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Baryon Acoustic Oscillations in the Large Scale Structures of the Universe As Seen by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Julian Bautista

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Baryon Acoustic Oscillations in the Large Scale Structures of the Universe As Seen by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Julian Bautista Baryon Acoustic Oscillations in the Large Scale Structures of the Universe as seen by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Julian Bautista To cite this version: Julian Bautista. Baryon Acoustic Oscillations in the Large Scale Structures of the Universe as seen by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]. Université Paris Diderot, 2014. English. tel-01389967 HAL Id: tel-01389967 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01389967 Submitted on 4 Nov 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Ecole Doctorale Particules, Noyaux et Cosmos 517 UNIVERSITE´ PARIS DIDEROT SORBONNE PARIS CITE Laboratoire Astroparticules Cosmologie THESE` pour obtenir le grade de Docteur en Sciences Sp´ecialit´e: Cosmologie Baryon Acoustic Oscillations in the Large Scale Structures of the Universe as seen by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey par Juli´anErnesto Bautista Soutenue le 15 Septembre 2014. Jury : Pr´esident: M. Stavros Katzanevas - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie Rapporteurs : M. Alain Blanchard - Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Plan´etologie M. Jean-Paul Kneib - Ecole Polytechnique F´ed´eralede Lausanne Examinateurs : M. Julien Guy - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory M. Jordi Miralda-Escude´ - Institut de Cincies del Cosmos Barcelona M. David Weinberg - Ohio State University Directeurs : M. Nicol´asG. Busca - Laboratoire Astroparticules et Cosmologie M. James Rich - Centre Energie Atomique, Saclay \BAO is easy, it is just double for loop..." Jim Rich Abstract This thesis exposes my contribution to the measurement of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) using Lyα forests and galaxies, with the cosmological interpretation of results. The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) - part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III - measured spectra of 1:3 million galaxies and 150; 000 z > 2 quasars during four years ∼ ∼ of observations. For the galaxy BAO measurement, I contributed to the development of a new optimal estimator of the correlation function. Using Data Release 9 CMASS galaxy catalogs, we obtained errors on the BAO peak position estimate reduced by 20% compared to Landy-Szalay estimator. My contribution to the BAO measurement in the Lyα forest covers from simulations, to data analysis and cosmological interpretation. Concerning simulations, I developed a method to generate spatially correlated random fields dedicated to the production of mock Lyα forest absorption fields. This method has many advan- tages: computing time scaling linearly with the number of quasars, low memory requirements and no need to separate the survey into independent regions. I created the MockExpander package, that converts an absorption field into a realistic set of quasar spectra. These spectra follow BOSS characteristics, including resolution, noise, sky residuals, mis-estimates of pixel errors. Astrophysical features such as metal absorption and high column density systems are also implemented. The BOSS collaboration currently uses the MockExpander to build mock catalogs. These mock catalogs were extensively used to test our analysis chain. I quantified the possible sources of systematics, such as continuum fitting methods, sky residuals, errors on pixel noise, calibration features and metal absorption. No strong evidence was found for systematic errors on the BAO peak estimates using mock catalogs. Using DR11 data, the measurement of the radial and transverse BAO peak position yield, re- +2:8 spectively, c=rdH(¯z) = 9:18 0:28(1σ) 0:6(2σ) and DA(¯z)=rd = 11:28 0:65(1σ) (2σ), ± ± ± −1:2 where rd is the comoving sound horizon andz ¯ = 2:34 is the mean redshift of the measurement. Assuming rd = 147:4 Mpc, value derived from cosmic microwave background measurements, our −1 −1 results give H(¯z) = 222 7(1σ) km s Mpc and the DA(¯z) = 1662 96(1σ) Mpc. This pair ± ± of values is at 1.8σ from the prediction given by a ΛCDM model with Planck best-fit parameters. Acknowledgements It is time to thank some very important people. Without them, I would never have successfully accomplished this thesis. To better transmit my gratefulness, I have chosen to write these words in different languages. First, I would like to thank Jean-Paul Kneib, Alain Blanchard and Julien Guy for reading my thesis, bringing some insightful comments. I thank David Weinberg for his presence in my jury. I thank Jordi, for being in my jury, for all the transmitted knowledge in this subject, and for trusting my capacities to work with his students. En fran¸cais, un merci `aStavros d'avoir pr´esid´emon jury, en esp´erant que les ann´ees`avenir en tant que directeur seront fructueuses. Merci `aPierre Bin´etruypour les deux ans `ala t^etede l'APC. Je tiens beaucoup `aremercier JC, qui m'a permis de conna^ıtrel'APC, qui, avec son carisme, m'a toujours motiv´e`ala recherche, qui m'a conduit pendant les premiers mois de th`ese.Merci beaucoup Jim, d'avoir transmis toute ta passion par la cosmologie et ton savoir depuis les cours NPAC jusqu’`aaujourd'hui. Merci d'^etrel`aquand Nicolas ´etaitloin. Je remercie Yannick, pour qui j'ai beaucoup de respect et qui a toujours trouv´edu temps dans son agenda de directeur de groupe, pour nous aider et nous motiver. Merci `aC´ecile,Jean Kaplan pour le suivi, Ken pour la bonne humeur, Pierre pour les cours de Python (d´esol´e,je suis plut^otChrome que Firefox). Si ces ann´ees`al'APC ont ´et´esi agr´eableset inoubliables, c'est gr^aceaux th´esards. Merci aux conseils et `ala sagesse des vieux: Mariana (o mejor, gracias), Seb pour le sourire et les d´ebats foot, Ga¨elpour les ragots, George et Florian pour leur humour noir, Marie-Anne pour avoir mis un peu de gr^acedans ce monde masculin, Lo¨ıcpour les d´ebatscosmologiques sans fin, Alex, Giulio (campeur), Castex (ton royaume n'a pas dur´e),Josquin, Joseph et Guigui. La g´en´eration suivant la n^otrea apport´eencore plus d'ambiance `al'APC: merci Alexis, pour la PHD, pour l'union des th´esardset pour l'ambiance quoi (popopopo-popo-popo-popo-po), Jibril pour les discussions sur les filles qui nous font du bien et du mal, Maxime pour les galettes maison, Henri (casse-toi au FACE), `aAaahhh-lelek-Ileyk-Ileyk-Ileyk, `aJulien Peloton pour ^etrel'Obama des th´esards,`aJulien Treguer pour les d´ebatsLyman-α. Merci et bons vents aux tout jeunes Camille, L´ea,Mikhail et Davide. Cependant notre g´en´eration´etaitla meilleure, et m´eritele plus grand merci. Je pourrais ´ecrire des tonnes de mots et de souvenirs qui ont fait ces trois ans passer vite, mais restons succinct. Je commence par ceux qui sont grav´esdans mon coeur depuis l'´epoque du Master, et pour toujours. Ben, merci d'avoir toujours ´et´ela meilleure compagnie dans le bureau, d'^etrele meilleur prof de culture fran¸caise(parisienne) du monde. Mamatt, merci pour mettre l'ambiance dans les soir´eesCaf´eoztiqueset de m'avoir accueilli en temps de gal`eredans ton appart'. Romain, l'exemple de copain id´eal,qui nous a fait les meilleures cr^epes flamb´eesdu monde. Julien, pour le style original et contagieux, toujours dispo pour partager une bonne binch. Flavious, une ^ame Lebowskienne de sourire indestructible, merci pour les meilleures blagues et d'avoir partag´etes savoirs en musique. Je remercie Ma¨ıca,pour nous avoir montr´ele professionnalisme n´ecessaire ix pour publier en Nature. Merci aux autres NPACs, Pierre, Agn`es,Guillaume, As´enath,Alice, entre autres pour les inombrables soir´eesde tout type. Je remercie Marchou, Hippo, Doudou, Chichou, Grani et L^e, sans qui les matchs de foot n'auraient pas ´et´eles m^emes,ainsi que Guitou, pour la confiance. E´ hora de agradecer pessoas em portugu^es!Adivinha quem? Nunca poderia deixar de agradecer minha fam´ılia brasileira na Fran¸ca. Ao Papaizinho, que sempre estava l´apra me escutar e me aconselhar, pra jogar bola, pra dan¸car,ver jogo, melhor companhia pra tudo que eu fazia, obrigado por tudo. A` Sofia, por toda a energia e amor que voc^etransmete `atodo mundo (em especial ao Papaizinho). Ao Mila, que sempre responde meus chamados pra tomar um caf´e ou uma cerveja e conversar durante horas, sobre tudo. Ao Tikago, por ser um exemplo de for¸cade vontade, que se transformou nesses tr^esanos: de f´ısicot´ımido`aconsultor e dan¸carino professional. Ao Louzada, pelas v´ariasfrases cult. A` Karina, por cuidar desse povo e de mim quando eu vinha! Obrigado, fam´ılia. En castellano (por favor!), quiero agradecer a mi jefe, Nicol´as.Gracias por ser un jefe genial, por haberme ense~nadotantas cosas, por mostrarme como se trabaja, por haberme ayudado siempre, de cerca o de lejos. Gracias por haberme dado la oportunidad de hacer una tesis con vos, de poder practicar el castellano. Sin vos, esta tesis no existir´ıa,y yo no estar´ıaahora donde estoy. Abra¸cocara! Gracias mami, por el amor infinito con el cual siempre me cuidaste, de cerca o de lejos. Gracias papi, por ser mi h´eroe incansable y por mostrarme como el conocimiento y el trabajo te pueden llevar lejos, a veces demasiado lejos. Gracias Germ´an,por ser el mejor hermano que lucha hasta hoy por conseguir su lugar. Robinho, por ser irm~aoe um ´otimopapai.
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