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Studies on Roadside Soil Inhabiting Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Kolkata with Reference to the Effects of Lead Emitted Through Automobile Exhaust

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Studies on Roadside Soil Inhabiting Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Kolkata with Reference to the Effects of Lead Emitted Through Automobile Exhaust OCCASIONAL PAPER No. 257 Studies on roadside soil inhabiting ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Kolkata with reference to the effects of lead emitted through automobile exhaust SOUMYENDRA NATH GHOSH ACHINTYA CHATTOPADHYAY DILIP KR. BHATTACHARYYA . ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA OCCASIONAL PAPER No. 257 RECORDS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA Studies on roadside soil inhabiting ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Kolkata with reference to the effects of lead emitted through automobile exhaust SOUMYENDRA NATH GHOSH ACHINTYA CHATTOPADHYAY AND DILIP KR. BHATTACHAR¥YA Zoological Survey of India, M. Block, New Alipore~ Kolkata-700 053 Edited by the Director, Zoological Survey of india, Kolkata Zoological Survey of India Kolkata CITATION Ghosh, Soumyendra Nath, Chattopadhyay, Achintya, and Bhattacharyya, Dilip Kr. 2007. Studies on roadside soil inhabiting ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Kolkata with reference to the effects of lead emitted through automobile exhaust. Ree. zool. Surv. India, Oec. Paper No. 257 : 1-149. Published : January, 2007 ISBN 81-8171-132-7 © Govt. of India, 2007 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED • No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. • This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade, be lent, resold, hired out or otherwise disposed of without the publisher's consent, in any form of binding or cover other than that in which, it is published. • The correct price of this publication is the price printed on this page. Any revised price indicated by a rubber stamp or by a sticker or by any other means is incorrect and should be unacceptable. PRICE Indian Rs. 350.00 Foreign $ 38 £ 25 Published at the Publication Division, by the Director, Zoological Survey of India, 234/4 AJ.C. Bose Road, 2nd MSO Building, Nizam Palace (13th floor), Kolkata - 700 020 and printed at Krishna Printing Works, Kolkata - 700 006. RECORDS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA OCCASIONAL PAPER No. 257 2007 Pages 1-149 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................................... 4 A. On General Edaphic Factors ......................................................................................... 4 B. On Soil Pollution ........................................................................................................... 5 MATERIALS AND METHODS .......................................................................................... 10 A. Sites of Sampling ........................................................................................................ 10 B. Method of Sampling ................................................................................................... 10 C. Extraction of Samples.. .... ..................... ............................... ... ......... ........ ................... 12 D. Analysis of Abiotic Factors ....................................................................................... 12 OBSERVATIONS ................................................................................................................... 16 A. Systematic Account ................................................................................................. ... 17 Subfamily DORYLINAE ........................................................................................ 17 Genus Dory/us Fabricius ................................................................................. ..... 17 1. Dory/us orientalis Westwood, 1835 .................................................................. ... 17 Subfamily PONERINAE ....................................................................................... 18 Genus Amblyopone Erichson ... .............. ... .................. ........... .............. ... ............. I 8 2. Amh/yopone rOlhneyi Forel, 1900 ........................................................................ 18 Genus Anochetus Mayr ............ ...................................................................... ... ... 19 3. Anochelus graeffei Mayr, 1870 ........................................................ ..... ...... ......... 19 Genus Diacamma Mayr ............................................... , ........................................ 20 4. Diacamma rugosum (Le Guillou, 1842) .............................................................. 20 Genus Hypoponera Santschi ..... ..... ....... ... .......................... .... .............................. 2 1 5. Hypoponera truncala (Smith, 1860) .•......•.........•..•.............................................. 21 iv Genus Pachycondyla Smith .................................................................................. 22 6. Pachycondyla rujipes (Jerdon, 185]) ................................................................... 22 Subfamily CERAPACHYINAE ............................................................................ 22 Genus Cerapachys Smith ...................................................................................... 23 7. Cerapachys typhlus (Roger, 1861) ....................................................................... 23 Subfamily DOLICHODERINAE .......................................................................... 23 Genus Tapinoma Foerster ..................................................................................... 24 8. Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius, 1793) ..................................................... 24 Genus Technomyrmex Mayr ................................................................................ 24 9. Technomyrmex albipes (Smith, 1861) .................................................................. 24 Subfamily FORMICINAE ..................................................................................... 25 Genus Camponotus Mayr ..................................................................................... 25 ] O. Componotus compress us (Fabricius, 1787) .......................................................... 25 Genus Paratrechina Motschoulsky ...................................................................... 26 ] ]. Paratrechina /ongicornis (Latreille, ] 802) .......................................................... 26 Genus Plagioiepis Mayr ........................................................................................ 27 12. Plagio/epis ;erdonii Forel, 1894 ........................................................................... 27 Genus PoJyrhachis Smith ..................................................................................... 28 13. Po/yrhachis tubericeps Fore), 1893 ...................................................................... 28 Subfamily PSEUDOMYRMECINAE .................................................................. 28 Genus Tetraponera Smith ..................................................................................... ~9 14. Tetraponera allaborans (Walker, 1859) ............................................................... 29 Subfami Iy MYRMICINAE ................................................................................... 29 Genus CardiocondyJa Emery ................................................................................ 30 15. Cardiocondyla nuda (Mayr, 1866) ....................................................................... 30 Genus Carebara Westwood .................................................................................. 31 16. Carebara lignata Westwood, 1840 ....................................................................... 3] Genus Crematoga~'1er Lund .................................................................................. 32 17. Crematogaster rothneyi Mayr, 1879 ................................................................... 32 Genus Lophomyrmex Emery ................................................................................ 32 18. Lophomyrmex quadrispinosus (Jerdon, 1851) ..................................................... 32 Genus Meranoplus Smith ..................................................................................... 33 19. Meranoplus hieolor (Guer., 1844) ........................................................................ 33 v Genus Messor Forel .............................................................................................. 34 20. Messor barbarus (Linnaeus, 1767) ...................................................................... 34 Genlls Monomorium Mayr ................................................................................... 35 21. Monomorium floricola (Jerdon, 1851) ................................................................. 35 Genus Oligomyrmex Mayr ................................................................................... 36 22. Oligomyrmex asinus Forel, 1902 .......................................................................... 36 Genus Pheidole Westwood ................................................................................... 37 ..23. Pheidole robert; Forel, 1902 ................................................................................ 37 Genus Pheidologeton Mayr .................................................................................. 38 24. Pheidologeton diversus (Jerdon, 1851) ...............................................................
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