DOCSLIB.ORG

Evidence of an Marine Isotope Stage 3 Transgression at the Baixada

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Evidence of an Marine Isotope Stage 3 Transgression at the Baixada DOI: 10.1590/2317-4889201720170057 ARTICLE Evidence of an Marine Isotope Stage 3 transgression at the Baixada Santista, south-eastern Brazilian coast Evidência de uma transgressão na Baixada Santista durante o Estágio Isotópico 3 André da Silva Salvaterra1, Rosangela Felício dos Santos1, Alexandre Barbosa Salaroli1, Rubens Cesar Lopes Figueira1, Michel Michaelovitch de Mahiques1,2* ABSTRACT: In this paper, we present new evidence regarding a RESUMO: Neste artigo, apresentamos novas evidências sobre a trans- Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) transgression on the south-eastern gressão ocorrida Estágio Isotópico 3 (MIS3) na costa do sudeste do Brasil Brazilian coast (Baixada Santista coastal plain). Data collected from (Baixada Santista). Dados coletados por meio de um ensaio de pene- a Standard Penetration Test (SPT) drilling reveal the occurrence of tração em solo (SPT) revelam a ocorrência de sedimentos mixohalinos myxohaline sediments between cal BP 45,000 and 41,000. A de- entre 45.000 e 41.000 anos a.P. Uma sequência mais profunda, que eper sequence, which shows a clear transition from terrestrial to a mostra clara transição de ambiente continental para um mixohalino, foi myxohaline environment, was associated with MIS5e. Organic and associada ao Estágio Isotópico 5e (MIS5e). Marcadores orgânicos e in- inorganic proxies have been used to recognize the variations on the orgânicos foram usados para reconhecer as variações dos ambientes ter- terrestrial/myxohaline/marine deposits, as well as to infer about cli- restre/mixohalino/marinho, bem como inferir sobre o clima e a energia mate and energy of the depositional environment. Environmental do ambiente deposicional. Uma mudança ambiental, que poderia cor- change, which could correspond to a sea-level peak or the occurrence responder a um pico do nível do mar ou à ocorrência de condições mais of drier conditions, was recognized between 43,000 and 42,000 cal secas, foi reconhecida entre 43.000 e 42.000 anos a.P. Os resultados re- BP. The results reinforce the need for future works on MIS3 variabi- forçam a necessidade de futuros trabalhos sobre a variabilidade do MIS3 lity on the South American Atlantic coast. na costa atlântica sul-americana. KEYWORDS: Marine Isotope Stage 3; Late Pleistocene; sea-level. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: MIS3; Pleistoceno superior; nível do mar. 1Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo (SP), Brazil. E-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Instituto de Energia e Meio Ambiente, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo (SP), Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author Manuscript ID: 20170057. Received in: 04/19/2017. Approved in: 09/01/2017. 693 Brazilian Journal of Geology, 47(4): 693-702, December 2017 MIS3 Transgression, SE Brazil INTRODUCTION Brazilian coast might need to be reviewed due to the possi- ble occurrence of an MIS3 highstand. The Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) corresponds to the In this paper we analyze a new set of sedimentolog- time interval between 60 and 25 ka (Siddall et al. 2008) and ical and geochemical data, coming from a drilling per- is marked by a series of abrupt oscillations, corresponding formed in the Baixada Santista coastal plain (southeast to in the form of warming periods (Chappell 2002, Van Brazil), with evidence of two transgressive events, one Meerbeeck et al. 2009). Estimates based on δ18O chronol- of them with evidence of an MIS3 transgression. Data ogies and U/Th dating of coral reefs indicate that during will be compared with other evidence of an MIS3 sea- this time interval sea level oscillated between 80 and 30 m level rise, reported in the SW Atlantic as well as in other below present sea level (mbsl) (Chappell & Shackleton 1986, coastal areas. Lambeck and Bard 2000, Chappell 2002, Pahnke et al. 2003, Rabineau et al. 2006). Short-term oscillations in time inter- vals between 6,000–7,000 years followed by 10–15 m sea- STUDY AREA level rise events, corresponding to Heinrich events, occurred in this time interval (Chappell 2002). The study site (Fig. 1) is located in the so-called Baixada On the other side, there are several papers that report Santista coastal plain, an area covered by Late Pleistocene the occurrence of MIS3 highstands at levels considerably / Holocene coastal and marine muddy to sandy deposits, shallower than those ones reported by the traditional sea originally associated with two main transgressive events: level curves (Cann et al. 1993, Murray-Wallace et al. 1993, Cananeia (MIS 5e) and Santos (Mid-Holocene) (Suguio Rodriguez et al. 2000, Murray-Wallace 2002, Hanebuth & Martin 1978b). et al. 2006, Simms et al. 2009, Doğan et al. 2012). Towards the continent the coastal plain is limited by the In South America, other examples of MIS3 highstands Serra do Mar mountain range, exhibiting a width, variable have been described both in the Atlantic and Pacific coasts from a few to almost 20 km. The Quaternary sediments are (Isla 1990, Isla & Schnack 2016), but part of these data locally interrupted by Pre-Cambrian massifs, forming groups have been disproved by Schellmann and Radtke (1997), of hills that are aligned according to SW-NE (Almeida & who compared radiocarbon data with Electron Spin Carneiro 1998). Resonance (ESR) information. In the Brazilian coast, According to Suguio and Martin (1978a), the Cananeia Silva et al. (2014) recognized a lagoonal environment, Transgression is associated with a sea level rise that reached dated from 47,000 to 36,000 BP, in the Maricá coastal about 8 m above present sea level (mapsl), while the Santos plain (state of Rio de Janeiro). Transgression reached 4.5 mapsl. Aspects of the evolution Additionally, a complete set of coherent (no age rever- of the deposits were studied by Suguio and Martin (1978a) sal) radiocarbon ages in both organic matter and foramin- and Coelho et al. (2010). Angulo et al. (2006) reviewed the ifera, ranging from 39,000 to about 24,000 BP, marks the Mid- to Late Holocene sea-level changes and defined an transition of myxohaline to freshwater conditions in a shal- envelope in which the maximum sea-level of 5.6 cal yr BP low-water (6 mbsl) deposit in the São Sebastião Channel ranged from 2 to about 4 mapsl. (state of São Paulo) (Mahiques et al. 2011). Other unpub- On the other hand, there is almost no information lished (thesis) data, from the Paraná state, also report MIS3 about the position of the sea-level of the eastern to south- high levels in the shelf and adjacent coastal plain (Souza ern Brazilian between the climatic optimum of the MIS5e 2005, Veiga 2005). and the early Holocene. Corrêa (1996) proposed a sea- The main criticism of the papers dealing with MIS3 high- level curve between the Last Glacial Maximum and the stands is associated with the limitations of the radiocarbon early Holocene, based on the position of abrasion terraces as a geochronological tool. Indeed, a significant part of the on the southern Brazilian continental shelf and comparing MIS3 interval cannot be dated with confidence beyond cal them with global sea-level curves. Vicalvi et al. (1978) rec- BP 45,000, and contamination of older materials with young ognized a paleo-lagoon at the Abrolhos Depression (Eastern carbon can result in apparent MIS3 ages (Murray-Wallace Brazilian shelf), dating them at 10,600 yr BP (uncalibrated). et al. 1993, Yim 1999, Hanebuth et al. 2006). On the other Finally, Mahiques et al. (2011), presented four datings on hand, the introduction of the Accelerator Mass Spectrometry different material from a beach-rock located at 13 mbsl São (AMS) technique to radiocarbon dating (Dorn et al. 1989) Sebastião (southeastern Brazil), which gave calibrated ages brought another perspective to the original chronology lim- around 8,200 yr BP. itation of cal BP 30,000 years. Thus, it is possible that sev- Suguio and Martin (1978a) provided an interpreta- eral Pleistocene samples dated in the original studies of the tive profile of sedimentary deposits in the area (Fig. 2), 694 Brazilian Journal of Geology, 47(4): 693-702, December 2017 André da Silva Salvaterra et al. recognizing continental sediments, marine and sand dunes 23º57.2512’S and 46º24.6018’W, at the altitude of 8 mbsl of Late Pleistocene age, transitional sediments and Holocene (Fig. 1). From the SPT drilling, a cylinder of 15 cm was lagoonal deposits, in addition to modern alluvium deposits recovered at each 1 meter. Samples were then air-dried and located at the base of the Serra do Mar range. kept in polyethylene vials until laboratory analysis. The lower terrains lead to the establishment of a com- Radiocarbon dating was performed on the organic fraction plex of estuarine channels, bordered by mangrove vegeta- of sediment samples by the Accelerator Mass Spectrometry tion. On the other side, the sandy deposits and a significant (AMS) at Beta Analytic Laboratories (Miami, United States). part of the hills are presently occupied by urban, industrial Calibrated ages have been calculated according to the SH13 and port infrastructure, which makes the Baixada Santista Southern Hemisphere Calibration (Hogg et al. 2016). one of the most developed areas of Brazil. Grain size was performed in a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 laser diffraction system. Approximately 4 g of dry sediment were leached with H2O2 until the complete removal of the organic METHODS matter. Finally, 20 mL of a solution of 25% sodium hexamet- aphosphate was added as a dispersant. Results were obtained In this paper, we analyzed a 58.45 m long Standard in intervals of 1/4φ, and statistical parameters were calculated Penetration Test (SPT) drilling, located at the coordinates with the aid of the Gradistat macro (Blott & Pye 2001). -23 -23.2 -23.4 1,300 1,200 -23.6 1,100 1,000 -23.8 900 800 700 -24 600 Meters 500 400 -24.2 300 200 100 -24.4 0 -100 -24.6 -200 -24.8 -25 -47.4 -47.2 -47 -46.8 -46.6 -46.4 -46.2 -46 -45.8 -45.6 Figure 1.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Case Study the Belgian Coast
    Case Study The Belgian coast WP 2.5 Willekens Marian Maes Frank 1 Contents Introduction - Belgian Coast ....................................................................... 5 Expert Couplet Node (members) ............................................................. 7 Case study aims ....................................................................................... 8 Case study objectives .............................................................................. 8 Learning outcomes .................................................................................. 8 Key Themes ............................................................................................. 9 1. Belgian coastline historical context ...................................................... 10 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................... 10 1.2 historical context ............................................................................. 10 1.3 Conclusion ....................................................................................... 18 1.4 Glossary ........................................................................................... 18 1.5 information sources ........................................................................ 21 1.6 References ...................................................................................... 22 1.7 Further Reading ............................................................................... 22 1.8 End-of-section questions on historical
    [Show full text]
  • Bathymetry and Active Geological Structures in the Upper Gulf of California Luis G
    BOLETÍN DE LA SOCIEDAD GEOLÓ G ICA MEXICANA VOLU M EN 61, NÚ M . 1, 2009 P. 129-141 Bathymetry and active geological structures in the Upper Gulf of California Luis G. Alvarez1*, Francisco Suárez-Vidal2, Ramón Mendoza-Borunda2, Mario González-Escobar3 1 Departamento de Oceanografía Física, División de Oceanología. 2 Departamento de Geología, División de Ciencias de la Tierra. 3 Departamento de Geofísica Aplicada, División de Ciencias de la Tierra. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, B.C. Km 107 carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, México, 22860. * Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Bathymetric surveys made between 1994 and 1998 in the Upper Gulf of California revealed that the bottom relief is dominated by narrow, up to 50 km long, tidal ridges and intervening troughs. These sedimentary linear features are oriented NW-SE, and run across the shallow shelf to the edge of Wagner Basin. Shallow tidal ridges near the Colorado River mouth are proposed to be active, while segments in deeper water are considered as either moribund or in burial stage. Superposition of seismic swarm epicenters and a seismic reflection section on bathymetric features indicate that two major ridge-troughs structures may be related to tectonic activity in the region. Off the Sonora coast the alignment and gradient of the isobaths matches the extension of the Cerro Prieto Fault into the Gulf. A similar gradient can be seen over the west margin of the Wagner Basin, where in 1970 a seismic swarm took place (Thatcher and Brune, 1971) overlapping with a prominent ridge-trough structure in the middle of the Upper Gulf.
    [Show full text]
  • Managing the Anthropocene Marine Transgression to the Year 2100 and Beyond in the State of Florida U.S.A
    Climatic Change (2015) 128:85–98 DOI 10.1007/s10584-014-1301-2 Managing the Anthropocene marine transgression to the year 2100 and beyond in the State of Florida U.S.A. Randall W. Parkinson & Peter W. Harlem & John F. Meeder Received: 21 February 2014 /Accepted: 25 November 2014 /Published online: 10 December 2014 # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014 Abstract We simulate the vulnerability of all 35 Florida coastal counties to the ongoing Anthropocene marine transgression using a bathtub model unconstrained by the artificial end date of year 2100. Our projections are based upon the association between rising sea level and atmospheric temperature; a 2.3 m rise per each 1 °C increase (Levermann et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci 10.1073/pnas.1219414110, 2013). Results are organized into seven regions based upon an assessment of hypsographic and geologic attributes. Each represents an area of common vulnerability characterized in this study as high (10 to 29 % average land loss), higher (15 to 77 % average land loss), and highest (43 to 95 % average land loss). This regional approach is designed to facilitate the implementation of effective adaptation activities by providing a logical basis for establishing or re-enforcing collaboration based upon a common threat and the utility of shared technical and financial resources. The benefits of a regional perspective in formulating an actionable response to climate change have already been demonstrated in south Florida. It is our intent to facilitate regional adaptation activities in other parts of the state and adjacent southern and southeastern seaboard. 1 Introduction The State of Florida is especially vulnerable to climate change and concomitant sea level rise.
    [Show full text]
  • Continental Shelf Morphology and Stratigraphy Offshore San Onofre, California: the Interplay Between Rates of Eustatic Change and Sediment Supply
    Marine Geology 369 (2015) 116–126 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Marine Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/margeo Continental shelf morphology and stratigraphy offshore San Onofre, California: The interplay between rates of eustatic change and sediment supply Shannon Klotsko a,⁎, Neal Driscoll a,GrahamKentb, Daniel Brothers c a Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States b Nevada Seismological Laboratory, University of Nevada, Reno, Laxalt Mineral Engineering Building, Room 322, Reno, NV 89557, United States c U.S. Geological Survey, 400 Natural Bridges Drive, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States article info abstract Article history: New high-resolution CHIRP seismic data acquired offshore San Onofre, southern California reveal that shelf Received 31 January 2015 sediment distribution and thickness are primarily controlled by eustatic sea level rise and sediment supply. Received in revised form 18 July 2015 Throughout the majority of the study region, a prominent abrasion platform and associated shoreline cutoff Accepted 1 August 2015 are observed in the subsurface from ~72 to 53 m below present sea level. These erosional features appear to Available online 5 August 2015 have formed between Melt Water Pulse 1A and Melt Water Pulse 1B, when the rate of sea-level rise was lower. There are three distinct sedimentary units mapped above a regional angular unconformity interpreted Keywords: San Onofre to be the Holocene transgressive surface in the seismic data. Unit I, the deepest unit, is interpreted as a lag deposit Continental margin processes that infills a topographic low associated with an abrasion platform.
    [Show full text]
  • Pliocene Marine Transgressions of Northern Alaska: Circumarctic
    ARCTIC VOL. 45, NO. 1 (MARCH 1992) P. 74-89 Pliocene Marine Transgressionsof Northern Alaska: Circumarctic Correlationsand Paleoclimatic Interpretations’ J. BRIGHAM-GREITE* and L.D. CARTER3 (Received 5 July 1990; accepted in revised form 22 May 1991) ABSTRACT. At least three marine transgressions of Pliocene age are recorded by littoral to inner-shelf sediments of the Gubik Formation, which mantles the Arctic Coastal Plainof northern Alaska. The three recognized transgressions wereeustatic high sea levels that, from oldest to youngest, are informally named the Colvillian, Bigbendian, and Fishcreekian transgressions. The geochronology is based upon amino acid geochemistry, paleo- magnetic studies, vertebrate and invertebrate paleontology, and strontium isotope age estimates. Pollen, plant macrofossils, and marine vertebrate and invertebrate remains indicate that these trangressions occurred when the Arctic was at least intermittently much warmer than it is now. The Colvillian transgression took place at sometime between2.48 and 2.7 Ma, when adjacent coastal areas supported an open boreal forestor spruce-birch wood- land with scattered pine and rarefir and hemlock. The Bigbendian transgression occurred about 2.48 Ma. Climaticconditions were probably slightly cooler than during the Colvillian transgression, but probably toowarm for permafrost and too warm for even seasonal seaice in the region. Nearby vegetation was open spruce-birch woodland or parkland, possibly with rare scattered pine. The Fishcreekian transgression took place sometime between 2.14 and 2.48 Ma and was also characterized by warm marine conditions without sea ice. During the waning stages of this transgression, however, terrestrialconditions were relatively cool, and coastal vegetation was herbaceous tundra with scattered larch trees in the vicinity.
    [Show full text]
  • Beach Forms Induced by Coastal Structures Forming Embayments in Fetch-Limited Environments
    W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1990 Beach Forms Induced by Coastal Structures Forming Embayments in Fetch-Limited Environments Jian Hua Li College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Ocean Engineering Commons, and the Oceanography Commons Recommended Citation Li, Jian Hua, "Beach Forms Induced by Coastal Structures Forming Embayments in Fetch-Limited Environments" (1990). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539617617. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.25773/v5-ys6f-4f09 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BEACH FORMS INDUCED BY COASTAL STRUCTURES FORMING EMBAYMENTS IN FETCH-LIMITED ENVIRONMENTS A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the School of Marine Science The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Jian Hua Li August,1990 f LIBRARY \ / of the i VIRGINIA INSTITUTE \ of \ m m m scie n c e / APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of arts in Marine Science Jian Hua Li Approved, August 199 0 ^ * p L. Donelson Wright, Ph.D. Committee Chairman/Advisor Robert J . Byrne U Ph.D . Diazober •h.D. Evon P. Ruzecki, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Transgressive Systems Tract of a Ria-Type Estuary: the Late Holocene Vilaine River Drowned Valley (France)
    Marine Geology 337 (2013) 140–155 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Marine Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/margeo Transgressive systems tract of a ria-type estuary: The Late Holocene Vilaine River drowned valley (France) C. Traini a,⁎, D. Menier a,b, J.-N. Proust c, P. Sorrel d a Geoarchitecture EA2219, Géosciences Marine & Géomorphologie Littorale, Université de Bretagne Sud, rue Yves Mainguy, 56017 Vannes cedex, France b Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia c UMR CNRS 6118 Géosciences, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France d UMR CNRS 5276 LGL-TPE (Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Planètes, Environnements), Université Claude Bernard–Lyon 1/ENS Lyon, 27-43 bd du 11 Novembre, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France article info abstract Article history: The understanding of control parameters of estuarine-infilling at different scales in time and space is impor- Received 24 April 2012 tant for near-future projections and better management of these areas facing sea-level change. During the Received in revised form 18 February 2013 last 20 years, the stratigraphy of late Quaternary estuaries has been extensively investigated leading to the Accepted 19 February 2013 development of depositional models which describe the sedimentary facies distribution according to changes Available online 4 March 2013 in sea level, tidal range and wave activity but few of them describe in detail the influence of the estuarine Communicated by J.T. Wells geomorphology. On the Atlantic coast, recent studies provide a detailed understanding of the sedimentary infill succession of incised valleys during the late Holocene transgression with recent emphasis on the Keywords: macrotidal bay of the Vilaine River in South Brittany.
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Analogues and Depositional Models
    201 CHAPTER 6: MODERN ANALOGUES AND DEPOSITIONAL MODELS 202 6.1 Introduction Sequence stratigraphic position plays an important role in peat formation and coal seam thickness, extent, and distribution. Peat-forming environments and depositional environments of surrounding and adjacent strata may also affect coal characteristics by simultaneously influencing coal continuity, thickness, geometry, distribution, and quality (Flores, 1993). This chapter will discuss relationships between coal properties and the depositional environments of peat and surrounding strata. Depositional interpretations of coal-bearing facies successions together with comparisons to modern depositional analogues is the basis for the creation of depositional models for Desmoinesian coals across the Bourbon arch. To enhance coalbed methane exploration and production strategies, Flores (1993) emphasized the importance of understanding the heterogeneities of properties such as coal thickness, extent, geometry, and distribution, as well as the properties of surrounding sediments and their depositional environments. Creating depositional models of significant coal-bearing intervals can improve understanding of Desmoinesian coals in eastern Kansas. Depositional models are summaries of sedimentary environments or systems, which can be used for comparison to other environments or systems. Depositional models provide a guide for future observations, evaluate the validity of existing concepts, and can be used as a tool for prediction of geologic situations with incomplete data
    [Show full text]
  • Macro-Invertebrate Assemblages of Central Texas Coastal Bays and Lacuna Madre^ Robert H
    BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGISTS VOL. 43. NO. 9 (SEPTEMBER, 1959), PP. 2100-2166, 32 FIGS.. 6 PLS. MACRO-INVERTEBRATE ASSEMBLAGES OF CENTRAL TEXAS COASTAL BAYS AND LACUNA MADRE^ ROBERT H. PARKER* La Jolla, California ABSTRACT A study of the distribution of macrofauna and the ecological factors affecting their distribution in the bays and lagoons of the central and south Texas coast has made it possible to formulate a series of criteria for interpreting modem and ancient depositional environments. The observations reported in this paper cover a 7-year period. In addition, some information was available covering a period of 30 years. The central Texas bays are situated in a variable chmate, and the faunas reflect long-term changes in rainfall and temperature. Four major environments are recognized on the basis of macro-invertebrate assemblages: (1) river-influenced low-saUnity bays and estuaries characterized by Rangia and amnicolids; (2) enclosed bays, dominated by oyster reefs composed of Crassostrea virginica; (3) open bays and sounds charac­ terized by Tagelas divisus, Ckione cancdlata, and Macoma constricla; and (4) bay and lagoon regions strongly influenced by inlets characterized by a mixed Gulf and bay fauna. Smaller "sub-facies" needing more information for recognition are: (1) bay margins, (2) oyster reefs exhibiting marine influence, (3) bay centers, and (4) shallow grassy bays in the vicinity of inlets. Five assemblages were recognized in Laguna Madre which are related to the physiography of the Laguna
    [Show full text]
  • Late Pleistocene to Holocene Marine Transgression and Thermohaline Control on Sediment Transport in the Western Magellanes Fjord System of Chile (531S)
    ARTICLE IN PRESS Quaternary International 161 (2007) 90–107 Late Pleistocene to Holocene marine transgression and thermohaline control on sediment transport in the western Magellanes fjord system of Chile (531S) Rolf Kiliana,Ã, Oscar Baezaa, Tatjana Steinkea, Marcelo Arevalob, Carlos Riosb, Christoph Schneiderc aDepartment of Geology, FBVI, University of Trier, Behringstr., D-54296 Trier, Germany bInstituto de la Patagonia, University of Magellanes, Casilla 113, Punta Arenas, Chile cDepartment of Geography, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, D-52056 Aachen, Germany Available online 15 December 2006 Abstract In the Western Strait of Magellan in southernmost Chile marine transgression occurred between 14,500 and 13,500 cal. BP. This is indicated by strongly increased accumulation of biogenic carbonate and first appearance of foraminifers in sediment records. From that time until 11,500 cal. BP, sedimentation in the western fjords became predominant autochthonous, due to higher salinity and clay flocculation, and Late Glacial glacier retreat. Present day thermohaline zonation pattern, extensively representative for the Holocene, and sedimentation rates indicate that westerlies hampered westward outflow of superficial (0–30 m water depth) glacial clay-rich freshwater from glaciated areas. During the Holocene, isostatic uplift of the Andes overcompensated sea level rise. In areas with high Glacial glacier loading this led to shallowing fjord sills and restricted exchange with marine water, especially since high freshwater inflow produced strong pycnoclines and preserved old saline water in fjord bottoms. To the east of the climate divide the Seno Skyring fjord system shows a year-round stable stratification, despite a strong wind-induced eastward superficial current in the upper 30–50 m of the water column.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Marine Transgression and Regression on Land Use Changes Through Multitemporal Remote Sensing Imageries
    Science Arena Publications Specialty Journal of Architecture and Construction ISSN: 2412-740X Available online at www.sciarena.com 2019, Vol, 5 (2): 49-71 The Effect of Marine Transgression and Regression on Land Use Changes through Multitemporal Remote Sensing Imageries Majid Taghipour, Mehran Dizbadi* M.Sc. of Civil Engineering - Remote Sensing Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Shahroud, Iran. *Corresponding Author Abstract: The appearance of coastal lands-use is constantly changing due to the transgression and regression of water bodies. This changing of coastal land-uses poses the necessity to continuous monitoring of them within certain temporal ranges to appropriately control the coastal resources. In this study the effect of transgression and regression of Gorgan gulf on the change of land-use was modeled and assessed using remotely sensed multitemporal imageries. To this end, at first two satellite images of Landsat 5 and Sentinel 2 taken in years1992 and 2017 respectively, were received. And after some preparations and required preprocessing implementations, they were classified by the performance of maximum likelihood classifier and the land-uses were extracted from the studied extent. The values of overall accuracy and coefficient of kappa were 0.94 and 0.92 respectively that were representing the acceptable accuracy of maps for extracted land-uses. The classified imageries, topography maps and roads` network were determined as the inputs of land-use change modelers for detecting land-use changes within recent 25years.The results of the current study showed that the water bodies of Gorgan gulf has experienced a reduction about 150 km2 due to regression of water surface and this reduction has resulted in increment of coastal, fallow and bare lands area.
    [Show full text]
  • Alaskan Marine Transgressions Record Out-Of-Phase Arctic Ocean Glaciation During the Last Interglacial
    Alaskan marine transgressions record out-of-phase Arctic Ocean glaciation during the last interglacial Louise Farquharson1*, Daniel Mann2, Tammy Rittenour3, Pamela Groves4, Guido Grosse5, and Benjamin Jones6 1Geophysical Institute Permafrost Laboratory, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, USA 2Department of Geosciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, USA 3Department of Geology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, USA 4Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, USA 5Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany 6Water and Environmental Research Center, Institute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, USA ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Ongoing climate change focuses attention on the Arctic cryo- Changes in glacier extent and relative sea level (RSL) along the Beau- sphere’s responses to past and future climate states. Although it is fort Sea coast of Alaska during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 at ca. 130–71 now recognized the Arctic Ocean Basin was covered by ice sheets ka (Lisiecki and Raymo, 2005; Shakun et al., 2015) provide insights into and their associated floating ice shelves several times during the Late how the Arctic cryosphere responded to climate states different from those Pleistocene, the timing and extent of these polar ice sheets remain of the present. Peak global interglacial conditions occurred during MIS uncertain. Here we relate a relict barrier-island system on the Beau- substage 5e (ca. 123 ka) when mean annual temperatures were 4–5 °C fort Sea coast of northern Alaska to the isostatic effects of a previously higher than present across much of the Arctic (Miller et al., 2010), and unrecognized ice shelf grounded on the adjacent continental shelf.
    [Show full text]