Downloaded from Food Balance Sheets Available on the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database Website [23]
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Are Household Expenditures on Food Groups Associated with Children’s Future Heights in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam? 1, 2 3 4 Sarah E. Weingarten y , Kirk A. Dearden , Benjamin T. Crookston , Mary E. Penny , Jere R. Behrman 5 and Debbie L. Humphries 1,* 1 Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; sweingarten11@gmail.com 2 IMA World Health, Washington, DC 20036, USA; kdearden@imaworldhealth.org 3 Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; benjamin_crookston@byu.edu 4 Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, La Molina 15024, Peru; mpenny@iin.sld.pe 5 Departments of Economics and Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; jbehrman@econ.upenn.edu * Correspondence: debbie.humphries@yale.edu Current affiliation: CVS Health, Northbrook, IL 60062, USA. y Received: 12 May 2020; Accepted: 24 June 2020; Published: 1 July 2020 Abstract: Household expenditure surveys, routinely conducted in low—and middle-income countries (LMICs), usually include questions pertaining to recent household expenditures on key food groups. When child anthropometrics are also available, such expenditure data can provide insights into household food purchasing patterns that are associated with subsequent child growth measures. We used data from 6993 children, born around 2001, from Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam, from the Young Lives younger cohort. We compared associations between two weeks of household food expenditures (in PPP—Purchasing Power Parity adjusted dollars) on food groups and child height-for-age-Z score (HAZ) at subsequent time points to assess longitudinal associations.
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