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Effect of Sediment Sedimentation Rate on The GSJ: Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020 ISSN 2320-9186 2058 GSJ: Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020, Online: ISSN 2320-9186 www.globalscientificjournal.com EFFECT OF SEDIMENT SEDIMENTATION RATE ON THE STRUCTURE OF MACROZOOBENTHOS COMMUNITY IN SITU GUNUNG PUTRI BOGOR 1 2 3 2 Mochammad Faisal Rapsanjani , Isni Nurruhwati , Aiman Ibrahim , Zahidah Hasan 1Student at Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Scicence, Padjadjaran University, Bandung – Sumedang KM 21 Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia E-mail address: [email protected] 2Lecturer at Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Padjadjaran University, Bandung – Sumedang KM 21 Jatinangor45363, Indonesia 3Researcher of Center of Research and Development Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jakarta – Bogor KM 46, Indonesia KeyWords deposition rate, diversity of macrozoobenthos, macrozoobenthos, macrozoobenthos abundance, sediment, diversity of macrozoobenthos ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to determine the rate of sediment deposition that occurs in Situ Gunung Putri waters and their effect on the structure of the macrozoobenthos community. This research was conducted in situ and ex situ conducted in March - June 2019. Sampling and measurement of water quality parameters were carried out in situ in Situ Gunung Putri, Bogor Regency, West Java. Furthermore, meas- urements of accumulated sediment mass, sediment texture analysis and identification of macrozoobenthos were respectively carried out at the Bentikology Laboratory and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Laboratory of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences Limnology Research Center (LIPI). COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) analysis was conducted at the Laboratory of Aquatic Productivity and Environment of the Bogor Ag- ricultural University. The method used is a survey method. Sedimentation rate at Situ Gunung Putri has values ranging from 76.95−1264 grams / m2 / day with the highest value found at station 1 and the lowest value at station 5. The effect of sediment deposition rate in Situ Gunung Putri waters has a positive effect on macrozoobenthos abundance with a value of 36.5%. Sediment deposition rate does not affect on diversity of macrozoobenthos. GSJ© 2020 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020 ISSN 2320-9186 2059 INTRODUCTION Situ Gunung Putri is a situ located in Gunung Putri Subdistrict, Bogor Regency, West Java. Situ Gunung Putri has an area of 120,645 m2 with a circumference of 1,603 m which is located right on the side of the Jagorawi toll road and between industrial zones (BPS Bogor District 2000). Situ Gunung Putri is one of the natural lake which is used for fisheries activities, especially fishing that use fishing rods. Activities that are around Situ Gunung Putri include domestic, industrial and agricultural activities. The variety of activities or land uses around the area have the potential to produce material that can enter the lake area through the inlet or lake border until deposited at the bot- tom of the water. Sedimentation is the deposition of rock or sediment material that has been transported by water or wind power. When erosion oc- curs, water carries rocks flowing into the river to the lake or there. When the transport strength is reduced or exhausted, rocks are deposited in the watershed (Apriyanti 2016). lake waters that have a relatively small size can be threatened by its sustainability due to high sedimentation rates. Changes and lake damages due to sedimentation will have an impact on reducing water capacity there, thereby increasing the potential for flooding. In addition, the process of sedimentation in lake waters can reduce the productivity of waters which in turn has an impact on changes in the condition of aquatic biota including macrozoobenthos (Puspita et al. 2005). macrozoobenthos are animal organisms which are part or all of their lives spent in the waters. in general can be divided into epifau- na, namely macrozoobenthos that live on the bottom of the water and infauna, namely macrozoobenthos that live in the bottom of the waters (substrate). If the substrate changes, then the structure of the macrozoobenthos community will also change. Macrozoo- benthos are one of the important groups in aquatic ecosystems that function as eaters of floating particles, eaters of detritus, carni- vores or as plankton eaters (Zahidah 2017). It is feared that ongoing sedimentation will cause a decrease in water productivity and directly affect the conditions of the biota that live in the area such as macrozoobenthos. Macrozoobenthos is a bioindicator that is good enough to show the environmental condi- tions of macrozoobenthos. If macrozoobenthos is disturbed, it will cause ecosystems to be disturbed as well (Goldman and Horne 1983). METHODS Research Time and Place This research was carried out for approximately 4 months, namely in March-June 2019. The research was conducted by direct meas- urement at Situ Gunung Putri site, Cibinong, Bogor Regency (in-situ) as well as conducting analysis at the Bentic Sedimentology and Macroinvertebrate Laboratory, Limnology Research Center, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong, Bogor Regency (ex-situ). The method used in this study is a survey method that uses primary data and secondary data. Primary data obtained by making di- rect observations of the objects and parameters observed. While secondary data were taken from various sources related to re- search such as the Center of Research and Development Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), the Office of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, and the Gunung Putri District Office. Determining of Observation Stations The method of determining water sample station is done by purposive sampling. This study has 5 stations selected as observation locations as shown in Figure 1 and Table 1. GSJ© 2020 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020 ISSN 2320-9186 International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 1, Issue 5, October-2012 2060 ISSN 2278-7763 Figure 1. Research Station Location Table 1. Observation Station Coordinates and Characteristics Stations Coordinates Characteristic Locations 1 06o27,928’ LS Lake inlet of the dynamo industry and the vehicle spare parts indus- 106o53,350’ BT try. 2 06o27,842’ LS Lake inlet from residential areas. 106o53,271’ BT 3 06o27,845’ LS midpoint of the lake and there are aquatic plants as lotus and water 106o53,371’ BT hyacinth that covered 2/3 Situ Gunung Putri water body. 4 06o27,792’ LS Extensive farming area of elephant grass which tends to convert into 106o53,254’ BT swamp and is used by residents as animal feed. 5 06o27,768’ LS outlet of Situ Gunung Putri. 106o53,435’ BT Sampling and measured parameters Observation and sampling were carried out three times with a gap of two weeks at five selected stations. Each station observed wa- ter samples at the bottom of the waters. The parameters observed using WQC included temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH, and turbidity. The depth of the waters is measured using a Water Depth Sounder, while transparency uses a Secchi Disk. Water sampling at depth is done using a Kemmerer Water Sampler tool. The water sample is then put into a 250 ml HDPE sample bottle which will be used to analyze the COD content in the waters. Sampling of macrozoobenthos and sediments using the Eckman Grab tool 15 x 15 cm measurements, while for sediment accumulation using a sediment trap. Measurement of accumulated sediment mass, sediment texture analysis and identification of macrozoobenthos were respectively carried out at the sedimentology Laboratory and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Laboratory of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences Lim- nology Research Center (LIPI). COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) analysis was carried out in the Aquatic Productivity and Environment Laboratory of the Bogor Agricultural University. GSJ© 2020 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020 ISSN 2320-9186 International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 1, Issue 5, October-2012 2061 ISSN 2278-7763 Analysis of Accumulated Sediment Samples Sediment deposition rate is the amount of sediment mass deposited through one unit area in each unit of time (Pamuji et al. 2015). Sediment deposition rate can be calculated using the following formula: 퐷푒푝표푠푖푡푖표푛 푅푎푡푒 = 푚/(퐿. 푡)(푔푟푎푚/푚 /푑푎푦) Information : m = Sediment mass after heating 105oC (gram) L = Cross-sectional area of sediment trap (m2) t = Installation time of sediment trap (day) Sediment texture Sediment texture calculation is done by determining the value of three fractions namely sand, loam and silt. The calculation of the values of the three factions is carried out by the following formula (Hakim et al. 1986): (푅1 − 퐵1) + 0,36(푇1 − 20) 푥 (100 + 푀) %푠푎푛푑 = 100 − 푊 (푅2 − 퐵2) + 0,36(푇2 − 20) 푥 (100 + 푀) %푐푙푎푦 = 푊 % = − % − % Information : R1 = first reading of the hydrometer of a soil sample R2 = second reading of the hydrometer of a soil sample B1 = first reading of the hydrometer standard B2 = second reading of the hydrometer standard T1 = first reading of temperature T2 = second reading of temperature 0,36 = hydrometer correction factor 20 = calibration temperature of the hydrometer W = the dry weight of the soil sample used analysis M = % air dry soil example Figure 2. Sedimentary texture triangle (Source : Buckman dan Brandy 1982) GSJ© 2020 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020 ISSN 2320-9186 International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 1, Issue
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