Nordic Future of Work Conference Towards the ILO Centenary
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Nordic Future of Work Conference Towards the ILO Centenary Reykjavik 4 Nordic Conference on Future of Work Towards the ILO Centenary Björn Lindahl, Guðrún Helga Sigurðardóttir and Gunhild Wallin TemaNord 2019:551 Nordic Conference on Future of Work Towards the ILO Centenary Björn Lindahl, Guðrún Helga Sigurðardóttir and Gunhild Wallin ISBN 978-92-893-6440-9 (PDF) ISBN 978-92-893-6441-6 (EPUB) http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/10.6027/TN2019-551 TemaNord 2019:551 ISSN 0908-6692 Standard: PDF/UA-1 ISO 14289-1 © Nordic Council of Ministers 2019 This publication was funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers. However, the content does not necessarily reflect the Nordic Council of Ministers’ views, opinions, attitudes or recommendations Disclaimer This publication was funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers. However, the content does not necessarily reflect the Nordic Council of Ministers’ views, opinions, attitudes or recommendations. 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Nordic co-operation has firm traditions in politics, economics and culture and plays an important role in European and international forums. The Nordic community strives for a strong Nordic Region in a strong Europe. Nordic co-operation promotes regional interests and values in a global world. The values shared by the Nordic countries help make the region one of the most innovative and competitive in the world. The Nordic Council of Ministers Nordens Hus Ved Stranden 18 DK-1061 Copenhagen [email protected] Download and order Nordic publications from www.norden.org/nordpub Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................................. 7 1. Introduction to Day 1 ......................................................................................................... 11 1.1 “A Common Path” .................................................................................................. 11 1.2 Address .................................................................................................................. 12 1.3 Opening address ..................................................................................................... 13 1.4 The Nordic Vision on the Future of Work and The Report of The ILO Global Commission. ................................................................................................ 16 1.5 ILO 100 years towards social justice and the report from the Global Commission .... 19 2. Session I ............................................................................................................................ 25 2.1 The Future of Work: Opportunities and challenges for the Nordic models ............... 25 2.2 The Nordic Contribution to the ILO’s Centenary ...................................................... 30 3. Session II ........................................................................................................................... 41 3.1 Introductory Lectures ............................................................................................. 41 4. Introduction to Day 2......................................................................................................... 61 4.1 Is the last mile the longest? ..................................................................................... 61 5. Session III .......................................................................................................................... 63 5.1 Opening address: Gender Equality in Work and Leadership ..................................... 63 5.2 Introductory lectures ..............................................................................................66 6. Session IV .......................................................................................................................... 83 6.1 Introductory lectures .............................................................................................. 83 7. Session V ..........................................................................................................................99 7.1 Introductory lectures: .............................................................................................99 Nordic Conference on Future of Work 5 6 Nordic Conference on Future of Work Foreword It all started with a letter from Guy Ryder, Director-General, at the International Labour Organisation, ILO, back in December 2015. With the centenary for the ILO coming up in June 1919, he wrote to the governments of the organisation’s 187 member states. He wanted them to think about and discuss a few topics concerning changes in economics and working life, like job creation – including for people with weak connections to the labour market – the influence of new technology and changes in relations between employers and employees. In February 2016 he got an answer from the Nordic governments, announcing a project in coordination with the office of the Nordic Council of Ministers, the ILO and the social partners. The themes that Guy Ryder wanted the membership states to discuss would be the topics for annual conferences and a big research project: The Future of Work, which would gather researchers from all the Nordic countries on different topics. It was also said that the project would follow the chairmanship of the Nordic Council of Ministers. The first annual conference was held in Helsinki in 2016, the next one in Oslo in 2017 and the third in Stockholm in 2018. Iceland hosted the fourth conference, which concluded the Nordic conference series on the Future of Work, in Reykjavik 2019. All these conferences established that there is no doubt that labour markets are going through big and rapid changes. There have been discussions about new technologies, demographic changes, migration, gender equality and new forms of relations in the labour markets, like platform workers and new contracts. Many of the discussions at the conferences have been about how the Nordic model, with its tripartite basis, will be influenced by these changes. Will it survive and adapt? Summing up the knowledge and the atmosphere on the concluding conference the answer is yes, here illustrated by a quote by Guy Ryder at ILO: “One thing I have learned through observing and working with my Nordic friends for decades now, is that the Nordic Model is not a static model, not something invented in the 50s or 60s. It has its firm building blocks, but continues to change.” Nordic Conference on Future of Work 7 This report is from the conference “Nordic Conference on Future of work”, held in Reykjavik on 4 and 5 April 2019. It is written by some of the journalists at Arbeidsliv i Norden/Nordic Labour Journal. Björn Lindahl Guðrún Helga Sigurðardóttir Gunhild Wallin Oslo, Reykjavik, 11 June 2019 8 Nordic Conference on Future of Work DAY 1 Nordic Conference on Future of Work 9 10 Nordic Conference on Future of Work 1. Introduction to Day 1 1.1 “A Common Path” The theme of Iceland’s Presidency of the Nordic Council of Ministers has been “A Common Path”, inspired by the Old Norse poem Hávamál which says a path shared with a true friend is always easy to tread. This was also the spirit at the opening day of the “Nordic Conference on the Future of Work: Towards the ILO Centenary”. It was felt during lectures and in the general atmosphere of friendship between the ILO, the Nordic Council of Ministers and the NGOs present in Reykjavik. “The Nordic countries have been key players, and have contributed with energy, resources and hard work. But to be honest, the most important contribution has been the good examples. What you do at home has turned