Palaeontological Assessment of the Proposed Yzermyn Underground Coal Mine, Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province

Palaeontological Impact Assessment

Project Number: KNE2940

Prepared for: EcoPartners / Kara Nawa Environmental Solutions

July 2014

______Digby Wells and Associates (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd (Subsidiary of Digby Wells & Associates (Pty) Ltd). Co. Reg. No. 2010/008577/07. Fern Isle, Section 10, 359 Pretoria Ave Randburg Private Bag X10046, Randburg, 2125, South Africa Tel: +27 11 789 9495, Fax: +27 11 789 9498, [email protected], www.digbywells.com ______Directors: A Sing*, AR Wilke, DJ Otto, GB Beringer, LF Koeslag, AJ Reynolds (Chairman) (British)*, J Leaver*, GE Trusler (C.E.O) *Non-Executive ______

This document has been prepared by Digby Wells Environmental.

Palaeontological Impact Assessment Report Type:

Palaeontological Assessment of the Proposed Yzermyn Project Name: Underground Coal Mine, Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province

KNE2940 Project Code:

Name Responsibility Signature Date

Marion Bamford Specialist July 2014

Justin du Piesanie Project Manager July 2014

This report is provided solely for the purposes set out in it and may not, in whole or in part, be used for any other purpose without Digby Wells Environmental prior written consent.

Digby Wells Environmental i

Palaeontological Impact Assessment

Palaeontological Assessment of the Proposed Yzermyn Underground Coal Mine, Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province KNE2940

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Introduction ...... 1

1.1 Project Description ...... 1 1.2 Terms of Reference ...... 1 2 Methodology...... 1

3 Geological and Palaeontological Context ...... 2

4 Summary Discussion and Recommendations ...... 3

4.1 Proposed Palaeontological Monitoring Programme ...... 3 5 References ...... 4

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3-1: Geological map of the area between Wakkerstroom and Dirkiesdorp (Map enlarged from the Geological Survey 1: 1 000 000 map 1984) ...... 2

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3-1: Explanation of symbols for the geological map and approximate ages (Johnson et al 2006; Snyman 1998)...... 3

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix A: Specialist CV Appendix B: Plans

Digby Wells Environmental ii

Palaeontological Impact Assessment

Palaeontological Assessment of the Proposed Yzermyn Underground Coal Mine, Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province KNE2940

1 Introduction Digby Wells Environmental (Digby Wells) was contracted by Kara Nawa Environmental Solutions (KNES) and EcoPartners to conduct a Phase 1 Palaeontological Impact Assessment (PIA) for Atha Africa Ventures (Pty) Ltd’s (Atha) proposed Yzermyn Underground Coal Mine near Wakkerstroom in the Mpumalanga Province.

1.1 Project Description Atha acquired coal prospecting rights to an area some 58 km southwest of Piet Retief in the Mpumalanga Province. The prospecting area consists of 12 privately owned farms and covers an area of 8 360 ha. Exploration drilling has been undertaken by Mindset Mining Consultants (Pty) Ltd, after which a feasible target area was identified. This covers approximately 2 500 ha comprising of the farms Kromhoek 93, Goedgevonden 95, Yzermyn 96 Portion 1, and Zoetfontein 94. It is proposed that the Utrecht Coalfield, comprising of the Karoo Supergroup geological stratigraphic unit, be mined through means of bord and pillar mining. As part of the Environmental Authorisation process for this project, two heritage assessments were undertaken and submitted to the South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) via the South African Heritage Resources Information System (SAHRIS). A Case ID was generated (CaseID: 4024) and Interim Comments were issued by SAHRA on 14 February 2013, 19 November 2013 and 9 May 2014.

1.2 Terms of Reference As per the requirements stipulated in the Interim Comment issued by SAHRIS on 9 May 2014 (CaseID: 4024) the larger Yzermyn Project was subject to a Phase 1 PIA inclusive of: ■ Consultation of geological maps, palaeontological databases, published and unpublished records, and peer-reviewed literature; ■ Assessment of palaeontological sensitivity of the proposed project area; and ■ Recommendations for palaeontological monitoring programme.

2 Methodology In order to adequately determine the likelihood of fossils occurring within the proposed project area, the following activities were required: ■ Consultation of geological maps, palaeontological databases and both published and unpublished records; ■ If found to be necessary through the data collection, the following activities will be undertaken:

Digby Wells Environmental 1

Palaeontological Impact Assessment

Palaeontological Assessment of the Proposed Yzermyn Underground Coal Mine, Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province KNE2940

. Site visit by a qualified palaeontologist to locate and assess fossils and their importance; and . Permit application for the collection, storage and curation of unique or rare fossils, where common fossils can be sacrificed if deemed to have minimal or no scientific importance.

3 Geological and Palaeontological Context The proposed area for mining lies just north-east of Wakkerstroom, and south-west of Dirkiesdorp and is in the Vryheid Formation and in the Vryheid Coalfield (Snyman, 1998), (Figure 3-1). Since coal is formed from the alteration of peat by temperature and pressure, during the early Permian in southern Africa, there will be fossil plants associated with the coal deposits. In the coal itself, however, the plants have been modified beyond recognition, but within the shales and mudstones associated with the coal seams there may be fossil plants preserved. As in all South African coals these will be plants of the Glossopteris flora and include impressions of Glossopteris leaves and fructifications, ferns, sphenophytes and lycopods. There are no published records of fossil plants or vertebrates from this area. Fossil plants of the same age are abundant in other sedimentary settings in the Karoo Basin so they cannot be considered rare.

Figure 3-1: Geological map of the area between Wakkerstroom and Dirkiesdorp (Map enlarged from the Geological Survey 1: 1 000 000 map 1984) The approximate location of the prosed underground mine is indicated with the arrow. Abbreviations of the rock types are explained in Table 3-1.

Digby Wells Environmental 2

Palaeontological Impact Assessment

Palaeontological Assessment of the Proposed Yzermyn Underground Coal Mine, Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province KNE2940

Table 3-1: Explanation of symbols for the geological map and approximate ages (Johnson et al 2006; Snyman 1998).

Symbol Group/Formation Lithology Approximate Age

Jd Jurassic Dolerite dykes, intrusive Jurassic, approx. 180 Ma

Upper Permian, Lower Pa Adelaide & Estcourt Mudstones, shales Beaufort (min. 260 Ma)

Pvo Volksrust Shale Middle Permian, Upper Ecca

Pv Vryheid Shales, sandstone, coal Lower Permian, Middle Ecca

Pp Pietermaritzburg Shale Lower Permian, Lower Ecca

4 Summary Discussion and Recommendations Since the proposed mine is to be underground it means that there are no surface or near- surface exposures of the coal seams and associated shales and mudstones. Therefore there is no need for any further palaeontological assessment until excavation and mining activities have commenced. It is also highly unlikely that good fossil material will be extracted as such operations crush the coals. If fossil plant material is discovered during mining operations, then it is strongly recommended that a professional palaeontologist be called to assess the importance and rescue them if necessary (with the relevant SAHRA permit). Where deemed to be of scientific interest then further visits by a professional palaeontologist would be required to collect more material. Given the shortage of such qualified people in South Africa and the stringent safely laws for underground access by the mining companies, any long term monitoring of the fossils is impractical. Nonetheless a monitoring programme is outline below. As far as the palaeontology is concerned the proposed development can go ahead. Any further palaeontological assessment would only be required after mining has commenced and if fossils are found by the geologist or environmental personnel.

4.1 Proposed Palaeontological Monitoring Programme The following procedure is only required if and when underground mining commences. The surface activities would not impact on the fossil heritage as the coals and any associated fossil plants are below ground. 1. When mining operations commence the shales and mudstones (of no economic value) must be given a cursory inspection by the mine geologist or designated

Digby Wells Environmental 3

Palaeontological Impact Assessment

Palaeontological Assessment of the Proposed Yzermyn Underground Coal Mine, Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province KNE2940

person before being added to the dumps used by the mine. Any fossiliferous material should be put aside in a suitably protected place. This way the mining activities will not be interrupted. 2. Photographs of similar fossil plants must be provided to the mine to assist in recognizing the fossil plants in the shales and mudstones. 3. On a regular basis, to be agreed upon by the mine management and the qualified palaeobotanist sub-contracted for this project, the palaeobotanist should visit the mine to inspect the selected material and check the dumps where feasible. The frequency of inspections should be monthly. If the geologist/deputy is diligent and extracts the fossil material then inspections can be less frequent. 4. Fossil plants considered to be of good quality or scientific interest by the palaeobotanist must be removed, catalogued and housed in a suitable institution where they can be made available for further study. Before the fossils are removed from the mine a SAHRA permit must be obtained. Annual reports must be submitted to SAHRA. 5. If any underground inspection is deemed necessary then the normal safety procedures that the mine management endorses, must be followed by the palaeobotanist and associated mine employees. 6. If no good fossil material is recovered then the site inspections by the palaeobotanist can be reduced to annual events until mining operations cease. Annual reports by the palaeobotanist must be sent to SAHRA.

5 References Cadle, A.B., Cairncross, B., Christie, A.D.M., Roberts, D.L., 1993. The Karoo basin of South Africa: the type basin for the coal bearing deposits of southern Africa. International Journal of Coal Geology 23, 117-157. Johnson, M.R., van Vuuren, C.J., Visser, J.N.J., Cole, D.I., Wickens, H.deV., Christie, A.D.M., Roberts, D.L., Brandl, G., 2006. Sedimentary rocks of the Karoo Supergroup. In: Johnson, M.R., Anhaeusser, C.R. and Thomas, R.J., (Eds). The Geology of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Johannesburg / Council for Geoscience, Pretoria. Pp 461 – 499. Snyman, C.P., 1998. Coal. In: Wilson, M.G.C., and Anhaeusser, C.P., (Eds). The Mineral Resources of South Africa: Handbook, Council for Geosciences 16, 136-205.

Digby Wells Environmental 4

Palaeontological Impact Assessment

Palaeontological Assessment of the Proposed Yzermyn Underground Coal Mine, Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province KNE2940

Appendix A: Specialist CV

Marion K Bamford, PhD May 2014 Personal Professor and Senior Management Committee Member Evolutionary Studies Institute (formerly Bernard Price Institute) and NRF-DST Centre of Excellence; School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand P Bag 3, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa Tel: +27 11 717 6690, Fax: +27 11 717 6694, e-mail: [email protected]

Education 1983: BSc University of the Witwatersrand; majors in Botany and Microbiology. 1984: BSc Honours, University of the Witwatersrand; Botany and Palaeobotany. 1986: MSc University of the Witwatersrand; Palaeobotany. Graduated with Distinction 1990: PhD University of the Witwatersrand; Palaeobotany.. 1994 - Service d’Anatomie des Bois, Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium, by Roger Dechamps – training in wood anatomy 1997 - Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, ditto by Dr Jean-Claude Koeniguer

Professional experience 1989: Research Officer, Geological Survey, Pretoria 1991-1992: Research Associate, BPI, University of the Witwatersrand (external funding) 1993-2000: Research Officer, BPI , University of the Witwatersrand (includes teaching) 1999: Professeur Invitée, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France. 2001-2006: Senior Research Officer, BPI, University of the Witwatersrand 2007 – Associate Professor, BPI, University of the Witwatersrand 2014 – Personal Professor, ESI, University of the Witwatersrand Research Rating (South African NRF international and peer review): B3 Fellow of the Royal Society of South Africa – 2007 onwards Field Experience 1982-present: Karoo palaeobotany, P-Tr boundary, Lower Cretaceous deposits; modern ecology in southern Africa 1986-1989: Kimberlite pipes, Botswana 1991-present: Tertiary fluvial deposits on west coast, Namibia, Botswana 1998-present: palaeobotany: eastern Australia, Argentina, Brazil, China, New Zealand 2000- present: East African hominin sites: Olduvai Gorge, Laetoli, Koobi Fora, Rusinga Island Field of expertise Palaeobotany: wood anatomy, charcoal, leaves, seeds, palynology, phytoliths (Palaeozoic to Cenozoic); Palaeoecology based on plants; Palaeontological Impact Assessments 2004-2014: approx 25 projects. Publications Chapters in books: 5; Scientific peer-reviewed Journal articles: 83; Conference presentations: 45 Other experience/duties/professional societies Post graduate Student Supervision: Honours completed: 4; Masters completed: 3. Masters current: 0. PhD completed: 3. PhD current: 8. Post docs completed: 3. Post docs current 4. Lecturing 2001 to present: Geology II – Palaeontology; Biology III – Palaeontology; Honours – Palaeobotany module, Palynology module, Evolution of Terrestrial ecosystems module. Geosciences representative on Graduate Studies Committee: 2008 – present Editor – Palaeontologia africana: 2002-2013; associate editor: 2014 – present SASQUA (Southern African Society for Quaternary Research): Vice president 2013-2015 PSSA (Palaeontological Society of southern Africa): Vice President 2012-2014 INQUA ICSU – Chairman South African section: 2014-2016 PAST (Palaeontological Scientific Trust): Chairman of Scientific Advisory Committee: 2010 +

Mr. Justin du Piesanie Heritage Management Consultant: Archaeologist Social Sciences Department Digby Wells Environmental

1 Education

Date Degree(s) or Diploma(s) obtained Institution

2013 Continued Professional Development University of Cape Town Programme, Architectural and Urban Conservation: Researching and Assessing Local Environments

2008 MSc University of the Witwatersrand

2005 BA (Honours) (Archaeology) University of the Witwatersrand

2004 BA University of the Witwatersrand

2001 Matric Norkem Park High School

2 Language Skills

Language Written Spoken

English Excellent Excellent

Afrikaans Proficient Good

3 Employment

Period Company Title/position

08/2011 to Digby Wells Environmental Heritage Management present Consultant: Archaeologist

______Digby Wells and Associates (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd (Subsidiary of Digby Wells & Associates (Pty) Ltd). Co. Reg. No. 2010/008577/07. Fern Isle, Section 10, 359 Pretoria Ave Randburg Private Bag X10046, Randburg, 2125, South Africa Tel: +27 11 789 9495, Fax: +27 11 789 9498, [email protected], www.digbywells.com

______Directors: A Sing*, AR Wilke, DJ Otto, GB Beringer, LF Koeslag, AJ Reynolds (Chairman) (British)*, J Leaver*, GE Trusler (C.E.O) *Non-Executive ______

p:\company_info\staff_cvs_and_bios\cvs\7_heritage\j_du_piesanie_2014.docx

Period Company Title/position

2009-2011 University of the Witwatersrand Archaeology Collections Manager

2009-2011 Independent Archaeologist

2006-2007 Maropeng & Sterkfontein Caves UNESCO Tour guide World Heritage Site

4 Professional Affiliations

Position Professional Body Registration Number

Member Association for Southern African Professional 270 Archaeologists (ASAPA); ASAPA Cultural Resources Management (CRM) section

Member International Council on Monuments and Sites 14274 (ICOMOS)

Member Society for Africanist Archaeologists (SAfA) N/A

5 Publications ■ Huffman, T.N. & du Piesanie, J.J. 2011. Khami and the Venda in the Mapungubwe Landscape. Journal of African Archaeology 9(2): 189-206 6 Experience I have 5 years experiences in the field of heritage resources management (HRM) including archaeological and heritage assessments, grave relocation, social consultation and mitigation of archaeological sites. During my studies I was involved in academic research projects associated with the Stone Age, Iron Age, and Rock Art. These are summarised below: ■ Wits Fieldschool - Excavation at Meyersdal, Klipriviersberg Johannesburg (Late Iron Age Settlement). ■ Wits Fieldschool - Phase 1 Survey of Prentjiesberg in Ugie / Maclear area, Eastern Cape. ■ Wits Fieldschool – Excavation at Kudu Kopje, Mapungubwe National Park Limpopo Province.

Digby Wells Environmental 2

■ Wits Fieldschool – Excavation of Weipe 508 (2229 AB 508) on farm Weipe, Limpopo Province. ■ Survey at Meyerdal, Klipriviersberg Johannesburg. ■ Mapping of Rock Art Engravings at Klipbak 1 & 2, Kalahari. ■ Survey at Sonop Mines, Windsorton Northern Cape (Vaal Archaeological Research Unit). ■ Excavation of Kudu Kopje, Mapungubwe National Park Limpopo Province. ■ Excavation of KK (2229 AD 110), VK (2229 AD 109), VK2 (2229 AD 108) & Weipe 508 (2229 AB 508) (Origins of Mapungubwe Project) ■ Phase 1 Survey of farms Venetia, Hamilton, Den Staat and Little Muck, Limpopo Province (Origins of Mapungubwe Project) ■ Excavation of Canteen Kopje Stone Age site, Barkley West, Northern Cape ■ Excavation of Khami Period site AB32 (2229 AB 32), Den Staat Farm, Limpopo Province Since 2011 I have been actively involved in environmental management throughout Africa, focusing on heritage assessments incompliance with International Finance Corporation (IFC) Performance Standards and other World Bank Standards and Equator Principles. This exposure to environmental, and specifically heritage management has allowed me to work to international best practice standards in accordance with international conservation bodies such as UNESCO and ICOMOS. In addition, I have also been involved in the collection of quantitative data for a Relocation Action Plan (RAP) in Burkina Faso. The exposure to this aspect of environmental management has afforded me the opportunity to understand the significance of integration of various studies in the assessment of heritage resources and recommendations for feasible mitigation measures. I have work throughout South Africa, as well as Burkina Faso, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Liberia and Mali.

7 Project Experience Please see the following table for relevant project experience:

Digby Wells Environmental 3

Project Title Project Date: Description of the Project Role of Firm Own Role in Time Name of Contract Reference Location in the Project the Project involved Client Outcomes (man months) Klipriviersberg Meyersdal, 2005 2006 Survey of residential Archaeological Researcher, 2 months Completed survey, Archaeological Resource Management Archaeological Gauteng, South development in Meyersdal. Impact Archaeological excavations and (ARM) Survey Africa This included the recording Assessments Assistant reporting Prof T.N. Huffman of identified stone walled [email protected] settlements through detailed mapping and photographs. Included was the Phase 2 Mitigation of two stone walled settlements Sun City Sun City, 2006 2006 Recording of an identified Mapping Archaeological 1 month Sun City Completed Archaeological Resources Archaeological Site Pilanesberg, Late Iron Age stonewalled Assistant, mapping Management (ARM) Mapping North West settlement through detailed Mapper Prof T.N. Huffman Province, South mapping [email protected] Africa Witbank Dam Witbank, 2007 2007 Archaeological survey for Archaeological Archaeological 1 week Completed Archaeological Resources Archaeological Mpumalanga, proposed residential Impact Assistant Archaeological Management (ARM) Impact South Africa development at the Witbank Assessment Impact Assessment Prof T.N. Huffman Assessment dam report [email protected] Archaeological Johannesburg, 2008 2008 Archaeological survey and Archaeological Archaeologist 1 month Completed the Heritage Contracts Unit Assessment of Gauteng, South basic assessment of Impact assessment of 13 Jaco van der Walt Modderfontein AH Africa Modderfontein Holdings Assessment properties [email protected] Holdings Heritage Thabazimbi, 2008 2008 Heritage Assessment for Heritage Archaeologist 2 weeks Rhino Mines Completed the Archaeological Resources Assessment of Limpopo expansion of mining area at Impact assessment Management (ARM) Rhino Mines Province, South Rhino Mines Assessment Prof T.N. Huffman Africa [email protected] Cronimet Project Thabazimbi, 2008 2008 Archaeological survey of Archaeological Archaeologist 1 weeks Cronimet Completed field Heritage Contracts Unit Limpopo Moddergat 389 KQ, Impact survey and Jaco van der Walt Province, South Schilpadnest 385 KQ, and Assessment reporting [email protected] Africa Swartkop 369 KQ,

Digby Wells Environmental 4

Eskom Limpopo 2008 2008 Heritage Statement defining Heritage Archaeologist 2 months Eskom Completed Heritage Heritage Contracts Unit Thohoyandou SEA Province, South the cultural landscape of Statement Statement Jaco van der Walt Project Africa the Limpopo Province to [email protected] assist in establishing sensitive receptors for the Eskom Thohoyadou SEA Project Wenzelrust Shoshanguve, 2009 2009 Contracted by the Heritage Excavation and Archaeologist 1 week Heritage Completed Heritage Contracts Unit Excavations Gauteng, South Contracts Unit to help Mapping Contracts Unit excavations Jaco van der Walt Africa facilitate the Phase 2 [email protected] excavations of a Late Iron Age / historical site identified in Shoshanguve University of the Parys, Free 2009 2009 Mapping of a Late Iron Age Mapping Archaeologist 1 day University of Completed University of the Witwatersrand Witwatersrand State, South rock shelter being studied the mapping of the Karim Sadr Parys LIA Shelter Africa by the Archaeology Witwatersrand shelter [email protected] Project Department of the University of the Witwatersrand Transnet NMPP Kwa-Zulu Natal, 2010 2010 Heritage Survey of the Heritage Archaeologist 1 week Umlando Completed survey Umlando Consultants Line South Africa Anglo-Boer War Vaalkrans Impact Consultants Gavin Anderson Battlefield where the Assessment [email protected] servitude of the NMP pipeline Archaeological Johannesburg, 2010 2010 Heritage survey of Archaeological Archaeologist 1 week ARM Completed survey Archaeological Resources Impact Gauteng, South Witpoortjie 254 IQ, Impact for the AIA Management (ARM) Assessment – Africa Mindale Ext 7 and Assessment Prof T.N. Huffman Witpoortjie Project Nooitgedacht 534 IQ for [email protected] residential development project Der Brochen Steelpoort, 2010 2010 Phase 2 archaeological Archaeological Archaeologist 2 weeks Heritage Completed Heritage Contracts Unit Archaeological Mpumalanga, excavations of Late Iron Excavation Contracts Unit excavations Jaco van der Walt Excavations South Africa Age Site [email protected] De Brochen and Steelpoort, 2010 2010 Mapping of archaeological Mapping Archaeologist 1 week Heritage Completed Heritage Contracts Unit Booysendal Mpumalanga, sites 23, 26, 27, 28a & b on Contracts Unit Mapping Jaco van der Walt Archaeology South Africa the Anglo Platinum Mines [email protected] Project De Brochen and Booysendal

Digby Wells Environmental 5

Eskom Limpopo 2010 2010 Desktop study to identify Desktop Study Archaeologist 1 Month Strategic Completed Report Strategic Environmental Focus (SEF) Thohoyandou Province, South heritage sensitivity of the Environmental Vici Napier Electricity Master Africa Limpopo Province Focus [email protected] Network Batlhako Mine North-West 2010 2010 Mapping of historical sites Mapping Archaeologist 1 week Heritage Completed Heritage Contracts Unit Expansion Province, South located within the Batlhako Contracts Unit Mapping Jaco van der Walt Africa Mine Expansion Area [email protected] Kibali Gold Project Orientale 2011 2013 Implementation of the Grave Archaeologist 2 years Randgold Successful Kibali Gold Mine Grave Relocation Province, Grave Relocation Project Relocation Resources relocation of Cyrille Mutombo Plan Democratic for the Randgold Kibali approximately 3000 [email protected] Republic of Gold Project graves Congo Kibali Gold Hydro- Orientale 2012 2014 Assessment of 7 proposed Heritage Heritage 2 years Randgold Completed Heritage Randgold Resources Power Project Province, hydro-power stations along Impact Consultant Resources Impact Assessment Charles Wells Democratic the Kibali River Assessment [email protected] Republic of Congo Everest North Steelpoort, 2012 2012 Heritage Impact Heritage Heritage 6 months Aquarius Completed Heritage Aquarius Resources Mining Project Mpumalanga, Assessment on the farm Impact Consultant Resources Impact Assessment South Africa Vygenhoek Assessment Environmental Gauteng, South 2012 2012 Heritage impact Heritage Heritage 4 months Gold One Completed Heritage Gold One International Authorisation for Africa Assessment for the Impact Consultant International Impact Assessment the Gold One proposed TSF and Pipeline Assessment Geluksdal TSF and of Geluksdal Mine Pipeline Platreef Burial Mokopane, 2012 2012 Survey for Burial Grounds Burial Grounds Heritage 4 months Platreef Project closed by Platreef Resources Grounds and Limpopo and Graves and Graves Consultant Resources client due to safety Gerick Mouton Graves Survey Province, South Management risks Africa Plan Resgen Limpopo 2012 2012 Archaeological Excavation Archaeological Heritage 4 months Resources Completed Resources Generation Boikarabelo Coal Province, South of identified sites Excavation Consultant Generation excavation and Louise Nicolai Mine Africa reporting, destruction permits approved Bokoni Platinum Burgersfort, 2012 2012 Watching brief for Watching Brief Heritage 1 week Bokoni Completed Bokoni Platinum Mines (Pty) Ltd Road Watching Limpopo construction of new road Consultant Platinum Mine watching brief, Brief Province, South reviewed report Africa

Digby Wells Environmental 6

SEGA Gold Mining Burkina Faso 2012 2013 Socio Economic and Asset RAP Social 3 months Cluff Gold Completed field Cluff Gold PLC Project Survey Consultant PLC survey and data collection SEGA Gold Mining Burkina Faso 2013 2013 Specialist Review of Reviewer Heritage 1 week Cluff Gold Reviewed specialist Cluff Gold PLC Project Heritage Impact Consultant PLC report and made Assessment appropriate recommendations Consbrey and Breyton, 2013 2013 Heritage Impact Heritage Heritage 2 months Msobo Completed Heritage Msobo Harwar Collieries Mpumalanga, Assessment for the Impact Consultant Impact Project South Africa proposed Consbrey and Assessment Assessments Harwar Collieries New Liberty Gold Liberia 2013 2014 Implementation of the Grave Heritage On-going Aureus Mining Project is on-going Aureus Mining Project Grave Relocation Project Relocation Consultant for the New Liberty Gold Project Falea Uranium Falea, Mali 2013 2013 Heritage Scoping for the Heritage Heritage 2 months Rockgate Completed scoping Rockgate Capital Mine proposed Falea Uranium Scoping Consultant Capital report and Environmental Mine recommended Assessment further studies Putu Iron Ore Mine Petroken, 2013 2014 Heritage impact Heritage Heritage 6 months Atkins Limited Completed Heritage Atkins Limited Project Liberia Assessment for the Impact Consultant Impact Assessment Irene Bopp proposed Putu Iron Ore Assessment and provided [email protected] Mine, road extension and recommendations railway line for further studies Sasol Twistdraai Secunda, 2013 2014 Notification of intent to NID Heritage 2 months ERM Southern Completed NID and ERM Southern Africa Project Mpumalanga, Develop and Heritage Consultant Africa Heritage Statement Alan Cochran South Africa Statement for the Sasol [email protected] Twistdraai Expansion Daleside Acetylene Gauteng, South 2013 2013 Project Management of the NID Project 3 months ERM Southern Project completed ERM Southern Africa Gas Production Africa heritage study Manager Africa Kasantha Moodley Facility [email protected] Exxaro Belfast, Belfast, 2013 2014 Grave Relocation Plan for GRP Project On-going Exxaro Project is on-going Exxaro Paardeplaats and Mpumalanga, the Belfast, Paardeplaats Manager, Johan van der Bijl Eerstelingsfontein South Africa and Eerstelingsfontein Heritage [email protected] GRP Projects Consultant

Digby Wells Environmental 7

Nzoro 2 Hydro Orientale 2014 2014 Social consultation for the RAP Social On-going Randgold Completed Kibali Gold Mine Power Project Province, Relocation Action Plan Consultant Resources introductory Cyrille Mutombo Democratic component of the Nzoro 2 meetings – project [email protected] Republic of Hydro Power Station on-going Congo Eastern Basin Springs, 2014 2014 Heritage Impact Heritage Heritage On-going AECOM Project is on-going AECOM AMD Project Gauteng, South Assessment for the Impact Consultant Africa proposed new sludge Assessment storage facility and pipeline Soweto Cluster Soweto, 2014 2014 Heritage Impact Heritage Heritage On-going ERGO Project is on-going ERGO Reclamation Gauteng, South Assessment for reclamation Impact Consultant Greg Ovens Project Africa activities associated with Assessment [email protected] the Soweto Cluster Dumps Klipspruit South Ogies, 2014 2014 NID and Heritage NID Heritage On-going BHP Billiton Project is on-going BHP Billiton Project Mpumalanga, Statement for the Section Consultant South Africa 102 Amendment of the Klipspruit Mine EMP Klipspruit Ogies, 2014 2014 NID and Heritage NID Heritage On-going BHP Billiton Project is on-going BHP Billiton Extension: Mpumalanga, Statement for the Consultant Weltevreden South Africa expansion of the Klipspruit Project Mine Ergo Rondebult Johannesburg, 2014 2014 NID and Heritage NID Heritage 1 Week ERGO Completed ERGO Pipeline Basic South Africa Statement for the Consultant screening Assessment construction of the assessment and Rondebult Pipeline NID Kibali ESIA Update Orientale 2014 2014 Update of the Kibali ESIA Heritage Heritage On-going Randgold Project is on-going Randgold Resources Project Province, for the inclusion of new Impact Consultant Resources Charles Wells Democratic open-cast pit areas Assessment [email protected] Republic of Congo GoldOne EMP Westonaria, 2014 2014 Gap analysis for the EMP Gap Analysis Heritage On-going Gold One Project is on-going Gold One International Consolidation Gauteng, South consolidation of operations Consultant International Africa west of Johannesburg

Digby Wells Environmental 8

Palaeontological Impact Assessment

Palaeontological Assessment of the Proposed Yzermyn Underground Coal Mine, Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province KNE2940

Appendix B: Plans

30°10'0"E 30°20'0"E 30°30'0"E

Swazian Erathem Plan 1 Adelaide Sbgrp, Beaufort Grp Heyshope Dam i Karoo Dolerite Sui u

S

K e t Yzermyn Project l i e r i e n l - o D V a o PIA a o l r a 3 R54 K Regional Geology Adelaide Sbgrp, Beaufort Grp Karoo Dolerite Sui

i a a g e s s Volksrust Fm, Ecca Grp A Legend

W

i e Other Town ls pr ui t i u S Settlement te ri le o D Main Road o Karoo Dolerite Sui ro a 27°10'0"S 27°10'0"S K Karoo Dolerite Sui Dirkiesdorp Volksrust Fm, Ecca Grp National Road

Railway Line N

t

o m be River Adelaide Sbgrp, Beaufort Grp Karoo Dolerite Sui Karoo Dolerite Sui Madzaringwe Fm, Karoo Spgrp Dam Geology

Latemanek Volksrust Fm, Ecca Grp m

e h

t Adelaide Sbgrp, Beaufort Grp

a

r

E

n a

i Karoo Dolerite Sui

i z

u a

S w Volksrust Fm, Ecca Grp

e S

t Madzaringwe Fm, Karoo Spgrp i

r

e l

o

D Karoo Dolerite Sui Pietermaritzburg Fm, Ecca Grp K o ar o o o D r ole a rit K Volksrust Fm, Ecca Grp Swazian Erathem e S ui Volksrust Fm, Ecca Grp

Adelaide Sbgrp, Beaufort Grp P o 27°20'0"S 27°20'0"S ng ola Swazian Erathem Wakkerstroom

Pietermaritzburg Fm, Ecca Grp Karoo Dolerite Sui

Adelaide Sbgrp, Beaufort Grp a Adelaide Sbgrp, Beaufort Grp Panda n

Volksrust Fm, Ecca Grp Karoo Dolerite Sui

Adelaide Sbgrp, Beaufort Grp Sustainability Service Positive Change Professionalism Future Focused Integrity Slang Projection: Transverse Mercator Ref #: sdp.KNE2940.201407.013 rp Groenvlei a G Datum: WGS84 Revision Number: 1 cc E Central Meridian: 31°E Date: 02/07/2014 m, t F rus a lks Bivan Vo 0 2.5 5 10 T e s akw Karoo Dolerite Sui Karoo Dolerite Sui Kilometres Madzaringwe Fm, Karoo Spgrp Karoo Dolerite Sui 27°30'0"S 1:200 000 27°30'0"S www.digbywells.com © Digby Wells Environmental 30°0'0"E 30°10'0"E 30°20'0"E 30°30'0"E