friends. Costs € 130 include R/T bus transport, ferry to/from Elba, 2 nights in hotel (incl. breakfast). 3) Thursday, October 4 – 7: Cinque Terre Join us for a walking and hiking weekend along the trail that connects the five cities of the Cinque Terre. We will be walking on rocky trails, through vineyards, olive groves and orchards of wonderful smelling lemon trees. You will be amazed at the outstanding views from the cliffs along the coast. There will also be opportunities along the way to swim in the Ligurian Sea. Costs € 140 include bus transportation to the Cinque Terre, 3 nights in hotel (incl. breakfast), 1 dinner, entrance fee to the Cinque-Terre-trail. Students have to pay for their train back to Florence (€ 8 – 14, depends on which train they take). 4) Thursday, October 11 - 14: Sorrento, Amalfi Coast, Capri and Pompeii This trip to Southern Italy is one you will remember for the rest of your life. -
Tuscany & Umbria
WALKING & HIKING TUSCANY & UMBRIA PREMIERE INNS Tuscany must be experienced up close. Taste the Brunello. See the bread toasted in a stone fireplace, glistening with freshly pressed olive oil. Stroll through vineyards and hilltop towns. Let your eyes linger on ancient villas. Imagine the possibilities. There is no better— or closer—way to experience Tuscany. 17WTSIR1i 1/4/2017 NEVER SUBCONTRACTED We operate our own trips around the globe. That way we control the quality—and we're fully responsible for your great experience. TWO SUPPORT VANS We provide two support vans on all of our trips* so you can count on One of the very best trips my wife and I us to be there when you need us, regardless of the route you take. have ever taken. I would highly recommend it to anyone who wants to THREE LEADERS see the Tuscany region in a wonderful Our trips have three leaders*, for an average 6:1 guest-to-leader ratio. active way. Guests consistently score our leaders 9.7 out of 10, telling us they make William Miller ‐ Fort Collins, CO all the difference. Click HERE to read more guest reviews THOUGHTFUL TRIP DESIGN We know how to create exceptional travel experiences, ensuring that you get the most from your trip as it unfolds. MULTIPLE DAILY ROUTES Being able to choose among several expertly designed routes each day gives you the freedom to enjoy the best of a region at your own pace. WE CELEBRATE MIXED ABILITIES To accommodate varied activity levels, you need three leaders, two vans, multiple route options, detailed directions, a rating system showing if shuttles are required, and plenty of well-matched riding/hiking companions. -
Italian Privileges and Trade in Byzantium Before the Fourth Crusade
Anuario de Estudios Medievales , vol. 24 (1994) IT ALIAN PRIVILEGES ANO TRADE IN BYZANTIUM BEFORE THE FOURTH CRUSADE: A RECONSIDERATION DAVID JACOBY 1he Hebrew University, Jerusalem (Israel) Between 1082 and 1192 several Byzantine emperors conferred extensive privileges on the three main Italian maritime powers, Venice, 1 Pisa and Genoa • The charters they issued contained sorne provisions in favor of these city-states as collective bodies and others bearing on the latter's citizens as individuals and directly affectingtheir economicactivity. These charters have been repeatedly examined. Nevertheless, a new reading of their commercial and fiscal provisions in a contemporary context and in a comparative framework is warranted. It reveals sorne misunderstood or overlooked aspects of their content, suggests novel interpretations, and sheds light on sorne of their effects on trade, shipping and the Italian settle 2 ment pattern in the Empire before the Fourth Crusade • The firstpart of our examination is devoted to thenature and extent of the commercial and fiscal concessions made by the Empire to the Italian 3 maritime powers. Venice was the first to benefit from them • In 1082 Ale- 11 have recently dealt elsewhcre with thc chrysobull of 992 in favor of Vcnice. See the emendations of ita text and the detailed discussion in my review of Marco POZZA e Giorgio RAVEONANI (cds.), l trattati con Bisanzio, 992-1198 (Pacta vencta, 4 ), Venezia, 1993, publishcd in «Meditcrrancan Historical Rcvicw», IX (1994), pp. 140•142. 2The preaent study is limited to these topics and doca not aim at a comprchcnsivc treatment of the privileges, nor of their ovcrall 1mpact. -
Bocche Inutili: Incorporating Pisa in the Florentine Imaginary Cristelle L
Early Modern Women: An Interdiciplinary Journal 2006, vol. 1 Bocche Inutili: Incorporating Pisa in the Florentine Imaginary Cristelle L. Baskins wo pictures, today in Dublin at the National Gallery of Ireland, Tserved originally as the front panels of a pair of fifteenth-century Florentine cassoni, or wedding chests, made as containers for the dowry goods of brides.1 These panels represent the Conquest of Pisa in 1406 (figures 1 and 2) and the Battle of Anghiari that took place in 1440 (figure 3). No documentation has yet come to light to inform us about the artist or artists responsible for these pictures or the commission to paint them. The style of the panels suggests a date circa 1460. The subject matter and the heraldry represented point to the Capponi family as likely patrons.2 The Conquest of Pisa features a foreground frieze of soldiers on horseback and on foot, with the tents of their encampment visible along the bottom perimeter of the panel. The city of Florence is seen at the upper left, identified by civic monuments including the Duomo and the tower of the Palazzo della Signoria. Opposite Florence we find a large cityscape of Pisa, including its most famous landmark, the Leaning Tower. The Conquest of Pisa represents the climactic entry of Florentine troops through the gate of S. Marco and the replacement of the Pisan standard with the lily of Florence. Located precisely in the middle ground of the composition, just outside the walls of the conquered city, almost lost amid the chaos of battle, are two groups of women and children, the “useless mouths” (bocche inutili).