Seattle Jobs Initiative Electric Vehicles Report
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Drive Clean THE ELECTRIC MOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRY IN OREGON AND WASHINGTON Seattle Jobs Initiative 1200 12TH AVENUE SOUTH | SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 0 Contents Contents ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 Tables ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 Figures .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................................ 2 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 3 1. The Openings for New Business that Electric Vehicle Production Can Create ........................................ 5 Good News: The Barriers to Entry Are Lower in EV-related Industries .................................................... 6 Who Could Enter the EV Field? The Supply Chain in More Detail ........................................................... 7 2. Existing and Potential Businesses in the EV-related Industries ............................................................. 10 Identifying EV-Related Firms ................................................................................................................... 10 Firms in the Region ................................................................................................................................. 11 Volume of Business in the Region .......................................................................................................... 14 3. The Current and Future Workforce in the EV-related Industries ............................................................ 16 The Occupational Infrastructure Exist: Workers in EV-related Occupations ........................................... 20 Challenges that Workforce Development Faces: Low Education Occupations Are in Decline .............. 25 Demographics of Workers Highlight the Need for Workforce Development Initiatives ........................... 27 4. Key Partners for Innovation .................................................................................................................... 34 5. Recommendations .................................................................................................................................. 39 References .................................................................................................................................................. 41 Appendix A .................................................................................................................................................. 42 Appendix B .................................................................................................................................................. 43 Appendix C .................................................................................................................................................. 68 Appendix D .................................................................................................................................................. 72 1 Tables Table 1. Components’ NAICS Code ………………………………………………………………………………9 Table 2. EV-Related Manufacturers ……………………………………………………………………………..13 Table 3. Industry Purchases and Sales in OR and WA, 2018 ………………………………………………..14 Table 4. Electric Motor Vehicle-Related Industry Purchases and Sales in OR and WA, 2018………….…15 Table 5. Predicted Change in Jobs in Electric Motor Vehicle-Related Industries, 2019-2025……………..18 Table 6. Electric Motor Vehicle-Related Occupations in Oregon……………………………………………...21 Table 7. Electric Motor Vehicle-Related Occupations in Washington………………………………………...23 Table 8. Required Education and Experience in Electric Motor Vehicle-Related Occupations…………....25 Table 9. Projected Growth in Electric Motor Vehicle-Related Occupations………………………………….26 Table 10. Share of Women in Electric Motor Vehicle-Related Occupations in OR, WA, and US, 2019.....31 Table 11.Share of People of Color in EMV-Related Occupations in OR, WA, and US, 2019……………..31 Table 12. Share of Women and People of Color in EMV-Related Occupations by Expected Growth…....32 Table 13. Occupations in Decline in OR and WA (combined), 2019……………………………………..…..34 Table 14. Completions in Electric Vehicle-Related Programs in OR and WA, 2018……………………......36 Figures Figure 1. Comparison of Chevy Bolt and Comparable ICE Car Components …………………………..……8 Figure 2. Map of EV-Related Manufacturing in OR and WA ……………………………………………….....12 Figure 3. Projected Change in Electric Motor Vehicle-Related Industries …………………….………….....17 Figure 4. Occupational Makeup of Electric Motor Vehicle-Related Industries in OR, 2019……..…………19 Figure 5. Occupational Makeup of Electric Motor Vehicle-Related Industries in WA, 2019………………..19 Figure 6. Gender Distribution of Electric Motor Vehicle-Related Occupations in OR and WA, 2019……..27 Figure 7. Gender Distribution of EMV-Related Occupations in OR and WA, and in Overall OR and WA Workforce, 2019……………………………………………………………………………………...27 Figures 8 and 9. Race and Ethnicity Distribution of EMV-Related Occupations in OR and WA, 2019…...28 Figure 10. Race and Ethnicity Distribution of EMV-Related Occupations in OR and WA, and in Overall OR and WA Workforce, 2019………………………………………………………….……….29 Figure 11. Age Breakdown of EMV-Related Occupations in OR, WA, and US, 2019…...………..………..30 Figure 12. Age Breakdown of EMV-Related Occupations in OR and WA, and in Overall OR and WA Workforce, 2019……………………………………………………………………………..………..31 Abbreviations EV………………………………………………………………………………….…….............…Electric Vehicle ET…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Electric Truck ICE……...……………………………………………………………………………Internal Combustion Engines NAICS……………………………………………….………….North American Industry Classification System OEM…………………………………………………………………………….Original Equipment Manufacturer SJI…………………………………………………………………………………………….Seattle Jobs Initiative ZEB…………………………………………………………………………………………….Zero-Emissions Bus 2 Executive Summary Both Oregon and Washington have set ambitious greenhouse gas reduction targets and taken a variety of actions to meet their broader climate goals. To continue to work towards those objectives, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the share of electric vehicles on our roads has to increase dramatically. The increase in the share of electric vehicles, in turn, requires more companies producing these vehicles and their components, and a trained workforce that can help companies to meet their production goals. This report suggests that Oregon and Washington are well positioned to attract new business in the electric vehicle field and prepare the workforce for the growing electrification of transportation, and, in this way, continue to work towards meeting their climate goals. Oregon and Washington are off to a good start in preparing for the electrification of transportation for the following reasons: • Drivers in the Pacific Northwest have proven to be among the early adopters. In fact, the market share of sold electric vehicles in 2018 was higher in Washington and Oregon than in any other state, except for California. • The barriers to production are significantly lower for electric motor vehicles than for traditional cars, buses, and trucks. In other words, the growing adoption of electric vehicles by consumers creates more and more opportunities for new businesses to enter the EV field. • As this report shows, both Oregon and Washington already have significant industry and occupational infrastructure related to the electric motor vehicle supply chain. Moreover, there are plenty of regional businesses and workers that could take advantage of the lower entry barriers in EV production. • By engaging the existing and emerging businesses, and by working with key partners in the education sector, Oregon and Washington can design and implement policies and initiatives that help the workforce to prepare for the electrification of transportation. Simply put, together with other stakeholders in the field, Oregon and Washington can create a comprehensive workforce- development strategy that leads to a more equitable and more sustainable economy. The goal of this report is to identify and analyze the electric motor vehicle-related business in Oregon and Washington, assess the current and future regional occupational needs of the industry, and identify the potential key educational partners that can help meet workers demand. To complete this report, SJI undertook the following research tasks: • Review of existing literature on electric motor vehicle production, including cars, trucks, and buses. The literature review helped us identify the NAICS codes most relevant to the electric motor vehicle supply chains. • Database and online search with the appropriate NAICS codes to identify and examine the businesses in Oregon and Washington that have electric motor vehicle-related production. There are 232 businesses in the 2 states that could have some role in EV manufacturing, including batteries, body panels, and full EV manufacture. Forty-nine of those business explicitly manufacture EVs or EV components. These businesses range from small, locally-headquarters