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Animal Information Natural Treasures Mammals 1 Animal Information Natural Treasures Mammals Table of Contents Black-headed Spider Monkey……………………………………………………………………2 Central American Spider Monkey …………………………………………………………….5 Black-footed Cat……………………………………………………………………….……………..7 Kinkajou………………………………………………………………….……………………………....9 Striped Skunk………………………………………………………………………………………….11 Goeldi’s Monkey………………………………………………………………….………………….13 Cotton-top Tamarin…………………………………………………………………………………15 Six-banded Armadillo………………………………………………………………………………17 Linne’s Two-toed Sloth…………………………………………………………………………….19 Black-headed Spider Monkey 2 Ateles fusciceps rufiventris John Ball Zoo Habitat – Spider Monkey Island Originally constructed in 1950. This exhibit was redone in 2009 for the spider monkeys. The tree like structures provide a more natural environment than the previous gunite mountain. Individual Animals 5 Spider Monkeys o 4 Females and 1 Male Life Expectancy Average at AZA institutions: 24.4 years Oldest recorded at AZA institutions: 54.6 years Average life span in wild: 22-24 years Statistics Weight – 20 pounds. Length – Tail length: 28-34 inches; Body length: 16-22 inches. Diet – Omnivore Wild – Ripe fruit, leaves, nuts, seeds, insects and sometimes eggs. Zoo – Primate biscuits, mix of fruits and veggies, and other items for enrichment Predators Humans – Spider monkeys are desirable for their meat although it is prohibited to hunt them. Habitat Rainforests. Spending most of their time in the upper branches. Region Central America to northern South America Reproduction Sexually mature around 3-4 years Behavior, scents, and visual signals show signs they are ready to mate. The estrous cycle is 26 days and females will usually associate with a male for up to three days, with mating lasting between 5 to 10 minutes. Gestation period of 7-8 months. Typically one offspring at a time, cared for by mother until weaned at 20 months. Black-headed Spider Monkey 3 Ateles fusciceps rufiventris Adaptations Long prehensile tails that act as a fifth limb to help them swing through branches of trees. The shape of their skull is formed so the monkey’s eyes are facing directly forward, this gives their vision precise gaging of branches and limbs as they swiftly swing through the forest canopy. Their hands are formed for climbing, they only have four fingers and lack a thumb. This increases their strength and grip. Behavior – Diurnal (active during the day, sleep at night) Foragers Associate in loose groups of about 20-30 individuals, but it is rare to find them gathered in one place. Individuals drift between subgroups of varying sizes. Move through the forest using both their hands and feet to swing between trees, and walk in an upright position along branches Can leap in excess of 9 meters (30 ft.) from branch to branch Conservation Concerns Deforestation of their habitat is the main reason of population decline. Pet/meat trade is also a concern but more research needs to be done to understand the extent this impacts the population. Conservation Ask Be mindful of wildlife and the environment as you make every day purchasing decisions. o Action – When you make purchases, support green companies/eco-labels . Look for theses Eco-labels: Fair Trade, Rainforest Alliance, Forest Stewardship Council, & Sustainable Palm Oil Black-headed Spider Monkey 4 Ateles fusciceps rufiventris Individual Animal Information Name: Becka (Female) Born: November 6, 1993 At Potter Park Zoological Gardens Arrived: August 6, 1998 From Potter Park Zoological Gardens Physical Description: Largest member of the group Name: Indy (Male) Born: July 5, 1992 At Maryland Zoo in Baltimore Arrived: November 5, 1999 From Maryland Zoo in Baltimore Physical Description: As he is the only male it is easy to identify him Name: Hershey (Female) Born: January 27, 1996 At Henson Robinson Zoo Arrived: November 4, 1997 From Henson Robinson Zoo Physical Description: Hair is typically pushed forward Name: Pink (Female) Born: June 17, 2005 At John Ball Zoo Physical Description: Has a pink toe and a faux hawk Name: Casey (Female) Born: August 4, 2005 At John Ball Zoo Physical Description: Smallest and youngest of the group Central American Spider Monkey Ateles geoffroyi 5 John Ball Zoo Habitat – Spider Monkey Island Originally constructed in 1950. This exhibit was redone in 2009 for the spider monkeys. The tree like structures provide a more natural environment than the previous gunite mountain. Individual Animals – 3 Females (Not on site yet) Life Expectancy Data deficient Statistics Weight – 13-19 pounds. Length – Tail length: 2-2.8 feet; Body length: 1-2 feet. Males tend to be larger than females Diet – Omnivore (frugivore) Wild – Ripe fruit, leaves, flowers, nuts, seeds, insects, arachnids, and eggs. Predators Humans – source of food for many Central and South American peoples. Habitat Rainforest and montane forest Region Found along both coasts of Mexico from Tamaulipas in the northeast and Jalisco in the west south to northwestern Colombia. Reproduction Sexually mature around 4-5 years. The estrous cycle is 24-27 days. Mating is restricted to a 2-3 day time period. Gestation period of 226-232 days. Typically one offspring at a time. Young are normally dependent on their mothers for three years. Adaptations Long prehensile tails that act as a fifth limb to help them swing through branches of trees. Often seen hanging by one limb or by the tail. The shape of their skull is formed so the monkey’s eyes are facing directly forward, this gives their vision precise gaging of branches and limbs as they swiftly swing through the forest canopy. Their hands are formed for climbing, they only have four fingers and lack a thumb. This increases their strength and grip. Central American Spider Monkey Ateles geoffroyi 6 Behavior – Diurnal (active during the day, sleep at night) Social Arboreal Foragers They "bark" when threatened and often throw branches, jump up and down, and shake tree limbs when approached by humans. They emit a sound similar to a whinny when they are separated from one another. Habitat loss, pet trafficking, and hunting in some regions. Conservation Ask Be mindful of wildlife and the environment as you make every day purchasing decisions. o Action – When you make purchases, support green companies/eco-labels . Look for theses Eco-labels: Fair Trade, Rainforest Alliance, Forest Stewardship Council, & Sustainable Palm Oil Black-footed Cat 7 Felis nigripes John Ball Zoo Habitat – Located in the Natural Treasures Building with outdoor access. Individual Animals – 1 Male Oscar – Male o Born May 11, 2006 . Omaha’s Henry Doorly Zoo o Arrived October 04, 2007 . From Omaha’s Henry Doorly Zoo Life Expectancy Under Managed Care: Up to 15.6 years There is little known about life expectancy in the wild, but there are records showing some individuals living up to 13 years Statistics Weight – 2.2-5.3 pounds Length o Body: 13.7-19.3 inches o Tail: 3-7.8 inches Males tend to be larger than females Smallest of the African Cat species Diet – Carnivore Wild – 98% mammals and birds; 2% amphibians, reptiles, and invertebrates. Zoo – Feline (Ground whole animal), mice, chicks, and small rats. o 2 feedings a day Predators Little is known about predation on this species. Unlike many felids, human predation on these cats is relatively rare. Habitat Savannas and dry grasslands Region Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa, as well as small parts of Angola, Zimbabwe, and possible Lesotho. Black-footed Cat Felis nigripes 8 Reproduction – Polygynous (having more than 1 female as a mate) Females become mature at 14-21 months old Prior to mating, a female’s urine-spraying increases to advertise her readiness to the local male. Mating occurs in August and September Gestation takes 59-68 days. Females give birth in underground dens to 1-3 offspring in November to December Young begin to venture out of their den at 3 weeks old and are fully weaned at about 6 weeks old, when they can begin to catch their own prey. Adaptations These cats have a broad skull with large, rounded ears, which provide enhanced hearing in an area with scarce prey. Low-set ears are often completely flattened, an adaptation to hunting in areas with little cover. They are protected from the hot sand by hair on the black soles of the feet. Behavior – Nocturnal Deadliest cat with a 60% success rate while hunting Conservation Concerns Loss of key resources, both den sites and prey Conservation Ask Support Global and Local Conservation Programs o Donate time/money to the zoo o Become a member, return visit, make purchase . John Ball Zoo participate in the Black-footed cat Species Survival Plan. Oscar’s offspring has gone on to sire offspring of their own. Kinkajou Potos flavus 9 John Ball Zoo Habitat – Located in the Natural Treasures Building Individual Animals – 1 Male, 1 Female Male – Papa (Retired. He is behind the scenes in the South America building) o Birth: Unknown o Arrived July 08, 1994 . From Gladys Porter Zoo o Approx. Weight: 6-7lbs Female – Alice (daughter of Papa) . Born at John Ball Zoo On February 06, 2001 o Approx. Weight: 8-10lbs Life Expectancy Average at AZA institutions: 26 years Oldest recorded at AZA institutions: 40.5 years Little is known about the average life span in the wild, but evidence suggest it is not uncommon for Kinkajous to live beyond 20 years. Statistics Weight – 4.4-10lbs. Length – Up to 32 inches Diet – Frugivore Wild – Ripe fruit, mainly figs due to their year-round abundance. Nectar, flowers, and some insects. o Kinkajous are active seed dispersers and possibly pollinators as well. Zoo – Fruit, mixed veggie, primate biscuits. Predators Raptors like Isidor's eagles and Harpy eagles, also jaguars, and primarily humans. Habitat Tropical regions A variety of forest habitats Region From southern Tamaulipas, Mexico to southern Brazil Kinkajou 10 Potos flavus Reproduction – Polygamous Sexually mature by age 2. Females are in estrous for 17 days Breeding occurs year-round Gestation period of 98-120 days.
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