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Scientific Publications and World University Rankings Scientific Publications and World University Rankings : Focus on Bibliometric Indicators at Institution (Hokkaido Title University) and Department (Dental Medicine) Levels Author(s) Gautam, Pitambar Citation 北海道歯学雑誌, 38(1), 2-15 Issue Date 2017-09 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67288 Type article File Information 38_01_01_Gautam.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Hokkaido J. Dent. Sci., 38：2 ─ 15，2017． 特 集 研究論文業績と世界大学ランキング：機関（北海道大学）と 構成部局（歯学）の計量書誌学的指標を中心に Scientific Publications and World University Rankings : Focus on Bibliometric Indicators at Institution (Hokkaido University) and Department (Dental Medicine) Levels 北海道大学 創成研究機構 Gautam Pitambar ABSTRACT : This paper gives a brief overview of the scientific publications related to Hokkaido University (HU) in general and its Graduate School/Faculty/School of Dental Medicine (HU-DENT) in particular. It focuses on the bibliometric analysis of the peer-reviewed scientific publications (articles and reviews in journals with journal impact factor, almost exclusively in English) covering a 10-yrs period (2006-2015). The bibliographic data and citation impact indicators were extracted respectively from the Web of Science (WoS) core collections and InCites managed formerly by Thomson Reuters but now by Clarivate Analytics. Several research performance indicators (number of papers, percent share relative to the world, average citation per paper, category normalized citation impact (CNCI), percent papers belonging to top 10% by citation, and international co-authorship) using various disciplinary schemes (ESI22, WoS 251, KAKEN-L3) both at the university and department (HU-DENT) levels are used to assess the research output and impact and to identify major international collaborators, the effect of collaboration on citation impact, and so on. The use of science mapping to visualize the words, authors, subject areas, journals etc. relationships is illustrated by some concrete examples related to HU-DENT. In view of the close connections between bibliometric and university ranking indicators, a brief description of the aspects of world university rankings is also given with emphasis on the differences in the QS and THE World University Rankings. The latest rankings data are used to benchmark the Japanese Research Universities RU11 aiming at positioning Hokkaido University among them. Key Words : bibliometry, citation, dental medicine, research performance, science map, rankings Massachusetts Agricultural College in the US, the spirit 1. Introduction of field-research and internationalization are embedded in There is a general consensus today that most its faculty and students. Some factual data related to HU comprehensive universities have 3 important missions as of May 1, 2015 are as follows : 11,727 undergraduate : education, research and community engagement (i.e., students, 5,941 graduate students, 200 research students commercialization-related collaborations with the business and auditors, 3,897 staff (ca. 60% of them being engaged sector, regional societal contributions, etc.). Hokkaido in teaching and research), 2 campuses in Sapporo and University (HU, hereafter), one of the top national seven Hakodate, the latter being specialized in the fisheries universities in Japan, is a comprehensive university sciences (Source : Hokkaido University Guidebook 2015- dedicated to all these missions. Since its foundation in 2016). HU is a research-intensive university that currently 1876 as the Sapporo Agricultural College, whose first produces ca. 3,200 articles and reviews each year, indexed principal was Dr William S Clark, President of the in the Web of Science (WoS) (http://apps.webofknowledge. Creative Research Institution, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan ｜2｜ 研究論文業績と世界大学ランキング : 機関（北海道大学）と構成部局（歯学）の計量書誌学的指標を中心に 3 com/) core collections, covering a wide range of execution of large-scale projects ; and (iii) the increasing academic fields in natural sciences, engineering, medicine, influence on the higher education landscape of the social sciences, arts and humanities (Fig. 1). In fact, the university rankings leading to the need of thorough post-1990 accelerated growth in the number of scientific analysis of the research output, research and education publications, most probably owing to prioritization of the environment, and research outcome that influence the postgraduate education and various other reforms leading position of one’s institution in the university rankings, to the enhancement in research performance, seems to performed at global, regional and even national levels. have reached saturation by 2004 that coincides with the This paper comprises 3 sections : 1) A short bibliometric year the national universities acquired the status of a analysis of the core journal publications of HU during the corporation. Similar trend is largely valid also for several recent 10-yrs period (2006-2015) ; 2) Analysis of scientific major national universities. In the author’s observation, publications (2006-2015) of the Graduate School/Faculty/ one of the peculiarities of HU is the active engagement School of Dental Medicine (HU-DENT, hereafter), and ; of its researchers and graduate students in field-based 3) Benchmarking of the Japanese research universities research (e.g., biodiversity, geoscience, environment, etc. forming the RU11 consortium in terms of the weighted in remote tropical forests, mountain regions, polar regions scores of indicators used by Times Higher Education and so on) throughout the globe, and therefore, the (THE) and Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) world university formation of a vast international network for research rankings in order to show the relative position of collaborations and mutual exchange. Hokkaido University. Analysis of the research performance of universities Before moving to the individual sections, mentioned is becoming increasingly important in recent years. As above, a brief description of the bibliometric indicators stated by Moed (2016) and references therein, this can used in this paper will be given. This study deals be attributed to various reasons, such as (i) demand primarily with the articles and reviews indexed in WoS from the governments or related agencies for indicators core collections, in terms of the publication volume, that enable to measure the effectiveness and efficiency citations - as the measures of the influence or impact (as of the research supported through grants, use them to a proxy of quality) of published research as judged by the systematically evaluate for optimizing their research peer researchers, in the respective fields, by citing them allocations, re-orient their research support, rationalize in their own research papers, and collaboration (based research organizations, restructure research in particular on the authorship in papers). The scientific publications fields, or augment research productivity ; (ii) necessity for the period 2006-2015 were subjected to analysis for of having data on research output in order to set goals the following bibliometric indicators using 3 different in terms of often numerical key performance indicators disciplinary schemes (ESI 22 field, WoS251 Subject in relation with effective strategic planning as well as Categories, and KAKEN-L3 66 Categories) available in WoS and/or InCites (http://ip-science.thomsonreuters.jp/ products/incites/). (i) Number of documents in each discipline, Ndoc. It is the indicator of the production of scientific publications by discipline (field or category) during the period concerned. In general, the whole counting method, by which each entity (country, institution) participating in the production of a document gets full credit (i.e., 1), has been used. In the case of KAKEN-L3 scheme related to HU-DENT, fractional counting (each category forming a part of n categories assigned to an article gets a credit of 1/ Fig. 1 Annual variation of the scientific publications, from n) is also used. As the publishing practices vary with Hokkaido University, indexed in the Web of Science discipline/category (e.g., researchers in chemistry database. Data source : InCites managed by Clarivate publish far more papers in average than those in Analytics, accessed 2016. 11. 30. mathematics), this number may not be used for ｜3｜ 4 Gautam Pitambar direct comparison of performance across disciplines. searching for “OG= Hokkaido University” as Organization- (ii) Percent disciplinary share, % share = 100*Ndoc/n enhanced in “advanced search”, as well as “Hokkaido (%). It indicates the relative share of each discipline Univ” in address in “basic search” modes ; (ii) Combining out of the total scientific publications (n). if n is the them and restricting to “article”, “article, proceeding global total of publications in a particular field, the paper” and “review” ; (iii) Downloading the combined calculated value is the so-called world share. dataset comprising the bibliographic records of all articles (iii) Number of papers, in each discipline, with citation as WoS text files into Excel spreadsheet, and confirming percentile equal or below 10, NTop10. It is derived the affinity to HU through “author address” or “reprint using the value of citation percentile (0-100) for each address” or “e-mail address” of each article, and deleting document in InCites. those not related to HU. This procedure yielded a total (iv) Percentage of top 10% papers, PPTop10 =100*NTop10/ of
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