Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Volume 28 Article 9

1974 Ichthyofaunal Survey of the Current River Within Arkansas Joe F. Green Arkansas State University

John K. Beadles Arkansas State University

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Recommended Citation Green, Joe F. and Beadles, John K. (1974) "Ichthyofaunal Survey of the Current River Within Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 28 , Article 9. Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol28/iss1/9

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Ichthyofaunal Survey ofthe Current River Within Arkansas JOE F. GREEN* and JOHN K. BEADLES Divisionof Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, State University, Arkansas 72467 ABSTRACT Current River is a clear predominantly spring-fed stream draining the southeastern face of the Ozark escarpment. Beginning at Montauk Springs, Dent County, Missouri, it meanders southward for 180 km to the Arkansas-Missouri state line. The study area containing 14 sampling stations was that part of Current River lying withinthe boundaries of Arkansas to its confluence with Black River. The collected fishes could be referred toas those common to a wide-ranging faunal group, the Ozark, and the lowland faunal group. Those ofthe Ozark group were restricted intheir range by topography and the river's confluence with LittleBlack River. The lowland group was influenced by immigrating and emigrating fishes from Black River.

INTRODUCTION As the river enters the state, it leaves the Ozark escarpment and becomes a meandering lowland stream, maintaining its Current River is a clear predominantly spring-fed stream rapid clear flow. The upper part of the study area revealed draining the southeast face of the Ozark escarpment (Sauer, some outcropping of limestone and a substrate composed of 1920). Beginning at Montauk Springs, Dent County, Missouri, gravel. Inthe lower part the substrate was composed entirely of at an elevation of 305 m, it flows southward for 242 km and sand and mud. The river was almost continuous pools empties into Black River, a tributary of the White River, 6.4 separated by a few short riffleareas. Inmost locations the river km east of Pocahontas, Randolph County, Arkansas, at an maintained a deep swift channel near one bank, and the elevation of 76 m (Hall, 1958). bottom rose sharply up to the opposite shore. The average Fish studies have been conducted on Current River in width was about 47 m and average depth was between 1and 3 Missouri by that state's Department ofConservation and by the m. The flow was moderate to rapid. AtDoniphan, Missouri, 16 U. S. Forest Service (Pflieger, 1971). With the exception of a km above the study area, the average flow from 1920 to 1968 1954 sample taken by the Arkansas Game and Fish was 2,962 cu ft per second, with a minimum recorded value of Commission, no investigations of the fish found south of the 1,020 cu ft per second and a maximum of 94,400 cu ft per Arkansas-Missouri line are known forCurrent River. Studies of second in 1935 (Frame, 1930; U.S. Department of Interior, a similar nature have been conducted by Funk and Campbell 1968). In Arkansas, however, a gauging station is not (1953), Martin and Campbell (1953), Meek (1894), Black maintained. (1940), Robison and Harp (1971), Beadles (1972), Jackson According to the Soil Conservation Service (1971), the soils (1972), Fowler (1972) and Harp (1973) on various Ozark-type of the area are of the Dundee-Amagon association, found streams. predominantly on the west side of the river, and of the The followingreport is a preliminary list offish fauna found Bosket-Beulah association on the east. in the Current River south ofthe Arkansas-Missouri state line. The shore consisted of banks 4.3-4.9 m high which were The writers are certain that more fish willbe reported as future lined withBetula sp. (birch), Carya spp. (hickories), Fraxinus collections are made. spp. (ashes), Liquidambar sp. (sweet gum), Nyssa sp. (black gum), Platanus sp. (Sycamore), Populas sp. (cottonwood), DESCRIPTION OF AREA Qucrcus spp. (oaks), Salix spp. (willows), Taxodium sp. (bald cypress) and Ulmus spp. (elms). The Current River cuts through the Salem Plateau of the METHODS Ozark Mountain physiographic province (Fenneman, 1938) and drains onto the Advance Lowland between the Ozark Uplands and Crowley's Ridge. The Salem Plateau in this region Fish samples were collected from 11 stations along the river where access was available between 6 June 1972 and 16 June is composed ofGasconade and Potosi limestone, dolomite and lake, sandstone of Ordovician origin (Sauer, 1920). 1973. One collection was made from an oxbow one from a The river in its pit one from an evaporation pool left by the spring upper part flows swiftly through narrow valleys ofsteep bluffs, borrow and receiving springs flood. 60% of its content from that have a Most samples were taken with three minnow seines, a 9 x 2 year-round temperature of14 C i1C (Hall, 1958). In the m, a 20 x2m and a 3 x2 m, each having a 0.5-cm square mesh. lower part, erosion has produced a wide valley suitable agri- for Electrofishing was conducted at night from the Arkansas- culture (Sauer, 1920). The drainage area is 2,613 sq mi and the Missouri state line south for 1,500 m byuse ofa work boat and only tributary within study area named the is the Little Black a gasoline generator. (White River Coordinating 1968). River Basin Committee, Collected fish were fixed in 10% formalin for four days, study area was The that part of Current River lying within water stored in 40% isopropyl alcohol. the boundaries of the State of Arkansas. The river the washed in and enters Scientific names offishes follow those of Bailey et al. (1970) state 19 km northwest of Corning, Arkansas, and flows into except where noted. Black River 6.4 km east of Pocahontas. The distance from the state line to the confluence with Black River is 63 km. The ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS river's approximate elevation as it enters the state is 85 m and where itjoins Black River it has dropped 0.14 m/km to an Dr. George A. Moore, Professor Emeritus elevation of 76 m. Oklahoma State University, kindly made verifica ?Paragould High School, Paragould, Arkansas. Academy Proceedings, XXVIII, 22 Arkansas of Science Vol. 1974 Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1974 22- ¦" Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 28 [1974], Art. 9

Ichthyofaunal Survey of the Current River Within Arkansas

tion of certain darters and cyprinids. Randy Boyd Hiodontidae (Mooneyes) and John Cloud (Arkansas Game and Fish Commission) provided assistance in electrofishing. Hiodon tergisus Lesueur. Mooneye. Appreciation is expressed to several graduate Common inhabitant of clear large pools. of Arkansas State and several students University (Pikes) high school biology students of Paragould for aid Esocidae in the collection of the fishes. Esox americanus vermiculatus Lesueur. Grass pickerel. Relatively uncommon, taken from still shallow water in or ANNOTATED LIST OF FISHES OF THE near vegetation. CURRENT RIVER WITHIN ARKANSAS Esox niger Lesueur. Chain pickerel. Uncommon, found in deeper water than the grass Petromyzontidae (Lampreys) pickerel; occupant of quiet pools with submergent vegetation. Although no specimens of Petromyzontidae were collected (Minnows) this study, Ichthyomyzon castaneus Girard Cyprinidae (during(chestnut lamprey) has been reported by Baker (1954), and Pflieger (1971) reported Lampetra aepyptera (Abbott) Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus. Carp. (least brook lamprey) and Lampetra lamottei (Lesueur) Common inhabitant of both shallow and deep pools with (American brook lamprey) in the Missouri part ofCurrent moderate current. River. Carassius auratus (Linnaeus). Goldfish. Anuncommon immigrant found in the lower parts ofthe Acipenseridae (Sturgeons) river. Reported by Baker (1954) and presently by commercial fishermen. Scaphirhynchus platorynchus (Rafinesque). Shovelnose Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill) Golden shiner. sturgeon. Common bait minnow inhabiting borrow pits, ditches and This is an inhabitant ofopen channels and was collected in quiet backwaters. strong current over a firm gravel bottom. Previously Opsopoeodus aniline (Hay). Pugnose minnow. unreported River; from Current uncommon. Rare lowland species occupying sluggish turbid water. Polyodontidae (Paddlefish) Hybopsis amblops (Rafinesque). Bigeye chub. Found to be common to the areas above and below riffles. Hybopsis (KirHand). Polyodon spathula (Walbaum). Paddlefish. dissimilis Streamline chub. This species was collected in the lower parts ofthe system. Occupies the same habitat as the bigeye chub but is less Probably migrates in and out of Black River (Baker, abundant. 1954). Hybopsis x-punctata Hubbs and Crowe. Gravel chub. The most abundant chub, found in moderate current Lepisosteidae (Gars) below riffles and in quiet pools. Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque. Emerald shiner. Lepisosteus osseus (Linnaeus). Longnose gar. The emerald shiner was found to be common in open Most common inhabitant of both upland and lowland water withmoderate to slow current. habitats in the system. Notropis rubellus (Agassiz). Rosyface shiner. Lepisosteus (Winchell). Spotted oculatus gar. Common in riffle areas of moderate flow with a rocky This less abundant gar was collected in backup water bottom. along the lowland ditches and borrow pits; previously Notropis umbratilis (Girard). Redfin shiner. unreported in Current River. Uncommon inhabitant of quiet backwaters and overflow Lepisosteus platostomus Rafinesque. Shortnose gar. pools. The shortnose gar is an inhabitant of quiet pools, Notropis futneus Evermann. Ribbon shiner. backwaters and oxbow lakes; reported by Baker (1954). Uncommon; a single collection of18 specimens was taken Lepisosteus spatula Alligator Lacepede. gar. over a sandy bottom in moderate current. Though not represented inthe writers' collection this gar is Notropis zonatus (Putnam). Bleeding shiner. reported by commercial fishermen and by Baker (1954). The bleeding shiner was abundant in moderate to swift current over clean gravel bottoms. Amiidae (Bowfin) Notropis chrysocephalus (Rafinesque). Striped shiner. Uncommon resident of rocky pools withlittle current. Amia calva Linnaeus. Bowfin. Notropis texanus (Girard). Weed shiner. Lowland species, collected from overflow ditches and The weed shiner is a lowland species and was collected pits. borrow only from the lower river over a sandy bottom with a moderate current. Anguillidae (Eels) Notropis greenei Hubbs and Ortenburger. Wedgespot shiner. resident area riffles, Anguilla Abundant of the above and below rostrata (Lesueur). American eel. where the bottom is mostly sand or fine gravel. This species was not collected in the writers' study though Notropis boops Gilbert. Bigeye shiner. it was collected by Baker (1954). The bigeye shiner occupied the same habitat as the wedgespot shiner, though it was nowhere as abundant. Clupeidae (Herrings) Notropis whipplei (Girard). Steelcolor shiner. Only a single specimen ofthis species was collected. Itlast Dorosoma cepedianum (Lesueur). Gizzard shad. was reported in the Current Riverin Missouri prior to 1945 Abundant and widespread. (Pflieger, 1971).

Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXVIII,1974 23 http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol28/iss1/9 23 ~ Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 28 [1974], Art. 9

Joe F. Green and John K. Beadles

Notropis venustus (Girard). Blacktail shiner. Erimyzon ablongus (Mitchill).Creek chubsucker. The most common member of the genus Notropis Uncommon; collected only from an overflow ditch and an collected. oxbow. galacturus Notropis (Cope). Whitetail shiner. Ictaluridae (Catfishes) Common shiner residing in upland habitats. Notropis maculatus (Hay). Taillight shiner. taillight throughout Ictalurus melas (Rafinesque). Clack bullhead. The shiner is rare the state of Uncommon; only from Arkansas and is previously unreported in the River taken overflow waters. Black Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque). Channel catfish. system. was Notropis This catfish collected only by electrofishing, but ozarcanus Meek. Ozark shiner. to uncommon, reports of local fishermen judge it be abundant. The Ozark shiner was found to be though it Ictalurus fitrcatus (Lesueur). Blue catfish. was in collected both upland and lowland habitats. blue catfish was not collected during Notropis (Cope). The the writers' volucellus Mimic shiner. study, but local fishermen report it to be common in the This previously unreported species was found nowhere in abundance, lower river where it is an immigrant from Black River. but occupied both upper and lower reaches of (Lesueur). study Ictalurus nutalis Yellow bullhead. the area. species reported by by Hybognathus This was commercial fishermen and nuchalis Agassiz. Silvery minnow. Baker (1954). Very abundant cyprinid occupying clear backwater areas Noturus exilis Nelson. Slender madtom. and oxbows. Rare inhabitant of shallow riffles. vigilax(Baird Girard). Pimephales and Bullhead minnow. Noturus nocturnus Jordan and Gilbert. Freckled madtom. unreported This species was previously for the Current Rare ictalurid; a single individual was a reported taken from River, but was for the Black River system of shallow riffle area. (Pflieger, 1971). Missouri Noturus miurus Jordan. Brindled madtom. Pimephales notatus (Rafinesque). Bluntnose minnow. rare area, A inhabitant of shallow riffles. Common throughout the study but was never Noturus alhater Taylor. Ozark madtom. collected in abundance. The most abundant ofthe madtoms collected; taken from Cam post oma anomalum (Rafinesque). Stoneroller. riffles and shallow pools. cyprinid inhabiting rocky pools Abundant and riffles. Noturus eleutherus Jordan. Mountain madtom. Catostomidae (Suckers) The mountain madtom has been reported only recently in northern Arkansas (Beadles, 1972). This previously unreported species Carpiodes Carpsuckers. for the Current River aids in fillingthe sp. species Reported by commercial fishermen and Baker (1954), discontinuous distribution of this from southwest- though em Arkansas and southeastern Oklahoma to Illinois. not taken in the writers' collection. These records Pylodictis olivaris (Rafinesque). Flathead catfish. are probably Carpiodes (Rafinesque), the highfin velifer Not collected, but was reported by commercial fishermen carpsucker. (1954). Cycleptus elongatus (Lesueur). Blue sucker. and Baker Rare inhabitant of deep channels, reported in Missouri Aphredoderidae (Pirate Perch) (Pflieger, 1971). Was not collected. Ictiobus cyprinellus (Valenciennes). Bigmouth buffalo. Aphredoderus sayunus (Gilliams). Pirate perch. Inhabitant of large pools; young were collected from Inhabitant of ditches and borrow pits of the lower river. ditches and borrow pits. Ictiobus niger (Rafinesque). Black buffalo. Cyprinodontidae (Killifishes) Least common of the buffalofishes; collected from large pools by electrofishing and young taken from borrow pits Fundulus caienatus (Storer). Northern studfish. by seining. Common species residing in moderate current over a lctiohus bubalus (Rafinesque). Smallmouth buffalo. silt-free gravel and sand bottom. Resident of large pools, being found in faster, clearer Fundulus olivaceus (Storer). Blackspotted topminnow water than /. cyprinellus. Common resident of the pools and ditches. Hypentelium nigricans (Lesueur). Northern hog sucker. Very common and abundant, occupying riffle areas or Atherinidae (Silversides) pools withnoticeable current. Moxostoma duquesnei (Lesueur). Black redhorse. Lahidesthes sicculus (Cope). Brook silverside Common resident of deep pools. This species was widespread throughout the study area, Moxostoma erythrurum (Rafinesque). Golden redhorse. though never taken in large numbers. Most common ofthe redhorses; found inlarge pools and deep channels. Poeciliidae (Livebearers) Moxostoma anisurum (Rafinesque). Silver redhorse. The silver redhorse is an inhabitant oflarge deep pools. It Gumhusiu uffinis (Baird and Girard). Mosquitofish. was not taken in the writers' study, but is reported to have Found to be abundant wherever there was still water and been collected from Current River at the Arkansas- vegetation. Missouri state line (Pflieger, 1971). Moxostoma macrolepidotum (Lesueur). Shorthead redhorse. Percichthyidae (Temperate Basses) This redhorse was a resident of deep pools and swift chutes. Moroue chrysops (Rafinesque). White bass. Minytremu melanops (Rafinesque). Spotted sucker. Though not taken in the writers' collection the white bass Uncommon resident of the lowland habitats. was reported by local fishermen

24 Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXVIII,1974 Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1974 24- 1 Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 28 [1974], Art. 9

Ichthyofaunal Survey of the Current River Within Arkansas

Centrarchidae (Sunfishes) Etheostoma euzonum (Hubbs and Black). Arkansas saddled darter. punctulatus (Rafinesque). Spotted bass. This darter was a common inhabitant ofriffleareas in the The most common of the basses, occupying both upland upper part ofthe study area. Icropterusand lowland habitats. Etheostoma zonale (Cope). Banded darter. dolomieui Lacepede. Smallmouth bass. Common to the swifter riffle areas, though a juvenile was The smallmouth bass was common above and below large collected from a lowland barrow pit. Icropterusriffles. Etheostoma blennioides Rafinesque. Greenside darter. salmoides (Lacepede). Largemouth bass. The greenside darter was an abundant resident ofthe swift Uncommon; taken only inthe upper part ofthe study area riffle areas. rropterusby electrofishing. Etheostoma caeruleum Storer. Rainbow darter. Chaenobryttus gulosus (Cuvier). Warmouth. This species was found to be common in swift riffle areas Collected only by electrofishing, but is reported to be with a coarse gravel or rubble bottom. abundant throughout the river by local fishermen. Etheostoma proeliare (Hay). Cypress darter. Lepomis cyanetlus Rafinesque. Green sunfish. A single specimen of this lowland darter was taken from Common resident of the pools; collected in abundance. shallow water withrooted vegetation. nuis humilis (Girard). Orangespotted sunfish. tThe orangespotted sunfish was previously unreported for Sciaenidae (Drums) the Current River, though known to be in the Black River drainage (Black, 1940). Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque. Freshwater drum. megalotis (Rafinesque). Longear sunfish. The freshwater drum was a common resident of deeper Abundant centrarchid, found to inhabit the larger pools pools throughout the river. rimesand overflow waters. Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque. Bluegill. Cottidae (Sculpins) Most abundant sunfish, collected from pools, backwaters, ditches and oxbows throughout the study area. Cottus bairdi Girard. Mottled sculpin. Ambloplites rupestris (Rafinesque). Rock bass. The mottled sculpin was taken from swift-flowing riffle The rock bass was common along gravel bars with areas. moderate current. Cottus carolinae (Gill).Banded sculpin. Pomoxis nigromaculatus (Lesueur). Black crappie. The banded sculpin occupies the same habitat as the Occasional resident of clear ditches and oxbows. mottled sculpin, though they were not collected together. Pomoxis annularis Rafinesque. White crappie. The white crappie was found to be common inbackwaters LITERATURE CITED and oxbows. Centrarchus macropterus (Lacepede). Flier. BAILEY, R.M., JOHN E. FITCH, EARL S. HERALD, An uncommon inhabitant of the lowland ditches and ERNEST A. LACHNER, C.C. LINDSEY, C. RICHARD borrow pits. ROBINS and W.B. SCOTT. 1970. A list of the common Percidae (Perches) and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. 6. 150 p. Stizostedion (Smith). canadense Sauger. BAKER, 1, Rare, occasionally reported by fishermen; ROBERT. 1954. Stream survey. Work Plan Job not collected (form 3). Commission, study. 1-B Arkansas Game and Fish Little during the writers' Rock, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum (Mitchill).Walleye. Arkansas. 2 p. by by Uncommon. Reported local fishermen and Baker BEADLES, (1954). J.K. 1972. Fishes. InEnvironmental inventory of Strawberry basin, Fulton, Izard, Percina sciera (Swain). Dusky the Lawrence and Sharp darter. Counties, Army This lowland areas Arkansas. U.S. Corps of Engineers, Little darter was taken from riffle having District, Rock, Arkansas, 63-67, reduced flow, often in association with vegetation. Rock Little p. appendix Percina caprodes (Rafinesque). Logperch. C. Most common collected, member of the genus Percina BLACK, existing inboth habitats. J.D. 1940. The distribution ofthe fishes ofArkansas. upland and lowland Ph.D dissertation, Univ. Michigan. p., maps. Percina evides (Jordan and Copeland). Gilt darter. 243 69 Common darter of the larger riffle areas; collected over gravel EDDY, S. 1969. How to know the freshwater fishes. Wm. C. and rubble bottoms. Co., Dubuque, Percina uranidea (Jordan and Gilbert). Stargazing darter. Brown Iowa. 286 p. A common resident of the riffles; collected in moderate FENNEMAN, abundance. N.M. 1938. Physiography ofthe eastern United States. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New p. Ammocrypta vivax Hay. Scaly sand darter. York. 714 This previously unreported species for the Current River FOWLER, was collected CHERYL LYNN.1972. Ichthyofaunal diversifica- in shallow water over silt-free sand bottoms. watershed, Etheostoma (Hay). tion and distribution in the Jane's Creek chlorosomum Bluntnose darter. Randolph County, Arkansas. M.S. thesis, Arkansas State The darter was previously unreported for bluntnose Univ. 42 p. Current River. It inhabits the lower sluggish waters; the only specimens were taken from an oxbow. Etheostoma stigmueum (Jordan). Speckled darter. FRAME, W.S. 1930. Stream gaging in Arkansas from 1857 to Anuncommon inhabitant of quiet pools and backwaters; 1928. Ark. Geological Survey, Little Rock, Arkansas. 141 collected over silt-free bottoms. P. Academy XXVIII, Arkansas of Science Proceedings, Vol. 1974 25 http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol28/iss1/9 25 - Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 28 [1974], Art. 9

Joe F. Green and John K. Beadles

FUNK, J.L. and R.S. CAMPBELL. 1953. The population of MOORE, G.A. 1968. Fishes. In Vertebrates of the United larger fishes in Black River, Missouri, p. 69-82 in The States. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. p. 22-165. Black River Studies. J.L. Funk et al. Univ. Missouri Studies 26(2):1-136. PFLIEGER, W.L. 1968. Checklist of the fishes of Missouri, withkeys for identification. Mo. Dept. Cons. Div. Fish, HALL, LEONARD. 1958. Stars upstream. University of D-J Series No. 3, Sept. 19b7. 64 p. Missouri Press. 252 p. PFLIEGER, W.L. 1971. A distributional study of Missouri HARP, GEORGE L. 1973. Fishes. In Preliminary environ- fishes. Mus. Nat. Hist., Univ. Kansas, Publ. mental inventory of the Myatt Creek basin, Fulton Co., 20(3):225-570. Arkansas, Howell and Oregon Co., Missouri. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Little Rock District, Little Rock, ROB1SON, H.W., and G.L. HARP. 1971. Apreimpoundment Arkansas, p. 14-15, appendix C. limnological study ofthe Strawberry River innortheastern Arkansas. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 25:70-78. HARP, GEORGE L. 1973. Fishes. In Preliminary environ- mental inventory of the Wild Horse basin, Fulton Co., SAUER, CO. 1920. The geography of the Ozark Highland of Arkansas and Howell Co., Missouri. U.S. Army Corps of Missouri. University of Chicago Press. 245 p. Engineers, LittleRock District, Little Rock, Arkansas, p. 13-15, appendix C. SOILCONSERVATION SERVICE. 1971. General soil map, HICKMON, Clay County, Arkansas. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, A.J. 1941. Climate of Arkansas. In Climate and Piggott, Man. Yearbook ofAgriculture. U.S. Dept. ofAgriculture, Arkansas. p. 773-782. SOILCONSERVATION SERVICE. 1971. General soil map, HUBBS, C.L., Randolph County, Arkansas. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, and K.F. LAGLER. 1958. Fishes of the Great Pocahontas, Lakes region. Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor. 113 p. Arkansas.

JACKSON, WILLIAMD. 1972. Ichthyofaunal diversification TAYLOR, W.R. 1969. Revision of the catfish genus Noturus and distribution in a cool-water stream in northcentral Rafinesque, with an analysis of the higher groups in the Arkansas. M.S. thesis, Arkansas State Univ.39 p. Ictaluridae. U.S. Natl. Mus. Bull. 282:315 p.

LARIMORE, Fish population electrofishing R.W. 1961. and TRAUTMAN, success in a warm-water stream. J. Wildlife Management M.B. 1957. The fishes ofOhio. The Ohio State 25(1):1-12. University Press, Columbus. 683 p.

MARTIN, R.G., and R.S. CAMPBELL. 1953. The small Lake, Missouri, U.S. DEPT. OF INTERIOR. 1968. Surface water supply ofthe fishes of Black River and Clearwater p. U.S. 1961-69. Part 7, Vol. I. 45-66 InBlack River Studies. John L. Funk et al. Univ. Missouri Studies 26(2):l-36. WHITE RIVER BASIN COORDINATING COMMITTEE. MEEK, S.E. 1894. Report of investigations respecting the 1968. Comprehensive basin study. White River Basin, fishes of Arkansas conducted during 1891, 1892, and Arkansas and Missouri. Vol. I-VI. 1893, with a synopsis of previous explorations in the same state. Bull. U.S. Fish Comm. 14:67-94.

Academy Proceedings, I, 26 Arkansas of Science Vol. XXV11 1974 Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1974 26-