Device Networking: Introduction, Overwiev, Realization and Outlook WFCS 2006 - Torino Freescale Seminconductor

Harald Kreidl – Senior Staff Engineer

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 1

¾ Added Value of Connectivity ¾ Ethernet & Real-Time Ethernet ¾ Zigbee ¾ UWB ¾ Web Services

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 2

“We are now feeling the first tremors of the most profound technological disruption in Intuition the history of humanity:

networked, embedded intelligence in the most ordinary objects Understanding of the manufactured world”

Knowledge

Awareness Value Offered

Isolation

Extent of Network

*Source: http://harborresearch.com

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 3

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 4

Smart devices* are any manufactured object with computational power and the ability to be networked PDA’s, Phones, PCs, E/M equipment, Info Peripherals, Controllers, Sensors

Connectivity is required for: Added-value features: ¾ Self-controlling ¾ Remote control ¾ Self-optimizing Control of devices in the field via ¾ Self-configuration the Internet or in a LAN (Web Æ Self-aware! Server, Email Client, etc.) Self = automatically, ¾ Remote maintainance without human intervention software update, device configuration ¾ Remote monitoring data collection, diagnostics ¾ Communication security Management security ¾ Web service integration Æ Internet Enabled Devices!

*Source: http://harborresearch.com

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 5

¾ Added Value of Connectivity ¾ Ethernet & Real-Time Ethernet ¾ Zigbee ¾ UWB ¾ Web Services

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 6

Ethernet: Ethernet Value Propositions ¾ IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD Performance ¾10BaseT, 100BaseTX, Gigabit ¾ Internet protocols TCP/IP on top of Ethernet, … Ethernet Implementation ¾ Real-Time Ethernet for Automation ¾MAC implemented on systems processors/controllers ¾PHY at reasonable cost or Æ Pervasive Technology implemented on-chip Feature Set ¾Twisted pair cabling ¾Established infrastructure ¾Ethernet networks are everywhere ¾Inter-operability ¾Ease of use ¾Widely available ¾Scalable

Original picture drawn by Bob Metcalfe, inventor of Ethernet (1972 – Xerox PARC) ¾More secure than wireless

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BDM PLL GPI/O JTAG Microcontroller Implementations: Crypto 4ch 32-bit 10/100 ¾ Single-chip Ethernet 9S12NE64 4ch DMA Phy FEC

Timer DMA (16-bit MCU) and ColdFire (32-Bit) CAN 4ch 16-bit I2C UART ¾ ColdFire up to Fast Ethernet Optional Timer on 32-bit MCU Additional Modules 2ch PIT QSPI UART ¾ Multiple Communication 128KBytes Flash 8/4ch 2x4ch 12-bit ¾ PowerPC up to Gigabit Ethernet on UART 256KBytes PWM ADC high-performance 32-bit processor Flash RTC 32K Æ Ethernet products in all Memory Options SRAM performance and cost ranges V2 System ColdFire® Integration eMAC Core

MCF5223x

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BDM PLL GPI/O JTAG Microcontroller Implementations: 4ch 32-bit I2C 16ch DMA UART ¾ Single-chip Ethernet 9S12NE64 Timer (16-bit MCU) and ColdFire (32-Bit) 10/100 FEC DMA QSPI UART UART Optional Additional Modules ¾ ColdFire up to Fast Ethernet Low Power Management on 32-bit MCU 8K 16K ¾ Multiple Communication I/D SRAM ¾ PowerPC up to Gigabit Ethernet on Cache high-performance 32-bit processor DDR/SDR V2 System SDRAM ® Æ Ethernet products in all ColdFire® Bus Controller EMAC Core Controller & performance and cost ranges Chip Selects MCF5208

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 9

BDM PLL GPI/O JTAG Microcontroller Implementations: 4ch 32-bit PSC PSC CAN ¾ Single-chip Ethernet 9S12NE64 Timer (UxART etc.) (UxART etc.) 2nd 10/100 (16-bit MCU) and ColdFire (32-Bit) PSC CAN 16ch DMA DSPI FEC (UxART etc.) ¾ ColdFire up to Fast Ethernet 10/100 PSC Crypto I2C on 32-bit MCU FEC (UxART etc.) USB ¾ Multiple Communication device 32K 32K 32K Optional ¾ PowerPC up to Gigabit Ethernet on Additional Modules SRAM I-Cache D-Cache high-performance 32-bit processor V4e Æ Ethernet products in all ColdFire® PCI Bus FPU MMU EMAC

Core System SDRAM DDR/SDR Controller Controller performance and cost ranges Controller

MCF548x

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MPC8641D Microcontroller Implementations: e600 core 1MB e600 core 1MB L2 L2 ¾ Single-chip Ethernet 9S12NE64 32KB 32KB (ECC) 32KB 32KB (ECC) D-Cache I-Cache D-Cache I-Cache (16-bit MCU) and ColdFire (32-Bit) MSS MSS ¾ ColdFire up to Fast Ethernet MPX Bus Queue Queue 64b DDR/ 64b DDR/ MPX Coherency on 32-bit MCU Local Bus MPIC DDR2 600 MHz DDR2 600 MHz Module ECC Controller ECC Controller ¾ Multiple Communication

¾ PowerPC up to Gigabit Ethernet on Peripheral Logic Bus high-performance 32-bit processor DMA Perf Mon 16b FIFO 16b FIFO Trace Buffer Æ Ethernet products in all DUART 8b FIFO 8b FIFO 8b FIFO 8b FIFO 2x I2C SRIO performance and cost ranges Timers Gigabit Gigabit Gigabit Gigabit Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet 1x/4x PCI Exp OR PCI Exp x1/2/4/8 x1/2/4/8

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Internet connectivity for industrial controllers, security systems, meters, vending machines, appliances, etc. can now be developed easily and inexpensively.

Added Value of the MCF5223x: • Multiple connections at the same time • Encryption, Authentication • Enhanced protocols (DHCP, SSL...) • Small form factor, low cost

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¾ Added Value of Connectivity ¾ Ethernet & Real-Time Ethernet ¾ Zigbee ¾ UWB ¾ Web Services

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 13

¾ Real-Time systems require real-time communications Æ Industrial automation systems often need deterministic communications! ¾ Safety critical applications

Real-time network

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TCP/IP is not: ¾ Time specific behavior ¾ guaranteed response time ¾ Deterministic behavior Network busy CSMA/CD: Collision

Node 1 Transmit

Node 2 Ready wait Transmit wait Re-Transmit

Node 3 Ready wait Transmit wait Ready wait Transmit

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Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2006. Real-Time Ethernet • Ethernet-based communication which provides real-time capabilities, i.e. • time bound • deterministic

• Examples of real-time Ethernet standards: • Profinet- under development • EtherNet/IP - under development • Ethernet Powerlink (EPL) – defined and in use • EtherCAT • RSVP [IPv4] – best for point to point • … and others

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 16

Application

Object Dictionary (OBD)

SDO Error PDO GOE SIS NVM Handling UDP TCP NMT IP

Powerlink Driver (PLD)

EPL stack Lower Layer Driver (LLD)

Ethernet Controller

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 17

Communication Object Application Interface Dictionary Process Server SDOs

Client SDOs

Logical Device I / O Signals Rx PDOs Addressing Functionality

EPL Network Scheme for -Functions Tx PDOs Accessing Communication -Data Parameters and Process Start-of-Cycle, - Parameters NMT, Asend, Application Emergency, Parameters, Data and Functions TCP/IP, …

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Cycle i Cycle i+1

Isochronous Slot Asnychronous Slot Managing Node (MN) t Controlled Nodes (CN)

• Central bus arbitration through Managing Node (MN)

• Controlled Nodes (CN) must only send when they are allowed to • Collision avoidance on the Ethernet

• Maximum utilization of the Ethernet network bandwidth

• Isochronous - Time-dependent, pronounced eye-sock-ra-nuss • refers to processes where data must be delivered within certain time constraints

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U Router / Bridge PLC C

EPL segment 192.168.100.0

C C C C C C

I/OI/O Drive Drive Drive PLC

M anaging NodeC ontrolled Node U ontrolled Node

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• Powerlink is basically suitable for all applications which are using CANopen today but is adding hard real-time and high data band-width

• Example applications • Measurement and data acquisition • Drive Control • Machine control • Process Control • Conveyor Systems • Trains and Subways • Ship Automation • Medical Systems

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¾ Added Value of Connectivity ¾ Ethernet & Real-Time Ethernet ¾ Zigbee ¾ UWB ¾ Web Services

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 22

Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2006. Wireless Networking Technologies ZigBee Bluetooth UWB Wi-Fi LonWorks Proprietary IEEE IEEE 802.11 Standard IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.15.1 802.15.3a a, b, g (n to be EIA 709.1,2,3 Proprietary (to be ratified) ratified) UWB Forum LonMark Industry ZigBee Alliance Bluetooth SIG & WiMedia Wi-Fi Alliance Interoperabilty N/A Orgs. Alliance Association Medium- Topology Mesh, Star, Tree Star Star Star P2P, Star, Mesh dependent 433/868/900 RF 868/915 MHz 3.1-10.6 GHz 2.4 GHz N/A (wired 2.4 GHz MHz Frequency 2.4 GHz (U.S.) 5.8 GHz technology) 2.4 GHz 110Mbps- 15 Kbps- Data Rate 250 Kbps 723 Kbps 11-105 Mbps 10-250 Kbps 1.6Gbps 10 Mbps Medium Range 10-70 m 10 m 4-20 m 10-100 m 10-70 m Dependent Power Very Low Low Low High Wired Very Low-Low Battery Alkaline Rechargeable Rechargeable Rechargeable Alkaline Operation N/A (Months-Years) (Days-Weeks) (Hours-Days) (Hours) (Months-Years) (Life) Nodes 65,000 8 128 32 32,000 100-1,000

Key strengths Key weaknesses

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Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2006. Technologies for Networks: Zigbee Zigbee: Zigbee Value Propositions ¾ SMAC (Freescale proprietary Addresses the unique needs of most remote monitoring and control network solution) applications ¾ IEEE 802.15.4 (MAC) ¾Infrequent, low rate data ¾ Zigbee Application Layer Enables the broad-based deployment of wireless networks with low cost & low Æ Pervasive Technology power solutions ¾Supports peer-to-peer, star and mesh networks Supports applications with low-power requirements ¾Months to Years of Battery Life Feature Set Provides a business environment that supports deployment of these applications ¾Profiles for Interoperability ¾Reduced Cost of Entry compared with other Wireless standards

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Implementations: ¾ SMAC (Simple MAC) Simple Requires 2.5K code, MCU with high-speed SPI, Point-to-point & Wireless star networks Connectivity ¾ IEEE 802.15.4 Standardized, Encryption, Mesh & clustertree networks ¾ Zigbee compliant platform Routing, recovery, inter-operability, application profiles Æ Zigbee Transceiver S-MAC Æ MCU‘s reduced function device & PHY Layer full function device (router, coordinator MCU RFIC

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Implementations: ¾ SMAC (Simple MAC) 802.15.4 Requires 2.5K code, MCU with high-speed SPI, Point-to-point & Solution star networks ¾ IEEE 802.15.4 Standardized, Encryption, Mesh & clustertree networks ¾ Zigbee compliant platform Routing, recovery, inter-operability, application profiles 802.15.4 MAC Æ Zigbee Transceiver Æ MCU‘s reduced function device & full function device (router, 802.15.4 PHY coordinator MCU RFIC

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 26

Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2006. Zigbee: Zigbee Implementation Implementations: ZigBee ¾ SMAC (Simple MAC) Requires 2.5K code, MCU with high-speed SPI, Point-to-point & star networks P31 … P1 ZDO ¾ IEEE 802.15.4 Standardized, Encryption, Mesh & clustertree networks APS ¾ Zigbee compliant platform ZigBee NWK Routing, recovery, inter-operability, application profiles 802.15.4 MAC Æ Zigbee Transceiver Æ MCU‘s reduced function device & 802.15.4 PHY full function device (router, coordinator MCU RFIC

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 27

CONSUMER BUILDING ELECTRONICS AUTOMATION Remote Control PC & PERIPHERALS Security, HVAC, Toys AMR, Set Top Boxes Mouse, Keyboard, Lighting Control, Joystick Access Control

RESIDENTIAL/ LIGHT COMMERCIAL CONTROL INDUSTRIAL CONTROL Security, HVAC, Lighting Control, PERSONAL Asset Mgt, HEALTH CARE Access Control Process Control, Energy Mgt Patient monitoring Institutional Care Fitness Equipment

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Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2006. Home Automation • Applications are targeted toward convenience, energy management and whole home connectivity. • Lighting • On/off, dim (load control) • Home Control Lighting Profile approved as part of 1.0 specification • Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning (HVAC) • Thermostats, temperature sensors, etc. • Security/Access Control • Door, window and motion sensors, entry monitoring, smoke detectors, etc.

• ZigBee provides for integration of multiple systems (lighting, HVAC and security) that are separate today. • Home Automation Profile • Gateway for control while outside the home • 6% of homes have some type of HA system • 20% of homes have a network • 20% of homes are interested in purchasing a HA system

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• Applications are targeted toward reducing Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) in areas such as energy cost. •Lighting • On/off, occupancy detection • Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning (HVAC) • Thermostats, temperature sensors, etc. • Security/Access Control • Door, window and motion sensors, entry monitoring, fire detectors, etc. • Automated Meter Reading (AMR) • Strong interest within alliance on AMR.

• Gateways/Bridges provide integration of multiple systems

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• Applications are targeted toward reducing cost in areas such as manufacturing • Process Control • Monitoring of manufacturing flow and material handling • throughput, container volume and pressure, etc. • shock & vibe, bottlenecks, etc. • Profile for Industrial Process Control is being actively worked within Alliance • Energy Management • Lighting and HVAC control • Asset Management • Monitoring/location of assets

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• Hospital - Long-Term/Non-Acute • Networked wireless devices to maximize patient monitoring by reducing nurse to patient ratio • Wireless devices include EKG, blood pressure, pulse oximetry, capnometry, infusion pumps and spirometry

• Patient Monitoring - Home Care • Telemetry for off-site diagnosis by collecting data of glucose levels, blood pressure, heart rate, etc. while patients are recovering at home

• Fitness • Heart rate monitors for athletes

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Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2006. RD3152MMA7260Q: ZigBee Sensing Triple Axis Reference Design (ZSTAR) RD3152MMA7260Q Features: Provides robust wireless communication using the powerful, easy-to-use 2.4GHz frequency MC13191 transceiver.

System Features: ¾ Consumer and industrial wireless sensing applications ¾ Demo Modules for 6 sensing functions - Fall, Tilt, Motion, Positioning, Shock and Vibration - for multifunctional applications.

Hardware Features: ¾ Pin to pin compatible with MC13192 and MC13193 allowing implementation of ZigBee applications. ¾ MC68HC908JW32 (USB 2.0 Full Speed) and MC9S08QG8

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 33

Industrial or Commercial Monitoring / Security Applications

Hub / Router

ZigBee Node ZigBee/Ethernet bridge

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 34

Industrial or Commercial Monitoring / Security Applications

Router

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¾ Added Value of Connectivity ¾ Ethernet & Real-Time Ethernet ¾ Zigbee ¾ UWB ¾ Web Services

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 36

• Wireless, personal area network technology • High bandwidth, scaling to multi-Gbps data rates

Power Spectral Density PCS dBm/MHz 900 MHz 802.11a Cordless HyperLAN1/2 Phones

−41 dBm/MHz

123456789

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 37

Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product UWB or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2006.

Frequency (GHz) UWB: Filling the Wireless Gap

WPAN

Higher Lowest Power Entertainment/ Uncompressed Performance Lowest Cost PC Video Mobile Digital camera, Digital video Surround sound, Wireless HDMI, camera phone camcorder, media portable hard drive Wireless DVI player

• Bluetooth™ has low power, low cost but doesn’t deliver high data rates • WiFi delivers range and moderate data rate, but not low power or high rates • UWB is uniquely able to meet the WPAN handheld/consumer wireless connectivity requirements

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 38

WPAN UWB

Data WLAN DVB-H Rate WiFi WMAN WiMAX

UMTS/HSDPA ZigBee™

Distance

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 39

UWB: UWB Value Propositions ¾ Only solution that easily scales to multi-Gbps ¾ Greater Range (20-25 meters) ¾ Only production chipset available ¾ Robust streaming standard and high 110 Mbps & 500 Mbps today definition video 1+ Gbps 2006+ ¾ UWB modules available now ¾ VoIP utilizing UWB ¾ Regulatory & standards firsts ¾ Entertainment Applications Only CE UWB solution with FCC approval! Surround sound for home Only 1394 TA ratified UWB PAL entertainment ¾ Industry momentum ¾ Lower Power Consumption for Mobile UWB Forum over 100 members Applications China UWB Forum over 60 members Cell phones Korea UWB Forum over 40 members Media players Most CE OEM’s are engaged with DS- UWB ¾ High Quality of Service Æ Pervasive Technology ¾ Data Rates scaling to multi-Gbits (Multi-access performance & throughput) Portable hard drives Media servers Wireless docking stations

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Implementations: ¾ XS110 Ultra-Wideband solution commercially available ¾ Next-generation 600/1000 Mbps chip families in 2006/2007 ¾ Compatible with IEEE 802.15.3 MAC XS110 Chipset ¾ Peer to peer as well as ad hoc Available Now networking ¾ Sophisticated power management tools for extended battery life ¾ Capable of miniPCI, CF, SDIO form factors

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 41

Wireless Docking Station Application PC or DVD/RG

Smartphone Application

Wireless docking station application enabled by high speed DS-UWB

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 42

Kids’ room Cluster Home Office Cluster

Backbone of Coax, Power Line, 802.11n USB Cluster 1394 Home Entertainment Cluster

Broadband WAN

• No wired solution can deliver freedom from jacks and wiring • No wireless has ever delivered whole house coverage for all content • A systems approach combining wired & wireless is the solution

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 43

• Connect between sources and displays • Available Now— Freescale XS110 • Data rate 110 Mbps • Range: 15 meters HD 25 meters SD • Price point $20 • New reference design •PALs& Drivers • TCP/IP PAL (now) • 1394 PAL (now) • USB 2.0 PAL (2Q05) • Being applied to both SD and HD • Good range performance • Much lower compression for better picture • Very low latency for good control

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Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2006. • Application to mobile devices • Smartphone/PDA, MP3, DSC Mobile Device Applications • DVC, Media Player, Storage, display • File transfer and streaming Low Power Use Cases • Requirements • Mobile device storage sizes • Flash 5, 32, 512, 2048 … MB Images from MP3 titles to • HD 2, 4, …, 60+ GB camera to music player • Range is near device or display (< 5m) storage/network • User requires file transfer time < 10 sec • DV format is 30 Mbps, MPEG is 12-20 w/ QoS

Low Power & High Data Rate Use

MPEG4 movie or GPS maps (512 MB) to Exchange your player music & data

Mount portable HD Print from handheld

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Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2006. Applications Mobile Device Streaming • Digital video camcorder (DVC) • Smartphone/PDS, Media player Use Cases Requirements • Range is in view of display (< 5m) • DV Format 30 Mbps with QoS • MPEG 2 at 12-20Mbps • Power budget < 500 mW Stream DV or MPEG DS-UWB is just a shift register

Channel surf and Stream presentation PIP to handheld from Smartphone/PDA to projector

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TCP/UDP/IP TCP/UDP/IP 1394 Apps Apps Apps • DS-UWB 802.15.3 PAL TCP/IP Stack TCP/IP Stack already ratified by the 1394 TA Wireless Working Group TCP/IP TCP/IP 1394 PAL Ethernet Over USB • Ethernet and USB PAL’s to PAL PAL be standardized by the UWB Forum 802.15.3 MAC

DS-UWB PHY

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¾ Added Value of Connectivity ¾ Ethernet & Real-Time Ethernet ¾ Zigbee ¾ UWB ¾ Web Services

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 48

Email, Instant Messaging, Web Browser

Web Services

Index.html

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 49

9S12NE64

EMAC EPHY

Center

Control

Dave’s Motorola TCP/IP Electronic Control System

HTTP with TCP/IP Slow but Start connection Java/ActiveX embedded Standard with Web Browser in HTML Software

UDP: Java/ActiveX is - Data exchange Fast executed andSets up - Authentication “Real Time” connection via UDP -Encryption Efficient

WFCS 2006 – Torino Device Networking Slide 50

I , UDD SOAP y L log XM hno Tec HTML TP /IP, F TCP Connectivity Data Presentation Application Fi les, E -mail W In eb Pa novati ges on B Data row Serv se ices the We W b eb S B ervi E row ces nterp se d ris the ata e, exchan B2B P ge rog t ram he W eb

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• Language Independence • CORBA, Java RMI etc are dependent upon specific language(s) • Use of XML makes Web Services language independent • Platform/Vendor Independence • Alternative SOA systems are proprietary or tied to a particular vendor: DCOM, ActiveX, OPC • Web Services are based on open standards • Extensibility • Web Services are easily adapted to different transport services • Relatively easy to “port” to new platforms • Internet Friendly • “Internet era” technology designed to be firewall friendly • Binary data representations are hard to bridge or tunnel

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• Web Services technology advantages • Enables access to any type of service… • …on any type of transport • …on any type of network device • …using any type of programming language • All based on existing open web-based standards • XML 1.0 for data and message encoding • SOAP 1.1 for message protocol • WSDL 1.1 for service description

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• Interoperable with industry service platforms • .NET Interoperability (SOAP Web Services) • Follow WS-I Basic Profile (WSDL 1.0, SOAP 1.1, XML, HTTP, HTTPS) • Built for embedded systems • Resource requirement kept to a minimum • Native C/C++ development • Support for Java clients and services • Provide tools for code generation from WSDL

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