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Kent Archaeological Society is a registered charity number 223382 © 2017 Archaeological Society CONTENTS PAGE List of Officers, xvii; Members of Council, xviii Committees, xix; List of Local Secretaries, xx; Corresponding Societies, xxi ; Members' List,xxiii. Annual Report for the Year 1980 xlvi 1. John de Berwyke and the Consuetudines Kancie. By F. Hull, B.A., Ph.D., D.Litt., F.R.Hist.S 1 2. The Hospital of St. Stephen and St. Thomas, New Romney: The documentary Evidence. By A. F. Butcher. . 17 3. Excavations at the 'Old Palace', , near . By Tim Tatton-Brown 27 4. Charles Oxenden. By Philip H. Blake 59 5. Hydrocephalus in an Anglo-Saxon Child from Eccles. By Keith Manchester, M.B., B.S., B.Sc, F.R.A.1 77 6. The Typology and Age of the Handaxes. By A.M. Ashmore 83 7. The Lowy of Tonbridge and the Lands of the Clare Family in Kent, 1066-1217. By Jennifer C. Ward, M.A., Ph.D. . 119 8. Archaeological Work along the A2: 1966-1974. By Nigel - Macpherson-Grant 133 9. A three-week Holiday in Ramsgate during July and August 1829. By John Whyman 185 10. The animal Bones from the Excavation of the Hospital of St. MaryofOspringe. By Sheilagh M. Wall 227 11. Four minor Sites excavated by the Canterbury Archaeo- logical Trust, 1978-1979. By Paul Bennett, Nigel Macpherson-Grant and Paul Blockley 267 12. Recent Investigations at the Anglo-Saxon Cemetery, Darenth Park Hospital, Dartford. By R.M. Walsh. . . 305 13. Greenhill Bronze Age Site, Otford. By J.A. Pyke ... 321 vu 14. The Milton Blockhouse, Gravesend: Research and Excavation. By Victor T. C. Smith, B.A 341 15. Researches and Discoveries in Kent: The 'Priest' House at Smallhythe: A false Identifi- cation? 363 Sevenoaks District Architectural History 366 Excavations at Eastry 368 Pipemakers of the Medway Towns 368 Remains of the medieval Sacristy of St. Helen's Church, Cliffe-at-Hoo 369 A Crucifix from the Maison Dieu, Ospringe . . . . 372 A stamped Mortarium from Higham 377 Some Sites in north Kent 378 Two Deposits of nineteenth-century Clay Tobacco Pipe Kiln Waste from Chatham 382 Canterbury City Museums 383 A Head of a Roman Bronze Figurine found near Canterbury 385 The Brass to Alice Drayton in St. Mary's Church, Horton Kirby 386 Plaxtol 390 Lost eighteenth-century Charity Boards formerly in St. Mary's Church, Bexley 391 A bronze Amulet from Boughton Aluph . . . 394 A Grave Group from Banning 396 Interim Report on Excavations in 1980 by the Canter- bury Archaeological Trust 396 16. Investigations and Excavations during the Year . . . 411 17. Reviews 417 18. Obituary 429 19. General Index 431 viii ILLUSTRATIONS

Excavations at the 'Old Palace', Bekesbourne, near Canterbury: Fig. 1. Canterbury and Bekesbourne - Location Plan 28 Fig. 2. Bekesbourne 'Village' and the 'Old Palace' 29 Fig. 3. Plan of the 'Old Palace' with the Exca- vations facing 30 Fig. 4. Overall Plan of the Excavations .... Fig. 5. Plan of pre-medieval Features in Trench II 35 Plate I. General View of the Excavations showing the Brick vaulted Drain . . . 36 Plate II. The medieval half Cellar Plate III The sixteenth-century Brick Walls and Drain cutting through the medieval half Cellar 37 Plate IV. Detail of Brick Garderobe Bases and vaulted Drain Plate V. Plaque relating to Thomas Cranmer's Building Work 38 Plate VI Plaque relating to the Arms of Arch- bishop Matthew Parker 39 Fig. 6. Phase Plans (Roman, medieval and six- teenth Century) 41 Fig. 7. Trench Sections Fig. 8. Trench Sections facing 42 Fig. 9. Pottery Drawings, 1-18 50 Fig. 10. Pottery Drawings, 19-33 51 Fig. 11. Small Finds Drawings 53 Charles Oxenden: Charles Oxenden, 1800-1874 .... 60 Hydrocephalus in an Anglo-Saxon Child from Eccles: Plate I. Norma frontalis showing calvarial Expansion 78 Plate II. Norma verticalis showing parietal Expansion 79 The Typology and Age of the Fordwich Handaxes: Fig. 1. Sketch Map 84

IX Fig. 2. Fordwich Handaxes 92 Fig. 3. Fordwich Handaxes 93 Fig. 4. Fordwich Handaxes 94 Fig. 5. Fordwich Handaxes 96 Fig. 6. Fordwich Handaxes 98 Fig. 7. Fordwich Handaxes 99 Fig. 8. Fordwich Handaxes 100 Archaeological Work along the A2: 1966-1974: Fig. 1. Overall Route and Site Map facing 134 Fig. 2. Overview 1. Site 1 135 Fig. 3. Site 1. Excavation Plan facing 136 Fig. 4. Pottery 138 Fig. 5. Site 1. Iron Age Pottery 140 Fig. 6. Site 1. Iron Age Pottery 142 Fig. 7. Pottery 144 Fig. 8. Overview 2. Site 5 147 Fig. 9. Site 5. Iron Age Site: Excavation Plan . . facing 147 Fig. 10. Site 5. Iron Age Pottery 148 Fig. 11. Site 5. Iron Age Pottery 149 fig. 12. Site 5. Iron Age Pottery 150 Fig. 13. Overview 3. Site 8 152 Fig. 14. Site 8. Iron Age Enclosure: Excavation Plan , . ... Fig. 15. Site 8. Iron Age Enclosure: Ditch . . . !acmg Fig. 16. Site 8. Iron Age Enclosure: Pit 20 . . . 154 Fig. 17. Site 8. Iron Age Pottery 156 Fig. 18. Site 8. Iron Age Pottery 158 Fig. 19. Site 8. Pit 20 - Iron Age Pottery . ... 160 Fig. 20. Site 8. Pit 20-Iron Age Pottery . ... 162 Fig. 21. Site 8. Pit 20 165 Fig. 22. Site 9. Late Bronze Age Barrow 1 and Iron Age Features 167 Fig. 23. Site 9. Late Bronze Age Barrows - Ditch Sections 168 Fig. 24. Site 9. Late Bronze Age Barrow 2 . . . 169 Fig. 25. Site 9. Pottery 171 Fig. 26. Site 9. Pottery 172 A three-week Holiday in Ramsgate during July and August 1829: Plate I. St. Lawrence 216 Plate II. St. George's Church 217 Plate III. 218 Plate IV. 218

x Plate V. 219 Plate VI. Jacob's Ladder 220 Plate VII. The New Baths, Margate 221 Plate VIII. The Royal Sea Bathing Infirmary . . . 222 Plate IXa. Lighthouse, etc. Margate Harbour. . 223 Plate IXb. 224 Plate X. The Quay at Margate 225 The Animal Bones from the Excavation of the Hospital of St. Mary of Ospringe: Fig. 1. Fragmentation of Cattle Bones . . . . 235 Fig. 2. Fragmentation of Sheep Bones . . . . 236 Fig. 3. Fragmentation of Pig Bones 237 Fig. 4. Cattle Butchery 238 Fig. 5. Sheep Butchery 238 Plate IA. Maison Dieu, Ospringe 249 Plate IB. Maison Dieu, Ospringe 249 Plate IIA. Maison Dieu, Ospringe 250 Plate IIB. Maison Dieu, Ospringe 250 Plate III. Maison Dieu, Ospringe 251 Four minor Sites excavated by the Canterbury Archaeological Trust, 1978-1979: Fig. 1. The Site found on the Canterbury By-pass 268 Fig. 2. Section through the Roman Kiln . . . . 272 Fig. 3. Canterbury By-pass 1979: Iron Age Pottery 275 Fig. 4. Canterbury By-pass 1979 276 Fig. 5. Canterbury By-pass 1979: Early Roman Coarse Ware 280 Fig. 6. Canterbury By-pass 1979: Early Roman Coarse Ware 282 Fig. 7. Canterbury By-pass 1979: Early Roman Coarse Ware 283 Fig. 8. Canterbury By-pass 1979: Early Roman Coarse Ware 284 Fig. 9. Canterbury By-pass: Early Roman Coarse Ware 286 Fig. 10. Canterbury By-pass: Early Roman Coarse Ware 288 Fig. 11. Wincheap, Canterbury, 1979. Location Plan 290 Fig. 12. Wincheap, Canterbury, 1979. No. 1. Crem- ation Jar 291 Fig. 13. Wincheap, Canterbury, 1979. No. 2 Crem- ation Jar 292 xi Fig. 14. Tyler Hill, 1979 294 Fig. 15. Tyler Hill, 1979 296 Fig. 16. Location of St. Gregory's Priory . . . . 298 Fig. 17. Kennard's Extension: Plan of Burials . . 300 Recent Investigations at the Anglo-Saxon Cemetery, Darenth Park Hospital, Dartford: Fig. 1. Location Plan . „„, Fig. 2. Plan of Excavation ^ ° Fig. 3. Grave 4 309 Fig. 5. Grave 5 309 Fig. 5. Glass Bowl 311 Plate I. Glass Bowl 311 Plate II. Grave 4 313 Plate III. Grave 5 314 Fig. 6. Cooking-pot 316 Greenhill Bronze Age Site, Otford: Fig. 1 322 Fig. 2 325 Fig. 3 327 Fig. 4 332 Fig. 5 333 'Fig. 6 337 Fig. 7 338 The Milton Blockhouse, Gravesend: Research and Excavation: Fig. 1. Thames Blockhouses 343 Fig. 2. Area Plan 343 Fig. 3, General Plan of Excavations 343 Fig. 4. Section YZ 350 Fig. 5. Section WX 350 Plate I. Core of main Wall A 352 Plate II. Core of curved Section of main Wall A 352 Plate III. Main Wall A 353 Plate IV. Section UV 353 Plate V. Internal Wall B 354 Plate VI. Brick Feature C 354 Fig. 6. Lower Part of sixteenth-century Jar . . . 357 Researches and Discoveries in Kent: The 'Priest' House at Smallhythe: A false Identifi- cation?: Plate I. Chapel House and'Priest House' . . . 364

xii Remains of the medieval Sacristy of St. Helen's Church, Cliffe-at-Hoo: Fig. 1. Plan of the medieval Sacristy on the north Side of the Chancel of Cliffe Church. 370 A Crucifix from the Maison Dieu, Ospringe: Fig. 1.- Reconstruction of the Ospringe Crucifix 373 Plate I. Fragments of the Ospringe Crucifix . . 375 A stamped Mortarium from Higham: Fig. 1. Stamped Mortarium from Higham . . . 377 Canterbury City Museums: Fig. 1. Bronze Mount from Canterbury . . . . 385 The Brass to Alice Drayton in St. Mary's Church, Horton Kirby: Fig. 1. Brass to Alice Drayton 389 A Bronze Amulet from Bought Aluph: Fig. 1. Bronze Amulet 395 Interim Report on Excavations in 1980 by the Canterbury Archaeo- logical Trust: Plate I. Roman Mosaic Pavement 400 Plate II. One of the heated Rooms of the Mansio . 401 Fig. 1. General Plan of central Canterbury . . . .facing 402 Fig. 2. Plan of Marlowe IV Excavation 404 Fig. 3. 69a Stour Street: Pit 406 Fig. 4. 69a Stour Street: ? fifth-century Burial Group. . 408 Fig. 5. 69a Stour Street: provisional Plan 409

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