Excerpts from Samuel L and Ll, First Kings
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Manasseh: Reflections on Tribe, Territory and Text
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Vanderbilt Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Archive MANASSEH: REFLECTIONS ON TRIBE, TERRITORY AND TEXT By Ellen Renee Lerner Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Religion August, 2014 Nashville, Tennessee Approved: Professor Douglas A. Knight Professor Jack M. Sasson Professor Annalisa Azzoni Professor Herbert Marbury Professor Tom D. Dillehay Copyright © 2014 by Ellen Renee Lerner All Rights Reserved ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are many people I would like to thank for their role in helping me complete this project. First and foremost I would like to express my deepest gratitude to the members of my dissertation committee: Professor Douglas A. Knight, Professor Jack M. Sasson, Professor Annalisa Azzoni, Professor Herbert Marbury, and Professor Tom Dillehay. It has been a true privilege to work with them and I hope to one day emulate their erudition and the kind, generous manner in which they support their students. I would especially like to thank Douglas Knight for his mentorship, encouragement and humor throughout this dissertation and my time at Vanderbilt, and Annalisa Azzoni for her incredible, fabulous kindness and for being a sounding board for so many things. I have been lucky to have had a number of smart, thoughtful colleagues in Vanderbilt’s greater Graduate Dept. of Religion but I must give an extra special thanks to Linzie Treadway and Daniel Fisher -- two people whose friendship and wit means more to me than they know. -
Three Conquests of Canaan
ÅA Wars in the Middle East are almost an every day part of Eero Junkkaala:of Three Canaan Conquests our lives, and undeniably the history of war in this area is very long indeed. This study examines three such wars, all of which were directed against the Land of Canaan. Two campaigns were conducted by Egyptian Pharaohs and one by the Israelites. The question considered being Eero Junkkaala whether or not these wars really took place. This study gives one methodological viewpoint to answer this ques- tion. The author studies the archaeology of all the geo- Three Conquests of Canaan graphical sites mentioned in the lists of Thutmosis III and A Comparative Study of Two Egyptian Military Campaigns and Shishak and compares them with the cities mentioned in Joshua 10-12 in the Light of Recent Archaeological Evidence the Conquest stories in the Book of Joshua. Altogether 116 sites were studied, and the com- parison between the texts and the archaeological results offered a possibility of establishing whether the cities mentioned, in the sources in question, were inhabited, and, furthermore, might have been destroyed during the time of the Pharaohs and the biblical settlement pe- riod. Despite the nature of the two written sources being so very different it was possible to make a comparative study. This study gives a fresh view on the fierce discus- sion concerning the emergence of the Israelites. It also challenges both Egyptological and biblical studies to use the written texts and the archaeological material togeth- er so that they are not so separated from each other, as is often the case. -
Abraham, What Kind of an Ancestor Is He ? a New Look at Biblical Traditions
A. de Pury, Abraham. A New Look 1 Abraham, what kind of an ancestor is he ? A new look at Biblical traditions As we all know — be we Muslims, Christians, or Jews — Abraham is a much loved, much coveted, much invoked, and therefore perhaps disputed ancestor1. Our respective traditions are well known to us, even the traditions of the families of faith to which we do not belong. We know, for instance, that for Muslims2, Ibrahim (who says: aslamtu li-rabbi l-‘alamin (Sur 2,31)) is held to be the first Muslim in history, and that in Mecca the pilgrim is the guest of Ibrahim and Isma'il even more so than he is of Muhammad. Ibrahim is held in such high esteem, that in the medieval Bâb el Khalîl of Jerusalem, the gate that opens the road to Hebron, an Islamic inscription of the shahada allows the confession of Muhammad as the rasûl'Allah to be replaced by the words : ’ashhadu ’an Ibrahim khalîl-’allah3. We know that for the first Christians4 as well as for many Jewish proselytes, Abraham came to be the human father par excellence, the “father of faith” and the “father in faith” : having accepted the call of God, Abraham became the model of the convert, the model of the believer (l Macc 2,50-52; James 2,21-23), and, being himself justified by faith rather than by his own righteousness or obedience (Rom 4,1-5), Abraham becomes the “father” of all believers, whether they be his physical descendents or not, whether they follow or not the law of Moses, and even, at the limit, whether they be righteous or sinners. -
Genesis 31:3-32:2 Chavurah Shalom Sat 4/30/16 Jacob Is the First Person
Genesis 31:3-32:2 Chavurah Shalom Sat 4/30/16 Jacob is the first person to whom God can say, "Return to the Land of your fa- thers!" For the Land was first promised to Avraham, and then to Isaac, and now to Jacob. Jacob has heard the discontent of Laban's sons, and seen the change in La- ban's face, but more importantly, He has heard from God! V. 3 records this as a direct command from God to Jacob, "ADONAI said to Ja- cob." In other words, whether in the dream that follows, or in a vision, or an audi- ,שׁוּב ,ble voice, Jacob heard ADONAI speak. Here is the simple command to shuv return, and "I will be with you." This is a reminder of the promise of God in Gene- sis 28:15, when he was fleeing Esau. While many make a case for the same kind flight here as there, we have a direct command of God, and Jacob's immediate obe- dience, whatever the other factors may have been. We will see in the recounting of his dream, and the Angel of God, that ADONAI has proven His Word true to Ja- cob, abiding with him to protect and to provide even while in a foreign land. Jacob does not travel alone! The Chumash however, in seeking to tie the promise of the Presence of God to the Land, and to being in fellowship only with other holy people, suggested (Rashi) that His presence would not rest upon Jacob as long as he remained in connection to an unclean Laban. -
The Case of Eglon's Murder (Judges 3)
ETHICALLY CULTURED INTERPRETATIONS: THE CASE OF EGLON'S MURDER (JUDGES 3) JACK M. SASSON Vanderbilt University I. Reading Ehud Until recently the story of Ehud was read as a yet another account of God motivating his elect to complete his will.! The Greek versions ("LXX" for convenience) largely adopt the Hebrew story line with minor expansions, as when at 3:30, they explicitly cite Ehud as a Judge when the Hebrew does not. The Targum likewise does not expand much on the story. Facing the many hapax legomena in the text, both the LXX and the Targum naturally translate interpretively, without serious deflection of contents. In his paraphrase of Jewish Scripture, however, Josephus turns Ehud into a model for Jewish heroic opposi tion to tyranny.2 He is a trusted courtier who had real cause to turn against Eglon and when he resolutely strikes at his heart (never at his belly!), the confrontation lacks any touches that might cheapen Ehud's act. 3 In Rabbinic lore Ehud is deemed a "great scholar" (Midrash Genesis Rabbah, 99.3), but hardly any more attention is paid to him. Still, there was only sympathy for the role circumstances forced on Ehud so that when around the 8th century an "Antiochus Scroll" was composed for Hanukkah celebrations, Ehud's deed was duplicated by 1 A good review of opinions on Ehud over the centuries is in D. M. Gunn, Judges (Blackwell Bible Commentaries; Blackwell, 2005), pp. 38-49. 2 "[Ehudl became familiar with Eglon, and that by means of presents, with which he obtained his favor, and insinuated himself into his good opinion; whereby he was also beloved of those that were about the king. -
088 March 29 Chronological Synopsis of the Bible
© Nathan E. Brown March 29 – Chronological Synopsis of the Bible – LEB Version comeafterme.com Cities of Refuge (1400 BC) Joshua 20 1 And Yahweh spoke to Joshua, saying, 2 “Speak to the Israelites, saying, ‘Appoint for yourselves cities of refuge, of which I spoke to you through the hand of Moses. 3 Anyone who kills a person by accident or unintentionally may flee there; they will be for yourselves a refuge from the avenger of blood. 4 The killer will flee to one of these cities, stand at the entrance of the gate of the city, and state his case to the elders of that city; and they will take him into the city and give him a place, and he will dwell among them. 5 And if the avenger of blood pursues after him, they will not hand over the killer into his hand, because he killed his neighbor unintentionally, and he did not hate him previously. 6 The killer will stay in that city until he stands before the congregation for the trial, until the death of the one who is the high priest in those days. Then the killer will return to his city and to his house, to the city from which he fled.’” 7 So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath Arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. 8 Beyond the Jordan east of Jericho, they appointed Bezer in the wilderness on the plateau, from the tribe of Reuben, Ramoth in Gilead, from the tribe of Gad, and Golan in the Bashan, from the tribe of Manasseh. -
7 Midrash VAYETZE
VAYETZE (and he went out) Genesis 28:10 Jacob went out from Beer-sheba and went toward Haran (burning anger). C-MATS Question: Who did Jacob encounter along the way? After Jacob left, Esau sent his son Eliphaz to kill him. Eliphaz pursued Jacob and caught up with him, but was then faced with a dilemma: on the one hand, he was duty-bound to obey his father's command to kill Jacob; on the other hand, because he had been raised by his righteous grandfather, Isaac, his conscience got the better of him and he could not bring himself to kill his uncle Jacob. So he decided to ask Jacob himself what he should do. In response, Jacob gave Eliphaz all his possessions, pointing out to him that the Torah views a poor person as dead because he lacks resources with which to influence other people. Eliphaz could now therefore tell his father that he had indeed left Jacob "dead." (Jashar) Question: Where did Jacob go before he went to Haran? Aware of the challenges awaiting him in Haran, Jacob realized that he needed to prepare himself spiritually before going there. He therefore returned to the academy of Ever in Salem (Shem had already died by then), studying there diligently for the next fourteen years. (Jashar) 11 And he came upon the certain place and stayed there all night, because the sun had already set; and he took some stones from that place and put them as his pillows and lay down in that place to sleep. C-MATS Question: Where was that “certain place” that Jacob went? "The place" is Mount Moriah (the "Temple Mount" in Jerusalem, where Abraham had bound Isaac upon the altar and where King .s Temple). -
Joshua 13:1–33 1Now Joshua Was Old, Advanced in Years. and the LORD Said to Him: “You Are Old, Advanced in Years, and There
Joshua 13 Joshua 13:1–33 1Now Joshua was old, advanced in years. And the LORD said to him: “You are old, advanced in years, and there remains very much land yet to be possessed. 2This is the land that yet remains: all the territory of the Philistines and all that of the Geshurites, 3from Sihor, which is east of Egypt, as far as the border of Ekron northward (which is counted as Canaanite); the five lords of the Philistines—the Gazites, the Ashdodites, the Ashkelonites, the Gittites, and the Ekronites; also the Avites; 4from the south, all the land of the Canaanites, and Mearah that belongs to the Sidonians as far as Aphek, to the border of the Amorites; 5the land of the Gebalites, and all Lebanon, toward the sunrise, from Baal Gad below Mount Hermon as far as the entrance to Hamath; 6all the inhabitants of the mountains from Lebanon as far as the Brook Misrephoth, and all the Sidonians—them I will drive out from before the children of Israel; only divide it by lot to Israel as an inheritance, as I have commanded you. 7Now therefore, divide this land as an inheritance to the nine tribes and half the tribe of Manasseh.” 8With the other half-tribe the Reubenites and the Gadites received their inheritance, which Moses had given them, beyond the Jordan eastward, as Moses the servant of the LORD had given them: 9from Aroer which is on the bank of the River Arnon, and the town that is in the midst of the ravine, and all the plain of Medeba as far as Dibon; 10all 1 the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon, as far as the border of the children of Ammon; 11Gilead, and the border of the Geshurites and Maachathites, all Mount Hermon, and all Bashan as far as Salcah; 12all the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and Edrei, who remained of the remnant of the giants; for Moses had defeated and cast out these. -
Through the Bible Study 2 Samuel 18-20
THROUGH THE BIBLE STUDY 2 SAMUEL 18-20 In Hosea 8:7 the prophet predicts God’s judgment on Israel. He says, "They sow the wind, and reap the whirlwind.” In other words, the seeds of rebellion produce a disproportionate harvest. A few seeds can reap a bumper crop. Proverbs 22:8 tells us, “He who sows iniquity will reap sorrow.” Both verses apply to David. When he invited Bathsheba to his room for a few night games he had no idea the devastation and sadness he was inviting into his life. Pain invaded and ransacked his heart - his home – even the entire nation. At the end of chapter 17 David is sleeping in Mahanaim – east of the Jordan River – outside the borders of his own kingdom. He’s an alien in his own capitol. His renegade son, Absalom, launched a coup to unseat David from power. The name “Absalom” means “father of peace.” Tragically, Absalom was one Bible character who’s name did not reflect his nature. There was nothing at all peaceful about Absalom’s motivations - or his manners – or his maneuvers. Absalom resented the mistakes and weaknesses he saw in his father, David – to the point where it blinded him to his dad’s many noble and godly traits. Absalom rallied together other bitter men, and led a coup !1 against David. At first it was so successful he forced David to abandon his capitol city of Jerusalem. And in order to solidify his hold on the throne he rallies an army to capture his father. He figures when he executes David, all of Israel will serve him as their king. -
The Forgotten Kingdom: the Archaeology and History of Northern Israel
Finkelstein, Israel The forgotten kingdom: the archaeology and history of northern Israel Documento de investigación Centro de Estudios de Historia del Antiguo Oriente. Departamento de Historia. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Políticas y de la Comunicación Este documento está disponible en la Biblioteca Digital de la Universidad Católica Argentina, repositorio institucional desarrollado por la Biblioteca Central “San Benito Abad”. Su objetivo es difundir y preservar la producción intelectual de la Institución. La Biblioteca posee la autorización del autor para su divulgación en línea. Cómo citar el documento: Finkelstein, Israel. The forgotten kingdom : the archaeology and history of northern Israel [en línea]. Ancient Near East Monographs 5. Atlanta : Society of Biblical Literature, 2013. Disponible en: http://bibliotecadigital.uca.edu.ar/repositorio/investigacion/forgotten-kingdom-archaeology.pdf [Fecha de consulta: ….] The Forgotten Kingdom THE ARCHAEOLOGY AND HISTORY OF NORTHERN ISRAEL Israel Finkelstein THE FORGOTTEN KINGDOM Ancient Near East Monographs General Editors Ehud Ben Zvi Roxana Flammini Editorial Board Erhard S. Gerstenberger Esther J. Hamori Steven W. Holloway René Krüger Alan Lenzi Steven L. McKenzie Martti Nissinen Graciela Gestoso Singer Juan Manuel Tebes Number 5 THE FORGOTTEN KINGDOM The Archaeology and History of Northern Israel THE FORGOTTEN KINGDOM THE ARCHAEOLOGY AND HISTORY OF NORTHERN ISRAEL By Israel Finkelstein Society of Biblical Literature Atlanta THE FORGOTTEN KINGDOM The Archaeology and History of Northern Israel Copyright © 2013 by the Society of Biblical Literature All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by means of any information storage or retrieval system, except as may be expressly permit- ted by the 1976 Copyright Act or in writing from the publisher. -
2 Samuel 20 the Revolt of Sheba the Revolt of Sheba 2 Samuel 20
2 Samuel 20 The Revolt of Sheba The Revolt of Sheba 2 Samuel 20 Lesson Outline I. Sheba Disruptive: 2 Samuel 20:1-13 A. Dangerous Person: 2 Samuel 20:1-3 B. Delayed Pursuit: 2 Samuel 20:4-13 II. Sheba Defeated: 2 Samuel 20:14-26 A. Assault: 2 Samuel 20:14-22 B. Administration: 2 Samuel 20:23-26 Sheba Disruptive 2 Samuel 20:1-13 Dangerous Person: 2 Samuel 20:1-3 Sheba’s Character Sheba was immediately called a man of Belial. It implies worthlessness and is a term reserved for wicked ungodly men. As will be seen, he proved to be a lawless man that produced division in the nation. It is possible Sheba followed Absalom and hoped to keep the throne from David. Sadly, many chose to follow another questionable man, proving their character was as ungodly as his. He was a Benjamite, which was the same tribe Saul was from (1 Samuel 9:1-2). Like Shimei, he may have held a grudge against David (2 Samuel 16:5). Saul’s family and tribe struggled to submit to David’s leadership. Perhaps they missed the privileges of being associated with royalty or were filled with pride (Psalm 86:14). Sheba’s Conduct The leaders of Israel were upset at Judah over the way David returned to the throne, believing they were slighted by not being involved. This perceived slight turned into an argument, which led to bitterness. Interesting, an argument over who cared for David most turned into a split. Sheba took advantage of the situation. -
Joab Is Replaced by Amasa ______
Joab is Replaced by Amasa __________________________________________________________________________________________ Pastor Rod Holler October 19, 2016 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 Samuel 19:8 Then the king arose, and sat in the 2 Samuel 8:16 And Joab the son of Zeruiah was gate. And they told unto all the people, saying, over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud Behold, the king doth sit in the gate. And all the was recorder; people came before the king: for Israel had fled every man to his tent. 9 And all the people were at 2 Samuel 18:1 And David numbered the people that strife throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, The were with him, and set captains of thousands and king saved us out of the hand of our enemies, and he captains of hundreds over them. 2 And David sent delivered us out of the hand of the Philistines; and forth a third part of the people under the hand of now he is fled out of the land for Absalom. 10 And Joab, and a third part under the hand of Abishai the Absalom, whom we anointed over us, is dead in son of Zeruiah, Joab's brother, and a third part under battle. Now therefore why speak ye not a word of the hand of Ittai the Gittite. And the king said unto bringing the king back? 11 And king David sent to the people, I will surely go forth with you myself Zadok and to Abiathar the priests, saying, Speak also. unto the elders of Judah, saying, Why are ye the last to bring the king back to his house? seeing the 2 Samuel 20:4 Then said the king to Amasa, speech of all Israel is come to the king, even to his Assemble me the men of Judah within three days, house.