Ciena Acronyms Guide.Pdf
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Allgemeines Abkürzungsverzeichnis
Allgemeines Abkürzungsverzeichnis L. -
INTRODUCTION Client
1 INTRODUCTION Client Server Network Fig. 1-1. A network with two clients and one server. Client machine Server machine Request Network Reply Client process Server process Fig. 1-2. The client-server model involves requests and replies. Fig. 1-3. In a peer-to-peer system there are no fixed clients and servers. 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 21 222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222Tag1 Full name1 Example 1 1 1 1 1 12222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222B2C1 Business-to-consumer1 Ordering books on-line 1 21 222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222B2B1 Business-to-business1 Car manufacturer ordering tires from supplier 1 21 222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222G2C1 Government-to-consumer1 Government distributing tax forms electronically 1 1 1 1 1 12222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222C2C1 Consumer-to-consumer1 Auctioning second-hand products on line 1 21 222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222P2P1 Peer-to-peer1 File sharing 1 Fig. 1-4. Some forms of e-commerce. 22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222221 Wireless1 Mobile1 Applications 1 1 1 1 1 122222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222No1 No1 Desktop computers in offices 1 222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222221 -
ZN1A-M4 M6DTFN3 Specifications
ganzsecurity.com 1080p & 5 MP IR IP Mini Domes w/ GXi Embedded Intelligence ZN1A-M4DTFN3 / M6DTFN3 Features: • 1080p & 5 Megapixel @ 30fps • VCA Technology Video Analytics Network Devices • 1/2.8” SONY STARVIS Exmor Sensor • Superior Low Light Performance • True Day / Night and WDR • SMART Bitrate Control & Region of Interest • 2.8mm Fixed Lens • 2 IR LEDs up to 59’ Range ganzsecurity.com ZN1A-M4/6DTFN3 1080p & 5MP IR IP Mini Domes w/ GXi Embedded Intelligence Specifications (Part 1) Model ZN1A-M4DTFN3 ZN1A-M6DTFN3 Image Sensor 1/2.8” SONY STARVIS Exmor 2.13MP CMOS 1/2.8” SONY STARVIS Exmor 5MP CMOS Effective Pixels 1920 x 1080 2592 x 1944 Scanning System Progressive scanning AGC Control Auto Iris Type Auto-Iris Minimum Illumination Color: 0.03 Lux (DSS on) / B/W : 0 Lux (IR on) Camera Lens 2.8mm, F2.0 Fixed Lens Angle of View Horizontal: Approx. 115° / Vertical Approx. 64° Shutter Speed Automatic / Manual: 1/30 ~ 1/32,000, Anti-Flicker, Slow Shutter (1/2, 1/3, 1/5, 1/6, 1/7.5, 1/10) Day/Night Performance True Day / Night (ICR) Wide Dynamic Range True WDR, 120dB S/N Ratio 50 dB Video Compression H.265, H.264 Baseline, Main, High profile, MJPEG (Motion JPEG) Multiple Profile 2592 x 1944 @30fps & 480 @30 fps 1080p @30fps & D1(704x480 or 704x576) @30fps Streaming Performance with H.264, H265 & MJPEG with H.264, H.265 & MJPEG Max Resolution 1920 x 1080 2592 x 1944 Video Bit Rate 100Kbps ~ 10Mbps Multi-rate for Preview and Recording Video Bit Rate Control Multi Streaming CBR/VBR @ H.264 (Controllable frame rate and Bandwidth) Digital Noise -
Network Reliability and Fault Tolerance
Network Reliability and Fault Tolerance Muriel Medard´ [email protected] Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Room 35-212 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139 Steven S. Lumetta [email protected] Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 1308 W. Main Street, Urbana, IL 61801 1 Introduction The majority of communications applications, from cellular telephone conversations to credit card transactions, assume the availability of a reliable network. At this level, data are expected to tra- verse the network and to arrive intact at their destination. The physical systems that compose a network, on the other hand, are subjected to a wide range of problems, ranging from signal distor- tion to component failures. Similarly, the software that supports the high-level semantic interface 1 often contains unknown bugs and other latent reliability problems. Redundancy underlies all ap- proaches to fault tolerance. Definitive definitions for all concepts and terms related to reliability, and, more broadly, dependability, can be found in [AAC+92]. Designing any system to tolerate faults first requires the selection of a fault model, a set of possible failure scenarios along with an understanding of the frequency, duration, and impact of each scenario. A simple fault model merely lists the set of faults to be considered; inclusion in the set is decided based on a combination of expected frequency, impact on the system, and feasibility or cost of providing protection. Most reliable network designs address the failure of any single component, and some designs tolerate multiple failures. In contrast, few attempt to handle the adversarial conditions that might occur in a terrorist attack, and cataclysmic events are almost never addressed at any scale larger than a city. -
Networking Standards Mark Davies, Digital Equipment Corporation
N92-12499 Networking Standards Mark Davies, Digital Equipment Corporation ABSTRACT The enterprise network is currently a multivendor environment consisting of many defacto and proprietary standards. During the 1990s, these networks will evolve towards networks which are based on international standards in both the LAN and WAN space. Also, you can expect to see the higher level functions and applications begin the same transition. The Open Network Advantage Market Requirements OPEN NETWORKS!!! Multi-protocol, multi-platform, multi-vendor networks working together International AND defacto standards Effortless communications within and between enter- prises Ability to move to standards at own pace What is an Open System? Defined as: A vendor-neutral computing environment: - compliant with International and defacto standards - permits system and network interoperability or software applications portability - includes consistency of data and human access - satisfies one or more of a business's functional requirements Standards Benefits from networks based on international and defacto standards o Vendor independence o Applications portability o Investment protection o Improved communications leading to increased productivity o Network flexibility 13DSDDED Network Architectures: DECnet, OSI, TCP/IP DECnet OS) IP Application Application Internet Applications Protocols Presentation DMA Session Control Session Transport Transport Transport (NSP) (TP 0,2,4) (TCP / UDP) Network Network Network (CLNS) (CLNS/CONS) (IP) Data Link Data Link Data Link -
Memory Protection in Embedded Systems Lanfranco Lopriore Dipartimento Di Ingegneria Dell’Informazione, Università Di Pisa, Via G
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Pisa Memory protection in embedded systems Lanfranco Lopriore Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, Università di Pisa, via G. Caruso 16, 56126 Pisa, Italy E-mail: [email protected] Abstract — With reference to an embedded system featuring no support for memory manage- ment, we present a model of a protection system based on passwords and keys. At the hardware level, our model takes advantage of a memory protection unit (MPU) interposed between the processor and the complex of the main memory and the input-output devices. The MPU sup- ports both concepts of a protection context and a protection domain. A protection context is a set of access rights for the memory pages; a protection domain is a set of one or more protection contexts. Passwords are associated with protection domains. A process that holds a key match- ing a given password can take advantage of this key to activate the corresponding domain. A small set of protection primitives makes it possible to modify the composition of the domains in a strictly controlled fashion. The proposed protection model is evaluated from a number of salient viewpoints, which include key distribution, review and revocation, the memory requirements for storage of the information concerning protection, and the time necessary for key validation. Keywords: access right; embedded system; protection; revocation. 1. INTRODUCTION We shall refer to a typical embedded system architecture featuring a microprocessor inter- facing both volatile and non-volatile primary memory devices, as well as a variety of input/out- put devices including sensors and actuators. -
Decnet-Plusftam and Virtual Terminal Use and Management
VSI OpenVMS DECnet-Plus FTAM and Virtual Terminal Use and Management Document Number: DO-FTAMMG-01A Publication Date: June 2020 Revision Update Information: This is a new manual. Operating System and Version: VSI OpenVMS Integrity Version 8.4-2 VSI OpenVMS Alpha Version 8.4-2L1 VMS Software, Inc., (VSI) Bolton, Massachusetts, USA DECnet-PlusFTAM and Virtual Terminal Use and Management Copyright © 2020 VMS Software, Inc. (VSI), Bolton, Massachusetts, USA Legal Notice Confidential computer software. Valid license from VSI required for possession, use or copying. Consistent with FAR 12.211 and 12.212, Commercial Computer Software, Computer Software Documentation, and Technical Data for Commercial Items are licensed to the U.S. Government under vendor's standard commercial license. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The only warranties for VSI products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. VSI shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. HPE, HPE Integrity, HPE Alpha, and HPE Proliant are trademarks or registered trademarks of Hewlett Packard Enterprise. Intel, Itanium and IA-64 are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. The VSI OpenVMS documentation set is available on DVD. ii DECnet-PlusFTAM and Virtual -
Database Language SQL: Integrator of CALS Data Repositories
Database Language SQL: Integrator of CALS Data Repositories Leonard Gallagher Joan Sullivan U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Technology Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology Information Systems Engineering Division Computer Systems Laboratory Gaithersburg, MD 20899 NIST Database Language SQL Integrator of CALS Data Repositories Leonard Gallagher Joan Sullivan U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Technology Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology Information Systems Engineering Division Computer Systems Laboratory Gaithersburg, MD 20899 September 1992 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Barbara Hackman Franklin, Secretary TECHNOLOGY ADMINISTRATION Robert M. White, Under Secretary for Technology NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY John W. Lyons, Director Database Language SQL: Integrator of CALS Data Repositories Leonard Gallagher Joan Sullivan National Institute of Standards and Technology Information Systems Engineering Division Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA CALS Status Report on SQL and RDA - Abstract - The Computer-aided Acquisition and Logistic Support (CALS) program of the U.S. Department of Defense requires a logically integrated database of diverse data, (e.g., documents, graphics, alphanumeric records, complex objects, images, voice, video) stored in geographically separated data banks under the management and control of heterogeneous data management systems. An over-riding requirement is that these various data managers be able to communicate with each other and provide shared access to data and -
The Role of Emerging Broadband Technologies on the Converged
The Role of Emerging Broadband Technologies on the Converged Packet-Based Network Introduction The vision of network convergence toward a consolidated packet-based network has been discussed for years, though it is still not a reality. Currently, there are numerous overlay networks such as IP, ATM, FR, Ethernet, SONET, DWDM and wireless for different services. The evolution pace toward convergence has been slow due to economic, technical and regulatory issues. However, the fact is that data traffic volume is now surpassing voice traffic volume. Traditional TDM voice traffic is moving to IP packets and TDM private line is moving to Ethernet private line. The wave of broadband applications such as Internet access, VOD, and IPTV create high bandwidth requirements for the network. These applications are packet-based, but have a much lower margin of profit for the service providers when compared to traditional voice service. Today’s overlay and traditional circuit-based infrastructure will become less optimal for the new packet-based services as the profit margin decreases. Most of the wireless networks in North America today are still circuit-based because most of the current wireless service is still voice-based. However, with emerging wireless access technologies such as WiMAX and Wi-Fi, more broadband wireless data and video services can be deployed. As a result, the wireless core network evolves toward a packet-based network. Service offerings drive network evolution. As more packet-based broadband services are launched and bundled together in service offerings, service providers start to add more packet-aware features into their current network components. -
Application Layer
APPLICATION LAYER The application layer in the OSI model is the closest layer to the end user which means that the application layer and end user can interact directly with the software application. The application layer programs are based on client and servers. The Application layer includes the following functions: • Identifying communication partners: The application layer identifies the availability of communication partners for an application with data to transmit. • Determining resource availability: The application layer determines whether sufficient network resources are available for the requested communication. • Synchronizing communication: All the communications occur between the applications requires cooperation which is managed by an application layer. Services of Application Layers o Network Virtual terminal: An application layer allows a user to log on to a remote host. To do so, the application creates a software emulation of a terminal at the remote host. The user's computer talks to the software terminal, which in turn, talks to the host. The remote host thinks that it is communicating with one of its own terminals, so it allows the user to log on. o File Transfer, Access, and Management (FTAM): An application allows a user to access files in a remote computer, to retrieve files from a computer and to manage files in a remote computer. FTAM defines a hierarchical virtual file in terms of file structure, file attributes and the kind of operations performed on the files and their attributes. o Addressing: To obtain communication between client and server, there is a need for addressing. When a client made a request to the server, the request contains the server address and its own address. -
Congestion Control in Resilient Packet Ring Networks
New Jersey Institute of Technology Digital Commons @ NJIT Dissertations Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fall 1-31-2005 Congestion control in resilient packet ring networks Alharbi Fahd New Jersey Institute of Technology Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations Part of the Electrical and Electronics Commons Recommended Citation Fahd, Alharbi, "Congestion control in resilient packet ring networks" (2005). Dissertations. 670. https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/670 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at Digital Commons @ NJIT. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ NJIT. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Copyright Warning & Restrictions The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a, user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of “fair use” that user may be liable for copyright infringement, This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment -
Kafl: Hardware-Assisted Feedback Fuzzing for OS Kernels
kAFL: Hardware-Assisted Feedback Fuzzing for OS Kernels Sergej Schumilo, Cornelius Aschermann, and Robert Gawlik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Sebastian Schinzel, Münster University of Applied Sciences; Thorsten Holz, Ruhr-Universität Bochum https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity17/technical-sessions/presentation/schumilo This paper is included in the Proceedings of the 26th USENIX Security Symposium August 16–18, 2017 • Vancouver, BC, Canada ISBN 978-1-931971-40-9 Open access to the Proceedings of the 26th USENIX Security Symposium is sponsored by USENIX kAFL: Hardware-Assisted Feedback Fuzzing for OS Kernels Sergej Schumilo Cornelius Aschermann Robert Gawlik Ruhr-Universität Bochum Ruhr-Universität Bochum Ruhr-Universität Bochum Sebastian Schinzel Thorsten Holz Münster University of Applied Sciences Ruhr-Universität Bochum Abstract free vulnerabilities, are known threats for programs run- Many kinds of memory safety vulnerabilities have ning in user mode as well as for the operating system been endangering software systems for decades. (OS) core itself. Past experience has shown that attack- Amongst other approaches, fuzzing is a promising ers typically focus on user mode applications. This is technique to unveil various software faults. Recently, likely because vulnerabilities in user mode programs are feedback-guided fuzzing demonstrated its power, pro- notoriously easier and more reliable to exploit. How- ducing a steady stream of security-critical software bugs. ever, with the appearance of different kinds of exploit Most fuzzing efforts—especially feedback fuzzing—are defense mechanisms – especially in user mode, it has limited to user space components of an operating system become much harder nowadays to exploit known vul- (OS), although bugs in kernel components are more nerabilities.