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Sino-Indian Relation Is Underway Positive Sino-Indian Relation is Underway By Anita Tang December 27, 2018 China’s 1.417 billion and India’s 1.361 billion population make up 60.87% of the 51 countries-and-regions-strong 4.564 billion Asian population. Since China’s reform and opening up 40 years ago, the country has grown to become the world’s second largest economy. India is emerging quickly onto the world stage – it is a vigorous growing power in terms of economic strength, population boom, and soft power expansion. Close Sino-Indian bilateral ties can be beneficial to the region and the world, and a step closer to realizing an Asian Century. This white paper takes stock of the improving Sino-Indian relations and takes notice of commercial areas where the two countries can work closely together to create even bigger impacts. © 2018 Royal Roots Global Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 Improving Top-level Ties The numerous top-level meetings in 2018 between Chinese and Indian officials indicate that Sino-Indian relations are back on track after 2017’s tense 73-day-long border standoff in Doklam/Donglang. President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Narendra Modi met four times in 2018: on the sidelines of the G-20 summit in Argentina in December and the BRICS summit in Johannesburg in July, on the margins of the regional Shanghai Cooperation Organization meet in Qingdao, China, in June, and a series of one-on-one informal interactions at the Wuhan Summit in China in April. At the December G-20 summit, President Xi and Prime Minister Modi discussed joint efforts to further enhance mutual trust and friendship between the two neighbors. Prime Minister Modi indicated after his meeting with President Xi at the G-20 summit1: “Today’s meeting will be important in providing a direction in terms of strengthening our relations.” He later tweeted: “Had a wonderful meeting with President Xi Jinping on the sidelines of the G-20 Summit in Argentina. The talks revolved around a wide range of bilateral and global subjects. Our regular interactions have added significant strength to India-China ties." In the meeting, President Xi referred to enhanced imports of rice and sugar from India. He also expressed the hope that India would import more agricultural products from China. The president also indicated greater trade between the two nations in the pharmaceutical sector. Closer Military Exchange Also mentioned at the G-20 summit in Argentina by the two leaders was that they welcomed the visit of the Chinese defense minister, of the holding of the counter-terrorism military exercise the week after, and the recently concluded special representative talks. 1 “Perceptible improvement in India-China relations, say Modi and Xi on G20 sidelines,” India Today, December 1, 2018, https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/perceptible-improvement-in-india-china-relations-say-modi-and-xi- on-g20-sidelines-1400086-2018-12-01 © 2018 Royal Roots Global Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2 India’s Foreign Secretary Vijay Gokhale indicated that following the Wuhan summit in April, “both leaders (said) that there had been a positive improvement in border management along the India-China border areas.” Just 18 months ago, the nations’ militaries were eyeing one another across contested territory near Bhutan, but relationship improved a great deal this year; on December 22, the two nations concluded a 12-day joint anti-terrorism training drill in Sichuan, China. Code-named “Hand-in-Hand 2018,” the joint training has been the seventh joint anti- terrorism training between the Chinese and Indian armed forces since 2007. The last exercise of this 2018 drill was a joint operation in the setting of an urban neighborhood and included a hostage rescue. China’s Xinhua Agency quoted a comment by Major General Li Shizhong, a senior representative of the Chinese People's Liberation Army: “The joint training has not only upgraded combat capabilities but also enhanced mutual understanding and friendship CC0 license. Source: pixabay.com between Chinese and Indian officers and soldiers.”2 India Expanding its Soft Power Bollywood When talking about Bollywood, I immediately associate it with youthfulness, energy, music, singing and dancing. Bollywood is the Indian Hindi-language film industry based in the city of Mumbai, India. In fact, most of the films produced in India are in Hindi or English – English to ensure that they have export markets. In 2017, India was the largest producer of films in terms of quantity.3 2 “China, India conclude joint anti-terrorism drill,” Xinhua, December 24, 2018, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1133324.shtml 3 “Largest Film Industries in the World,” Worldatlas, https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/largest-film-industries- in-the-world.html, “Bollywood,” Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bollywood © 2018 Royal Roots Global Inc. All Rights Reserved. 3 Perhaps the biggest influence of Bollywood has been on nationalism in India itself; along with the rest of Indian cinema, it has become part and parcel of the “Indian story.” In the words of the economist and Bollywood biographer, Lord Meghnad Desai: “In India, Bollywood is often associated with India's national identity.”4 When South Korea exported its entertainment industry overseas, including films, TV series, music and dance, it also led to a boom in its culture and fashion industry overseas. But such South Korea soft power is mostly exported to other Asian countries and regions. Bollywood, however, has been a prominent form of soft power for India to many parts of the world, increasing its influence overseas, as well as changing overseas perceptions of India. Indian film director R. Balki told South China Morning Post in a December 2018 interview conducted in Beijing’s Forbidden City that Indian movies often pack a powerful emotional punch and appeal to Chinese audiences. “The culture of India and China is similar in a lot of ways,” he says. “The emotions of Indians and Chinese are similar. They connect with the Indian characters.”5 Bollywood cinema has been very successful in China. “Dangal,” premiered in China in April 2017, chalked up some RMB 1.3 billion in ticket sales. Just to name a few Indian films played in China in 2018 with their respective ticket sales to indicate their popularity there: “Secret Superstar,” January – over RMB 700 million (60% of the film’s global box office) “Bajrangi Bhaijann,” March – RMB 283 million 4 “Bollywood cinema: 10 lesser-known facts,” Lord Meghnad Desai, BBC News, May 5, 2013, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-22335309 5 “Why Indian films like Dangal and Toilet are so popular in China: similar problems,” Elaine Yau, South China Morning Post, December 11, 2018, https://www.scmp.com/culture/film-tv/article/2177193/why-indian-films- dangal-and-toilet-are-so-popular-china-similar © 2018 Royal Roots Global Inc. All Rights Reserved. 4 “Hindi Medium,” April – RMB 208 million Another film that came to mind is “Kung Fu Yoga.” Originally a Sino-Indian co- production, the film ended up a production by two Chinese studios as the Indian partner eventually pulled out. This Jackie Chan-starred film was released during the Spring Festival holidays in China in 2017, making it Jackie Chan’s highest-grossing film in China. It was also the highest-grossing comedy film in China until it was overtaken by “Never Say Die” (2017).6 However, the film failed to impress Indian moviegoers and critics. A February 6, 2017, Forbes article noted: “By common consent, its story is a mangled mess.”7 Anupama Chopra, an Indian film critic, rated the movie as 1 of out a scale of 5 (5 being the highest rating)8: “This is the first movie made under the India-China co-production treaty. And I have to admit, it must have sounded good on paper. Take one of the biggest action stars in the world – Jackie Chan. Throw in some nubile Indian beauties and Indian locations, mix in a plot about lost treasure, add exactly two and a half lines about yoga, and you have a mashup that sells in two markets. “It doesn’t quite work out that way.” It appeared that Chinese and Indian moviegoers have very different tastes. Yoga and Ayurveda Noting that yoga was an ancient Indian tradition, and that the practice can unite mind and body, thought and action, people and nature, Indian Prime Minister Modi proposed the idea to the U.N. General Assembly in 2015 for an International Day of Yoga, and that year the United Nations declared June 21 the International Day of Yoga. 6 “Kung Fu Yoga,” Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kung_Fu_Yoga 7 “Why Indian-Chinese Venture 'Kung Fu Yoga' Failed To Impress Bollywood,” Suparna Butt D’Cunha, Forbes, February 6, 2017, https://www.forbes.com/sites/suparnadutt/2017/02/06/why-indian-chinese-venture-kung-fu- yoga-failed-to-impress-bollywood/#27ab81883758 8 “A mangled mess: Kung Fu Yoga review by Anupama Chopra,” Hindustran Times, February 3, 2017, https://www.hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/a-mangled-mess-kung-fu-yoga-review-by-anupama- chopra/story-FXMOy1y3diMYRANdnr8o1N.html © 2018 Royal Roots Global Inc. All Rights Reserved. 5 Marking the fourth International Day of Yoga, Prime Minister Modi led a yoga exercise on June 21, 2018, with some 50,000 people. It was estimated that people in more than 180 countries did the breathing and movement exercise on that day. Independent noted in its June 21, 2018, report9: “Estimated to have originated in India some 5,000 years ago, yoga has ballooned into a £60-billion lifestyle industry with teachers, followers and commercial enterprises linked to the discipline around the world. “Prime Minister Modi has utilized yoga in promoting his vision of India as a predominantly Hindu nation.
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